..y.,. ' " ' 1
i , -,.... - ,r i . .. " . , l - '
t I
n
4 5
; ; NEW SERIES YOL. UMO.
PDBLISHEO WKEKLT
t i. FEMTOH DABLET. .
j h',K i r , TEEM8 OF BUBSCBIPIION. . , - .,
fllngU opl, Two VouuaM pr yir, inTriblyJ
kdntiM. - " '
' T Clhi f T aai pwrdi,1t will h fankkM
toil DoiMiMiiliui prop7.i ' .
lia tabterlpUoD rvuirtd fur 1m Uiu ilx uoutlis.
' ' BATES olr Idveetisino. ; '
f' ! OHI WAM, till laxu 0 Mil BIVIim.
. Oo InMrtioa...,. ..-..... 70o.
Tbr iDMrtion .................. $' (0
' Twa month, or win iDMriioDi...... I 80
' ThrM KOfitkl, w tfalrtot InMrtioX 4 00
e oo ,i
DllTHI 1 ... 9 00
AdrartlMrt wait UU th nambar of timet tb7
Vli.li tlitir tdtertiMmtiiU InMrUd othtrwiM tbtr
will U eootiDatd tlU forblddea, tad ebargwl aeoard.
i lun to tha abort. ... "Z'.
recmenU will h aiada with yearly adTtrtUr
.-Vm UmUm aa4 BmimtM Oarda, M axaMrtlag tr
llara brarler la laagth will U (started for $6 a year
' Jf axtotdiag art liaet will bt ebarrd tht taint at
i i,hrl knil ulniilinoii tarmf.
- eabtr adTtrtltcmtntt. Ana waea lor a tuvrisr um
Jmb ma Tear at fall ratca.
bitnary aotieea frea when aot tiaetdlng twtnty
liatt; all abort twenty line at aareruineni rawa.
COVBT2IET, TESrWEWT A CO,
f 1 plklCT IWBTtJ OF t
' Hardware, Cutlery, aunt, e.f
, No. 85 Hii Staair,
80.1. ' , . CHARLESTON, 8, C.
' CIIAnBERLAIff, MILER & CO.,
, IMPORTERS ANO JOBBERS OF ORY GOODS,
. KO." 17 MlITIlO iSTgHT,
OpaotlU Caaricataa IIoUI,
' 8-ly CjBARjffTOaJCj
Ti.'iijrcs, TnoMLiiwos & to.,
MAivrACToaiaa o waoLiiAia dbalim is
Saddle, Uamemt, Coach THmmlngn,Sc.
No. 157 Mkitiho Stsikt,
OppMtuChartwtn HoUl,
Co.dict. JiKJnso. Ca, 1 CHARLESTON, f.C.
KkW )'.
80-111
W. SATTHIKUKS, W. F. O'BABA. . MATTBnWISH.
CLOTlMi.rG HOUSE.
MATTIIIESsESr, O'llABA . CO.,
.. Ko. 148 Eajt-Bat BTMar,--
Caraar af Qaaaa,
- , . ' ' CHARLESTON, 8. C.
rvRsisiusa goods' of all xixds.
E. B. ITODOARD 4c CO.,
wHOLitta Hitrii is '
moots; shoes .i.m Tnv.rns,
AT MAbTOr AOTOUBS' MICES,
Xoa. 163 abb 17 Mbbtibo Stbiit,
t . ,aai3rfalMCbiriailalltol. -,
Dnmab a. otobbaw. ) CHARLESTON, 8. C.
CALBB FBaB BBSBABB.
" LBBUBt OBABS. " t 'J tHi-1 J
r- nber at bowie, .
, " BCOOaatOM TO tIBOBBt, BUFF CO.,
WHOLES.! LE DttCOaKTS,
- S. lit Jliii Stbbct,
(Opavitta CWrUaM RataU -
.- . CHARLESTON, 8: C.
