North Carolina Newspapers

cm i Tf mr IJIDJH Ay Ay Ay AyAy Ay iSHERWOOD & LONG a jfamiir, Kctospaper BrboUlb to Eitrraturr, agriculture, iSanufattutrs, Commerce, anH iisccllancous Stalling. TERMS $2.00 IN ADVANCE. V GKEEXSBOEOUGH, 1ST. C, MAECH 30, I860. NO. 1080. ii 4VV AS ; lfe 1 NESS CARDS. iiVllCiCt'OC'K, ATTORNEY AT LAW, I I .dinirton, - N 0. Feb. 17, 1&58. 972 tf. GREENSBOROUQH, N. C. II' 14.! 4. HILL, LEXINQTOlf, N. C "(ommiss1on"and ff AirHiiB Merchants, Fayetterille, N. C. 1'IWIH ViAvinv turned hin uttAnlinn J Ik'a.NO MGN PAINTING, respectfully e j i.'ic patronage. ..ough. October, 1859. 57 tf ,,i H J. r. lOAtD. O. BOOKIB. vioil jtyfOARD & UOOKER, 1MPOR- tH'L1'('K, and GENERAL COMMISSION Sl S, NKWBERN, X. C jan 10-69 3m. J." jit UHS, Coinmtxmloa?J)Iercbaiat, OLI COCHTY WHAKf, Ncwbern, IV. C. jjprfcmpt attention to all business entrusted to J; f j,'cember 16, 1859. lypd r.R$.kbFFIX &. COBLE, JAMESTOWN, I) v ', iave associated themeelres together for the r (i i'l'ACTICING MEDlCfNE in all it various ' f ! fjoecial attention giTM to 8UROERY. Of '. VkflJ.W. Feb. 1859. 1 24 tf. i k 01,AItTKERSIIIP.J. A. LONG & V F ( ILWWEL,!., urceusuuruugu, n. v., uuug ihjirrselves in the practice of the law, in the '.uiH""1' county, will promptly attend to all ,iitriii"ed to their care. Jan. 1858. 967 tf 'W.'PAfllE, ATTORNEY AT LAW, jirrnanently located in Greensborough, N j fhe Courts of Randolph Daridson and u i promptly attend to the collection of all IrJin his hands. Jan. 9, 1867. 916 tf I'l ;il IS PERMANENTLY 8ET- n HIGH POINT, N C, where be will gire ilt"l;itentioa4jo the duties or nis proieasion. I !. .. . . ii.i cm Alt ..irdunji I n irpn. aftllV. iuuu. " " ...... - . j W. H. HARDEE. & HARDEE, PRODUCE COMMIS- vf hunts. Petersburg, fa. I . ..,1 . ii i n Annuiirn- 7 it)r;u t. AMI auvances njiiue ujiuu 3,-sired. Sept. 23, 1859. 64 m I. J. (lU.E, ATTORNEY AT LAW. ASHE--( Office in the Court House.) will J. rot'esaion in Randolph and the adjoining ittenuon (riven to all business entrusted to I uijan , tk J. M. CLARK. ..qlt CLARK, COMMISSION MER--II 5jTij. nilmlngtun, .'. C. Prompt per ioh given to consignments of Naval Stores, s i ..h j-r i;juntry Produce, for sale or shipment. rriii J,i?ie,; e laMer, Yemeni, iinir, o.t l.,lirvhiO P. Si Kill , of North Carolina, With WM OKA l LtdIN l 11 , .lobbei o( lry fiOOdN, 46 PARK O1 ... a II h AIU I. A) I Kf.M . . LI k. .. Mli ' m ,.i, i ft?Q n. .wi'i W aTb aU W m A. Scutt Su il. W. I). UeVNOI.l0. J. 11. ROWLAND- OWI & REYNOLDS, SUCCESSORS .ju if. ii UeynoMs, tj racers and t.ommisMon NORFOLK. Va. Pay particular at- I1 . ,u m Rear, Grfiin. Tobacco, etc., avoid- .;ifv linrftt'M, and rendering prompt re- I' t.ni..ir, . 'JO.J II U.LI HlllOS Mrs- Sarah Adams i.ii i" Saturday the Hth instant, her large ll.utni'tot, RlbtonN, Flower, Ru- j winch for cheapness anl beauty, shall in this orany other market, i clKTY CENTS to TWENTY DOLLARS. (K:tofcer 4, 1H59. 60 tf r.MM.fiOi JEWELRY STORE t '.t cr bus on hand the fine GOLD LE riianutactured bv Johnson of Liver- ! the ii ' f London. Also, the Silver Lever !mj'in Virge Watch, with a variety ot ilni) descriptions. All of which will be b . -VVatebes of all descriptions repaired ! GEORGE RILEY. t ! D' WILL. L. SCOTT. Sm'ii SCOTT. ATTORNEYS AND COUN- j !ttv - - GREEN3UOKOLUU, a. C., fj'l j he f ouTts of Guilford, Alamance, Ran- "i l'"in. Forsyth and Rockingham. All claims 'tiicm for collection, will receive prompt a.- .'.tV 1 L'f.ce on North Street, fourth door from j ' - ( II! J-lEtlE.H ALL, LAND AGENT, WILL I'l ",4f nitiii 6i.t.,f CAvaratTiAn. T anil TnrBtA I.anfl hnle investments for capitalists at Western and transact a general real estate bu- lirne-..ta, Iowa and Wisconsin. Address, Minnesota. linn. J. M. Morehead, George C. Men- alter Gwynn and Hon John A- Gilmer. ' 888 tf J. 4 TIIO.M AS has removed his HAR "to the rooms recent'v occupied by ; n,1nt. Up, twMloors North of LINDSAY'S ' lTi 1 lrnrrjcd lately opposite the New Court House, e i!lpe pleased to receive calls from his old i- Ja 1-irt public generally. It is his intention t ' -Hnt vfln hanA COCiU ASSORTMENT Htll and other articles in his line, which t'l-w 1 to sell on reasonable terms. , ls.V.i. 19tf i M. i:ii:V. 141 Chamber -at, ri buys every kind of Merchandize on the i'il forward, for 2J per cent, commission, 'tfci'ia. Parlor Organs, Organ Melodcons, ' M1 'ps. Guitars. Stools. Covers. Music, etc., 'I rix ii l;rti:ul. All instruments warranted. J" Lind.xav's Pntent Pump," Garden En J i-uhirs of liifrtrument8 and Pumps sent T ninr itinn Refers lo John A. Gilmer. C. I '? I-- Swain, and others. 950 IVN'. Hamilton & CJralpatn, v h'U'l'KRS AND. JOBBERS. i , , i' l: .! I t otlf-r on thf most favorable terms, MI.F H! VKRS. a lanre stock of FOr- 1.1. "I. a,fl lomcNtlr Dry Goods, sete.i i r t,. ran winter Trade, 1 'b-!v beauty, and its adaptation to :he it'L'rXA. i VIRGINIA. AND I d " i . ! r "t ' ! i T V. N N ESS EE TRAD R '..ii fu imik Buyers from all scclmns .-"j-'-i'-e rtiid ri!-.l examination of out .stock "If No. -'..I SYCAMORE ST KKKT "" lVtTtnira Va M s. i Weep constantly on' 1 j "op, two miles North of Jatr.cs- Stiperior Itifle Cinnw, which n-in:tble prices. As an evidence ot .xcelU'iire i.t niv work. 1 will men- ) ny .RIFLES TOOK THE PREMIUM '" ft : i R.ileigh last week. My aldress is ! K';-r I i-ijunty, N. ('. A. L.AMB rJ ii" sending onU'rs by mail, should be ;iW direction of their letters, to avoid con- A. L. - ly ' 1 1HT. into. & CO.. GROCERS ,u iJitv ua. ili, i'u. kvc, r'''' l'etersburj?, Va. I ,r. MliiTiv Knv it. tf'n.. ' I KJIIlV f L'LMI A VTU Vrt 1 til ! 1 N s U X M E It C 11 A N T S , i itiiinqnd, a. : . " 11 , I RO. TANMAHILL, ( ' U. t. PLCMXKB., JR., '.' j""' ..