Newspapers / The Greensboro Patriot (Greensboro, … / July 8, 1835, edition 1 / Page 1
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IP ASTJEnOD Wo : ' .... f . ' " ' (BJEJE 4 T HE lGt 0 RA A T AND DEGRADED OF E V$R Y AATIONOR CLltE MUST BE ENLIGHTENED BEFORE OUR EAR! H CAN HAVE HONOR IN THE UNIVERSE" . fi I ' "r fcREENSBOROUGH, N. C.: WEDNESDAY, JULY 8, 1835. VOLUME VI. NO. 52. WHOLE NO. 312 wV rwrfeTsm .not meet thi concurrence of a rnafrity of-the peo- THE PATIllUl pie, and thiugh he would cheerfdy sabmit to the t ;,nJ ,iH nnMiWpd vvffUlv hv ' determinate of a majority here, Je question would Is printed and published Weekly ny pr-snt itetf Uder Very difYet-ertt f cuTnfetatices wherr WILLIAM SWAIM, u ehr..lrl hi mmtttcA tn hit anrid nrivileees as one At two dollars per annum, payable within three months ; o he frec izen of a free BtatH lie thought the gentleman fjom Halifax erred in sipposing that his u i?itPrf the first number, or three dollars UUIII til - - will beinvariably exacted immediately after the expira tion of that period, liacli subscriber will be at liberty to discontinue at any time within the first three months from the time of subscri Uinv. bv Davinc for the numbers received, according to the r.otmtriiclior ot the act was a aiection upon general assenbly. Four-fifths ofthe constitutions of I our 6ister 6&tes recongnize a men greater aisparuy of nuinberbetween the two brjehes of the legisla ture (Kan hrl been assumed bvihe committee. In the above terms; but no paper will ne disconUnueo until I j.ne ti proportion of Ihe jnate, to the popular all arrearages are paid. A failure to order a discontinuance within the year, will sub ject the subscriber to payment for the whoie of the sue ceedtng year, at the rates above mentioned. A year's subscription will be ascertained by the numbers nf the naDer and not bv calendar months. Fitty-two numbers will make a year's subscription; and in the same proportion for a shorter timer -Those who may become responsible for ten copies shall re ceive the 11th gratis.-.n allowance ot ten per cent, will also be made to authorized agents for procuring subscri bers nnd warranting their solvency or remitting the cash. ADVERTISEMENTS, Not exceeding 12 lines, will be neatb inserted three times tor one dollar; & twenty-five cents for each succeeding publication: those of greater length in the same propor tion. All lettet-s ana communications to the editor, on business relative t-tt- paper, must be post-paid, or they will not b' itumltd t". ' t7"Every subscriber will be held strictly to the letter of 'the above -terms, " without variation or shadow of tuning." Let no one deceive himself by making cal culations uvo'' our indulgence. -VO 7' ;-(' A It 0 L ISA . "Let wisdom through her council! reignt And hrr't shall be her fieofiie's gain.' Si A E CON YEN 1 lOiN. Monday, June 5lh. Gov, Swain 6aid, that he was very far from sup posing that the gentleman from Greene was disposed to shrink from a discussion of (his question with him or any other gentleman He attributed his course to r. very different motive. fo the gentleman "'from-' Halifax (Gov. Branch be must be permitted to say, that be was perfect i aware, that as chairman of I he committee it was he doy to explain and !utaiu the report. It would w recollected however, that immediately on its intro duction, belore any opportunity of explanation . oflertd to him, its r ft renre to n committee of tin whole, accompanied by a notice, that on this morn ing he would propose to strikeout 1 20 and insert 100 in the second article, was m.ide by trie gentleman from Greene. The high opinion which he enter -tamed of his ability to do justice to any cause he advocated, had ad.noimhed him, not rashly to thurst himself into the front of tlie content, but quietly en de-n or to maintain the ground which the gentleman from Greene had been pleased to asngn him. The committee had just been favored with the views ot tl -gentleman, in support of his motion, and he v. S.) would now proceed to consider them, and i -port, in the order prescribed for him. would say with perfect sincerity, that if he his own heart, no gentleman hi this ebnveu- r v its deliberations witn less oi party or i(t: or more anxious to terminate for- ;deiences bet'veen the two sections of the at fie. tH-ii hei He trusted indeed hC was "tonh- dent, t: hi a