Prng!, Medlciuet, Tamil, Oilt, Window Olatt, Briuhet,
Soapa, rerfamirlet, Faney Oowit, Brgarl,
8 Flae tt'lnet, and Orandica.
"T ELEIS Jt MITCHELL,
,-WBOMBAlt AB BBfAllp
DBA LEU IS CORN, VBA8. OATS. RYE, WHEAT,
ttOAN, EASTERN AND NORTH lUVfcR UAV ; t.
.,,.'.--... atao, '
fresh anouxn heal, jiomist, J-e
- KO. KOItTtl WATKH BTBEKT,
WILMINGTON, N. C. '
' " 1 ""'y B. F..1IITCBLL.
BAB. . TIM, . ...;..' FB. . MOOBJL
v JHYEH8 dk MOOUE,
- waoiiuta aiAuaa w -IJAT3
CAM, TRUCKS, STRAW GOODS, RON
NET8. rCRS, MILITARY OOO03, CANK8
ANl)-MnKBLLA9i
31 Market Street,
.,, . , ,'iLaiixoToy,y. c.
WaaaW tka attantla rf wbolaaala bayara to.tUa
abora card. Wa art rprd to farniah Good ia our
fin. .. low M ANT HOUSE IN THE COUNTRY.
Order for Hate by tha eaaa r doaea will rewire
prompt attention by addretaing aa abora. 7-ly
T. C. at B. 3. WORTH,
' General CommUtton Merchant;,
' ' , t ABB DBALBBt IS
UME HAIR, CALCINED TLA8TER, XND CE
liT,8ANI 1'USTER.I-L'RErERUVIAN
, . t GCANO,
And Ageata for tha tale of .
ItOBINSON'8 MANIPCLATED G0ANO, -TASKKR
A CLARK'S FERTILIZERS,
BUPR-I'H0SPUATB OF LIME, -
VO ly ; . , WILM1SGT0S', X. C.
EO. II. BELLY,
.. BOOKSELLER,
t I l No. 27 MABJurrtTBBsr,:
, . . WLSIIXOT0X, X. C.
Keapa eonatontly on hand orery rariety of 8chool
Booka, Miacallaiieo.ua Bwkt, Blank Booka, Drawing
Booke, MaaiO Booka, Foolaoap and Letter Papara, La
diaa' Note and Billet Paner, Arti.t Material of all
kinda. Latter Proaaea, Latter Copying Hooka, Inka,
' renelie, Enralopea, Law Booka, Doetor Booka, Draw
in Pailera, Lithoarapha for Oroolan and Oil Pamtiors
Wa. Knabi Co celebrated Piano Fortea, Grow A
Baker Sewing Machines and Conner Sewing Machine.
. All ordera for any of tha abort articlea promptly
ailed and forwarded by mail, railr1! or otherwise.
. 79-ly .
HOrKEHS, HULL fc ATBIXSOU",
MP0RTIB8 AND WHOLI8ALI i
JEUEBS IS F0RE1C.1 iSD DOSESTIC DRI GOODS,
'No. 268 Baltihobb $tbt,
(omanuitnamm,)
a.aiL B. B0ia, 1 JiALTIVOBB.
BOBtBT Butt, V
Tiro, w. ATSisaoW. J
87-tf
ASHE fc IIABOBAVE,
adiTronErs tr Lir.
rrielioe la partoerablp In the county of Anton, ex
tt Criminal Dock.t inthc County Co.rt, (J.
H Hararare being County Sollcirar. J '
? Tbr wUI attend to the collection of eU Wme an
iruatal to them la Anaoa aad the aurrouodingoountiea.
T 8 Aah atteo.lt the Courte of Richmond, Moat-
THaS
19-tf
B. P. SIMMOHS,
ITWcfc fmI Clack ttepatrer,
'.',' ' c . sOBTiuai, k. .
, A-f. Jcwrtry, ., "early and labetaBtlal
aC?X iire4,aaliwrwarraaa
it ; . .
, . . McCOBBLE aV BEH1VETT, '
Mlomty mt Imvb, ' 'V
rBACJTlOa IS FABTBIB1B1F IS TBI OODBTT Off AK0.
