V
I srWT.r.W '"
smst.
77tj 1axoRA.yr.4m) degraded of every katioxqr
CLIME MUST BE ENLIGHTENED, BEFORE OUR EARTU CdXtrRB TilSL MrSKSE.'
VOLUME 1.
GREKNSnOROUGH, N. C. STUKY, SEPTRMBER 5,
verdant and flowery meadows ; the cool fountains of
water ; umbrageous forests; and the plaintive melo
dy of the aerial songsters nil conspire -to render rt
delightful and engaging, ail tojustuy trie aoove asser
tion ;-to make it .a haunt lu lor inc ;uuscs, anu
thy the cause of propitious Genii. In our progress
westwardly we presently catch fight of tlic stupen
dous Blue Ridge, rearing its lofty columns to the
skies. We know indeed that it height is nothing to
compare with that of mountains in other countries ;
but we also know, that whether, from the country
below, we view its summit, or from its summit look
down on the country below, it is high enough to in
spire our mi nds with a feeling of grandeur and awe.
Beyond this range other ranges suceed , and licre and
there a peak lilts its head up amongst the clouds.
Beautiful id cultivable valleys inti ivenr. ilii-Ms
a fuieaiid ample grazing country, and extends to tl.c
western limit of tlv: Si:te. Ttiese mountains are
also the repository of valuable metals, especially iroti.
Thus otr State luis every variety of feature, from
" . rM"..rlnethintheiiTprt1ortioifc the level, uniluin marsh ot our inarauine tusui t.w,
Ht-thoeeofRrerlcngtu nx ' ' . w . i' elite and- nrofound v!1eVS of our mocir-
i ,Amniiimratai W uiei-iiwr, r -v .. r , :
iwrnifVP
THE GRKKNSHDKUiii.n r vnuv,
printed and publish. every Saturday morning, by
WILLIAM SWA1M,
. navablc within three iWt
frcn the ctate tV Hrst ..unber, or Three DolUrs after
v. ..iruhm of that period.
: I h. at liberty to discontinue at any time
lC,S . .Tl . , months, by p.ylng for the number.
u .. . hut nonawr will
iwr.huH-d until all arrcaragi-J. a.c ,
discoutumauce will be consiflentaa new c..8abv
to oi (U-r ii
mint
lihoM- ho m:iv
become irsponsc for Ten copies shall
n - f r. TMM-r.fcTlt Wll
,U ., nvute to aoth-nfd agetvlM-T rr.KiinuS
ana warrai-.ti.ig tlu-ir solvency or rrrnlfn the ca-u
ADVEH TISKMKNTS,
Wot trxXns K vsill benwtly inseited three times for
... ji .rand t wot V-fivc cents for ejwh wcceedinB pu
IPlkV.
strain these body curem declare that the Amencwf --Up the.WicatK'B no
hiiwi ucac j a;: r I rw(rf. The first nzacUtion t4 -rs b tJub-
forelincdipuie? are oLnowpus- to f conimes ;
that the most' Riir,rle growth o( nature i no withotvt
its ppreoriate malady t and that the sarage iwiumi,
if possible more ignorant tixm uwmswnv;?,
thcsupeiiortact.of arguing and appropriating each
plunt to its concomitant onsease. now nuiauwni
the extreme f Are there not strutural Ji?tfafcf v datly
ocoimngthat admit only of a pa.lia.tive course Are
not Biany oftlie diseases amongst us iitportcd f -arti
in fact are vrc not ourscUe exotics, natfttali?ed?
.u . ,ir.t rnmniinicatan to th
lath e to the paper, imi h post-p Airs or they will not be
attiTjdtd to.
"c o mu r.vc.i no
'I!ut stilt rrmrmhtf, if uou wan to filraxe,
To irtss your pAnt ivi,
ti modenfu and ram:
For the Greensboro gh Patriot.
h OUT 1 1-C A KOL I N A , No. 1 L
GlOGKATUU At. SL'llVLV.
