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TUB STRONGEST BULWARK OF OUR COTOTltY THE POTOLAR HEART.
CARPENTER & GRAYSCN, Editors.
CLENDENIN & CARPENTER, Publishers. A
-7
VOL. I.
.41
no;
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HOTELS.
TEE! BURNETT HOUSE,
RTJTHERFORDTON, N. C.
la open tor tlie accommodation of the
travelling public, Hiid with cnd fare, atten
tive wrvafit?. and pood stables and feed tor
lior6ep, the proprietor nks a shnre of patron
age. CV UUHNKTT, -
U-ly : Pi of rietor.
ALLEN HOUSE.
I1EXDERSONVILLE, N. C.
T. A. ALLKN, Proprietor.
Good Tables, attentive Servatits, well ven
tillatod Roonm and comfortable Stables.
BUCK HOTEL"
A6HET1LLE, N. C.;
R M. DEAVER, Proprietor.
BOAKP t. 1 ESt DA IT. lif
riemming House,
Board per Day,' $1.50 .
" 44 Week, 7.00
41 Month, 21.00
- 24-tf B. B. FRKEMAN, ft oprittor.
McDowell House,
Tliie libue i now open lor Uie rocc(tion of
border 'and all tranwent caelum.
and nil tmnsieiit cof4ooi.
Cl G. WcDOWKLL,
JYoprietor.
BUSINJZSS CARDS.
W. H. JAY,
HOUSE AND SIGN
RUTHERFOKDTOK, N. C.
Cminiiip, Marbleh'ng axid KaltOBiin exe
uttd in the Ut vlyls. .
3 Orders 'lrom ntigtiboring towns promptly
Ueodedto. " 6: :5m
BLACKMITHING
""acliy Da Hon wouW anitouce to hi?
'a lrieiMirt and cuHxhikmh lht hi 6hop is
will lu'full blaRt on Main Street, South ol the
JaiL Terms an low ue the lowest.
Shoeing Horses fgJ.OO.
Country produce taken iu payment lor work
market prices. . ,
Civc biui a Call. 10-ly
WZSTERN )sTAR LODGE
No. Ol, A. F. SI.
in . I rePu,ar,y the Irt aronday tight
1 T"11 of 45upeikir Couils,
, Ua 0D Festivala ot the Su. John.
IT- JFSTICK, gee.
Water as a. Fuel.
"Water is composed of two gasc8?
oxygen and hydrogen. Oxygen
is a most powerful supporter of
combustion, while hydrogen is
itself very combustible. The. gas
with which our streets and houses
are lighted, is no other than this
hydrogen impregnated with car
bonic matter to redden its flame.
It is therefore manifest that if
there were any practical raeaMs of
decomposing water of steam
(which is the same thing in a dif
ferent form), the hydrogen could
be used for fuel, and the oxygen
could be also used for burning
bricks, stones, old iron, and al
most every procurable material.
There is no exaggeration in hat
we say. A rod of iron 'plunged
i n to a vessel of oxygen would
burn, with a rapidity -and thonr
oiighness even greater than thoe
which characterize the burning of
kindlinr wok! in 'conimpn. air.
The difficulties that stand in the
way of these phenomina being
actually exhibhed are chiefly
owing to the difficulty of procur
ing the gases, and preserving
them when procured.- Whan
those difficulties are therefore ob
viated, a new era m the business
of lighting anc1 heating will be
inaugurated. Jt is manifest from
the nature of the components of
decomposing that notorious ele
ment, vrould result in the realiza
tion of what we have described.