JAMES M. HcCORKLH attenda the Coarte f Ce
barraa, Bowan, Stanly, Montgomery and Anaos. ,
R. T. BENNETT tboee of tJoion, Steal, Anaoa aad
Richmond. ,, ., ; . . .,,.,,,, M,,:v (
Jai. M. MoCobklb, I B. T. Bbsbbtt,
Albenurle, N. C . . Wadeabar', V. 0.
. JWf-tX . .. . . , . t A - ;;
' D. O. IQcRAE, ; , ,
ittomtj it Ltw ml Solicitor ti Equity,
AX DORADA, ARK.
80 . ; . r ly
JTOnif M. CLABK, '
Commlnlon and ForwardlnK norchtnt,
. VILMIXQTOX X. C. ;
PROMPT ATTF.NT0N GIVEN TO TnB BALK OF
COUNTRY PRODUCE, NAVAL STORES, AJIV
. , - ,COIT01t.- , ' v? '. -1
DEALER m LIME, PLASTER, CEXSXT,
97 HAIR, t& 1
BOBEBT II. COeTABT,
General Cammltrtan Merchant,
W1LMIKOTON, N. C.
gST- Offiot aonth corner Market and Water atrteta
np atelra. ' oo-ly
II. VT. ROBISIOt,
SirnOEOJf HE.TT1HT.
TTATINO PERMANENTLY LOCATED IN THE
JJL town of WaueaDoro , repecuuiiy iw i i
tendert hit Profeaalonal Serricea to allff: Jk
k. (km llxinr kail MTt- "l-UJrX7
ral yeara praetioe, he feela aafe in warranting aatia-
tAObim la ALU unSBAIlWWO. All uiaeawa oi uie
month aoeceaafully treated. Artiioial teeth, from one
... . r..i M annnl(1 In ViA KmI mad moat aDnrored
w m .Mil i
tyle Penona in the country jiaitti at tlieir reai
denoa when deairtd. .
Terma eaah whan the work la finuhed. i
Madeaboro', February 0, 1860-84-tf
NORTH CAROLINA
White Sulphur Springs,
WILL BE OPENED FOR VISITORS ON THE
. T..n. rk bm kiltltlMl tintr the nrea-
.,;-. .r ffii.br North Carolina Ruilroad.
nut an bour'a ride by aoperior tmniburea and attgea.
Xua 1 ropnewr oaa procoica iqv tvrvivv w
Timxipsnv TVI.ER
A Manager, wboae'eiperieaoe at tha moat Fathionable
Watering Placet of Virginia, added to bia command,
in anoearance and ceotieaianlT bearing, iuaura good
.order and good fare.
Toe very orn dalii kuu.w baAi(.n auu uuixi.
nivii no lIlHif'IAVS that tha eitr of Richmond,
-Vii-Kiniaaffarda, hare been procured.
. .......... m i 'viincpa' TlfTTTinn
K1U1M1 tnii;t.r.o nMw,,iiii.u
8AUX)S3 and BOWLING ALLEYS art at the com
mand of riaitora. Tha country ia derated and healthy.
The acenery ia beautiful, and rood moat excellent;
and tha pleaaure ground extenaiTe. There ia no bet
ter water than that afforded by the Notth Carolina
White Sulphur Springe.
- The patronage or tne caroun ia conuueuu; ic
t:.j tk. Pmnri.tnr far tha eanenaira out.
tira.vu w i J " "r ...
lay he hat made to fit np a Watering Place aoited to
their want. Aad he promiact that bo pain hall be
anared by himself or bia gentlemanly aaaiatent to ran
dr all who may rlait him ploaaant and comfortable.
Jla lal. laVUailL&O, ITVJ'inrVli
My 18. 1860-88-tf .