- I N. M. MARTIN, JR. ll ';T''nal attention given to the sale of pro- V " KomiH promptly filleu."j 4Uiy ,al! Mye or Hats and Cap m , us-a large assortment of Casimere Hats, "tt k ; ' " ol augraaei and qualiues. W.J. AlcCOrtJb. MISCELLANEOUS. Gr. L. MEEISTLEY, .t K H P 0 O K 4 CINV June 15, 1659. 40 ly MJ. MOORE, Formerly of Stokes county N'. C , with M FARLAND, TATMAN & CO., Im porters and wholesale dealers in FOREIGN and DO MESTIC DRY GOODS, No. 247 Market Street and 234 Church Alley, between Second and Third Streets J. B. M'Farland, 1 PHILADELPHIA. C II Berghauser, J. P. Tatman. jan2U-Gm jf J R C.()ldham SPRIH.fi, I860! JOHN H. SPOON ER,NoT 249 Market street, Philadelphia, has now in store a full assortment of Men's and boys' Fur, Wool, Pan ama. Leghorn and Straw HATS, Bloomers, artificial Flowers, Ruches, he , to which the attention of his North Carolina friends is particularly invited, either by person or order. 73-2 m Wa.tche and JevFelry.-Haring located in J Leaksville, N. C, I respectfully offer to the pub- liogenerafly a well selected stock of fine GOLD AND ' SILVER WATCHES, with a large assortment ot FASHIONABLE JEWELRY Those wishing to pur chase, would do well to give me a call, as I am confi dent that I can please in both, article and price. t& Watches, Clocks and Jewelry carefully repaired and warranted. (rimjan20) BENTON J. FIELD. WC.DO.VYELIS IMiofoprriipliic (;al- lery is now opened, and Cameotypes, Melaino types, and AMBROTYPES, which cannot be surpassed for DURABILITY and BEAUTY are taken in Lockets. Pins and Cases, to suit the tastes and purses of all. Having permanently located in Green.xborougli, i Ley confidently expect a lihersil patronage. tST" Call and exaii'inc Specimens, and learn the Prices. Roomn formerly occupied by A. SLnir-tt. seo and story of Garrett's brick building. Wist M irkei Si Greensborough, N. C. Sept.. 185!'. r." tf A. PLl'MNEK, IMPORTER AND DKAL- er m Engftxh and America'! HAHDWAlli:, SADDLERY HARDWARE AN l) GAltlUAOi: MATKHIALS, So. 10 ftolliiijlr"',k Stmt. (8ICN OF THK K. V) NEXT l-oOR K LlhKAKV HALL. FETERSIII Mi. I 4. ffe-ALL GOODS SOLD A L hU VORK I HiCF.S. Jure I, !b.".9 tw i vjd lTTO III IIER, IClVCLLi fl 1 WATCH -MAKE P.. n .;,iv-. . . i nm.u.i.. .N (' . ha- imii'l .tin' N !(. in! it - j.U-iili'l mi 1 wen .JeliCtod ick t tim- .ind ht-'.ii'.i iMc lewi-lri n .'very descripi iu, Hiuniig ivhicli-inn In- fiiurid several niagni ficient sets of coral He has also i stock t tin,- o..id hii-i " iUi-i W wiih -. All repairing done in"t'ne ii-T MAN.NElt nd war ranted. All persons jMirflutsing J.-welry. would du well to call on hint before jun-!iH-iii' elsewhere, n l.e is coulident that he can soil us gio.l bargaius as can le bought in this market. August 1st, 1858. P96 If. i 1 HOVER b II A Kilts SEWIG Mi- Jf CHINES The attention of Housekeepers Seam Rtresses, Dress-makers and Tailors, is invited to the unrivalled excellence of Grover & llalier'N Sewing, Machines. They are simple in construction efficient and durable in operation, beautiful in mode, and finish, and applicable alike to families or manufac ; lures. I The company feel confident that their Machines are best ever offered to the public, and refer for con fir mation of this opinion to the thousan ,i..ff.,;i;....i. ' V'i TV 11 VJ have used them. Price from $50 to $JUo. J R. & J. SLOAN, Agents September 2. 1858 3 tf rig AM) meii im:s: PORTER & GORRELL, (9CCCESSOKB TO T. 1. PATRICK. ) Wholesale and Retail Drulgta, Are prepared to execute orders for Drugs and Medicines, an. I oO tiptifl.. rid rta i n i ri 17 tn tha DrnM RiuinA&a ti-itk neatneg9j accuracy and d.spatch. with large ai.J im- -nrtuorl rrn n irmp nt tnr tiii3inPC4 ami with -a vnrv targe stork on nana, wmcn has been selected witr. unu ual care, we feel satisfied that we can offer inducements to physicians and others wKo may ive us a call. Physicians who buy Irom us can rely on having their orders filled with pure and reliable Drugs. Special at tention will be given io orders. April 15. j. w. bowlitt, o. n. s. j. r. howlktt. W. HOWLETT & SOJ1, DENTISTS, UE- spectfully offer their professional services to the citizens of Greensborough and ar others Who may ut sire operations performed on theii teeth in the most approved, modern and scientific manner. They are amply qualified to perform all and every operation per taining in any way to Dental Surgery, unsurppssed for ability or beauty. The Senior of the firm has in his possession Diplomas from the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery, Ameri an Society of Dental Surgeons, and Dr. S. S. Fitch of Philadelphia, and has been in the regular practice ot j the profession for over twenty years. i They have furnished their Operating rooms on A est Street, two doors above the IUUTTAIN HOFSE. in a handsome and comfortable manner for the recepti'o, Ladies, where one of the lirni may always In loan I.--Ladies will be walled i-n hi i heir residences it de.-iusl. i June 23, 185ti M1E-110.. ARCH STREET AnOVE Till P.M. Philadelphia. Tei'Tiis -.1.5( pel- thty. The undersigned ha tiijz purchased the in: lie.-, .it" his former partner. lr i.'iui.- i.: i iii (..- i 1 1 1 1.1 . U- It --Jll rliU'll-ll'-l 1 till-'lli-.. : would call the aiu-nfion id to, p ices for those viit ilia Pliil;ide!;' i or pleasure j Its situation hein but a !p jv ti-ps Iro.n 'he principn avenues of trade, otb rs indu en en'- id -e n tmsi I uess; while to those in se..rco pu.isure ' starilly passing nod rep i-tts r.e.l w-n car l ne ccin nd illume lie ."rex m in close proximi H-m l n viil-.tl -i in .( Ii itf Mm hi t i i i in' r . iinf he . t. we i. -Hjipl olciti.itl :i I rt-.ili I CAROLIN V PA TKh.N I ft,i. i MM; 1 i i;r I 111. 