Delectable both to bthold t-iste ;M
,u ,rt :irp lu i-eth..t all th' earth kUIs, 1
..vrirtv without end." MutriF.L If.W.v SSS
Let us hot take a Geographic:)! surrey ot our
State. We shall find it situated between 3 1 and 36
andsomft minutes of north latitude. The 35tbdV
Erec runs through, or near Fayettevilk. Now if we
vcould pee what countries in the Old tYorld, or on
the Katern Continent, lie ivear the same parallel, je
shall find the southern parts of Spam r.nd Italy, the
island of Sicily, and the northern parts of the Mates
of Rarbary, Greece, Asia Minor, (now called aNato-
!ia,) Syria, the northern parts ot 1'ersia, miiec, anu
China. The greater part of Italy he but a little
north, and Palestine and Egypt lie ltit a httle swith
f this parallel. Thus we behold our own mi pre
tetg litatrv-rWtftl xurly ani latitude of
(hose countries which were most fomoi in antiquity;
-where man attained his highest earthly perfection,
and nchiered the mot admirable feats of inventipn ;
where a Homer invented the most sublime- poem
that was cvrr written by uninspired man ; and David,
the Ki;v flsrael, was inspired to compose those
HolySoiigs of Zion, with a fervour which enkindles
devotion in the coldest climes, and in tk- remotest
gem:ratitms; atd wliere a Vuil tolJ tlie late and
aclsic rm-nts of his hero, in the sinoothot verse, ami
with tlie most elevated pathos; where Science
flourished, and the Arts were discovered ; m short,
where tlx: mind of man developctl its greatest peifec
tion. and dinlaved its hri-ihtot. sublrmest capacity.,'
Nnr arc we to suppose, tliat the concentration of
all that is grand in this particular climate, is merely a
casual cirewnstance. Doubtless the local advauta
ie tniht have made a permanent occupation a de-
bideratum ; the holdups of tle surrounding scenery
miht have inspired sublinwty of thoiht ; and the
incidents of fortune might have impelled to deeds of
valour; hut it is to the climate itself, we are to look
for the most efficient cause of human greatness ap
pnn uniting to a parallel of latitude. Tlrese coun
tries are situated in the medium of temperance, be
tween the extremes of heat and cold. vVe shall be
the more convinced of this, when we reflect that tli
frigid iones of our globe arc scarcely habitable by
humai beings. Extreme heat of climats debilitates
v tlie body, and renders it incapable of achieving great
and adventurous enterprises; or of assisting the mind
in the accMiplishmenrof any daffn'g or lofty intellec
Hual exploit. On the other imnd, extreme coldncsg
Lf chtnatc, thrdughlhoUorporeal powers, ehttfi
lh6 mental t and destroys ardour and vivacity of
thought. Corporeal strength, and activity may ar
rive H full perfection, whilsC a lively aud Rowing
imacinntion may be wanting. But, in a temperate
Climate, the DOduy aiXl mcnuu mtuiaes, oenrg njuaity
vigorous and active, afford each other mutual aid.
fc)ur own State possesses, in an euuucni acgree, uk-
Advantages of a temperate clime.
Beginning at our extensive sea-shore, and advan
cing towards the interior, the first section of country
s low, level, swampy, and unhealthy ; yet fertile in
certain places; and possesses greater commercial fa
cilities than any other part of the State. To this
succeeds the sand-hills the land begins to undulate;
an ! the people arc less unhealthy. This section :
ncmarkahle for nothing but sterile pme barrens;
however, near streams of water, the land is produc
tive. Advancing still westward towards the sources
of the rivers, you en'cr into a country, which, wiieii
Wl its natural advantages arc taken mto view, mav,
itlwyt exaggeration, be pronounced one ot Uieunesi
tu&torians and geographers to the contrary not-
i M I i m1 ' i i ii ili i Ii ii nf its nm.
fain
.... ... . ..'-,- . ii .L ' r.; e
tauv J lie soil is no less tU vetsdiea iiKin inc iacu i
tliccoantrjv and every variety of soil is wktptcd to
itsowm particular production, and brings it to the
lugheAt:.' petfectiott isiwt
generally of the most fertife (junKtjk but tlus is a less
serious disadvantage, than it it weic not so amply
counterbalanced by tliat felicity of clumte, wlach
wc : have aIreay"'holiccd'f'aid by it capacity for
improvement. No portion is m oor, rocky, or bro
ken as not to be capable of protlucinng somethHg
valuable, as a vine, a ntllctn tree, or pasture for a
herd of cattle, or a flock of sheep.
To pepcwiderateaffitut all the alxve advantages,
we can enumerate but a single iiicvnveinanie tlia.t
has been ttm,osed irpon i by the band oi nature.