Boyden House, Salisbury N. C.
f THE 8CBSCRIBER BEGS USA au utfvaM
I hi friend and the budIm that be feat,
aa arent for William U. aad C. M. Hower-
inn taken hare of tbia avail-known and
popular Hotel, ertaated OB Main atrect, ia Jj"
. ..l-.iJ i kaiiaua nut of tht citr."1
Tht Houae aad furniture era entirely near, and he in
tend to euetaia tha reputation of tut home as a
First CUaa Hotel.
Aa omnltma wlU alwaya be found at tha Stodoa aa
Hie arriral of the trains, read ta carry pasatngen to
the Hotel free of charge. ;
Itrgnlar Bnardera, Lawyera and Jntora will Bnd a
eomforteble home at tbia bona. It i eooreniently
located. 88-tf TH08. HOWERTON, Agent
North Carolina College,
Mount Pleatant, Cabarrua Co C.
ri1HI8.PlU)llSIN INSTITUTION EXHIBITS
I a Couraa of Study Ulterior to none in the State,
ami it Board of Truateea feel confident that the pre
scribed caurae will be ably, ttriotly and aaUa&otorUy
carried out, baring aeeured the aerrVeea of men, in
tht eelection of tbair Faculty, qualified to teach upok
tht most apprortd ayatem. Erery member of tha
Faculty it a Southern maa bora and raised on South
ern aoil. t ' ' - i , ! "
Tha expenaea art laaa than thoae of any aimilar
Institution in the entire South. Thia ariaea, ia part,
from it endowment, and in part from its location in
a healthy aad preduetire section af the country, and
in a wealthy and moral community.'.
The annual exereiaet opes on or about the 3 HI h
or September, aad continue forty-twe weeka with
out intermission, except an Examination and Literary
Contest during the week including the 22d of Febru
ary. The half year exercise commence en the lid
of Febraary, and any student who ia not able to act in
at the beginning of the Collegiate year, can enter at
or about that time, paying for only the half ear,
. ' . ' TERMS.
Ia tha Preparatory DepartmentTwhich ia Intended
to fornirh yong men thoroughly for the College
elaaeea for Board, Tuition, Room-rent, Washing,
Fuel, Ac, for tha year.. ?! !
In tha College Department Do., do HO VO
- 0-oi Birariaily as tdeaiut. -For
further particulars addreaa, Tor Circular,
Col. JOHN 8HIMPOCH, 8eo. of Board,
Rer. D. II. BITTLB, Prea. N- C. College, or
Rer. O. D. BERNHEIM, Fin. See. N. C. College.
Mount Pleasant, N. C, Feb. 1, 1860-78-ly.
1I1LLSB0R0' MILITARY ACADEMY,
TTNDER THE CONDUCT OF COL. C. C.
U TEW, late Buperintendent of tht
Bints Military Academy of Columbia, 8. C.
Th Staff of Instruction compriaea Six Offi
cer. For a Circular aaarcat us eupennienuenh
Cotton Plantation
i.r .rso.r cou'jrrr'jvon s.ile
J- OFFER MY PLANTATION FOR SALE, CON
taining between TWELVE and THIRTEEN HUN
RED acrea, lying in the aouth western part of the
county, on the State line. Soma four hundred or fit
hundred acrea of which are in South Carolina, joining
y North Carolina lands. ," .. - Y.
Mr PLANTATION will admit, with enfficienl force,
0 (making TWO HUNDRED BALES F COTTON, be
side an abundance of Com, Wheat, OaU, Peas, Ac;
and I think thia yew, rotwithetandlng the dry weather,
1 .hall makt ONE UUNDRED BALES OF COTTON.
On he pr.laea,th.r. are very COM FORT ABLE
BUILDINGS, GIN HOUSE and 6CREW, CRIBS,
STABLES BARNES, BLACKSMITH SHOP, Ac.
Thoae wishing to examine the place, can do ae by
sailing on Mr. J . 8. Eason, my Orereeer, on the prem
iaca, or are ma at Monroe, in Union County.