1- August IS. 1 1 "''. 4'.i I v 1fti:l II l !llOI.. The -ii-e. .... eslebit! I. at (im Liitoo Fir la,.t w- k by f M & (i Ln have already been noticed 1 l.e .oi lowing is ihe K, -port ol the committee thereon : "The Committee have exan.med the negio biogar exhibited by C M & G LINES, of Thorriasnlle. N C , and take pleasure in pronouncing tti-m superior o the shoes made by Win:er, flr any shoes ot the same kit d ever before seen in this market The. committee w on! I also call the attention oi tne punnc to rue ladies shoes manufactured at the same place by J. Shelly, especially as to nature of style and workmanship. COMMITTEE f B. JACOBS, E. K ERYAX, C. A. JORDAN, B. H. GREEN, B B LANE. These gentlemen are engaged in maaul'aCturing shoes at Thomasville, on the N. C. Railroad, on a large scale, and those of our people who desire to sustain home manufactures in preference to the North, will looe noth ing by sending their orders to Thomasville. AVirftern Dailn rrogrttt. Address C. M. & G. LINES. jy5 G8tf Thomasville, N. C. THE PATRIOT. M. SHERWOOD. JAMIS A. tOHQ. SHEKWOOD & ONG, EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS. TERMS: Vi.OO A YEAR, IIS ADVANCE. Rates or Advertising. Osb dollar per square for the first week, and twenty five cents fer every week thereafter. Twelve lines or less making a square Deductions made in fay or of standing matter as follows : 3 MONTHS. 6 MONTHS. 1 TEAK One square, $3 60 $5 60 $8 00 Two squares, 7 00 10 00 14 00 Three " 10 00 15 00 20 00 REMARKS OF MR. GORRELL, OF (it'lLFORD, On the question of Amendments to the Constitu tion and Ad Valorem Taxation. Mr. Bledaoo's bill to amend tho Constitu tion, by repealing the 3rd section of the 4tb article of the amended Constitution, being under consideration in tho Senate, Mr. Gor rell moved to amend by striking out all af ter the enacting clause, and inserting the fol lowing: That a free and open Convention of the people, be held in the city of Raleigh, on the 3rd Monday of November next, the delegates sit a in wnich. when uuivT assemoiea ana ortran jzeci R,ia have tr,e power to alter, amend i i i .u . : i and rCm0Je,1 1l,hle SLtate L"1 ,n manner as snan oe oesi caicuiau-u to -estaD lish justice, ensure- domestic tranquility, pro vide for the common defense, promote tho general welfare, and secure the hlessingf ol liberty to ourselves and our posterity." In supjort of his amendment, Mr. Gorrell said : Mr. Speaker : I view the bill introduced! hy the Senator from Wake, hs a serious and 1 important one, because it has relation to a parti'-ular feature in the ,on.titution ; and j i. lie a neu.ltnenl offered by nty.ell as stil! j more i niportatit , lor the reason tl at its sub-i i i t in ater, embraces the icho' -Constitution I regr t my inability todiscuss iliee w lghty , matters wiih that abilu and h-.in.iug, .h.-n their magnitude reunyw. im- M.jp.i-iij is l-.ff're us, requires our atli-n. aid I i-s-j n- tftlv :ik tin- indiilgem-f of me S n.ite, j wlnist I shil! iitti-mjt lo Xj.!.on : bo r .(mmi.x j fl at Lave induced me to ofT--r ni ameml-; nv -it a a substitute to ihe original bill. The Senator ffiim Wake and myself havej But the snbj'Ht tin -une (vbiectin view, our destination is I he ;! s-iiiie iad hut he demies to arrive at it ny one . 1 bv another; he prefers the amenn I merit of the ('nstitiiii-Mi by Legislative en actment. I desire to stand upon t he olf pre- 1 e,.,lents of our race; and adopt the old Anglo Saxon. Anglo American machinery ot Con- i 1 1 - in establishing or changing the or- law. e have a singtil W ir leature in our Constitution. a restriction on tho taxing: power of the Legislature a restriction exist ing in no other slave State in this Union; a I barricade, erected for the protection of a vast : and valuable species of property in the State ! against the just claims of a revenue bill. i This- was not the case under the old Consti- j tution of 177'i; that instrument, the offspring of the patriots and statesmen of the revoiu-' tion, permitted the Legislature to tax ne- j groes without taxing white men, or to tax : them higher than white men, or to put a canitnl ion tax on white men, and an ad valo rem tax on negroes, or no tax upon tnem at all if it should choose so to do. But by the j amended Constitution of 1835, it is provided, j "Capitation tax shall be equal throughout , the State upon all individuals subject to the f ' - I same." "All free males over the age of twenty-one years and under the age of forty-five yearb, and all slaves over the age of twelve years and under the age of fifty years shall 'be stihtect to capitation tax: and no other persuiis phall be suhjrt to eapdatimi tax. 1 j am not sufficiently acquainted with the his- j torv of the Convention ot lNo to know tne reasons asaigned by that body, for this strange anomaly, but the object is sufficiently plain. It was intended by it to lock up this vaiu- We and most convertable property hi the Slate airainst taxation. At tho time the convention of 1835 was called, the revenue of the State was about SSO,l00, and continued at this mall amount for many years afterwards, and even until our internal improvements began to create heavier demands upon the treasury. The revenue for the last fiscal ye;r was 8502,012, and, we are infnrmed by the Committee ot. .finance, that $150, U00 more has to go to that amount annually to meet the growing de mainH "f the treasiirv and the sinking fund lor in th next t wo years n along ?f)52,0l2. all i-su--d to t om w ;e i i h - - '"ii's :i i-t-.! w r!- ot interna p'ljte I; .