-1 " 1 - . . '.. '...- -.v. ... . A "UfK ICXQRAXr AJVD DEC HADED OF EFERY XA1 lO.V OR CLIME MUST BE ENLIGHTENED, BEFORE OUR EARTH CAN HAfE HONOR IX THE UA'irERSJL" VOLUMK 1. GREEISfSBOROUGi'I, N. C. WEDNESDAY, MARCH 31, 1830. NUMBER 45. run GREENBB'.mOUI PATRIOT. Is printed & published every Wednesday morning, by WILLIAM SWAfM, At Two Dollars per annum, payable within three months from the date of the first number, or Three Dollars will be invariably exacted immediately after the expira tion of that period. Each subscriber will be ut liberty to discontinue nt any time within the first three months, by paying for the m un'u-rh received, according to the above terms ; hut iv i viper ilj be discontinued until all arrearages are paid, and a fail .in to order a discontinuance will be considered a new engage menf Those who may become responsible for Ten copies sl ,:Jl re ceivethe 11th jr.7fw.An allowance of ten percent will alsobemadetoatilhorized agent for procuring sulistrilK-rs and warrantingtheir solvency or limiting the cash. '. .ADVERTISEMENTS, Not exceeding 12 lines, will be neatly inserted three times for one dollarand twenty-five cents for each succeeding pab- lication those of greater length in the same proportion. All letters and communicating to the Editor, business re " lative tothepapC?rnrar,e wjsT-rMD,wi:j i uo. attended to. - COMMUNICATION. it, can retard the progress of others i:i acquiring knowledge of it, we admit the truth of the main as sertion in the sentence j'i-t ipioted. Do yon mean, hv this, to say that you never olfered to teach the English Grammar i:i fifty days ? What then is your iMMmVg when you say,,"uo are what we pretend to be, teacher? of Knlish (Jiarnmar, in fifty days ?" lVsihlv you intend totjuilible about the vonl perfec tion. I'ut such an attempt cannot avail you much, as it will be only a quibble. If you have never in tentionally induced the h."linf, that you rould impart an adequate knowledge of the English Grainmer in 'i'tv das, rior used any other mi-irrpn enltttioiis, but have always staled fairly and open'v what you could do, and what you eould not do, then we have not made the most distant allusion to you in our rema rks: aiid your furious repulse of charges never made, "Resembles ocean into ternm-st tost. To waft a feather, or, to drown a ily." Whatever may become of your evasions and shufflings, we are fortunate enough to possess abundant proof of our assertion. We rationally infer, and therefore believe.- that you are implicated. Othcrwiic, why !.us "your situ jtion call loudly for defence?" More over, yon have been employed, and at the price of 1 0 Ibr Uijy ,day , We ink-r lioin this that you must f a y if I t mf&Qi&rfti!- I'u v. tor ou r gootj .citizens hive seldom shown theuielvci liberal in the en i '.oiira'rment of learniiu' Al'hih . thoutrh we have But mill remember, if you m-in to fifrasc, To hres vour hoint witi modern and easr." - To ires your fiofat For The Grbkhsborough Patriot. A SPECULUM For JOHN P. DUSiCAN AND DANIEL D. DUNC AN. Messrs. Duncans: We have, without "astonish ment or regret," read your hombastick production under the head o( "English Grammar Jifty days hok! You atVcct much pity and regret" on our behalf. We would advise you to keep your tlnrs for youreelvrf, your deluded pupils, and your de frauded employers. We ask not your sympathy we regard not your malevolence ; your friendship we would not accept, even were it tendered without .tfie ha recondition of "repentance' and '.friia . . tion .... .. ..:...,. Who friendship with a knave has made, Is judg'd a partner it the trade." If an "aflrwiee Providence, in bestowing many - gifts in&lendktinsi ha& thoughi...i(pC..ta.wjUi- Ji6H"trofitiia,'wed6wbt-'rtot but he has done it -for.an-SaUwise,. purpose, purpose ..wiser than that of making vain pretenders weep. Were we not shielded by conscious rccliiude, we might feel that we had once acted w iihoutjde.c discretion, that is, nvben wefpusf-l ytu to tinitsv sntl placed ourselves in the range of your missiles. Though your darts are barbed and pointed with malign acrimony, dipped in the venom of .