VOL. XT.
G11EENSBOROUGII, N. V., OCTOBER 22, 1858.
'
PUBLISHED WEEKLY
J1Y SWALM & iUEUWOOD.
TE&XXS ; $2.00 a year, in advimoo ;
month, from date of tubteription.
One dollar SBfHMluaro ftiheea linen) forth hirt
reek, and twnty-n34.t for every week' there-
or of tauiliiijj alver
ieueute a follow :
.'.; 3 MONTH.
One square, S3.&0
Two squares, 7 -(Ml
Three " (Jcol.) Iv.Ou
Hall column, . . I.fl0
6 MOKTH9.
tu.oo
15.00
1 VICAR.
558.00
14.00
2U.U0
35.00
25.00
' GRecxsnonoiJCiii
Jlutnal Life lasnraoc e & Trust Company.
71 WIS Company', a its hame indicates, ia upon
I Uie sjkmW principle, and embrace two distinct
'departmeuta, U wrt : Lilo -Insurance ami Trust de-
Jiarimeul. Thi attractive combination oilers to
olicy holder double the ordinary security, without
destroying their right to a lull participation jit the
entre profit of the Company, I'remium will be
weivel, hi cash, either annually, semi-annually,
r quarterly, as may be agreed upon at the timet I
4'ulicy ia issued.
In the TRl'ST DEPARTMENT. or Deposit Sy
tern, the payment made to the Company are en
tirely optional With the Depositor, a regard the a
inoitiit and the time at winch they are made. A
party may pay hi a much or an little, (not less than
one dollar,) and a often, a? may be convenient Iflr
Kim, without any obligation upon him to continue
hi paymeut, and may withdraw them at hi plea
ure: .'.-'.
tie that, on the plan of thi Company, there is
created at one and the name time an assurance yiy
able at death a fond avatUU m $vjtne aud a pro
tuicm fur old age.
HTSee Pamphlet furnished by the Company.
OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY.
Director Ralph Gorrell, Lyndon Swaim, John
A. Gilmer, f. r Caldwell, Richard Greene, David
McLean, Richard Sterling, John M. Logai., L. Y.
Weir, E. W. Ogburn, Robert M. Moan, Robert '.
Dick, Henry B. Elliott.
Prtsultnl Ralph Gorrim.l.
Vu JHruidtut- Lyndon Swaim.
v Secretary and Treaurer D. -P. Weir.
fromey -John A. Gilmer.
" tlmmiMHg Physician Edwin Wauon,M. D. .
Consulting ?kyu:uii-V C. Mebaue, M. D.; J.
L. Cole, M. D.; 0. P. Weir. M. D.
. General Agent- William H. Cumming. -
tlTAny information relative to the Company may
be bad by addressing ! P. WEIR,
Jan. 2, 1853.1 . Secretary aud Treasurer.
GREENSROROUitll
IHTTUAL INSURANCE COMPANY.
rpilE cost of Insurance on the mutual plan is but
I a small um, compared with a joint slock com
pany. Tli lit company being located in the Western
part of the Nate, continently much the laryr por
tioned the risks are in the West, very many ol winch
are in the country.
The Company i entirely free from debt ; have
made no assessments, aud have a very large amount
in cash aud good bouds, and i therefore confidently
recommended to the public.
At the last Annual Meeting the following Officer
were elected for the ensuing year :
JAMES SLOAN, President.
8. ti. COFFIN, Vice Prettettt.
C. P. MEN DEN HALL. Attoruev.
PKTEK ADAMS,.Sec y and Treasurer.
DIRECTORS.
James Sloan,' (
Dr. J. A Mebane,
C P. Meudeuuall,
Wm. S. Kaukiii,
llev. C'F. Deems,
James AL Garrett,
Jed. II. Lindsay,
V . J. McCouuell,
Greeueboruugh.
K. F. Lilly,
Wadesborough.
W. P. Moore,
Newbern.
H. H. Harwell,
Henderson.
J. L. Bridges,
Turborough.
W. H, CLAIMING,
(itnertd Agent.
May 10, 1853.
Dr, S. G. CotTin,
Jamestown.
William A. Wnyht,
Wilmiiigtoti.
l)r. C Walk ins,
Carolina
oileire.
John t. Shaver,
Salisbury.
John U. Cook,
Fayetieville.
J.J. Biggs,"
Raleigh,
Robert E. Troy,
Liiiulertoii.
Dr. Kob't il Scutes,
Leuo.v Caalie.
PKTKR ADAMS,
Secretary
"Air. . y.
NOTICE TO NORTH CAROLINA AND
- VllfOINlA MERCHANTS.