-. ady ra'-e a ' pimtovi met t al ovidei :i UOU.'I lor by law, we will have o revenue of one million ot 'be we to look .' r the men- ia s. .icrc :' i ol supj lyioir the eie:ivio'4 wanl 1 1 1 he pi-1 pert r irreatlv ii c. cas"d t the t re;i- II r t! n le: of li e St..te f ti lb i 's t e, i !. t ' e luTiil .ss( n.bi , ;i 1 1"' m- : t By l;:-- i 'om S.'s i in i 1 1 the ( esi nl eal v llij; th. t..e whole a-,i iu; t o' ui.-en ooi s i i 'l iu; t o ul.-ck ool ;i ca,ii'aii') i ia the last liscal year, wti 1-Ki.-!'."). rai-ing a revenue of onl) S75.4t2. Now on i he supposition that I hesc. polls are worth, noon an average, SlOOO each, what is their value 't 81 "'. !i2."),riU'. Wn.it. was the rev cniie r;iised from these"' one tvvenneih t one per cent., or five cents ii. the hne-d!;i!-s alu.ition. Is the avci;ige price 1 . I i . r III w t" it; i nave placed upon tec la.vioic staves !i 'i I think not. From recent sal s i:n-' oi the country 1 am fury n tixine- tlos aVi-rajje valuation tne "iiulatlon tables in the . ... t - . . . t .- t , 1 1 . i war Upon Cen siav c De-capi- .Ot i i le 1 1 .- I ,' e i ' I L ' ' 1 i - J lJ , II J f popuiaU ii m thai period was l'5,548 i.l u- t tile slaves in the StaU'. subject to tation .ax. Irom the whole hiiiubei of ilav., istul it 'ive- us th.e nu nber of 137 000 i-lav-e.-. under twelve and over fifty years ot age. paying no tax at all, and not subject to taxa tion under our Slate Constitution, according to my construction of that instrument. Now suppose we put an average value upon these of 8500 each, and we have the additional amount of ?tS,sll,500 valuation of valuable and convertable property that not only is not, but rannot be taxed, and which even at the very low rates of 1-20 of one per' cent, would raiic 834,405 ot additional reveneue. Add the valuation of the taxed and the un taxed slaves together and we have the a mount of 8210,730,500 of slave property in the State paying only a tax of 875,462, and which if tared to the same extent of land at fifteen cents in $100 valuation, would raise a revenae of $329,604. It may be said that the average value ol taxed and untaxed slaved is fixed too high. I think not at pres ent prices ; but even supposing it is so, that will not destroy the force of the argument, it would only make the amount to be raised by an ad valorem tax a little I ess. but would preserve the same proportions According to the Comptroller's report, the tax on white polls amounts to the sum of $31,291, $3,114 less than an ad valorem tax of 1.20 of one per cent., upon untaxed slaves. All the other Southern States have abandon ed the capitation tax on white men. Prop erty, not men, is the legitimate subject of taxation and the sources of revenue. Why should we preserve our singularity in taxing free men for the inconsiderable amount of 31,291, and leave a slave population of sixty-eight millions of dollars in valuation en tirely free from taxation. For tho last eight or ten years, the State has been agitated from Currituck to Chero kee, with the free suffrage amendment to the Constitution, and after a ten years war, this favorite measure of the democratic party, has proved triumphant. And what has it accomplished ? The mountain has been in labor and brought forth a mouse. The priv ilege has been conferred upon every free white man in tho State, who has paid a pub lic tax, to vote for a Senator to represent him on this floor, but ho cannot lake his seat here, with ten thousand votes to back him, without a free hold of 300 acres of land. He : cannot be Governor of the Mate; he carnot be a juror; hw caunot be a commissioner to divide a tract of land among his neighbors' j children ; he cannot be appointed to lay oft" ! a ycnr'a allowance to his neghbor's wido. W hat has he gained by free sunrage ? ihe privilege to vote for a man to true him, and his representative in the Capital, i bound bv the Constitution, to tax him, or leave one hundred and fifty millions of slave property untaxed , and he is bound moreover, to lay the same tax upon his head, that is levied s9 pwami or a ri(,t plantation ii. the East; upon ii. e ncaa or tne poo-em muu' m u i or a cotton or toracc plantation m mc West. No matter how poor or destitute he ma3' be, he may not be worth an axe, a spade, or a hie wherew th to earn his daily bread, r the bw'ad of is children ; he must be taxed, or the negro must go untaxed ; such a system is behind the age in which we live, at war with our intelligence, and our humanity, and the sooner tho deformity is m(jden from the public gaze, all the better for our credit as a State. Tax the property of the State, look to that alone, and to that equally for the revenue necessary to support tf0vernnjent- Bv the same reoort, it is shown that the rea, ostate wnich is taxable, amounts to 897,- ,841,4S1, and the tax derived from ittofcl4b, Statejr, ,r whjch js raised bv levvinr fifteen 1 - ml tf cents in the $100 valuation of land ; one thousand dollars valuation of land pays $150, and the same amount in slaves, paya only fifty cents one-third the amount. Let eve ry man ask himself, why should this state of things continue. But it must continue as Ion o- as the restriction in the Constitution is ft kent ud. for the reason, that it the tax on 1 should be raised to make it equal on iant the tax on poor white men, owning :,i land nor slaves, would have to be rajoeri to an extent which would make it op pressive upon them. By the Census report of North Carolina for 1850, it appears we have in this State : Horses, Asses and mules, Sheep, Swine, Milch Cows, Oxen, Other Cattle, 148,693 25,259 595,249 1,812,813 231,799 37,809 434,402 3.276,024 Live stock, Valued at $17,717,047 There is also a large amount of property consisting of turuiture, plate, carnages ami j huggies, wagons, cans anu larmmg