MAKE YOU FREE."—John vffi, 86. VOL. L. TRAINING THE BOYS (Paper read at the Presbyterian Workers’ Conference held at Haines Institute, Augusta, Ga., January 31st to February 3rd.) By Rev. J. G. Porter If the great principles of life are to be maintained in the home, in the Church and in so ciety in the present generation and in the future, as a conse quence, the highest type of training must be given to those who make up our citizens of to day, and to those who are to constitute our citizens of tomor row, especially the boys, for they are the ones who must in time assume the place of lead ership and responsibility in the home, in the Church and in the world at large. “Yesterday,” wrote Elbert \ Hubbard, “I rode horseback past a field where a boy was plough ing. The lad’s hair stuck out through the top of his hat, one suspender held his trousers in place, his form was bony and awkward, his bare legs and arms were brown and scratched and (briar scarred. He turned his horses as I rode by and from under the flapping 'brim of his hat he cast a quick glance out o£ dark, half bashful eyes, and modestly returned my salute. When his back was turned I took off my hat and sent a God-bless you down the furrow after him.” Who knows! I may yet go to that boy to borrow money, or to hear him preach, or beg him to defend me in a lawsuit, or he may stand, bare of arm with pulse unmoved, in a white apron ready to do his duty While the f cone is placed over my face and * ifeafth comes erecting IfftcTThf veins.” Be patient with the boys, for we are dealing with soul-stuff. Destiny awaits just around the corner. Boys have too often been the recipients of reprimands that came because they were not un • derstood. In many cases par ents and teachers have been to blame because they failed to place themselves in the boy’s environment.. A teacher, for instance, attempts the impossi ble, and the whole task is upset. In many cases just a few things were known about the boy-life, especially about the mental and moral side of their nature, trag edies, perhaps, might have been avoided in the care and training of their life. There is little difference be tween boys and girls until they reach the age of twelve years. The changes that take place af ter that age, both physiological and mental, must foe accounted tor in tne irduuib character. This adoscelent pe riod is the critical time of youth, and right training then will leave its mark and influence in later years. One of the first characteristics of this period is the intense straggle that takes place in the minds of many boys as they seek for self-mastery. Self consciousness is noted, and the boy begins to 'feel self-impor tant. Oftentimes this feeling is irksome to the others in the fam ily, but its presence cannot be averted. Another characteristic of this period is the love for the heroic. He admires the courageous, and if the right type of courage is emphasised, right ideals may be easily implanted in the heart of the boy. This is the age when the boy wants to know everything, but with this difference, that where. as in earlier years he may ask questions, and be put off with answers often ridiculous, now he .is not satisfied until he gets a proper answer or diligently dis covers it for himself. He wants to know the “why" and where fore" of everything. This is the age for future dreams and ambitions. The out look on life is rosy, and he has dreams and visions of the fu ture. He builds air castles; for tunately, his dreams change somewhat easily, and the air castle of today may be forgotjten tomorrow. This is a period of Ire construction and change. The angle of view is different, and often peculiar. Ideas change, and too often, ideals with them. Longing for love(, sympathy, friendship and for the good and the true and the beautiful often sways the whole course of a boy’s life, even when to all Ex ternal appearances he cares nothing for these things. \ So evenly (balanced is the mor al sense at this period that the swing of the pendulum of char acter very easily can be swayed either way. The crisis of life must be met by adapting the method of training to the condi tion of the boy. The boy should not be con stantly ‘nagged’ about his self consciousness. He is awkward, cannot control himself, but to be called “clumsy,” a “clodhop per,” or other similar sarcastic names will not aid materially in removing that element of self consciousness from his life. These things should either be ig nored or made use of in inducing the boy to do real things. This period of self-mastery is one that needs constant encour agement. It should be taken ing for normal self-expression, and if he is attempting to over come evil suggestions within himself, he ought to have all the encouragement that is posible. Too much blame and complaint may tend to so encourage him that he will refuse to attempt anything becaiise he is made to feel