STEVENSON & WEDDELL,
IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS OY STAPLK AND
FANCY DRY GOODS
f PCi-VRSOIIAii, Va ,
NOW olfer to the trade a large and commannd
ing assoniuent ol Ilrltlali aud C'outiucif
tat CiatMlK, together with a laro tock of Io-
lueatlc 1'ttbrlca, purchased before the rucutit
advance in prices. .
"'- Merchant are respectfully Invited lo call aud ex
amine our'assoiimeul, a we teel coutident we can
otter a great inducement to purchaser a cuu be
found iu this or on other marlut
iN. B. Orders promptly ulteuded to. , i
September 17th, 1893. , J
A CHEAT UaUCiAIlV CA"V III'. H AD. j
fpHE subscriber wishes to eell hi Tract of Land .
X. in the county ol Surry, N. C, three miles South-,
Eat of Mt. Airy, ou Rutjedge and .Ned Cam. creeks,, !
Containing 82d acre, more or less, about 75 acres'
cleared laud and iu a good ataM of cultivation ; i
wine 35 or 40 acres beiug gotid bottom land with i
hue meadows on it. . ' !
'Jlie improvements consist of a good dwelling j
house, k lichen, Biiioke-Uouse. bfattkMnith-abop,
barn, stable, eta. Also a very line orchard- !
Persons wishing to buy laud in this part oi ine
country would do well to look at ihe tract of land
above mentioned, as 1 am determined to eell and,
will sell a great bargain. Isaac Arintield,. Esq .
will show the land to any person wishing to look at
it, aud he is alao authorized to sell tbesame. Terms
accommodating. v F. L. tiOllKKLL. '
Winston, N.C., Aug. 1, 1853. . 74l::3m
iw8. ;
FALL AND WINTER GOODS.
rpHK Undersigned are now receiving the largest
- X STOCK OF GOODS their line that they have
lever offered to the trade, conaisting of a-very exten
.eive assortment of DRY GOODSf HARDWARE,
11AT8. CA PS, BOOTS, VHOGS, k READV-MA DE
CIjOTHINO. To whicti they invite the attention of
I heir old customer and wholesale bnyer g
' --".'' - HAU. k SACKK'I
Fayetteviile, Vug. 70, 1853.
Wo have just received a fresh supply of new and
which, Vddtfd to our prevjoily large and extensive
j?M....1
a
:!i"iwi'in
tiiit
will enable n to ext-cute in a superior style, nucl
printing as may be called tor. We t an now, With j
the Utmost confidence, assure the public ol our abil
ity to compete in j
STYLE AND BEAUTY
with any otlice in 'bis purl of the country. In out
late purchase we have had an especial eye to the
printing ol ine
.1 GUwAi iX
I
Our friends and (He public generally are solicited to
SEND IN THEIR ORDERS,; j
nd they shall be promptly attended to.
Jail. ma. s iiiu 0k, Dniiin .rv. '
tVKn assortment of the best qnidities of Pam-,
phiet, Cap, and l-eiiei PAPER, for jobs, on hantl .
IV. '. POnTEll,
DEALER IV
Dmp, Medicine. l'ulnf, OIH, if.,
HAS just received and opened a laige assortment '.
of Druji and Medicines, coinprising every ;
article usually called for in thi market. Alo, a.i
excellent lot of I
Choice Perfumery, j
consisting of Cologne, Pomades. Extracts for tla id'
kercliiets, Powders, Naps, 4cc . kc. Also, the fi- (
nest Brand ol Clgni H ever olh'red iu ll.is market. '
Call at the sign oi the Golden Mortar, Eat Street.
Greeut-borougu. N. C. ,
October 7tti, 1853.
T. J. PATRICK,
WHOLESALE & RETAIL DRUGGIST,
caiEFAKIIUUOl'CII, X. C .,
IS receiving fresh accessions to tiis Stock of Drucs, i
medicines, Paints, tills, Varnishes, Dye-Siutls, ;
Glaxsware, Biushee, Peitume, Patent medicit.es.'
&.c, already the triost extensive aud complete ever '
ottered in litis market. '
Physicians and others will find it to their interest i
to call at hi Drug Store on Wet street, where he
will endeavour to lurm-ti ttiein with every'hiny in hi
line ol business, ou the most reasonable terms. i
Physicians and larnily precription carefully enm
potuuled at all hiurtltii) cr viUt 1
Punctual attention t(ien to orders from a distance
COOPER, LIPPINCOTT, COFFIN & CO ,
(Late Murphy, Cooh:r & Co.)
Wholesjile Dealers iu
Foreign and Domestic Dry Goods, :
A'o. 34 Aorti Third Strttt,
Opposite the City llolel, riiiladelj liia.
ciiAKi.r. . (XM)rt.u, iiA r. okiii., sii.iiun cuhin
M. v. LiPHiNt-vn, (7i)K::lv) ianh:i. mukpiiv
J. B.
grAKii.