The following, which -we.-cop"
irom the Monthly Journal, is er
haps descriptive of the commence
ment of what may yet revolution
ize the entire present arrai ge
ment of the physical - forces., by
which m ec ha n i s m of tl i e i hy i ca 1
forces bv which nieclianism of
every kind is worked throughout
the civilized world. We see noth
ing in what we are about to quote
except what '.ve believe to be
every way' feasible. If it prove
to be practicable to use common
water for the purposes of fuel,
there is no knowing the vast re
sults of such an important diseeve-
r3r- ' .;
, Here is what the Monthly Jour
nal, quoting from! an exchange,
says : -;
' On Monday and Tuesday af-
ternoon," ea's the Pan Francisco
Alta, "a large number of citizens,
by invitation, visited the brass
foundry on Fremont street, for
the purpose of witnessing some
experiments with a new fuel, re
cently invented. They were
shown into that portion of the
establishment occupied by rthe
furnaces, and in. one corner found
a brick furnace, some eight ieet
long and 6ix feet high. On the
top of this was an iron tank hold
ing about ten gallons, which was
filled with crude petroleum.
From this tank a pipe about an
inch and a half in diameter, led
into the side of the .furnace. A
small jet of oil, not larger than a
6mall goose quill, was permitted
to flow out of this tube ; a light is
placed bencath this jet, and it im
mediately ignites. Another pipe,
about an inch in diameter, leads
from a steam boiler stationed not
fifteen feet away. ' This pipe leads
a small jet of steam upon the
burning oil, and the moment the
steam strikes the oil the oxygen
in the water i5 set free and ignites
with a tremendous roar, generat
ing in a very few moments a most
intense white boat."
Foiour own jart, we regard
the above as more pregnaut with
consequences,. than even Frank
lin himself regarded his own elec
trical discoveries. Land and Law
Ad riser. -
Railway Accidcuis Europe
'jkXA America.
" It is a favorite plea with the
managers ot transportation lines,
in this country that tlie reason of
our frequent accidents is not so
much the lack of care on the
part of the companies, as an in
herent recklessness in the Ameri
can character that 44 the traveling
public in America, in their de
mands for speed and comfort,
compel the railroads to take risks
which are never taken on the
continent of Europe.' The truth
of this statement (which we take
from the third annual report of
the Railway Commissioner of
Massacht setts) has on the other
hand been warmly denied by a
criticising press.
The fact in the case is that nei
ther the Commissioners nor their
critics are strictly accurate, and
neither seem to have hit uponthe
chief reasons for the far greater
frequency of railway slaughter in
America than in Europe. It is
true, as alleged against the de
fense oftlhe companies, that Euro
pean express trains make faster
time than American, it being not
uncommon for the fast trains of
the former to maintain a speed of
forty-five to fifty miles per hour,
including stoppages. I3ut let it
be noted that these are the font
trains only exceptional train., in
whose running exceptional care is
taken, and on which exceptional
prices are charged. The average
time of American passenger trains
is much faster than those of Eu
rope, and tbe fault in our system
lies in running all our trains
on like schedules, and making no
difference in arrangements be-
tweei; those who wish' to travel
fast and those who are willing to
travel slow.
' Again, the European system
has its tracks and rollinsr stock
built with an eye to the fast trains.
'I hey have double tracks, gen er
aliy stone ballasted, rendering ac
cident from collision and injury
to the road-way far less likely to
ccur. Still more important,
their rolling, stock is far lighter
thtJJV i'3. Tliolr fhSt locomotives
compare to ours as twelve and fif
teen tons to thirty and forty, and
hardly any comparison, as to the
strain upon track, can be made
between their sleeping and par
lor cars. Computed simply upon
mechanical principals, the differ
ence in the probabilities of -accident
of a light English express
train running at fortv-five miles
an hour, an i a heavy American
one running at thirty-five, is fear
fu 1 1 v agai nst ou rsel ves. ' S
W he n , therefore, Am erica n
companies pro ide for .both' slow
and fast traveling, compensating
themselves for thejadditional care
and expense of thelformer by a.
larger fare than for the latter,
they will then be at liberty to
place the vresponsibilty to the
charge of the reckjetsness before
mentioned. Ex. -
The Great Temple
, The skill, the art, the mighty
toil that have been devoted to
the adornment, and to j the decor
ation of this most ancient place of
worship, have been of extraordi
nary . magnitude. Tne grandest
legacy ot Egyptian "antiquity the
great p3rramid, demanded, indeed
a larger amount of naked human
labor; but in Moria.li there is a
compulsion of features of nature
herself to the service of the build
er. In actual bulk the great py
ramid is to the Temple rock as
five to nine, if we descend but as
far as the sills of the fire double
gates of the mountains of the
house. It we carry the compari
son down to the, level at which
the lowest foundation of the walls
is inlaid in the, rock at the angles
or the inclosure, the bulk is threu
tunes that ot tlie great pyramid.