iooiaiiu j implements, merchandize, bank stock, money at it.terest, &c, &c, all going to make up the aggregate wealth of the Slate, the value of wiiich 1 have no means of ascertaining at present, but which would enter into the tax able proper of the State under the ad valo rem system of taxation. But taking the aggregate valuf of the anded and slave property of the State, and ic live nliick, we have a sum total of 8335,- I 0,628. One eighth ot one per cent, upon ' this amount would make a sum but little si ort of the reveirie of the last fiscal year, fund one-fourth of one per cent, would raise is:;.i(-'ll iirHlMll''!! over and bevond the ! ri eal wants "f the Sta'e for the next year And when the v alue of all the property in jib. Suite is ascertained and fairly assessed fir taxation, I nazzard but little in sa) ing 1 1, a- om- lonrth of one per cent, would raise i a nii!!i--n f revenue .annually : flowing into ! the Treasury, which will meet its wants in ! II . . . . .1 ... I . .. ,.. J..l,wl..l.l l.l.lll.l an coinit'jj lillu. unless oui i.'i.m O - . L c 1 1 " 1. 1 irniMiideinU enlarged. Who would not ai-pr.-ve fuch" a sy stem of taxation, falling equally upon all the property, and operating fairly and justly upon all the sections and divisions of the State? Who would not pre fer such a system to the present unjust, and in some cases, oppressive mode of taxation ? I think that no sound and fair-minded tax paver, who would h e ihe subject a candid investigation, could hesitate for a moment, between the two. But we are told by the advocates of the re striction, that it will never do to remove it. The slaves will be run out of the State, and we should thereh) loose the revenue to be derived therefrom. In answer to this objec tion, 1 ask w here would i hey be run to, in order to escapo taxation. Certainly to no mluT l!,v SiHtf in this UtHon. for in all of .i ,u oi..n,. ..-...etvybi.si in meet the full iiiciii, i ii w aiavr wiuu' ' s - - demand ot the revenue on Diil, without iavor or Constitutional protection or exemption. In most ot the States, in fact, all of them so far as I am informed, oxcept Alabama, they have to la e an ad valorem tax, and in this latter State, they are taxed, hy a eliding scale from the cradle to the grave. For these reasons, I am clearly of opinion that the Constitution ought to be amended ; but I differ with the Senator who introduced this bill, as to the mode. I have always been opposed to the Legislative amendment of the Constitution. We are not sent here with that view by our constituents, many of us come here upon local issues and sectional divisions, for the ordinary purposes ot Leg islation. A fish bill and a bill to amend the Constitution are considered here of equal dignity, the first, by some, the most import ant. If bad laws are made, t'oej; can be re pealed in two years, and better ones substi tuted, before much mischief can be inflicted. But wo all desire and expect a Constitution to be permanent, and unchanged lor long periods of time, not like Jonah's gourd, grow up in a night and wither in the next days' sun. The making or amending of the organic law, should be tho work oi the statesmen, and not the mere politicians of the State. I have another objection to Leg islative amendment; it is two slow and ex pensive. The journey of freoi suffrage was a tedious and an expensive one; for ten years like a wounded snake, it dragged its slow length along until it was finally lodged in the Constitution. I have never had the time to make an estimate of what this one amend ment cost the State. I have but little doubt when the figures are made out, it will appear that free suffrage cost as much as the Con vention of 1835. By this mode, only one amendment at a time is proposed, which must pass two Legislatures, and then be sub mitted to tho popular vote before it can be come a part of tho Constitution. And it has very much the appearance to me, that the framersofthe amended Constitution never intended or expected it to be amended in this way. Now, I am fully satisfied that the people of this State desire other amendments tn tlr; Constitution, besides the ojie contemplated in this bill. Others are before this Legisla ture, and others, and different ones before the last assembly. The judiciary is now re ceiving a large portion of ttie public, atten tion, and undergoing a through discussion. Some are in favor of electing Judges by the people ; others are opposed t it. I for one, am in favor of their election by the people. The lives, the liberty, and the property of the people are in their hands, and 1 can sec no valid reason why their appointment should not be in the hands of the people. My experience and my observation convinces ! me that the people ar :'e as competent to elect Judges as the Leoihtture. It they are com petent to elect the law-maker, they are com petent to elect the law expounder. 1 be lieve them to bo equally as pure, and more incorruptable that the Legislature; less lia ble to th sinister operations of intrigue, bar gain, ai'd log rolling-, less subject to the pow r of the demijohn, and equally, as capable in every way, of judging of the capacity, qualifications and temper of a .1 udge as the members of Assembly. 1 had the honor to' be a member of the Assembly which passed tho ac calling the limited (Jginvention of JS35; and voted for taking the election of our Governors out of the hands of the Legislature and giving it to the people. 