STARR
J. M. WILLIAMS.
& WILLIAMS,
VIIOLALIi DKAI.l-.KS
Dili
;ooo,
BOOTS, SHOES, 'HATS, CAPS, UMBRELLAS,
AND
Eeady-Made Clothing:,
HAY "STUKET, FAYLTTEVILLE, N. 0.
May, 2853. . iift::ly
WORTH & ELLIOTT,
(Successor lo J. D. Williams.)
Forwarding and J o ui iu I h I o n
iMEKCllAMS,
FAYETIEVILLE, N. C.
t. k. WOHTM. w. V. ELLIOTT.
roitw.tKiii vi co.iiMis.siox
MERCHANT,
W ILJII N 0 T 0 N , N . C .
It. M. OUKLLL,
tiiiiniaioa mid ForvarIiii
MERCHANT.
J. ). 1'OE,
DEALER IN STAPLE AMD FANCY
DRY GOODS,
HAY STREET, FAYETIEVILLE, N. C
July 23d, 1853. ' 73Si::tf.
MICHAEL TP.-T,
WHOLESALE DEALEU IN
Confectionary Fruits and GrOCCliCS.
No. lOtMurkct sit., all. Cth .oo. Side,
NEXT DOOR TO RKD LION HOTEL,
nilUADELFJIIA, Pknn.
EFLAND & W00DBURIJ,
FASUipAULE TAILOR IS,
South Street,
JOIIY I.. COI.r.. having permanently
located iu Greensboro , otfeis his Services,
111 the various branches of h'.s Profession lo the citi
zen of Cireeusboro' add adjacent country.
January 23, 1863. 7l3tf
T. C. ALtlBKili r. R. r. AUMriLI.P.
ALBRIGHT & A KM FIELD,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
HAVING permanently locuted iuUreenaborougli.
will attend promptly to all buoiuess intrustou
10 tiieir care. January -Kith, 1853., 7 12:: ly.
ROCK ISLAM I'AlilttX'g.
Mb
I
I
4 :LAUGE supply, of these beautiful Goods has jus-' eoue points by, boring. Waa there not a war- J any vein carryiug lead or copper, which waa eit
JX. been received by the subscriber from the r act ranft then, in my inference, that we might assume, ) posed only at tfte surface, that aaJuveatiueni "
tory in Mecklenburg county, N.'C. Theyare a supo- thai these aeaiiis have a breadth equal to one not warranted, because the vein in queation may;
nor article ol Home Manuiactutej ol difterent colors,
irradeji, aoov qualities, couajeutid 01 neneja,
. ami aUNiiiivra, 11m pupucmi; ,uiiej
"vmmi ami a.wi.im:!-.. 1110 puouca.e iiiv.iet, -p. ri.eali.h in luch ireater than thaL Uaua You eaa't see howleen it extends. and therefore 1
to Uieir examination. . - ' ,. . , ; .0 - i.: i ."1.1 . .. 1..' 1 : 1. ..K....f ii l. ...1. rn.. mi unneil I llstf
eoetally. JUe.cUanuuppHed tortheiraulea titluctory pr.ee I " "' " f " .vv. L. 7 "I. ": ? j,' .... ,k- ..,i.r..V, fi..
II. i ana 011 factory terms. !.. v. i.u 1 'c 1 , v 1 ' """'".."'" ' -T--. - . ''. -'i 1
- 1 - 1. ' . . . V . 1 1..' . c 11. 1 iMiiiiitii ..r tin v mm nir r ,t, ii'Lvrvarmn . in i"x EiariKinTH. 11 na, utr vtsuiiu,iiw.'iiui..v.,i ai.w
711::tf. tirevfisbmii'. A01. ll. l.'2.J' - .1 . tfil. ' ioid iaikiiciici uvthmi else. o, wjvrva- aim rejiwt iu lite ur hii 01 uiiin, , i n?tr nim,
The Blind Boy.
An editor, from whose selections we uko the
following lines, has beautifully said that, for him
self, he could not see to read them through.
The flowers bloomed, tbe air was mild.
the little bir.ts poured iorth their lay,
In pleasant thought I wandered on
heueatb the deep, wood ample hade,
Till, suddenly, ( came upon '
Two children who had hither strayed.
Just at an ag-ed beech tree's foot
A little hoy ami girl reclined ;
His hand in hers she gently put
Aud then 1 saw the boy was blind.
The children kne'r not I wai near
A tree concealed me from their view
But all they said 1 well could hear;
Aud 1 could see all they might do.
" Dear Msry " said the poor blind boy,
"That little bird sings very long;
So, do you tee him in hi joy,
Aud is he pretty as hi song ?''
" Yes, Edward, yes, ' replied the maid,
I see the bird on youier tree."