Our whole coast is so securely Uh kailtfd by rocks,
shcxils, ever-chanfsng sAnd-biiN, aiwi tuiy c.nes, as
to ejtclude us front a free, access to the open, ocean
with large sca-ressels, and tints to cut us otf frotn di-
revived. Th fiii jiral;itori 4 sJrs by tJu.:'i&-
mi was in the riign ct I" Jbelb, in 1 5C7. lais
Xllf. fFr!vce woutt not .ftttsvjfve inntivflj f
slaves ho hh Afericau bl:wdl br wwam-d
tlwi! it was the rrttditst tocrrt ihtm to Chci
tiaidiy. The-first l-ac broufjbl Jfe.U lis? ll'wsisl
States, w by a Dtkh ship tC.L'O hkl laiwkd '
A .UtirttHtown m Virn. rfU-im.Ser war-
AUktiw of the .Siun fro. I Mar 271?, by a
tkc isiM f tliA- liigU tvuri of i'r;tfd, it was dttlar-tdrti-i3li
tli- Bsitish ("rsii.tfiii ikx-r ncv4 re cognize a
state of slavery 17," t?w- Rev. IV. ?clc Pti
'nknt of JVLjgdtkn (gtf', Ca3nfrtTitt gi'tve ol a a
th? Sir v prize f svvr "-fe. it riglu to make h'ts
tif 4l-s agintt tj'v TU- VTTZf vr guutd
by TIiwbj ClarLvm. h !Vty 17&7, a CouMtittee
( 4 lwttvt- iiiwUvkiiuuis r;-i& (b.ri.'it ia LfXiuhm to pro-
iierv tlic abolittoti tvi" tUvery- Ji wv ht ?.
port? &fLt k&ML, Li vipo, Mi Kns.lT Mr. nrisn
a-crtan tliC uwrces of t,CXi Efig,?irh ."fttntco,
wlliadpistoed rn trwc- sXave trul. tu FHrary
i ie?r, by mVcr of the titng, aCenisswttrt- of tSvt Pri
vy Council iw.k MUTMM(i:r.i'.Uf tltt- of tfc
Africai vhii, rdv. Th sutycet irm3rcd w
to I'arltaiiMvt wv uhiiU of May b Vt'ithasn
Pitt. A UH w;s n;-vi to Xiwj.t th? manbtr of 4art-s
leadloi; utothe liver, canes out, tl utkt, j tw - ; 7: a u,
from its etlects expires, deserve the nauicof ScJjauu toaUA.J. rr- c. ti7.de mtU .a StMe& ,
IOr IIMT D, ailU IUMm.it ''""'o , l - . " "
Why not then import srr medicines f vhP? lva
ture would be title to conjure up. as many discos-, as
there are dillcrcut sjitcies of plant ? Vi ve tlirHaii
would not excuse him. M;ny ptut& are of a!ue
ii skilful hands 5 but far tlie greater numhcf fve
pi.wers so weal: ftnd feeNe, tld tlve-virtue okp cart
h id would net-be a doe &r a chicken. Then wtv
Itbiuourci'awt exotics f Jfrtgruws iit India. aiKi
thcrt acts as a valuable am; tic, m possesses-. &ny v
iIkt tpiality, will it uatitt be as ahwU? tf the
bark of a true, in lveiu, will Msucure- nu in.temvit
tent, wijl U not A;-f prothnro. the like result I Its
tliepoor savage, who r when. lalxuing irndef the
partly filled with hot stones, !nd fidjiuiitfy delrtged
the life from his " afllicled iiUhour, tlcse diiiigs
should be considered. Certain rt is thtvt p.uts,
iutj Ue I5cxf of'l-l- 5ir :t? iinmcrltatc arid twaJ
a-buliiion. and cvfrtti tlX to V.v lu tier Cimwowv,
ii rV vas pitetd atst by vUin2.t'U ; tvM. hi
r.r fli ni rrwnmercc-, Tins dwihttess w a serious
prejudice to. the interests oftlie State : but where we
ccvusiderhow many natural advantages we still pos
sess," we caruirot,m reason, attribute to tliis wJitary
inconvenience, the ftight of oirr civiens, carrying; a-
lony; with tltem our capital ami cult ipri.-e ; t.i more
e-jicially, as in time w-t we were ttomLMun
Mau.gretlie barrier wtm tur.it ml lr;s rrtpumir
commerce. That our coiubticm i- kad almMt to des-
oaration and cotwtautly Wt-trt-airfj ; and tUU ou-
. . . .
mot euerprihing
speed they can; arc
superficial uWrver to
are we to account for tt
not be found iu the rustr.iiiit i;A!.u;'e Uv irUKtd wi
our commercial euteipiMj, siwfst i iw-t loolc lor ii m
the state of our socia? reLtioiiA ' Th'it vvc mast, is
the opfoion of
Wily dork.