The cubic c-outents ot the mason's
wotk rnuy not amount to a tenth
part of that piled up by Souphis.
But the hill has been honey-comb-
vJ with chamber and galleries;
and the declining part to the
south covered with vaults and
arches., to which Gheczeh can
show no parallel. No merely
artificial structure could have so
successfully resisted the resolute
enbrtsof the two greatest milita
ry nations of the ancient world to
destroy its existence and obliter
ate its memory. No other 1110
nument, long., surviving the
era of Asiatic and Italian power,
can ever, like the noble sanctua'
ry,rnark by its very ruins the suc
cessive periods of its glory a:id
fall ! ; - .
If we regard not so much tlie
evidencs ot the labor devoted to
tie Temple as th effect produced
on the mind by its apparent mag
nitude, wre mav 8Ugirest the fol
lowing comparisons : The length
of theeastern wall of the sanctua
ary is -rather more than double
that of 'one side of the great pyra
mid. Its heighth, from the foun
dation of the rock at the south.
and near the ljorthern -angles, was
nearly a third of that ot the Egyp
tian structure. If to this great
ljeighth of 152 feet of solid ' wall
lie atlded the deseent of 114 feet
to fhe bed ot the Kedron, and the
future elevation of 100 feet attain
ed by the pinnacle of the Temple
porch, we have a total heighth of
436 feet, which is only 59 feet less
than that of the great pyramid.
The area of the face of the eastern
wall is more than double that of
one side of the pyramid. Thuf
the magnitude of tlie noble sanc
tuary of Jerusalem far exceeded
that of any other temple, in the
world. Two amphitheatres of
the size of the. Coliseum would
have stood within its colossal
girdle, and left room to spare.
The Coliseum in saul to have sea
ted 87,000 spectat'irrs, and ac
commodated 23,000 more in its
arena passages. For such a num
ber to have been crammed witli
iii its circle, the space for each
pi-rson must have been limited
to seventeen bv twenty inches.
Allowing tow cubits each way, or
tour square cubits tor each wor
shipper in the Temple, the sanct
uary would have contained 30,
000; the chel, iiu hiding the
priest court: -so.ooo - tmnx 4 i
there would yet have been rom
in! the great court and tie elms
ters to make the total reach more
than 210,000. '..
Flogrgiugly Proxy.
Manv years ago there, lived in
Northern Alabama a warm-hear-e
old gentlemen named II
lie owned a negro named Jake',
aiid there nevei lived a more pro
voking old darkey ; lor although
TJlncle Jake was a favorite he had
njany weaknesses, and among
others, he was particularly re
gjirtl loss of truth to such an ex
tent that the good old Judge found
it: necessary to punish him.
It was the custom for the town
constable to administer a flogging,
fdr a consideration whenever, the
njaster felt disinclined to officiate,
aiid the constable had a severe re
l iti tation among th e .da r kev-V who
had now and then been so unfor
tunate as to come under his hand.
Jake had never been there, but
was well posted. On one occa
silon, during lie Christmas holi
idays, while tho Judge was quite
indisposed, Jake had been guilty
of a misdemeaiior ami punish nicnt
was 'aeejnccl necessary, so ;the
Jiidge wrote to the constahie as
follows :
!"M. G : Please give the
the bearer thirty-nine- lashes and
charge to me. II.''
j Calling Uncle Jack the Jm.ge
ordered him to carry the note to
M r. G w 1 1 o wo u 1 d gi ve hi n i
a lgrubbing hoe. Jake started on
his errand, hut his suspicions were
aroused, lie did not under-stand
what the Judge wanted with a
grubbing hoe at Christmas time,
and his conscience was not as
clear as it should have been.