The poor boy sighed, and gently said :
" Sister, 1 wish that I could see !
"The flowers, yon say, are very fair,
And bright green leave are on the trees,
And pretty birds are singing there
How beautiful for one who see !
1; Vet I the fragrant flowers can smell,
And I can teel the reeti leafs shade,
And I can hear the note that swell
From ti.oe dear bird that God has made.
' So, sister, God tn me is kind,
Thougli sight, alas ! he ha not given ;
But tell me are there any blind
Among the children up iu heaven V'
" No, dearest Edward, '.here all see;
Hut why ask me a thing so odd? '
,; O, Mary, he' so good to me,
I thought I d like to bivk at God
Ere I"!!:;, disease his hand had laid
On that dear boy, so meek and mild ;
His widowed mother wept and prayed
That (iod would spare her sightless child.
He felt her warm tears on bis face,
And said, " O, never weep lor me ;
I'm izoing to a bright, bright place,
Where, Mary say, 1 God shall see.
" And you'll come there, c".ear Mary, too;
But, mother dear, when you come there,
Tell Edward, mother, thut 'liyou-
You know 1 never saw you here !"
He spoke no more, but sweetly smiled,
I. mil the linul blow was given :
lien (iod took up that poor blind child,
Aud ope.ied first his eyes iu heaven.
From the Register.
Geological and Agricultural Survey.
J. My classes have been taught for years
that there are valuable deposit of coal in Chat
ham and Moore." Pro. Mitchell, A'o. 5.
2. "There can be no safe investment of capi
tal, because there is no opposite outcrop."
Prof. Mitchell, So. 8.
3. " There i no prospect of there being coal
i de poit-4w-Chaihaiiu-ltfcuit ttl herei$ jiojcoal
basin: Pro. Mitchell, ,o. 8.
Ii is not my purpose to attempt to reconcile
Prof. Mitchell's three positions. No one but him
sell run be competent to reconcile ihe contradic
tious they contain. I shall, therefore, proceed at
once to ask Prof. Mitchell what influence an out
crop etui have on the quantity and quality of the
coal within a coal-field f Suppose, for example,
that the Richmond coal-field had but one outcrop,
would the coal within it be les in quantity, than
it is with two outcrop, or outcrops upon oppo
site side ? Doe Coney beare and Phillips, ihe
work before the Professor, when writing com
munication No. 8. say that a coal-field is value
less w ben il has but one outcrop ' This doc
trine, I Van believe, can have no authority, except
that of Prof. Mit hell's. Whether ihi conjec
ture be true or not, it is not supported by fact
mid observation. There are valuable coal-fields
without any outcrop at all. Some are as flat as
a parlor tloor, and yet valuable. The cause or
causes which produce the outcrop, is totally dil-It-rent
from that which produced the coal. There
are d.flerei.ces both in time and in kind, and they
are wholly independent of each other. An out
crop, it is true, f'icilitaies discovery : it adds to
the evidence. But, will Prof. Mitchell deny the
I correctness of die position which I have taken,
thai wrier mere exists a series oi roc us, wuicu
are conformable in position, 'consisting of coal
slates, sand-slones, fire-clay, iron-stone, all con
taining the fossils, common the world over, to a
coal-field or coal-basin, and accompanied with
regular outcrop of com, also, in uniform ;jo
j nition, that all these furnish no ground for the in
leitncc that there is a valuable deposit of coal,
thut it i a true coal-field T These are the evi
dences, which the best geologists confide in and
rely upon. When these evidences exist, all geo
logists unite in saving that the evidence is suffi-
cieni in warrant me investment oi capital, anu
furthermore, that the seams of coal are extensive,
j and their extension cannot be controlled or modi
fied by the outcrop. In view of the foregoing
position, which 1 have taken, I challenge Prof.
Miti hell to cite more instances of the failure of
coal, iu those coal-field with single outcrops, than
in those with opposite outcrops. Indeed, 1 ,wjfi
go farther ; I challenge Prof. Mitchell to cite,
from his own knowledge, at this ine, a. single
instance of failure of this kind. 1 fully believe I carrying meials, are known into the solid rocks
thai ne is ignorant of a single one ; because, ifj 1,000 to, 2,000 feel, v in England and South A
be had known one, or had read of one, he would ', merica, mines have' been worked lo a. tlepih of
have fortified hi position byjlatihg it. We have, j. 1 ,500 to 1,900 feet, and yet ootexhausedL Now,
111 Ihe Chatham and Moore coal-fields, an ex ten money is Ireely invested in mine, and invested
ded line of outcrops of the coal seams, in a dis- I on the belief that they, penetrate to great depths,
tinct line of bearing, the same seams appearing ! The belief i"fouidepon what hat been aiid
at wide Intervals, aim they art penetrated at un
fu, t, Wf Rial of the coal-field ?j Especially hen,
j(, ihejrichmond coalfield, which has, the same
lion and experience are the basis of my kula.