1 have never had cau-e to re gret that vole. The experience of more than twenty years, has satisfied me of the correctness of that vote. Within that perioij we have had Governors elected from both parties, and experience goes to demonstrate, that it was a decided improvement on the old system. Since that time, we have had more talentand greater worth in the Gubernatorial chair, and thereby, greater dignity conlerred upon the office itself. And 1 feci assured that a similar change in the appointment ol our judiciary, would be attended with similar beneficial results ; and that an election of our Judges by general ticket, tor a long term of office, with a proviso that no Judge should bo elected for a second term, would give us an able, a pure, and a working set cf Judges not at all inferior to those who have been u Y.rw r.i.i.i ... ..ill. I ill . l.t'iiii.. i i. ill I iiir I',. - .K4V . ....i.wl-. ,.V. ..... l.If...... "i'r ii . i under the present i onsmuiion. nut i think, however, they may be appointed ; j there is a general desire that life tenures t of Judicial officers should be abolished, and1 terms for years1 substituted in their place j that there should be some other mode than j that provided in the pn sent Constitution, i . i . - . - r . . .... i (WDicn amounts io not. i.g. .or .eum.g a,. ncapaoieor uniaa.mu .mug. i . . . 1 . 1 . . I , n The magistrates ot the country, are also receiving a large portion of public attention not only here, but throughout the country. They are generally speaking, and honset pa triotic and useful class of public officers. Such I have found them to he it the coun ties where I am most aquainted. But ,they are an irresponsible bod)- ot life officers. They have large taxing power iu their hands, and are responsible to nobody, arid cannot be called to an account as to the manner they exercise it, when once appoint ed, whether qualified or not, they are in of fice for life, unless they choose to resign. There is no limit to their number in the dif ferent counties, and their large number of tentimes, impedes the performance of those duties which the law has devolved upon them. Public sentiment requires a change in ther tenure of office, a limitation in their number, and a lutrher grade of quaiincation than many of them can command, and iheir j yrol i t i oi a. n , on the other sideof the sea, by appointment by the people. j men who did not understand their wants nor Free suffrage has brought about a sfrangc j consult their true interests, were, by a kind anamolv in the construction of tho General i of self-preserving instinct, repudiated and re Assembly. We now have tw o ( hambers ! jected as the bee would cast out from its cells elected by the same men. I'nder the old ; tho juice of poisonous herb or unwholesome Constitution, the two branches of the (iener-i flower. I have seen with what spirit they al Assembly were intended to operate as a j resisted encroachments ujwn their rights, svsteni of ehecks and balances one upon the ! and unjust exactions upon their property even o'theri But now, the same current of public j to the verge of rebellion. I have seen them opinion operates equally upon both, because the first of all tho colonies, to draw the sword Both are accountable to me famesci o. ...e... Why same not let them all set together in the same body, like the Chamber ot Deputies in France In times of hiirh political excite mpnt.. and nonular tumult, wnicn occasion ally happen in all free governments ; what ; Such a people I am not afraid to trust. There security can we promise ourselves, from the is the spirit of a sound mind and a sober counter-checks of two branches of the Leg- judgment in the people ; a vein of common islature, elected by the samo voters, and hold sense running through their actions, and the ing their appointment for the sarno length of conclusions to which they arrive are gener time. To preserve the balance of the Con-! ally correct, and be9t calculated to promote ! wtiiution and adapt it to the tree sunrage umpndment. the enator should be chn ted for four years, and the term of office of one halt in alternate districts, should expire eve ry two years. Remodeling the basis of rep resentation in tho General Assembly ; an nual sessions of the same conferring juris diction upon magistrates out of Court upon all trivial cases of the assault and. battery, the election of a Liuentenant Governor, to gether with many other sudjeets of amend ment, with the discussion of which I shall not now occupy the time of the Senate, are all receiving publh: attention, and undergo intj examination. These are ail proper subjects, for the 1 . consideration oi the delegates, in a free Con vention ot the people. The Convention may be called, the delegateselectod and convenod, and the Constitution amended, wherever thought necessary, all within the present year, and the public mind quieted upon this important Mubject. If such Convention were called, the best men in the State would bo in it. We would find the wisdom of the aged, the vigor of manhood, and the ardour of youth, mingled in counsel and debate. I think there would be but little party spirit or sec tarian feeling, but a great deal of patriotism and devotion to the best interests of North Carolina, bringing forth fruits which would fill the State with general satisfaction. Tho Anglo Saxon race has been for the last thousand years the conservators of con stitutional liberty in the world. When the whole earth besides, has been covered with the pall of despotism, the lamp of liberty has shone brightly in all lands where our race has had the ascendency, and by them will be carried to the ends of tho earth. The Free Suffrage bill and this bill is an innovation up on the usages of the race, a departure from family precedents. For centuries past, the organic law has been settled and forms of government established by conventions. When