correspondent feeling influenced the Ci i i bod v ""of th '"cbhVeiiriOn, and yet he was Dot "wHh"t anrebensiwns as to the result. The utmost coition and circumspection were indispensable to ft i py terntination of our labors, and if passion and pr judice are permitted for a moment to assume the rem-, incalculable injury inigni result irom u. We have convened, said gov. S. under the provis ions of an act of assembly, which defines and limits I buttol. ose who dissent from was disprfed to con- Lvery iew he en- tb H. our powers, and he did not hesitate to say, that he differed entirely from the gentleman from Halifax with respect to its Cunstiuction and the consequent obligations which it imposes upon us. Every pro vision in it is obligatory , not simply berause the le gislature enacted it, but because the people had rat e,j ,:J a tair construction of the act as it Appears of rec rd, justified and requtitd the proportion be tween the senate and the hbue of commons -which the committee had assumed, it was idle to urge ihat individal members did not 6o intend. Other gentle men must construe the obligation imposed by the act and by the oath, for lhemsevesf but tor one, be should regard a substantial depar'ure fiom the relative proportions it prescribed, as a violation of the .compart, .lie believed that the interests of the whole state weulu be nest s.uhs rved b) t ie adop-i tion of the number proposed by the ..committee. It was our solemn duty however, to settlr this contro versv, and he-was prepared therefore, it such should be tne win oi ine inajoutyT to aeq-uiesct in thesekC' i lion of 34 and 90, th lowest nutnbers recpitrnzi d in Ithe bi!l or of 'the inteiodi'a'e numbers between these, and 50 'and 120 ivent n grea liS'liffentior nranch, wfc as 25 to 1 86, orJi 7; INew Mamshire, 12 to 230 jr 1 to nearly 20; Massachusetts, 50 to 561, orf to 14; in Rhode ld, 10 to 72. or 1 10 7; in Virgina the proportiotj 4s about 1 to 4, and in the ne constitution just adpted by Tennessee, i ." . -Ill 1 to 3. r was Bcarcet necsary 10 sweu exam ples. If timbers gave r weigh! to the descisions of the comrpif, prartyigmtfeftd wisdor woul4 impart Uno less degree toie determinations of the senate 1 " He agried with the gentleriri from Greene, that 30 was nit too large a numbejfor the senate, but he differed entirely from the opi on, that principles of economy-demanded a propor mably smaller house of commins. It was said lc ie a bad rule which would nd work both ways, liypu reduce one, re duce boh. Neither curtailjent is necessary. In 1820, trr population of this tate was f39,000; in 1830, 735,000; in 1850, a roportiorraU . increase would yeld nearly a millic Were 170 persons too numerous a representati' of a million cf inhabi tants Would the expense incident U legisla lative btdy of 170, be toogr: ous to be borne by a TurHtoiuf people I Gov. 3. said that he was ware that discuwion here shjuld begin and end v- i the act of assembly, under f nich, we' were calle together . tni tlemanlrom .Urecne, how r; bar attempted to show tfat a compromise ma by the general assem bly wai neither liberal nor e. His argument will iO fon to the people, whojvill ultimately decide ihmiAfinn. and it i orordthat it shoutu oe ac . compHid by the views oi his opijions. For himself, real nfthiria here oi elsewh iertaird, as to the relativeivantages winch would be denved by each seclioiil Uie stale, was at uie -ervici of all who Jesired tin the convention or out f it. ' HeVaid be doubted whjer the principles of com romie, which would he met the concurrence of he gotleman, were, onti whole, as favorable as noe adopted hy the diral assembly. Uovern- rtwere instituted alrrg men, tor the protec n j life, liberty and riierty. His notions of the beau ileal ot a representee government ws perfect rclefti n to persons inle branch and to property n thnother. I he greatwitest m the Virginia cou- venliio was upon thiirinciple, and those whp 'nainhined it were denficed s aristocrats withiu hat host aristocratic s. Individuals more dem- ocralc -tnan nimseu, i peruaps noi ies bw umu somof his constituentsjemanded white population as lip basis of represe tion in both houses. J he .nly objection he. had toa principle which we are requred to adopt, is th ibstitution ot federal num. ber m while populatiiq n the basis of tbe house of connjnons. - lb those among his