that he is of not much ac count anyhow. It is at this point that many a boy has got ten among the toughs instead of having real and true compan ions. The upholding of real heroes will have a marked effect on his life. The effiminate and sissy type as a rule is utterly abhor rent. It is natural for the boy to be attracted to the heroic and courageous by seeing examples rather than by moralizing about real bravery. To be able to say to a boy, “Do this with me,” will carry much further than in structions about the things that ought to be done or not done. As it is natural for the boy to ask questions, the answers ought to be truthful. He wants to know, but he wants the truth. He does not care about proprieties or formalities. And if the one training the boy does not know the answer, the thing for him to do is to get busy with the boys in the search for the corrdct answer. Once let the sincerity of the teacher foe ques tioned in the boy’s mind,, and the effect is disastrous. The awakening period of life with its dreams and phantasies should foe sacredly regarded. The boy lives in the imagination of his mind, and sometimes these imaginations are very fan ciful. But they are real, mark you, real, and intensely so, to the boy. Turn not a deaf ear to his ramblings; let him ramble, and encourage him to dream and imagine. However, in the train ing of character, this imagina tive impulse may foe directed. Let him imagine what results will follow certain actions, being careful to give him normal acts, and not the unusual. Let me illustrates Do not ask a boy to imagine what will or might re sult if an intoxicated man has control of an automobile. He will do that anyway, hut rather' ask him what would happen if tomorrow every one in his home should decide that he or she » going to do just as he or she pleases. Let him work that out as it relates to every individual in the family. Do not expect a boy , to be perfect or consistent. He will not be, so if you expect it, you will receive disappointment. At this period, he does not know his own mind. Hence, as he is somewhat adrift, he needs di rectional thought which wil| lead his pathway right, and give him the basis for a character built upon right thought. A boy needs love, sympathy, comradeship at this age rather than dogmatic teaching. And happy is the man or woman, who, although they may feel that they have not been able to give their boys the very best instruction, have still won their confidence, love and affection. Having thus considered some of the methods by which to deal with boys, let us now consider some of the elements that should enter into their proper train ing. To say that a college or an in stitution is prepared to give the proper kind of training to boys, it is assumed that it has among its chief equipment a well pre pared set of teachers—’teachers not only prepared in head, but prepared in heart and soul; teachers who are not only will ing, but eager to dp their best, A successful administration of a college is largely dependent upon those who co-operate in working out the policies arid purposes of the institution. A purpose is of no avail unless it Ts incarnated. Much depends upon the instructors that con stitute the faculty of the school or college. The ideal college for the training of boys seeks per sonality, ability and religious faith on the part of the teach ers. It must have capable teachers tout they must be Christians also. Dr. King says: “The great road to character and influence and happiness is the contagion of great lives and the sharing in their visions.” The courses of study as out lined in our schools and colleges are designed to prepare the stu dent for the highest possible usefulness in life; to do this the faculties of the mind and the powers of the body must be thoroughly developed, mar me boy may have a strong, healthy body he must have the right kind of food and exercise and rest, and the proper balance be tween all three. The care of the 'body is absolutely necessary. A dissipated foot ball team never wins; neither can a dissipated boy or man win in life. A chain is no better than Its weakest link and a man is no better than his worst habit. A clean, healthy body contributes to a strong and healthy mind. A iboy must have strength to use his eyes and ears and feet and fingers accurately. No boy can reach the high standard of clean citizenship and usefulness that is possible for him to reach unless he practices the clean habits of life. When we see the boys on the streets and public places we wonder if they know that busi ness men are watching them. In every shop, store and office there will be a place fbr a boy to fill. Those who have the af fairs of business will select one of the boys; they will not select him for his ability to swear, or smoke cigarettes. Business men may have a few loose habits themselves, but they are looking for boys that are as near