The result oV his suspicion was
that he wag to be w hipped, See
ing aschoolboy approaching, - he
qhietl y took out his note and
said : "Massa llob, what dis note ?
Got so many dis morllin, dey's
all mixed up'
! The boy read the note Jind! ex
plained its eContents to Jake, who
whistled and laughed to himself
as a bright idea struck him
Calling a netrro boy, who wag
near, Jake said :
j 'Does you want to make a
quarter dis niornio ?"
i Of course I does."
The Ih hurried off to aocom-!
! push his errand, and in due course
1 delivered the note to Mr. G 1
who took him into the yard, lock
ed the gate, and dispife the boy's
protestations cf innocence admin
istered the flfgging, while Jake
hurried off home, chuckling over
the ha py result of wh: t
n light hiive been' a serious busi
ness to him. That evening tlie
Judge called hitfi up and said :
.) ake did you get that grubbing
hoe ?
No, Massa ; I gib a boy a quar
ter to fotch dat note to massa
G , and I spec he got d at
hoe." '
Comity Papers,
The following which ..we copy
from the Hot springs Times with
its editor's cohuneht is so appro
priate and applicable to all news
papers that We copy it entire, ful
lv endorsing every word :
"The New York Times says
that von might nearly as well for
get vour churches, vonr acade
mies, and school houses as to f.r
get your local paper. It speaks
to ten times the audience that the
local minister does.
It is read
eagerly each week from begin-
ning to end. It reaches you all,
and if it lias a lower spirit and
less wisdom than a sermon, it lias
a thousand better chances at you.
Laying, as it doe, on every, ta
ble, in almost every house, you
owe it to yourself to rally liheraj
ly to its support, and exactfrom
it as able, high-toned a character
as you do from any ( elueator in
your midst. It is in no sense be
neath notice and care for it is
your representative. Indeed, in
its character, it is the consumma
tion. o importance interest and
welfare of you all. It is the ag
gregate ot your own consequence,
and yon cannot ignore it without
miser ably depreciating - yourself'
We indorse the same in every
particular, and while '-.."We assert
the importance due to our jour
nals, we at the same time admit
that it is incurrihent upon them
to recognize the high-toned char
acter and sciitiments of its read
ers and- patrons. We' 'believe!
that the Fress should bl inde
pendent, free and bold ; yet that
independence and freedom should
not be asserted or tolerated at the
expense of decency -'and morality.
We desire to make the Times
worthy ol the notice of our peo
ple, hightolied in sentiment and
expression, ami willing and ready
to do justice to all parties, and
such a paper as any gentleman
can carry to his family circle,
without the fear of causing a blush
at anything found in our columns.
Such we believe to be the course
the Times has adopted and will
endeavor to pursue. To our pat
rons and friends, not only pequ-Jbiie
niarny ano personally, our sr
cialiy, morally and; r di
giously do we hold ourselves
responsible. By noother than
tlie most rigid rules do we desire
to be judged. ,
i IMMfc
Tiic Velocity of Light.
i i it . i - .
Olaf Roemer, an eminent Dan
ish astronomer, while observingJ
the eclipses of Jupiters' satellites,
in 1676, found that light occupied
about sixteen mi unties and twenty-six
seconds in passing through
the diameter of the earth's orbit,
ami asisuu.niig the distance at' the
earth from the sun to be nearly
95,000,000 miles, he deterinined
the velocity of light to be 192,500
miles in a second. . X
In 1723, Bradley, an English
astronomerdiscovered tlie aber
ration of light, and determined its
velocity to be 191,513 miles per
second. '
In 1849, M. Fizeau invented an
apparatus for measuring the velo
city of light between terrestial
stations, and determined it to be
191,677 miles a second.