ftds who doubted the neces sity which exists for tbotection of property in oue braich, begged leao submit the consideration of a tingle fact. If rqd be had to the imaginary ijne so long regarded if peratintt.eastern and west ern,interests, there wife found 37 counties coruti 4ting tb former and aounties the latter., section. Dijidejhe amount of ation for 1833, paid by each s ectio ifi ( t he sta ie," Kte iiumbe'r of wliite "souls It costairis, agreeably to jcensus of 7 830; aridit will be found that each te person in the eastern countis pays into tne Isury something more than 14 teds, while in the pern counties, the propor tion isjless than elevenpts. I h se who contnb utp, slould have propmnate control in the distri- Under the otohstitution, thev have this ano liore. 11 iliey pvciiu, uej xuhuhli mioic thnIG, and hence thcessity of change. It is truelhat the vices oJ p nmunity will influence the ratio of representatK but as billiard tables are fouw only in eastern ntie?, the objection might beirged with more by others than the gen I The question wa? put on the motion to strike out Irom the resolution fixing the number of which the dilate was propose to consist, the word fifty and itegafived withot a division. The question then came before the committee for striking out the words one hundred and twenty from tie resolution prescribing the number of the house cf commons. The president (r. Macon) rose & delivered his sentiments pretty mieh at large on the surject; but fiorp his distance froiji the reporter, and owing to the Uw tone of voice in hich he spoke, he wasery im pprlectly heard. In relerring to the compromise which itis understood was n)ade by members from the east ern & western part cf the state at the session of the Ifgislature which pasted the act calling the-confcn-Jin, he expressed hisdisapprpbation of all compro nise and concealmenti. He disapproved of any plan of internal improvemejits in which the, government wjts to lake any part. A1I improvements of this kind, hf said, ought to be thl work of individualsf as they ciuld always have it lone at a cheaper rate than government. In noti ing a remark which had fallen horn 6ome member, d rogatory to the character of t is state, he said, for lis part, lie had never seen a slate in which he had ther live than in North-Carolina, nor any, wheretthe people were in general rtore happy. There night not be so many two and ftur-horse carriages ationgst them, but there were tdenty of good horses. !Nor so many splendid hou ses; but the people generally had comfortable dwell lags and good plantations. The term Farmer he fud, was seldom heard in North-Carolina, and he vta glad of it, as it aiwiys indicated to him a state of tenantry he preferred the term planter, which conveyed to his mind moe c independency & plenty. Mr. M. did not apprcyp of tbe proposed plan of amending the constituln,! and read a resolution which he said he wrote it home on the subject, but in so low a tone that we iofld not distinctly bear it. We believe it pfppoied:ifTiifer:the:ho1e:iabject:ttt.: committees to be appomiH in each county by the next general assembly. rr presume he 13 opposed to biennial sessions of the) legislature, as he quoted the following matim from Or. Jefferson: "where an nual elections end, ty ran ny begins." In the course of his remarks, Mr. M. observed that he believed all changespf government were from better to worse. Gen. Wel.born said, the Question before the rom nntttewas on strtking-out tit words one hundred and twenty, (ot the purpose of inserting on hundred, lie trusted this "motion wold not br agreed to, the word fifty having been re ined in the proposition fixing tht number of membe 1 for the senate, it would be proper to confirm ihe nui ber of one hundied and twenty reported for the nunber of members in. tbe house of commons. These lumbers ere the high est prescribed in the act of Assembly passed at the Ia6t session, which were fixeupon by way of com promise between the eastennnd western members. sufficiently favorable the eastern" members was accepted by the er than any would be agreed to. ommittee to rise and the convention might tlei an trom Greef e. 1 1 11 conclusion, ce tne compromi Mictioned by the per i' v? the aid, he was willing to 1 pe ered by the legislature, ano if ihe duties of this, con- ettion, should be jo-jtnd wisely performed. It