gen tlemen in every sense tof the word as they can find, and arc abl©, to gjve the character oi everybody in town. When £ boy applies for one of these places and is refused they maj tot tell him the reason why they ikr~BOt want him, but the boy nay depend upon Tt that he is *eing rated according to his be lavior. Out df door sports should lave i place the training of the K>y. Athletic contests improve he physical condition of the K>y. ' In "the early days of ath etic sports students trained for te season only, but now they ain for . all time. Athletic ames improve the morals and tanners of the student and the nblic. In these contests boys lay be taught how to make sac fices, how to command, how; to bey; in these games they may am how to be temperate i all things, to know the value F team work, to be energetic; > be courteous and fair under 1 circumstances. The play life Lves an apportunity to teach le boy some of the finest les >ns in clean sportsmanship. In word, the play ground affords laboratory training for the de alopment of character such as f not afforded elsewhere in the fe of the school boy. The iboys should also be gained to use their hands as a leans of livlihood, and that it [ just as honorable as any other lirsuit in life. $ There is a state oi tnings in te of our college life that mgly tends to induce boys despise the principles which Cincinnatus to love the r, and Washington to delight the scenes of Mount Vernon. tj&id it is to be feared that there Mmany a young man in college taring to enter life who Id deem it dishonorable to . his living by manual labor, it never be forgotten by the it is entering upon have thus far adorned our peo ple and land, and all which can adorn it are those which cluster around the pursuit of honest and sober industry. The culti vation of the soil and the call ings of sober andhardy toil are not only consistent with, but are productive of the highest vir tues; and our schools do not ac complish their purpose unless they impress those who are trained there with the conviction that there is no dishonor in go ing from college walls to hold the plow, and to cultivate the virtues and “engage in the toils of what is usually deemed ob scure and humble life. It is impossible for all men to enter the professions; some must enter the common indus tries to feed and clothe those who enter the professions and the others who make up the world. Every boy is not fitted by nature to be a doctor, a law yer or a school master, but some are made to be farmers', carpen ters and Blacksmiths. There fore the business of the teacher is to study tne jiature oi xne ooy —know what he has been cut out for, and then train him to do well that for which he is best fitted, whether it be a doctor or a farmer or a shoemaker. It is also necessary in draining boys for life’s work that atten tion be given to the attitude of the heart. The moral and spir itual side of life must be the dominating principle. Education in its supreme end is to be God centered. The spirit that en thrones the Christ will uncon scionsly rise albove the passing to embrace the permanent and develop a manhood that will look back .to the school or col lege as the beginning of a spir itual awakening and the recogni tion of the realities of life. The courses of study that fail to include the Bible as a text book we would not list as Chris tian. The school qualified t< give the proper kind of training to boys not only puts the BibU (on par with every other majoi , subject, but believes it is s< 'fundamental as~to be a requirec I (Continued on page 4) SKETCH OF LIFE OF REV. W. A. SCOTT. Rev. W. A. Scott was born at Statesville, N. C., October the 6th, 1842, and died February 10, 1928, at the age of 85 years-and four months. Mrs. Rachel A. Scott was born at Oxford, Pa., February 25th, 1844, and died February 11th, 1928, aged 84 years. Rev. W. A. Scott was one of the first graduates from Lincoln. University and very soon after wards was sent South that he might through the power of the gospel and through his instruc tions as a teacher during these perilous days, following so close after the Civil War, aid in elevat ing the Negro race from the slough of ignorance and super stition. He was a man of courage and of integrity—a minister of the gospel of whom it might well be said, “Behold an Israelite in whom there is no guile.” He gave the major portion of his life to the service of his Master, and reaching that ripe old age when the Church of his choice said: “Well done, thou good and faithful servant,” he passed from the active pastoral list to take his place among others who had retired. Fifty-six years ago he was joined in the holy bonds of mat rimony to his life partner, who followed him so closely to the great beyond. To them were born five children, of Which four are living to mourn tneir loss. A patient and devoted mother whose heart was full of sympa thy