.1 t II.. i...,,.... K(1iF.k ai kK.iwit 4 1 1 ' it i-4 - : ! t
me same rami.; u. gv vi- -:!.,(;;' hfl,l w uith ,tr. ::tb
a so the same pr;it,s mnereiu seasons, rura pwp- . " . ., c ,, n ,
, look at tL- tMo)v,.. R ,nci, .4 -UJ ' fJ'
lO Ue WfflU ueCCM;iM5r. ukiikuwui 011,1.1 "-" ' ... t . k .1 . f
1 S : Id fee, VoIvoIuh W mto that eUy. TIm- Unx, rl.
jalap) is a well known eatliartic. The sweetpota
to (convolvulus butitits) needs no description. Faid
bind-weed Cconvolvulrw sciiirf has esculent prop
erties, and De Wit Gron siys,iiv one of his essays,
It'll 9. If
tlavt he brieves tlie root may be okkTi
ti vatiorr. h ttvs somewhtt-the tate cf the
to. Scauummy (ccivolvulus scaminonia) is an t
tic ytt not ilu-le-v elllc.tcious a a ditto Cu: purgv-
live isit to icttvm :
.CiMitiiwMiig my walk, tl-c- prdb rw swept round
All chililrMi Lfim of sbxe u tk state of I'ciufiU
nb after Macch 1st I750v wen? sve. la tt- vute
month the cwst'ttutv'rn of U:at hfstll? wa r;.it-ied,
wlitb sn.terdict'fd sI'Avef. Iy the ct-i;tunof-. f
de edible by cul-f New lfaipsbiriatipkd in i7K?T pffr. rcid
Wthe Iri-h pota- he held a slave; by that ofVeruxrt io 1
..un u tiislativt eu.unaetit i hlntd .in I78"; : 'Vo.
neclkut a was fvismiI in. 1724', riiK lar.fx; Uvt:
J-pft;4i.vbin a:eiJtli;it y-Arshtild hV?. w .' ruu-
ungtci; au.c et twvuu -tv e yt-ars; v ,ivwtise, a
lw wasiiassed hi (301, i-eclai-i: that evevy chi'd
ttcr; r,otts r n wamW Ikre-aixf there by, m bn.kei nnd de- Su ,V w-o,k July 4th, ; toir.ij
u. :u tt.i..4r . Uthtf cause carv r . i(,;;m K, ' ;,, ,v ed bw,itrtdii.tt!: lavv UetCT freu the rao-
w;v a snxttl bnuuli, hetMititulS- ilecoratod with lne
cardinal dower, (Loheha cardiuatii, ivfn.-.jh'd, ami
delit'.hted.
Vnd
or ic (irtm.inonnigk Patriot .
M a. Editob; : A few evenings since in one cf my
pereg.rinations, Icliauetd to stix4l alonganalmost un
freipiented path, that presented m either hund ol
jects flattering to the eye oftlie N.itutalist,aml pic
turescme scenery. to tlie Rotnaivtic novelist. On tlu
risiht, arose rocks of massive granatc a small stream
let gamboling down among their rnetualities into tlie
dark ami sullen stream below. ,Oi the left, the
ground, for a few rods, descended with a gradual
slide, tlien becoming more precipitous and broken,
seemed tiimLly to end in a deep,daik andsilent cliastu.
I fere the trumpet flower (Bignonia nuhcans) eonsu
nwtes its liobltsl wilu Attaclung to, and entwining
itself around IIk most lofty trees, that erect themselves
upon the verge of the precipice, towers above their
uppermost branches, and reclining proudly oVrlooks
the scene below.