interest ot Virctions of the state that this -iDuld be doiie, and tl terminate forever, a boo leU controver-y whicipnvulstd the colonial as sernbly ot 17461 and hfeen the, bane of legislalibn e'er cince. I , ; He said, there was ne who deprecated more ban huns-elf, the we kin unlimited convention; Rut he assured getitljrrj that if, by any arrange. scnts of larger counlesj bothaec'tions of th states or, if from any caujfe gt ing out of the peculiar tTiiiic.iple upon whih ttbbnvention is constituted, iniustice shall be dtff . tiny large portion of the LTiih -s Ins opinions uuder? co(n.munity, the strti$;le which we are involved, thaifge, luHvVfirhe- wtu4d-ol' yild will notlermihaie;-l r. . 1 etttjtcjBjc.fiiedi? T any numbers w It kh did not prese rve the The.general eiiseii;jil ,wll.itnpel the !ppple The numbers were not Iboue to the west, but it was all ib.i were witling to acceue to an west.. This number of onehjndred and twenty for the house of commons, he bejeved, would suit both the eastern and western mehbers other. He hoped therefore Judge Daniel wished the report progress, tp order tha order to be printed certain alculations which had been stated to the commttteoas to the effect which 120, 100 and some other nuiber for the house of commontj would have upon fe. several counties. This was objected to by fera) members as unne cessary, and caicuiaiea tor iotraci me decision of the question,' that every manner would make his - t i u W . I M ....... u . . own calcuUtions and aCprdiDgly. , Judge Daniel, after somebther remarks on the subject, withdrew bis pro posion. Mr. Uobson said,- tie cam o the convention, in order to unite with the aiemlrs from all parts of tbe state to carry into eflect in iod faith, the objects prescribed in the act of (he 1st session. As it had been determined to have 50 Kmbers in the senate, wtiicb was the utmost limit o the act, he was in fa vor of voting for 1 20 in the be of commons, rlad the senate been fixed at 34, h should have been in favor of 90 in tbe house of common?; though he would have preferred 40 metiers in the senate and about 110 in the house, of connons. As these cor responding numbers bet weel the two bouses were those which had been fixed uon by the parties who were instrumental in passing ihe law under which be convention sat, he hopxl le numbers would be agreed upon without opposilid,. Gen, Speight advocated at me length his motives for striking put the words oni h undred and tzutiUy, for the purpose of insert! g on hundred, and eudm vored to shew, from calct latios which he adduced, that 100 members for th( hout1 of commons would be a more suitable number tha 120, and that he felt himself authorized to prcposetny number oi mem bers for the house within tie lists of the -act. It had been eaid, that unless the ponvntion would, agree to nx ine numoer oi iu menoenoi toe house ot con mons, 50 having been agreed upn for the senate, the west would not accept of Ihe pustitution. He took this occasion of stating, once fojf.ll, that m threat ;ot this kind would prevent him fcm performing what he believed to be his duty. Hwauld take the con sequences of his course b wriihejhfnay Mffltft4flffllivg-f;reei who ingpn . constitution which: has fixed the habits of the popt, land that these feelings ought to be consulted in every .step that is taken. If 120 was fixed as the number j or tne nouse ot commons, h& would enurnrat' up i wards of twenty counties that would each he depri ved of a member. This was not all. They would have no representative in the senate, j Gen. S, observed; that it had been remarked by i the gentleman from Buncombe, in the view which he' , had taken of the minner in which many of the gov jernments of the states are formed, that their senates consist of a smaller number of members than that fix led upon by this body for our senate in fu'ure. Does not the tentleman know that most of hese sen iles are not like bur legislature, but merely exercise revi sory powers, and are judicial tribunals in the last re sort. There is not therefore the samq necessity that exim with us for a large number, Oor f rm of gov ernment differs from most of the governments north of the Potomac. In the north, they have small sen ates and large houses of -representatives Iu-'-tbir-south, the number of -the senate is much larger, and possess atl the legislative powers