and compassion aided her life, partner to spread joy and sunshine in the life of others. ife .. . _ . sunshine and rain, when the sea of matrimony was calm or when tempests arose, always she was at his side to give help and cheer for the faith that was within. Nor can we say this life part nership was (broken. For hardly had the venerable pioneer of the gospel folded about him the mantle of immortality and lay himself down to be carried away to his Master’s bosom that the God of justice and of truth that had guided them through all these long years, feeling that it was not good for him to be alone, called her to the great beyond that they both together might answer before the Judge of all the earth, like Samuel of old, “Here am I for thou didst call me.” The Church has lost a great minister. The city of Fayette ville has lost two great citizens. May their life be an inspiration to those that follow, for great good to all mankind. J. B. FRANCIS. Laurinburg, N. C. CHICAGO HARD HIT BY UN EMPLOYMENT. Citizens Try New Methods tc Curb it. The Industrial Relations De partment of the National Urbai League has released _the follow ing on unemployment in Chica go: ‘Chicago presents a most in teresting situation in unemploy ment. A loop clothing firm hiret eight male salesmen who wer< trained by the company for th< position. Six others are ii training. But unemployment ii Chicago is though^ to be critical for a large department store hai cut its force of twenty-tw< workers to twelve. The reasoi for their discharge was given b; the management as T‘experi menting,” though their wor] 1 was efficient and satisfactory Doubt was expressed by th 1 store as to whether "or not th ' remaining twelve, four maid ' and eight laundreses, would b [ let out. A .well established chai ‘ restaurant has dismissed ii colored porters and bus boys from several of its places. A hotel formerly employing thirty eight maids and two housemen, retained only one houseman. A prominent hospital reduced its force of colored maids anid em ployed twenty-two Polish wom en in their places. “Deperately pressed because of the above and other instanc es, Chicago is seeking to offset its losses by two innovations. A coure in salesmanship whose registration at its second class reached ninety-eight, gives promise of relieving the press ure in some quarters. Several firms have promised to hire stu dents who complete the eight weeks’ course. The Masons have organized an employment com mittee upon which the Grand Master of each lodge has ap pointed a member to serve. Hie committee reports its unem ployed Masonic members and all jobs called to the attention of lodge members to the Urban League which finds applicants coming from this source above the average in qualification. So successful has the experiment been that invitations are to be extended to Elks, Odd-Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and oth er fraternal organizations.” CHAPEL HILL CHURCH By Mrs. S. E. Strothers Owing to the inclement weather of February and Match we failed to get the amount for benevolence that we intended getting, yet we are trying to do what we can. I take this op portunity to. thank the members and friend^ for cooperating with Sunday* February aF'S o’clock, Rev. J. C. Nelson, of Franklin Chapel, came to us bringing his choir and members. He preached the Word of, God from Acts 5: 38-39, “And now I say unto you, Refrain from these men and let them alone; for if this counsel or this work be of men it will come to naught. But if it be of God ye cannot overthrow it, lest happily ye be found even to fight against God.” A grand sermon was delivered by Rev. Nelson. The collection was taken up and the following named persons responded: Mr. Rolbert Henington —$ .25 Mr. J. W. Dockery-:— .26 Mr. Joseph Smith-.25 Mr. Luther McNeil - .60 Mr. W. H. McMillan ..50 Mr. W. M. Malloy _- .60 Rev. W. Williams- .50 Mrs. V. J. Stubbs_ 1.00 Mrs. C. P. Ringer- 1.50 Rev. J. C. Nelson - 1.00 Mr. D. M. McMillan 1.00 W. M. Strothers- 1.00 Miss Hattie Patterson 2.00 Mrs. Lula Woodard- 3.25 Mrs. Celia A. McMillan 5.60 Mrs. Margaret Jones- 6.05 Mrs. Lizzie Smith - 2.30 Mrs. Easter McArthur — 2.50 Miss Willie P. McCall .... 1.26 Miss Estelle Pegues —- 3.62 , Mr. Leo Pegues -- 2.00 Mrs. S. E. Strother - 8;10 . Mrs. Mary E. Dockery — 8il5 Mrs. Mary A. McMillan.:- liST . Mrs. Mary A. Brown 4.00 . Mrs. Mary E. Page —— 5.40 [ Miss Maggie Patterson — 1.00 . Mrs. Artensa McCall — 5.10 > Public collection —- .29 i The total amount collected 1 was $68.40. ; Our Sunday school'is contin * uing to go forward with Mr. ) Horace McCall as Superinten i dentent. r ‘ We are glad to report Mrs. - Annie McMillan-Fletcher is able c to be out again, after being in • for a month or more from an a attack of inflamatory rheuma e matism. s Also Little Miss Allene e Strother is able to be up after a toeing in doors for two months s from a broken limb.