Climbing upon the copse-wood was to be seen, a
my right, the blue passion flowrr( Passi Flora coem
lea ;) one among the most beautiful that Ffora Exhi
bits, as well as emblematical of the suffering of our
Saviour on the Cross.
A little farther on, in, the direction of the path, I
discovered, travelling upon the ground and twining
around live smaller bushes, the muhaacan, or man ol
the ground l(Convolviilits pandurutus ;) about the,
. . 1 ' 1 I it. 1
virtues ot wiMcn mucn naj oeeu saui oy ine ignorui
ami superstiticKLs. Its vine and blossom, with the
addition of a tinge of red iu the corol, resembles the
sweet potato. It has a tuberous root, and some uum s
grows quite large. It is indeed the very talisman of
quackery. They most ridiculously assign to it tlx
human shape. 1 ho superior part ot t!e root rests
below the surface, from three to six inches. Tlie
vine, as it approaches near the surface, forms a kir.d
of bulb, which is denominated Uk? head ; and the inter
mediate, part from this to the root, is called the neck.
Usually, near the superior jiart of the root, two small
brandies make off, denominated the .superior extre
mities. From this the root descend: a number of
inc lies, according to its size and soil, where it biti.r
cates. This bifurcation completes the similitude :
head, neck, arms, body', legs, and where a furtlier di
vision of the branches take place, secures to this man
of .the ground a sufficiency of foes and fingers. No
two parts secrete the same or like virtues: lor in
stance, if tbenatieut wlo a;nlies for relief is afflicted
in his arm, a piece froirt the corresponding member of
the man of the ground must be used ; and in hlte
manner in all other cases'. Whenever this most -lent
rule is deviated from, its talismanic power is list
ceases to be a remedy. In almost as lorcibW a
hvl 'tis tft fed cqHtfUiiutf, and almoHl true.
Whatf't r vk vjrifc mt bung jurth notfisix nevj.
31KM0K A Nl Li M
Of T fife. SlwWk' TTt.VDC, AVD SI.AVbav.
Slavery anionic the Aiveients.
Homer otten allude
Icy betwe.-ia th Dti'.o aiui Hbssspji r'.xrrs. Jma
ry 1st, fbUG, tlu: aiatt-trudf cut-rti by the ccv.stt't
tiKNioflhe C hi W.nrft t-y at ofCwgre-
all t .itLmw- A 'the- C b. whoshtiid W (wad. i-iv.;-
"M m ft? lave trade, au-d be cobs ictcd oftheoitet.ee'
iiuvLl H'jjtr ditilh.
.dfmui) (uiJi:nit. lu Jve, J7&7 the ll"
glish Colony a. Sietn I . e estahiubed. i r-is
U raAwf ltv 13 cltg. I i" u. vrth btitudt-, atid jiUjI
i "2 (Vg. w i: iongitixk'. - -In H'J-1, Hc sctJVtRnt v
(it,)U tte-itn.ed l.v is Fr ntl tUvt. 5 ISvT.ah :iie
I jmo-um t the company were sirm?Mdvitd J tc
iti.itislc LH'svn. Tli Cokii twvr cwit;i.ii HIjUOO
to tlie custom ot Kidiupping in the pnu:tie.d er.pvdi-, jiii ;0 ,ts. I J,(w0 o wlvom ar- .Uiu.d negn.v
The sreud-it oik shipa-itt ivttwW fwm tLut colt ii
was aetidy JOUtX:V
Tlw Ameiicai CtJwu'a'wfi S'cwty firiecl
iiv 1 VccnlxT iaiG. In Ul'-.u jmrtivm -.f .In Afn-f-.MMXM-t
v;v e.plAi.tt Uy Vjift- atvd U'.jruf:
ttv I V.V incbU eifi:v:i'.V7 vv.rt- M.ti. t?t. lit i
cet ftbi c U't, Cpe MtmseiuJk sjta,vpwiclia.'d, awl
sy Alter, a pennant nt sutk'uipnt cornniuu ei.
Tlie prtlaticti of the toiw.iv ,now'ect ett- I .)t, ivf
xvlxun were sent out in t7. 'lUmt two
years past about 1,000 slaves km- k-vn liber.-?.d to
il United S Vales many of vhoiu tae lte tcdiu
mitted to Africa.