- Tht tract of land contains aertral hundred acres ol
moat txcellrtit WOOD LAND; and that portion whiol
i. I. South Carolina, r
t Monroe, Ua'laa County, Sept. 4, 1800-105
Ti AO.CLEAN COTTON AND. LlNEN R0S
J, purchased at the Argue Pffiot. None seed be
offered unlet ef the abort deeorlption, , , ,L
B
LAm:iroTES-o
BALI
"AT "THIS
a-i r" t t
', ' WADESDOEOl'CH, K. C; THURSDAY; SOVEJIBER 59, 1SW.
NORTH CAROLINA. ARGUS
'' '' IJEIETTIOII IHCIDEST.
' Tbs .ibDowiDg gosh f patriotiol sentitqtDt,
prsfaotd the ballot depotited it Covington, by
gfss bairod Minister of tie Gospel : - ,-' ',
"TUB UNION FOROOD'8 BAKE, the UNION
as sarmtaers left It": i . . r" -i!vi
At tht aound of the BELL wa appear at the pollej
For a curat overhangs thirty million of aoula; '
Our proud, banaer'd Eagle, la low'ring hla ereat, :
And stoopt as he bleed with a barb la hit breaat.
Tha Demon of Diaeard It roaaed in the South, . . , .
Till tha blood-dropa of freedom distil from hi mouth;
Whiit the lash of the North through the nation re
tonnda,' .
And the wrath of our people is bunting its boaods.
O, God I sHall tbs birth-right of freedom be leetT
Shall the Start aad the Bsripet i the whirl-wind be
toeecdf " "
Ruabl rush to'tbs flag that flissaj ioMf la air
Whether fertoUnrldfS, ponglas, at Bail. ralUn thsral
iiB,t am ,-aa
' F ran th OrutMrolTtm.
18 oLITEII CUIPEB f .
' ' From the toneT of discussion bjr Southern politi
eiam, sod what thej term tbe prospect of the
extioction of ilavery in esse we receive into tlie
Union no more (lsre State, we bare been led
into the belief that tbe Southern, orilare Stated,
occupied, In point of sres, an inaignificsot posi.
tion 10 the Union. With this impression, and
wishing to see tbe worst, we bare made a close
examination into tbe facts, and our apprehc-oatona
bcinc so happily relieved, we will give our read
en the benefit of our examination.
Tbe United States baa an area of about 3,023,
460 square miles, or nearly ss large as the whole
of Europe. Of this the Ncw.EnpIsnd States,
Maine, New Hsmshire, Vermont, Massachusetts,
Rhode Island and Connecticut, hare an area of
08,126 square miles ; tbe Middle States, New
York, New Jersey and Pennsylvania, have an
area of 101,320 square miles ; tbe Western States,
MukiM. I lli in Tnitiana Illinois. Wisconsin.
l'.ll.ll'L.U'l - J J '
areas: Uelaware, square nuiea: iiiarvioiiu,
9,350 ; Virginia, 01,352 ; North Carolina, 5U,
000; South Carolina, 29,000; Georgia, 58,000;
Florida, 69,268; Alabama, 50,722 ; Mississippi,
47,150; Tennessee, 45,600; Louisiana, 46,451;
Texas, 237,321; Arkansas, 62,198; Missouri,
67,380; and Kentucky, 37,680 ; making s total
oT 853,584 square miles, or an sres of nearly 18,
000 square miles more than is embraced in all
the Free states. - la tnis estimate it win oc seen
that North Carolina is larger than tho Stato of
New York ; and that Texas could spare territo.
rv enoueh to make all tbe Htm England Mates
combined, together with New York, New Jersey,
Pennsylvania and Utiio, ana men rave enougn
left to make a state a large as South Carolina.
We. therefore, see no reason for the conclusion
that alavery is circumaribod,. compressed, and
about to be extinguished.
Fnai the OrMMbero' Times.
WHY ABE WIS DEPESDEXT f
Without palliating any offence from tbe North,
we emphatically say the South is the worst enemy
to the South. Why has New York, a smaller
State than North Carolina, 35 representative in
Congress while North Carolina ha only 10?