Von ; and, if observation fails, it will be because
the coal-lield of Chatham i an exeptioii lf e
Ublished rules. '
Hut Prof. Mitchell declares he ha taught his
classes that there are valuable coal deposits in
Chatham and Moore. Ileliasuught ihi. though
he has leas lhari half the knowledge hare' ac
Idiug up false lights, when I
thing which he has taught for ;
Prof. Mitchell furthermore mean that the pub
lie shall believe thst be was the man who first
recommended the use nf the auger for testing the
coal-field of Egypt. Mr. McLane, the party con
cerned irMhis purchase, denies 1V1 tola that any
suggestion or recommendation wat ever made to
him ol the kind. But Dr. McClenahan, long he
fore thi purchase, used the auger himself with
success, and it was through his instrumentality
that the Governor recommended an appropria.
tion to carry the same means into effect through
out the whole coal-field of Chatham and Moore.
But, again, there can be no afe investment of
eapital in Chatham, says Prof. M., became there,
it no coal batin. Does Prof. Mitchell, intend lo
say there are no coal field in this country, in
Scotland. England and Wales, which are not
successfully worked, and which are not basin
shaped f Let him tell the public whether it is so
or not an.
But there U alili another view, which Prof. M.
maintains, which has a practical bearing upon
the value of the Chatham coal-field, lie says
that, according to my statement of the dip, the
seam of coal, at the distance of one mile from the
outcrop, will be over 1700 feet deep. This is a
point 1 have not overlooked. I have either slated
in my report, or have everywhere said, that the
dip diminishes as we recede from the immediate
outcrop. Now this position has been proven by
observation aud experiment. The dip within
the coal-field, instead of being 20. becomes little
or nothing.
But Prof. M. says I am wrong in insinuating,
that the force which elevated this coal-field waa
applied near its northern edge. He inaiutsins
that the strata remain in tifu, except the subsi
dence which took place during the period when
the coal formation waa being deposited. The
Professor has evidently confounded together two
distinct periods, and the circumstances which at.
tended the deposition of the coal strata. The pe
riod of subaider.ee is totally distinct from that of
the subsequent elevation. The formation i ma
rine, and its reclamation from the sea, in which
; the deposit were made, look place long after the
subsidence, which Mr. I. veil refers to.
But I do not propose to discuss a purely geo-
logical question at ibis time. I he i.nly -point of ,
importance is, is ihe coal too deep, in cousequence J
i- : A I... ... t.. ..,..... I.lo .1 ,
I Ol V COIIIIIIIieu Bicrp Ul, iu uc(.uiu, auauiu 0. ;
I the distance of 3 miles from its outer edge! 1 i
nniroil nf llii innt.tlplil and 'Vet he nrrll rttW I Kirrtimt Tnliisit am' lS imliui.t.iv.1 utw Jul nn I
have, however, answered this question. It is extends three. II a company or an individual,
proved lha the inclination ol the strata is but j however, thinks my belief too great, he may lake
trilling where Ihe auger i used at Egypt. It j up with a mile, or a quarter of a mile in breadth,
should not be forgotten that the Richmond coal j aud twenty miles in length. For the present, ei
field ha a verv ieeo continuous din, far greater! , iher is suflicient to warrant the investment ol all
than any which i known in Chatham, and yet
the seam is worked half a u. lie inside of il out
crop, and only at the depth of 800 feel. If the
coal seams of Chatham become Ha!, why may
they not be worked at the distance of 3 miles
Irom this outcrop f 11 wiil require a long period lo
reach that distance. I have always regarded the
C-hatbameoaLi AialueJarjupej-jgtJo iheRich-
mond. 1
But once more, I maintain thai Prof. Mitchell's
comparisons are inapplicable lo the case. Il,
however, a blind-folded geologist was permitted
lo examine a coal series extending from Rileigh ,
to Chapel Hill, and, at the distance of every two
miles, should find a coal seam, aix feel thick, with
its slates, its lire clay, its fossils, its sandstones,
etc., would he not, ou established keologicul prin
ciples, be warranted in saying that there was an
extensive coal field, and that the seam extended
far into the direction of dip f He might justly
say ttiis as a geologist, and yet neither a geolo
gist, nor any person, be his attainments ever so
respectable, could sy. what the contour of the
adjacent country is, or may he because, in ihe
first case, there is a rule lourided upon extensive
observation and experience ; in the other, there
is no special rule.