Msivlhwovs. lu Austria, it ttas declared hy
royal edict m i826T that every slave from the nvt
ment he tt ccbes the Aivsttiarv sil, or Mt Au-triaa
ship, is hee. hi li25, a decree was parsed by ihv
(iovermivent .of France, declaring tlt all rugvt.i iu
the sJare trade as proprietors, supercargoes, ike.
shall b: punished with banishment, and a line ep4aJ
to tltc value of tlie ship aud cargo ; 'officers of the ves
w.li rendered incap;btc of sewing in the French f--vy;
and other individuals pnntshol v.ith impnvm
ineut. hi Brazil, it is to be abolished iu three yc-rs
after March 1. Wil.
Six Spaniel ships were captured in whivh
had on board I,jUO slaves. One ship uf (9 tons, hid
-221 staves, hi 1827, a Spanis.i ac'rifi.:r (ons
w.-ts captured ; has rug in her hold 220 slaves ; 3i' j
died. It U accounted a good voyage, if uot more
than 20 in 100 perish. In the month of J.. -u:',ry
lU2d, 2, 100 slaves, were lauded in H vlna, hrazil.
The travtllcr, Burkhardt, sas that the number S
slaves in Fjipt i.-20,000; in it plague rtci ittl v u
Cairn, 8,000 perished. In tlie kingdom k Dortour
in- Eastern Africa, the uurrdter of slaves is aboai U,
000 ; iu IWnoon, Bageruie, Haoussu, iv.c. tlie slates
are about 10,000 to 100,000 fret men. All the Be
douins ate well stocked with slaves. In Syria the ft:
are but few slaves. From (i to COO annually , art
bought up by tlie Turkish fdlktrs in Kg) pt.. In. the
British West Indies the number oilavts is W)0,000.
They are constantly decreasing. In thu United
Slates, in 1020, theie- were I.76'l,fl3..i slaves, -wji
tious, and of reducing prisoners of war ten the r Mh
tku oisuives. Atheus, on tlie hwest twKut,ttni,
contained three grovs n male slaves to one fret- uuiti.
The treatment which tliey receive, svas cuuarative
ly mild, If able to purclnkse hecdom, hey deaiaiv
ded it of their nvasters, at a certain lixed price. Vi
ly two inconsiderable iusctrrections are reconkd.
At one time tliey seized upxMt the castle of Smiiuui,
and cMniivittcd depredatkwvs ia tliesurrouirfuiuf coun.
tiy. At Sj,rta, tlie condition of slaves Wiis deplora
ble iu the extreme, aud several times by their nx:;uis,
tlie Spartan state was threatened with extinction,
flgypt was aily a mart for slaves. Stchosays that
irki m (.ihcia, 10,000 slaves, a day, were sold tor
the benellt of oc Romans. At Sicily there were
very fremieut insurrections fslaves. Two consular
armies were destroyed in one war. Some of tlu;
Romans had from six to ten thousand slaves each. A
Roman nobleman being assassinated, four hundred
slaves were put to death vir consequence.
Adrian was . tne uomeiu tiinpenr, x ik ucpnveu
the master of a tamiiv of the power of hie and death
:r its members. Coostanhnc abohVf ', T'.'pna
over
slavery. Slavery iu Europe, in the middle ages, xvas
such as now exists in Pokind. Marriage among the
vassals was a religious and solemn rite. They wor
shipped at the same altar with their Jonls, Arc.
The Slave trade and Slavery in modem times. A
bout tlie year 1500 a few slaves were sent from the
Portuguese settlements in Africa into the Spanish col
onies i a America. In till Ferdinand v. ofSpuin
permitted tlvem to be carried in great numbers. In
consequence of the terrible destruction of the Indians
in America, Bartlioloinew de las Casas,a benevolent
Catholic DLshop, proposed to Canlinal Xeuiincs, in
whose hands the govcrmikcnt of Spain was lodged,
before the accession of Charles V. to establish a reg
ular system of commerce in African slaves. This
proposal was in order to save the Indians from extir
pation. Xemines replied that it would he very in
consistent to free the inhabitants of one continent by
enslaving those of anotlier.-ln 1517; Charley V.
permitted one of his Flemish Eivorites tiiimport 4 ,000
Africans into America. In 1542, lie ordered thut all
slwvttfin his American doiniuioua ihuuld be st .rree. 233,100 free Ijlutka, Qui
tour i
nil