-Liul r, and hurled with infuriated violence and mortal aim ; wo can assure you, they glance unheeded by, or fall "Lite harmless thunders breaking atom feet." Ve did not engage in this warfare without first "counting the cost." We did not calculate to ex pose an imposture without incurring the wrath and unjust recrimination of the impostors. Therefore, we do not shrink at your first brunt ; nor do we view our situation in a light so mortifying as to be ready to cry out in the tender pathos of the poet, "we own your sentencejust.' Were ou our judges, we should icarce expect a just sentence ; for, when interested and maliciou accusers are the judges, justice is sel dom done. "vYe will", pay you, "at all limes, and on all occa sions bow with respect to the mil of the people. Such a bow as wc can make, is always at their ser vice." Though ye arc, no doubt, a supple, obsequi ous, cringing tribe, when it suits your turn so to be, yet it may he justly questioned whether men, who BtrivC i6 mislead the people's judgment have any real respect for their will. It is scarcely necessary to in- form jyo, who know so much about Mthc principles of matter and tnougnr, trial me act oi judging precedes volition ; and that men will discreetly or indiscreetly, according to the correctness or incorrectness of the information on which their judgment is formed. Speaking of our assertion, that "men have been traversing this section of country, offering to teach the English Grammar to perfection, in lilty days," you say, that this remark 13 false in relation to you. Ifj our assertion did not apply to you, it had no relation j whatever to you, until you claimed kin with it, for we did not particularize you. Your caserne's to re pel a charge, in which, if ye have not been guilty of the thing alleged, ye were not implicated, gives a ' strong suspicion that yc are guilty. You go on, "it -I manifestly contradictory to the universal sentiment .of all enlightened 111011." "This remark," as you call it, being a matter of fact, 'cannot he a matter of sentiment, cither universal or particular, of the en lightened or the unenlightened. "No person," you av, "possessed of common intelligence,! would ailirm, that a perfect knowledge of a science so complicate in i"s parts, so Fuperficjally understood and so much de graded by an unqualified barjristerJand ostentatious . ichoohnastcr, could he obtained,in fifty days;. With out being able to conceive, how the degradation of a gcjif.'; by "an inqiivlitk'd biPaSter'and ostentatious ota verv hinh oninion of vour abilities, either nat- oral or acquired, yet we scarcely believe you to be absolutely infituated, as t attempt the defence of o contemptible a cause, in which you arc uoten faiiL'Vd. Weirave intimation that an imposture was ;iliied on the publiek. You step forth and father ii ; end yours it shall be. You say, "we are extremely sorry, that wc cannot obtain recommendations from so Icarmd and influen tial characters as Messrs. Swaim and Reynolds." Wc doubt not, but your sorrow is both extrtnic and sincere. And we cannot repress a smile, when we reflect what different sort of Swaim and Reynolds we should be, in your estimation, had we not been "accompanied bv the disdainful bigotry and unblush ing perversity of" opinion," as you call our firmness, which cotisf rained us not (o connive at your shahie lesnpri fences Had we been temporizing enough to have recommended the "short system," "without knowing whv or caring wherefve," none would be more "learned and i.'fl'n-ittiui"' than we. W e would hot be the men who "make" Ad varos, Adjecttvte," No, no: in that case, if we hat called them adverbs, adv?bS"tiy-'wiM-t-t4f no less. .Spcakmg ol one of us, yen -ay, "who says that the Preposition unto ahvars follows like." Wc deny the verity of the statement an 'made by you; yet, admitting it, we consider our ground as tenable as yours, when you say that the preposition to or unto is never understood after like. and more tenable than yours, when you say the sentence, "' i like him, is incorrect, because the pronoun after like is in the objective case ; or when you say the pronoun me, in the phrase, "give me. leave, " is governed by the verb give. ) After qtiotins from our remarks, what you arc pleased to call a "traheendantly moral sentence," you commence, "wc think" clc. a if the publiek, or even ourselves, care what you ''think,'" so long as your thoughts are not conclusion1, deducible from facts or reason. To hear you pi ate about "Sorratical virtue," with the insinuation annexed that yourvain selves posses such virtue, would make a "Socratical dog howl in derision. Speakiug of "tame and silent submmission," you say, "it is not regarded by us, and we hope by no other person;" that