the last tryant of the house of Stuart was driven from the throne of his lathers, the Convention Parliament of England pas sed the bill of rights, and settled the Crown upon William and Mary, thereby ensuring the blessings of liberty and a long career of prosperity and greatness to the British na tion. A convention of our fathers held at Halifax, in the dark day of tho devolution, when British bayonets were gleaming and British sabres flashing in the North, gave us tho Constitution of 1776, under which we en joyed "Ilealth in the breezo, and Shelter in tbo storm, for sixty years. A convention gave us tho Constitution of 1835. The con stitutions of most, if not all, the States of this Union, were the work of Conventions; and the master-piece of human wisdom the model of all free governments, which is now holding together thirty four grat States con stituting together the grandest empire of the earth, the Constitution of the United States, was the work of a convention composed of the soldiers and statesmen of the Revolution. Why depart from these old and venerable usages, these time-honored customs, to walk in tho new and untried path of Legislative amendments of the Constitution,? But we are met with the argument that wo must not break up the compromises of the Constitution. 1 presume that all consti tutions are to a certain extent coranromises. but does it follow that a constitution made under a compromise of existing evils or exist- mg grievences, at one time ana in one gen eration, is to last through all timo and all t generations to come ? Is no allowance to be made for human progress and advance ment in political science, for the changes! j which an increased population, and educated ' people, the introduction and expansion of! new pursuits and interests, naturally bring i about ? Are the garments of the boy to be tho clothing of manhood, and the vesture of old age ? All things around us are progres sive ; science and art are daily unfolding : winders to our astonished view. A-rricul-lure manufacturing, banking, mining, trade and education, 1 am happy to belive are all progressing in our State and improving. Are we to presume, there is no improvement : and Advancement in political science worthy j of our consideration and adoption ? 1 think ; such a presumption would expose us to the i ridicule of the age in which we live. ' Another argument used against a conven- tion is, that it will not do to trust the peo ple in convention. Something radical and -. .. . .-. I deadly is feared from a convention. Some i .- , wonderful foreboding of evil is entertained. It would not be strange to hear the expres sion of such fears from the other side of the great waters. But I must express my sur prise to hear them in our land of represen tative republics and free constitutions. I for one am not afraid of tho people. 1 be- , .. j h dottrine 0f Donuiar soverciirntv ' II O i And if mv opinions could be of anv weirH.t I : JV, ... t u :,i. " in any niuucuet-, i iuuiu imi niL-y were vu- j graven with a pen of iron on these grantite ! walls with which we are surrounded, to be j read in all coming time that 1 am tho advo i cate of popular sovereignty to its fullest ex ! tent. I believe in the language of our bill I of rights "That all political power is vested ! in, and derived from the people only." Up i on this platform our forefathers stood in 1770, land upon it I 6tand to-day and expect ever to stand I have read with admiration tho Colonial history efthisSta; e, as recordedin Bancroft's history of Cnited States, and other works I upon the same subject by our own native his i torians. I have seen with what wonderful j sagacity they adopted such laws and ordi- nances as were best suited to their wants, and j best calculated toadvancotheirprospcrity and i promote their growth. Constitutions and , i ;1WS f mr,, r fn - ln prn hv lvbilosonbers smtl ., ... uc.eu "'" " . dependence and to break and trample under , uv:ui;iiuvtijv.v; au4 iaj Ul V 11.1114 1,1 ui.j it ij uuuv.i ' r r foot the 6hacklea of a foreign and unnatural , government. i rejoice mat, i live iir sucn a government, l rejoice land that I am descended from such a race. their general weiiare. a people leu iree anu pr perly trained by religious and intellectual cultivation, will grow up with such political institutions as are best suited to promote their individual and aggregate happiness, just as naturally as the tree adapts itself tc the soil from which it springs', and the atmos phere with which it is surrounded, and bears tho appropriate fruits of its own climate. Take a tropical plant from the warm soil in which it is imbedded and the balmy air with which it is bathed, and transplant it to the bleak tops of our high mountains and it bears no moro truit, but yielding to tho unfriendly influences of its new home will soon sicken and die. A nation, a State, if left to itself Ml J . . , ' i ' uuapfcauun oi iH wants to the circtmstanccMi with which it is surrounded.! I believe frri their right of government their abilitvlloi govern, and to seloct all the necessary agents! of government. I want to make themtntel-i ligeotby proper systems of education, aid conscientious by proper religions traininiir. and then I am willing to put all ppweV.injoJ their hands. With) an open Bible, a ft4e pU pit, ana common schools covenng;the broad i area of our State, in nvy humble judgment, wehae nothing to fear from the people, j j The common schools are now doing a good work in the education of the rising race j our! colleges and high schools, both male and e-j male, are numerous and judiciously located in every section ot the Mate, and what should be grtitying to every