Lei Prof. Mitchell be consistent and not con
tradictory in his teachings and writings. Let him
cease to charge other with holding out false lights
and coloring loo highly, or with aiding others in
playing out a game of speculation, and I shall be
better satisfied with his criticisms. 1 assure him
that I shall always read In just criticisms with
pleasure ; but shall never be aileni, under charges
similar lo those which liave been made in his
former communications.
' EBENEZER EMMONS.
Geologist to ihe Stale of N. C.
Jamestown, Guilford co., Oct. 7, 1853. .
From the Register.
Geological and Agricultural Survey 4
Mr. Editor: Prof. Mitchell says that I have
givcii z Julie account of the Chatham coal-field.
1 will not be unfair to Prof. M. 1 do not pretenrJ
that he intends to call in question the accuracy of
my details, respecting the outcrop ol the coal
I seams their dip, strike, thlcknes, the relations
of the strata io each other, or their succession,
the fossils, their indication, etc.; but that my as
sumption', that the coal seam extended three miles
within the rim of the eoal field, is false. What
I staled in my report of the extent of the seams,
is a belief, and that belie! is founded upon observ
ation and experience. All our knowledge in niin
inir is founded really upon observation; Vein.
what is, . Ay person, to te sure, migni eay 01
not extend to a aufUeient depth to lurmsli Ihe a-
mount of material necessary, to make it pmhtable.
that such an uniformity has been observed with
respect to them, thai we are put in possession of
a rule, which, when applied judiciously nr a
green My known facts, makes investments sale
in ait eases, or tney may he regaidcC ss unsale in
the absence of certain facts. A knowledge f;
these raids and rules, I might say laws, makes j
the difference between the opinions of a well-ln-
flee it Riror. I jt na kniv mnpli iliniM ihom i
- " - - " . - - - -
"wii iiuivmcu mo iinuuiMi "i mo i
project, buppose. then, a rich enmpony owns
IUU0 acres, which is underlaid with the present
ine presen
ri"T
ns ut eoai.
six or seven fool coal seam. I he com
possess upon the tract. 9,800,000 tons
The calculations which have been made of all the
expenses of mining and IranspiMiatiun lo iSew
York, leave a nett profit of one dollar per ton.
Upon this basis, the compsny could afford to
build the railroad to Fayetieville. Prof. Mitchell
will not. of course, deny thai, in his belief, there
is one thousand acres of coal, for he has taught
his classes, for many years, the doctrine, that there
is a valuable coul -field in Chatham I I will
make another supposition. Suppose the conl
seams extend twenty miles along the outcrop,
and half a mile within the outcrop or edee, which
is equal in breadth to (he part of the Richmond
field, which has been proved by shafts, making
ten square miles of coal. In a square mile, there
whs be 0.5.72.00J tons ol coal ; jn ten square
miles 62.7-..0.000. But the dip of the Richmond !
seams is much sleeper than that oft, lutham. and j
yet coal is obtained by shafts sunk at one hall a
mile from the outcrop. Can the foregoing sup
position convey a falsehood lo the Legislature or
to a company, nf the value of the Chatham coal
field f Can the enterprising people of Fayetie
ville say hereafter that my account of the Chat
ham coal-field was false, in ihe face of existing
facts ! The Riehinond coal-field, with all its dis
advantages, is worked successfully half a mile
from its outcrop, and at ihe depth of 800 feet ;
and can the people of Fayetieville be exposed to
the hazard ol ridicule, by budding a Railroad lo I
Chatham, when a thousand acres of coal is sufli-!
ctenl to warrant the building of the road? It1
would not be unfair to say, that the enterprise nf
Fayetieville ahould make this road. How much
the interests of the interior counties demand this!
Bull will leave other sources of revenue from
the calculation and say it, without lear of ridi
cule on my part, for sustaining this view, or of
being charged with making false representations
by ihe public, or by sensible men, say. then
build tint road on the merit of the eoal-field !
Now, by changing the supposition that the coal-
6.I.I ....I.. k..lf. ..l ..... I. ... ll. n
uviu cAictiu .iiiij nan n unit; wiiinii ui? uuiviufi
I do not change my view or my belief, thai it
ihe capital which has as yel been thought of. If
the Legislature expected of the geologist an ex
act statement, lo a foot, of the mount nf coal in
ihe Chatham coal-field, it would have said so,
and have also furnished the mean for doing 11.
What the Legislature expected, and what sensi
ble 11.cn expect, is, thai 1 should first acquire the
facts wch are jecu!iar to this coal field, and
from these facts, express suclTan vpiiiion oTtTieihT
and furnish such illustrations of those facts, a I
deem proper, or such as will furnish a correct
view of the relations of ihe mass composing the
coal-field. It is well to remember that the Rich
mond coal-field, which has furnished a coal an 111
one-hall a mile within the outcrop, shows, tit
thai distance, no signs of giving out.