is, and we hope it is not regarded by no other person. Your invitation to meet you, for the purpose of bemc shewn that our "knowledge 01 Urammar is entirely superficial, and that ye are what y e pretend fo be, teachers of the Grammar in fify days," we have a strong inclination to except. Accordingly we will meet you, at any place if niay appear mutually convenient, at any time, when we shall be able to procure the attendance of impartial men, possessed of more grammatical knowledge than either party, to act as umpires ; and a moderator, who may insure us the opportunity of speaking and hearing in our turn , when we shall b convinced that any good can result from our convention with men whose predominant characteristic! are intrusive im pudence, obstreperous garrulity and flatulent self-con-cietf men who have not the humility to discover, nor modesty to ow n, that they are not infallible, nor the magna. limity to admit the possibility that others may be right; who submit to no authority, ridicule and dis parage tlutl most highly approved, and set their own conceited opinions above all : when these things shall happen together, we will meet you unreluct- antly, both to be shown, (it it can be shown,) "that our knowledge of grammar is entirely superficial, and that you arc what y ou pretend to be," &c. And further, should any set of parents, within "any rea sonable distance, be weiik enough hereafter to em ploy you, influenced by your persuasions that you can make their children grammarians in fiAy days ; if, at the expiration of the term, they will call upon us to examine, the class, we will "'then and there," show you that you are what. we esteem you, impos tors.. ' ". ' . ' ;( You seem much elated with the itJea that you al- togethejr. exculpate yourselves from the charge of 1 Mpot lie, bv promulgating the terms on which you to know that the universal impressoi) of Both employ ers and scholars is, (to use their own language,) that a perfect know ledge of grammar is to be imparted, in fifty days; or in other words, that the scholars are to be made complete grammarians, in that time. We are well fortified with testimony of this fact. Now, there is no rational way by which to account for this im pression except that of supposing it derived from your misrepresentation and flatteries. Moreover, in s'-port of this supposition; we have the testimony 01 .'heir own words. No doubt, you calculate it will be difficult to account for the fact, that you gen erally obtain your pay, withut admitting that you give general "satisfaction." Hut, having seen the busi ngs managed once, we can easily see how it is pos sible for you to give satisfaction without rendering value. When your school is.made, your imposture is only beioin ; as your school advances, and your pupils begin to have a smattering knowledge of many things, you applaud and magnify their pi ogress to iheir parents ; and inflate their own va'ii'v. They pen eive they have obtained some knovvleue, and believe it to be all. "While from the hcunded level of their mind, S'loit vieus they lal.e, nor see the lengths behind. t h' cterP'd-sTWr,- atinear'-tfrcaiV Tast,' ' Aml'thfi mine interim, no opportunity i-omitted bv you lor decrying or for striving to infuse the highest contempt for all : knowledge of this sort, acquired in the old way. .When the time has elapse, I, he scholars are exam-; ined, often, no doubt, by ine.it very incapable of do ing it thoroughly. These rie-n afier a s-hort exuiii-, cation, perhaps by von alone., pronounce them gram marians, This accords with their own belief ; and' their parents who arc no judges, (for no man who understands the science himself will be thus daped,) express their satisfaction, and handover the "fee." "You'langh, in y our heart, at the success of your ar tifice, despise your unfortunate dupes, take courage and try again. But, on the other hand, if those engaged as exam iners are adenuate to the task, and have the firmness. . 