Carolinian, they are well tilled with pupils. The generation! that suc ceeds us will be composed of educated men and women in all classes of society, ftud when educated mind is made to operate lopon tho great resources of our State agricultural, mineral, mechani al and manufacturing, un der the influences of tho most auspicious cli mate in tho Union, it is evident to my mindj mere is a ruture, a glorious luture Ifor iNorth Carolina. J And now iu conclusion, I will takotnisoits casion to say, that in my opinion,, it is vain to attempt to resist or defeat this great prin ciple ot etual taxation. It is a "coming event, casting its shadow before." It is riow occu pying public attention, and filling tlie public mind, and gaining friends and ad vacates dai ly. It is so obviously just, and Jso ! eminent ly republ ican, that every man should pay taxes according to what he hath, that no val- i id objection can be raised to it by any rrajsotr- j role mind, not prepossessed and choked With tho odious principles of motiopollies and re strictions. Our neighbors North and South and Y est, have all led the wav in its adon- j tion, and none ol them who have adoptod it, have again gone back to the old and antiqua ted systems of specific taxation and unjust uiseriminaiions. m oviseivcs, navo-iong since adopted it, in the taxation of lands, and us justice iu mo taxation oi Slaves, is equally ; as palpable as in tiuU of lands. Why not f tax an acre ol poor land as high as tho samo JT quantity of rich land ? as well as tak a negro ij worth 8500, the saiaic amount us one wtrth I 82.500? - I The public mind is at work on this now, Ij most important question in the political ecoxt- j: omy ot the State; and it will test it "as with fullers soap and refiners fire," and at no dis tant day, the verdict of the people, the grand inquest of the Mate will bo recorded lor orj against it. W ith that decision, whatever it may be, 1 shall he content; but unless I greal- ly mistake, the signs of the times, and great ly misconceive public sentiment, that decis ion will be in favor of this great measure of justice and reform. Position in Sleeping. Jt is better to go to sleep on tho right side, for then the stomach is very much in the po sition of a bottle turned upside down, and the ! contents aide'd in passing out by gravitational If one goes to sleep on thq left sidOi tho op- . eralion of emptying the stomach of its eon.- j tents is more like drawing water from a well, j After going to sleep let tho body tako its J own position. If you sleep on youri buck, es pecially soon after a heavy meal, tho weight of the digestive organs,- and that of the food, resting on the great vein ot tho body, near tho back bone, compresses it, and arrests tho flow ot blood more or less If the arrest is partial, the sleep is disturbed, and there are i unpleasant dreams. If the meal has been rc 1 cent or hearty, the. arrest is mora decided, j and the various sensations, such as falling j over a precipice, or tho pursuit pf a wild beast, or other impending danger, and tho desperate effort to get rid of it, arouse US j j that sends on the stagnating blood, and we I awake in a fright or trembling, or perspira- j tion, or feeling of exhaustion, according to the degree of stagnation, and the length or j strength of the effort made to escape the dan- j ger. Hating a large, or what is calldjfjaj. heart)' meal," before going to bed, should al- j ways be avoided ; it is the frequent cause of i nightmare, and sometimes the cause of sud- j den death j Ladies Should Bead Newspapers It is a great mistake in femalo education j to keep a young lady's time and attention ! devoted to only the fashionable literature of i the dav. If you would quality her for con- versation, you must give her something to talk about, give her education with; the ac- j tual world and it transpiring events. Urge : her to read newspapers an become familiar ; with the present character and improvement ! ot our race. History is of some importance, but the past world is dead, and wc have lit- ; tie comparatively to do with it. Our thought j and our concerns should be for the present world, to know w hat it is, and improved its condition. Let her have an intelligent eon- : versation concerning the mental, political, ' and religious improvements of our, timcs.r ' Let the gilded annuals and poems on the centre table be kept a part of the time cov- ; ered with journals. Let the family men, women and children, read the newspapers. Bfe- The Richmond Dispatch says that homespun clothes are becoming so fashiona ble with business men in Virginia, that the factories in different parts of the State find I it im risible, with their nrosent facilfties. to ' . i . . , i . i . - ' fill !.- r. n r.-..tr. n i ririliva Mini Tir.,T in 1 l.'n i,.., ' . . - tiem t 1 - , . m , Mub-li the MtltHi (i round. All ground 1 where melons are planted should bo mulched j ; before the vino begins to run. You may use f old hav or straw, or fresh cut grass, or it l v I.. i . ..... i convenient, small nusnes, sucn as wiiiow, ua zel, or any other that will lie down'flat. Cu cumbers are as much better for bushing as peas. j". t& "Dawkter," said an equisite thcother; day, '! want you tell mo what 1 can put ; into my head to make it right." "It wants 1 nothing but brains," said tho physician. . fei?" There afe many who say more than; the truth on some occasions, and balance thto; accout with their consciences by paying less; than the truth on others. Peed ing Turnips to Cores. If this is done morning and evening, immediately after milk ing, no taste of turnips will bo disccrnabloinj the butter. j wutgrvw ana expanu, anu orm a pappy j 1