Before I close, I wish to allude once more to
Prof. Mitchell's class teachings. He says he
has taught for year's that there is a valuable coal
field in Chatham and Moore. I wish lo know
on what that doctrine is based. What does lite
Professor mean by valuable ? There can be
no doubt that he means that the coal-field ha a
suflicient amount of coal to make it valuable lor
commercial purposes, and that it is valuable, in
lite lace ol all ine utincullies am: expenses at
tending its conveyance to market. Row did the
Professor arrive at such a conclusion ? What
facts had he ascertained which would warrant it?
Il must have been a deliberate opinion, formed
in view of certain fact. It appears from hie
statement that his views really do not differ much
in this respect from others. They sre not quite
so glowing, so full of promise, yet they are still
sufficiently so to warrant the heavy expenses of
mining and transportation to nyukel, and leave a
surplus over and above all UrCse fur the remune
ration of enterprise 5 or ele he could not have
thought the coal-field valuable. Now, how
came the Professor to teach his classes the doc
trine t Tor il aeema that lie held it prior to the
visits of Professor Johnson, Mr. William and
others, and, indeed, prior to any important dis
coveries which have resulted from the sinking ol
pits aud of boring. Now,- there is no doubt
Prol. Mitchell came to the conclusion that (here
is a valuable deposit of coal in Moore and Chat
ham, from the character of the formation, and
that it was formed on grounds independent of
what e pick, tpade and auger had furnished or
discloaed. EBENEZER EMMONS.
Davidson Co., Oct. 0, 1853.
From the Fayetteville "Observer.
Prof. Mitohell, and the Coal Mines.
The views which we submitted on 'Thursday
last, in regard to the value of the Deep River
Coal Mines, even supposing. as Dr. Mitchell does,
that they can lie worked for only a mile from the
outcrop,, and that that outcrop extends 43 mile
inJength, have brought os Ihe followinjf.confirma.
lory testimony from a Scoltish friend, who is fair
ly entitled to' kriow someihinif on the eobject.
since not only he himself worked at ihe Mine of
which he writea foiKeiuhl 'years, but hi ancestois
before him, for three generations, did likewise. 1
tits statements are entirety 10 oe reneu on. aiiu
what a field for enterprise and the' accumulation
of wealth, does he' show that we have, which we
need only In march forward with stout hearts to j
us, tinscared by cioakings from any quarter
our Informant :
Stererison Coal Mines, in Ayreahire, Scot
outcrop about one mile' North from the
aeciare uie Knowledge ol the -iihjeet. Tmme9KtmW'm imlth nnd i U
rears : i . nai ma. .Mitefttt) w nslona4hal the people V widtk. and utt thi tlaid i. Ai iJ...7LL
ol'Fayeiieville should not make themselves ridie- f tiuf the mine Would pf usably ! Wsf.liiFh'
nlous to their neighbor by buildina Railroad to j bout $40,000 fter annum - Ji...:.. ik 1 . .wT- r
.i !
I-nth of Cly.IetheJ.asiM brjng- under the ee..
rhese Mines have been Worked Upwards nf one -Un',red
mplj''nj mi an eversge- 80.'
hands. be owners commenced at ihe outcrop,
nd have followed the din Month inw.r.1. .if-M
Frith of ClveV,
!l!'iu lines iwfljnilea inirf". mAA '.
the lowest 1imM has not yet reached the gW
So that 200 men have been tmphttd. tail 10(L
l,u T.i i . . . . . .
js.ii., ,u,it, iir ml, wiiii nai hun lh....lL
iiausieu iitu were aoandoneu. hive hn .ni.
ed and worked with orofii i ! ... ' .V-
with profit 5 nn even now thee .
, Rre opening new pits near the village f Steven .V,
i? - 0n nol.,,!:m ,h'V P dt ,he Mm f
tun one is oemir opened near ih '
There are employed at these old coat mines at
(his time about 600 hand. produnW from in S
to two ton each per day. !
These mines are "upon Ihe lea ehore, under '"'
barren sand hills, and yet their effect ba been to
build up the town of 8ievensi.m, with e popula '
tion or 2.000. and Saltcoats with a population of ' -about
12,000. Tf'Me mines enabled Cunning,
ham of Seabank, their former proprietor, lo erect
a lurhor at Saltcoats, at a great cost. In Ihe lace . "
or the moat determined oppofijion. from the Earl V
of Egltnton and others of the Mobilitj Ayre
shire. The miaes have given 'employment lo
many vessels, the names of fifteen of Which are
rememoereo oy ine wr.ter. in ransnorttne the
rs frm Saltcoats to Ireland, and oilier i.arnof
t,e wor!(J. "nu, and other parte f
f, waB a1 ,!)Me mun , .