Bee use abe Das tbe larger population, t ery
well. Why has she the laiger population f lie
Mnse she Dreserves ber own energies at home,
and brings as much from other States as she can.
North Carolina to day is unable to engage in the
most trivial enterprise without first paying tribute
to New York. To illutrate, it wag only a short
time since when an excellent workman, a native
of the State, proposed .to. get up a company and
establish a large carriage manufactory. In pros
ecuting the enterprise and perfecting the arrango
neots, tbe'workman asserted that he could buy
hubs, spokes, &o., ready made in Now York,
cheaper than he could make them himself. lie,
therefore, proposed to buy Northern work and
merely put it together in bis Southern establish
ment. Such is a fair example in moat Southern
enterprises. And -the cause is plain to any one
who will make the least effort to investigate and
observe. Tbe work eao be done just as cheaply
in North Carolina ss in New York, provided the
same machinery be used ; but without a very
large patronage, the machinery would make an
investment too heavy to pay any profit. ' But the
Stato would not patronise such an establishment,
and it would Le foolish for any man to make the
investment. Such baa been the policy in the
past of our history.
SuDDose a change. ' North Carolina has water-
power to turnjhe machinery of the Union; she
has a fertile soil and salubrious climate' ; she has
inexhaustible supplies ot nil tbe useful and pre
cious metals ; why may she not become s manu
facturing Slato r it is tne manufacturing in
terests of the North that builds up the wealth
and the population of those States. North
Carolina, would make six States the sise of
Massachusetts : vet Massachusetts has about
300,000 mote population. We number little the
rise of 17 to the square mile ; Massachusetts tbe
rise of 145. Fill the table lands bf North and
South Carolina with manufactories, and in a few
trssra tnia seution oi country win uo cuuui m mo
... - t Ml I.- il.-
garueo spot Ol iiew oupmiiu, u uui a;
. x v-- J j ... il..,:..
town will be as New York, Philadelphia and
Boston.
We are not making idle talk just to havo some
thing to say ; w are speaking of what, might be
realities, and of what will be if our peoplo would
complain less of tbeir misfortune and strive
harder to remedy.- The remedy is easy, when
ooce we resolve to appl itf whesramee we suc
ceed in 'having tho, correct principle of State
pride inculcated into our people.
What applies to North Carolina, will apply JL
most other slave Mates, so that we Should say it
with shame when we
acknowledge that, the
North excelled us in population, wealth and
.a
power. It l all the doiogs of our own band?.
If the viper bite us, we warmed it into life. It
is prudent to learn wisdom by experience. Let
the past be h lesson of great wisdom to us; let
us change our policy, but be not that change se
oeaeion, or disunion ; there may be safety in tbe
Union, thera is none out of it. . The only change
necessary for our prosperity it far each State to
encourage her own enterprisesher own indus
try.' Employ her own school teachers, read her
own newspaper, raise ber oka produce, manu
facture het own goods. , Pursue this course, and
in less than twenty years, instead of 900,000 pop
ulation, North Carolina would bava over 3,000,-
ooo. , . . ' ' -
taUXnTj art is beat tangkl by axample; got
AW art prodaetiT af o4 rrieeda, '. :
lows end Minoesots, hsve n srea of 873,250 i cookmr. ; A botler or box for steams is mais
square miles; tbe I'scific States, Csliforuiasnd Ore-! pensable in every well arranged swill house. In
eon bave an ares of 294,081 square miles; making I this tbe meal may bo cooked snd tborooghly
a total for the Free States of 835,088 square miles. mixed with rooU and oilier vegetables. Tbe meal
The 6fteen Slave States have tbe followingi absorbs large quantities of water, ia more highly
v. . t ' , 1 f I l ) I .' . I. J U 1. n ....... .t,A tm- mnr. WArfnnlli. A I .