of the other house. bime remarks had been made in relation to the present condition of North Carolina, winch had been very properly noticed by the venerable president of the convention. H" asked in what recpert had the state been disgraced? He hid always, felt proud, whetlter al home or abroad, of being called a North" Carolinian here he wished to live, arid here ti breathe his last. Look at our judiciary; it our laws, at our university, which stands on a footing equal to any otbei institution in our sister states. He could see no reason, therefore, why any gentleman, repre senting Ihe interests of North Carolina should thug speak of her. He looked ou such representation with disgust. The gentleman from Wilkes had spoken of the great emigrations which t ike place from this tte. If be was correctly informed," they are iquailv treat fro'iti South :troinffjf2e.uJ..tald he ct utd feif the. gentleman what caused these great emigrations. "-It was the sales of the public lauds which proriicd them. And the gentleman and his friends maymakej wha internal improvements they please i'i tht state t.ey will have no effect. in sloppi g emiratisiiwhile. the land saleH continue. m . 1,,, With respect to internal improvements, nrindivi dual was more desirousof '''encouraging iltieiona improve nerrt than himself, b : he was agi'srlcuga- giog in any '-large &rtd xtraaeant fbrrel for4 this purpose by the government. It inp isiblc that this statft coud-yie witlv the stale of jVr w .York-: m improvement. Nature hi thrown ob;fledi our ea-Coasts that cannot be overcome. It is true we have a good harbor t Deaufort; buto mat- a rail-road from thence to the mountains yould If in curring an expense that could never be paid br Ibe intercourse betwt n these distant p 'ions o . ihf i country. There might in the course of timel be large quantities of produce and gondii of different kinds, carried on the road; but there would be but few passengers, and it is well knowit that witfout these no rail-road can be sustained. Nor did he think that the proposes amendmenllfo I the constitution would be the mean of edectmg he luiciimi iiupiuvcuicuis wuicu geniirmtii seem lo . pect. He could tell them what hw prineipally tr- vented improvements from being successfully carrid on in this state. V'e had conianlly attempted o do too much. ; On this ground it was, that he opposed the systen, Me was wen aware, that there was not only an east era and western interest in the legislature, but theril was a Uoanoke, a Cape I ear. and a Ntue interrsj so that whenever any public improvement was pro! posed in one section of the state, it could not be cai r i e d w i thou t c onsen ting t o Uir o d uc e pTjt'aot1 er parts. It was this species of lo. rolling (bat ha prevented any thing from teing eff improve the-state;'-5 Gen. S, concluded hij remarks, with calcllation in justification of the number which he propped f 'the future house of commons. . f Gov. Swain was p-rfectk awaTe that some eftl) senates in the northern states exercised a judicial! well as a legislative power; but he could see no re; son why, on this account their bodies should be le numerous than others who had not that power nnl irf tho inrNnciolAHAn I' 1 1 a I gentleman frorq Greene, who had said he was i favor ot fifty, the largest number proposed for t! senate, because it came, nearest to the preseht'nu'i ber of that hod); but when, the fiumber of the hmi of commons came to be fixed, he was oppo,Fd 120 members, (the largest number prop ped) in th house, though that of course came the nearest the present number of that body. The gentleman also complained, that if the nur ber of the houe of commons was fixed at I20i, tl many of. the counties, Would be "deprived "of o. member but he ought to have known, that if 1 was adopted ?s the number, there would be still me in that itaauon,)ind if 100 was fixed upon, the huif Der would oe luriher increased. Gov. S. went into a variety of calcuijn show the propriety ol fixing the number ir of commons at 120 in preference to anyy . : , .. . - tneTTrtneiiUinber ot tne senate i&& hxed at 50, To adopt any smaller n- house,' would destroy the proportrcw to!ore been agreed upon by gettt
The Greensboro Patriot (Greensboro, N.C.)
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July 8, 1835, edition 1
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