pioyeu 10 raise coal to the surface; and among
the fir-t rail roads in the wnr'd was built from
iheuce 10 Saltcoats harbor, n distance of about),
miles. In those primitive dais h. .-... ....... ......1
1 i .
na lllfl FIN"
instead of steam on rail roads, Thi rail road"'
superseded the canals which had been opened foe
the transportation of the roa!. 4
The late Earl of Ejflinton, seeing ihe e fleets
produced by these mines on the prosperity of
Saltcoats and Saltcoats harbor, determined him
self lo build up a rival town and harbor. Scien
tific Engineers were employed ; .Ird'Otian har
bor was extended from (he beach into the tea, at r
a cost of double ilie amount neressarr lo build a -Kail
Road from Fayeiieville to the Deep River t.j
Mines. " ' - - 'v.'""".
After his d-nth. the present Earl of Egfinton ? ,
and Wmton began to lease out hie coat mines.
Shafts were sunk, coal raised, and a - rail road
built from his mine to Ardrossan harbor. Now ' .
Arrtrossan is, the Vetern treminus of ifm"
chain of Railroads in Scotland, is one of ihe most
flourishing and beautiful towns in Scotland. and
is described by all tourists as the " Queen of the
VVesl."
In the meantime the presenl Karl of EgliillOB
and Wmton. is in the receipt nf an almost Ducal
revenue, resulting from improvements connected
wi'h Ins Coal Mines, which enables him to give
Tournaments" ;ii his Castle, to sweep the stakes
at the Derby and Ascot races, and to dispense
with Ijberaliiv the hospitalities of his official sta
tion as a British Peer in Loudon, or as iird
Lieutenant of Ireland.
Happy after Avsrhilo. .
Happiness isahvays just ahead. Hope, bright
fai.J!LJlieJtil
pathway and hid us look onward to coming joya
ami luppier days. To the hopeful heart the fu
ture is alwayi bright. Dark forbidding, clouds .
msy; occasionally cast their gloomy wings oef
our sky. Storms may aiise. The winds of ad
versity may beat upon n. Waves of sorrow
may mil o'er the desponding soul. Our spirits "
may sink; yel a kind monitor speaks, within u
and says, thou shall be happy again. The cloud . 5;
vanishes. The storm dies away. The howjing
wind fill asleep, and the happy soul looks out
upon the future an upon a quiet peaceful sea. ;
Oh! what would this world be were it not for
the blessed influence of hope f Whatever ill
may betide us, whatever of misfortune may be
our portion, yea, iu adversity's darkest vale,
cheered by hope, we c;m exclaim, " after awhile
we shall be happy again." The child gathering
flowers, sporting its doll, or in a butterfly rhase,
looks forward to ripe years, exclaiming, I shall
be happy after awhile." The youth, in manly "0?
costume, with heart elated wilh joyous hopes,
and, fired with ambitious spirit, sees Fame's
proud temple shining afar, ami exclaims. t ,'
shall be happy after awhile-1' The child of f - '
flictton, long confined to the dreariness and aoli
tude of the sick chamber, even amid ' his pains
and sufferings, with hopeful heart looks out upon
the future and says, after awhile I shall be hap
py again." The traveller, Worn out with life's
pilgrimage dreaiy, leaning upon his rude staff,
gazes bur k ward and sighs, looks forward and
smiles, and says to himself, " I will be happy '
again." 't " ,"
The Malay Eoy and the Tiger.
Nut long ago, a Malay boy was sent by hie
parents, who live in the island of Singapore, to
herd some water buffaloes. As he was driving1 '
the herd home by the borders of the jungle, li-T
ger made a sudden spring, and seizing Ihe lad bv '
ihe thigh, waa dragging him off. Two old bulL .
buffaloes, hearing the shriek of their little herds
man, turned round, and directly ran to his help. "'
The tiger, gored by their horns, waa obliged h1,
drop his prey to defend himself. While one
buffalo fought, and successfully drove the tiger
away, the other kept guard over the wounded "
boy. Later in tho evening, when' the anxious
father, alarmed, came out with hh servante b ,
seek his child, he found that ihe whole herd, wilh
ilie exception of ihe iwy old bn Haloes, spread
themselves out i feed J 'but thai they were stilt
there; one Handing over the bleeding 1 body- of "
their titde friend, white the other kepi w alert on
the edge of the jungle for the return of the tiger. .
A ' ' ' Kejtpel.
The MillerUes have fixed upon Mar 10. 1854V
as the date of the destnetton if tho world. They
aav there will be no mistake about it this lirbe.
J ' '. -r- . .
1 U irnatta itati e, too cnampion .01 tree poslaMu
is duuMousfy ill at hi on-in-law'e residem'e.in
Ifusion. Hi friVnd despair of hi rvsovery,
rTf-r r ", ..... ,. . . ,