1-., ...1 r 1 ' f 1 I or, as you nave cancatureu it, nave 'i.ne uisaainiui bigotry; iind unblushing perversity of opinion," to' pcrfuriu the duty assigned them with uncompromir sing integrity, the affair becomes serious, and a noisy scene ensues. Yon, seeing your cralt in danger ot being set at nought, like Demetrius the .silversmith, raise an uproar, and crv. "for about the space of two hours," Great is the iray hy.CurtatiothJp&teint, much vntn bnhhtitig and confndiCtrOUI'rocifer ation, to impose tin belief 011 the bystanders, that the examiners are ignorant and prejudiced. You back the scholars in erronr, ami strive to harden them to obstinacy in the belief that thev are grammarians, and that the examiners are ignorant and partial. Fi nally, when a regard to truth and srood faith, compels the examiners to perform the delicate task of pro nouncing the class inadequate grammarians, a dec laration so unflattering to their vanity, mortifies their feelings, and they are easily persuaded that injustice has been done them. The parents, in this case, be lieving their children have derived benefit, at the same time that they say, they are under no absolute necesity of paying, conclude to pav you, or, at least, compound with you, for the sake of peace. Hefore we leave you to your silent meditation", wc wish you to take a glance at your production en masse. Men who speak so contemptuously of the a bilities and acquirements of others, who prate so pompously and pedantically, (please loan us the use of the word a moment,) about "a knowledge of the English Grammar as connected with the principles of matter and thought," miht be expected to be masters of composition. But, alas! instead ofthe flowers of rhetorick, Ave gather the henbane, detrac tion. In search of the brilliant flashes of wit, and the lively strokes of genius, we find nothing but fulsome rant, and the Ebullitions of malignity. Instead of logical reasoning, and demonstrative conclusions, we are put off with dogmatical assertions, unsupport ed and incapable of beingsupported by facts. In stead of coming out openly and manfully in your defence, ("for your situation calls loudly for defence,") you crouch down between contradictions,, and hide your faces behind ambiguities, that you may, if possible, avoid being eye-witnesses of publiek scorn. Can you not see, what is so evident to every one else, that your grammatical acquirements, of which you make so vainglorious a parade, arc of no practical avail ; that they are as useless furniture to your minds, as we should suppose them to be to your "storehouses," the "prisons ?" 'Tis almost unmer ciful to exhibit to you the deformity of your offspring; for it is no doubt, a child of self-love, which it has cost you many a thoughtful Any and sleepless night to torture from your sterile crania. You have ran sacked all Billingsgate for opprobrious appellations and epithets, with yhich to calumniate men, pleasure with duty ; and it is equally our pleasure to show you the awkwardness and fitilitv of your attempts at exculpation, ai I our duty to ex:,ose BENJAMIN SWUM. WM. KEVNOf,'). AN ADDRESS 7 0 the people, of Xorth-C t rolim, on the tvds of slave ry. By the fnca'h of liberty and equality. (Continued from Ko. 42.) In the Constitution --'-of Delaware, though a slave-holding State, they are fully set forth thus: "Throu-th divine goodness ALL men have bi nature the rights of worshipping :u,jj serving their Crertor accor ding to the dirties of their own consciences ; if en joying and defending I i ft. liberty; of acquiring and protecting ml ition and property ; and in g?nertli of ;. attaining objects sutHblc to thfirsi'niiithyt-Uiout ' iwirnv or ovk to avotuf.r." And""aDeclantion ofthe rights of the citizens of North-Carolina, which, by the 41, $rcti'i of our Co ri runov, is declared, to he a part of the Constitution of this State, ay?Vi ' Section ID: "That At.L menVivc a natural and unlf ' . alienable richt t worship Almighty God, acordig to the dictate': uf t;iim?. owv eosriErr.;.'V Wbih olhrr parts of 'he ab,ov.u .mentioned ' Declaration of' ' lyitoya..w4JI a-r-sotne ii.t4it!aji$.-.rif -.tljiHCtcn r? -Urn era! .fcspnfb, VuS to . thoT in a very high degree, ." the conflicting inihieiee -of humanity "and prejudice " -m the Couucil jua..Cc..ki;;A . .'The -3-1 f iiiclivn. of our Declaration of AVg.', w Inch, as we have shown above, is a part of our C. r )'! ili-m, savs that, "No heredil eniolu me "The very head and front of whose (.Tending, Hath this extent," they gave public intimation that a fraud was going on; of which fraud you have gratuitously acknowl edged yourselves tlie authors. However, in conclu sion, we bid you he of good courage, and inflict on the publiek another series of assertions and ambigu ities; fdV, though "sincere endeavors are never hope less," yet (hat "merit," of which nobody is conscious but jibe "ppsitssors , may ,i48iu:i,e?iSlju.Uji:. .decjojLl Mo ir c 'Tr;Xvo ?' IFif a.Ti ildT ' o"f jp o-t vv;Tii Ii fi " 0 iSi rx es 1 1 . privilege, or Honors ougiit to be granted or conferred in this Slate," And by a pari) v of reao'iing it may and on dit to be sail, that "No c.iioln,if iits or pri-digs," the right f en joy which, being ve-ted hi the individual orindivid. uals possessing litem, bv the law of nature,' "ougiit to he taken away hi any cake, either in this or any oth er Slate in a hereditary manner." But are not both these rules violated in this Slate' The sou or daughter, in this State, falls hir to all, or a pfpor tionahle part of the "rVr sitrds" belonging to ho estate of his or- her Father; and that too I without any bequest or other instrument of conveyance, ex? cept the mere provision contained in the Law of the state." And this principle of' descent is heredil:iry principle. Now if the. .circu-iisiance. ..of. one mail, holding another in absolute slavery, and of enjoying all the benefits of his sweat and toil, are "emolu ments and privileges," then it must be granted that the"AereJ-i7frr emoluments and pricu'egrs" conferred in this state are many, very many, notwithstanding 4he --constitution of --the-sfaie to the--contrary; And our "common ;no," which is a primary ingredient in the. "law of the laud," mentioned 'in Section 12, of our declaration of rights, is said to be founded on "reason and the divine law," and is held to ac quiesce in them -in every-instance,- any former usagQ or decision to the contrary notwithstanding The common law of this state, must .therefore ac quiesce in the provisions set forth in the law of na ture, in all cacs, w hen the "law of the land" is not rendered otherwise by some statute or special act passed either by the General Assembly of $orth Carolina, or by Congress; and that too, according to the Constitution of our State, or of the United States, as the case may be, since the law of nature is evidently a divine law, and as such, must be suppo sed to harmonize with all other laws of divine origine; as it would he absurd to suppose two divine principles, opposed the one to the oth'ir. The law of nature, the law of reason, and consequently the common law of tins Stale, (as wo have shown,) all declare liberty to he the "birth right" of every human being. Now it is a well known, and universally acknowledged point in law that every man standi acquitted until the contrary appears in good and lawful evid nee ; or in other words, that the Law presumes every man to be in nocent, or clear from any alleged charge, &c. until the same be proved by good and lawful testimony, Let us then briefly examine our slave system with respect to this particular. There is. one man claim ing to hold another as his slaver.wUiHf (ann, the al leged slave is not disposed to adrn.it,;juw;&jii thf$ trial for liberty, on whom should, ; the weight f evidence rest? Wc answer according to the, above principle, it should always rest on the claim ant. This opinion is fully corroborated by the sen timents of the honorable George Wythe, one of the signers ofthe Declaration of American Independence, and since chancellor in Virginia ; who bid down as a general position "That whenever one ptrt6n rlaims to hold another in slavery, the oxis l Ron.vxri (burthen of evidence) ''lies on the claimant. 'J' hi sentiment, he continues, "is strongly inculcated m our political catechism, the bill of rights, and ac cords with that self-evident principle which mnkes liberty the birth-right of every human being'' S n tinients like tht'S'e are honorable foey are the nativo sentiments of an uncorruptc I undcrxtandingpnd a mind superoir to avroiee and selfishness, Le. From the view we have taken of the subject, it follovrq that in the supposed trial for liberty referred to. the alleged slave has only to plead, (not to. prove,) that he is a human being, born free according to the invariable law of nature; amd that he had not, at any time, either forfeited or relinquished his title thereto. Now it devolves on the person claiming to prove that the alleged slave is .not .a humin Iting ; that the law of nature does not entitle every human -tiarg to Idrfrty, and that the allcyal slave, k 01 of those tunate creatures for whom it nns matle no gra- ,r i. win.,,- - .. . LiV r ...... ...... -"i-tvr.'- t::v- twu' r.-iMft itv Jtwrt 1 1 V iSj-i t . I ..,.,,-V.,

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