' AL' Foucault, -"-vith substantially
the same apparatus, determined
the velocity to be . 185,177 miles
per second. ' :
Quite recently M. Fizeau has
published the particulars of a long
series or - experiments maae ne-
tween stations about six miles '
apart, using tne rays irom a oxy-
hydrogen ligl t ; and he gives, as
the mean of 650 good observations,
a v e 1 oci ty of 1 86 ,363 m i 1 1 , ei' per se
cond. The result obtained by
Roemer is usually given irt teat
botks, and, in 'Tact, is commonly
quoted as the correct velocity "of
lights But the close agreement
of the more recent researches of
MM. Foucault and Fizeau, and
the elegant methods used by these
philosophers in their recent; re
searches render it nearly..Jc,extan
that the velocity of light intle
air isbet ween 185,177 and 185,
363 miles per second. SeTetitific
A nt er ican.
-44
Frst invention of Glais.
Flinj-saj's that glass was first
invented at the mouth of the river
Belus. The discovery happened
in this manner: -A party of saiK
ors, who had occasion to visit .the
shore in that neighborhood, prop
ped with sand and pieces of nitre,
the kett tie in which they cooked
their pro visions. To their amaze
ment they found that the mixture
thee suta-tanves fused,and that.
when it cooled, it was hard, brit
tle and transparent. Thus was
discovered a new suhstalibe, which
has so much contributed to -the
comforts otlife, and- to the pro
gress of science. The santl of the
Belus continued to supply the
Sidonians ami others with mate
rials for the manufacture of glass
Even so late as the seventeenth
century, the Venitiar.s- and Gen-'
oesc imported it for that purpose..
The mere mention of '.viudows
speetacles, microscopes,, aiid'
whiskey hotties, is auggestivo of
the vario us purposes fbr-which
glass is used, and of its indispanf
civilization. An ocean of impor
tance often flows from a sprihg.off
accident.
To Develop Talent
Flace a man in a position that
will fearfuIK tax him and try him
a position that will otten. bring '
the blush to his cheek and the
sweat to his brow, a position that
will overmaster him at times, aiid
cause him to rack his brain for
resources. Flacc him iu a posi- j
tion like this. But every time he -l
tpi r ilia l iiunii ri . gm nnr
with words of .blame or censure,
but go with manful words of en
encouragement; look him boldly
m the eye, ami speak them with
soul '111(1 emphasis. This is the
way to make a mair of a boy, and
a giant of a inan.x If a man has
piucK ana a- raieni, no mauer
whether he ever filled a given po
sitio.li or not, put him in it, ; iff
worthy, and lie will soon not on
ly fill it, but outgrow it. But put
i - i y a m - a
in a position with a faint
heart. This is the way to -kill
him. Fut him in grandly with
most unmistakable confidence.
Drop no caveats, but boldly start
the way, and then stands by wih
a will and countenance of 'true
friend. Thus try twenty men; such
as have been named, and nine?
teen will succeed.
Read This.
ISothinercan he more cruel, and
nothing more foolish, than to
lace children where they' must
be dressed every day in fresh ahd
fashionable clothes, and their free
lorn to play curtailed for the sajco
of appearances. What childhqoa
neC'ds is perfect freedom among
the things of nature freedora: to
romp, to make nind-pies, to; leap
fences, to row, to fish to climb
trees, to chase butterflies, togath
er wild flowers, to live out of
doors from nitrning till night,
and to do all those things that in
hoceiit and healthy childhood de
lights in, in cheap, strong cloths
piovided for the purpose. c Ex
actly that which childhood ) needs
manhood and womauhood needs
perfect liberty and earlessness.
So, whether to dweller hy the sea
he should seek some sport unvisi
ted by those devoted to fashibpa
ble display, and pass his time iu
1 pursuits and amusements which.
without let or hindrance, perform
tne omce oi recieauun.. i