, : Hi.u..F.u.p.rk. . - i
It is usual wun msny fsrmers to put wis on
until sold weather lets in. .The pigs run in tbt
woods, tbs road, ot tbs past flrtekingrwp
sesoty living, and oomt' to tbs pent lean and
hungry, when they ought to be fattened. . In
our practics we keep pigi in the sty. the year
round. We find thain quite too valuable co-laborer
in the manufacture of manure to allow
tbem to waste tbeir sweetneas upon the desert
sir." ' A pig is worth ten dollars t year for thist
purpose alone, if you will give hiin the material
to work with snd plenty of food. 'But possibly
it may pay for a little time in the summer, to
keep the sows snd pigs in a good elover pasture
wham grass is more plenty than corn upon the
farmj If this ia done, all of (bem intended for
tbe iu'tchers by Christmas, should be shut up
imm4diatelyr snd be fed with all they ean eat.
A squealing pig is wore for bis owner's pocket
thaa for hie oars, ll is much easier to make
poriUej 8eDfwbr4n4 Jgcaoberjhan December
and January. No exlra amount of food is wastd
in keeping upthsanimnl heat. . It all goes to fat
and tnuscle. Variety cf food ia a matter of
much importance in fattening swioe. At thia
season a greater variety is easily commanded.
Tbe garden, if it is a good one, yields a great
mapy iefuse articles, squashes, loets, carrots, ap
ples, melons, tomatoes, and Corn, which will find
a good market in the sty. One of tbe best arti
cles of food for tbem is awect corn, cut up by
the roots and fed whole. They are very fond of
it, snd makes them thrive very fast. A half
acre near tbe sty may be profitably cultivated
every year expressly for this purpose. If this
be not ou band, corn from the field may be fed
in the same way once a day. But swine need
something more than green stuff, however nutri
tious, t make them fatten rapidly. -Tbe
cooking of food is more economical than
in generally aupposed, especially cpnn the farm,
where fuel costs little but tbe labor in preparing
it. . We think about one third of tbe value of
all the grains usually fed to swine, is saved by
1 .' - . ....
rcnoncu uj iu r'e'i "" ' " """" v
rested. Numerous experiments fully prove tho
economy of oooking tho food under ordinary cir
cumstance. Some claim that they can make
pork for less than three cents a pound in this
way. A dairy farmer of this State made one
year 8,227 pounds of pork. The seed from
Trbicb he did it-was-4,127- pounds f-eoriMHid
oat meal at 81 50a hundred, 470 pounds of shorts
at 75 cents, 147 bushel of potatoes at 16 cents,
all of which were cookjd, and half an' acre of
green peas worth, say 815 ; making the total cost
of feed 8103.95, or not 2 J cents per pound for
the pork. The value of the wbey and sour milk
was not reckoned. Tbis and the labor of feed
ing, with tbe fuel of cooking, are very properly
balanced, against the manure they made.' There
can be no doubt that tbe oooking of tbe food
pays well. ... . , "
A dry, warm place for sleeping is another im
portant item in keeping swine thrifty. They
should have a good sty with a roof, aad a board
floor, and plenty of straw so that tbey can Keep
themselves clean.. With these conditions pork
can be made very fat. and the sty wilh be found
to pay as well as any part of tbe farm arrange
nituts xiniericaii Ajriculluritt.
Cotton Culture Abcodoord in India. . .
Foreign papers'contain the following very sig:
, ft, , ,,. .
mficant paragraph, showing tht after all the pro-
traded effort to grow cotton in the British In-
tea enori to grow conon in me urn s. iu-,
dia possessions, the attempt bar at length been
aoanuoncu as uopeicss ; .
"In the annual report or the ljomoay CDam
brr. of Commerce a statement announces tlr t
the Indian Government had finally- abandoned,
as being hopeless failures, their experiments at
cotton growing in that country! These experi
ments had commenced as far back ai 1789, and
were prosecuted almost without iutermission dur
ing the seventy-two years that have since elapsed.
They had cost, from first to last, 350,000, and,
as the report statos, had absorbed the energies
and intelligence of governors, collectors, commis
sioners, American planters, and painstaking
amateurs'. Yet the result of all this prolonged
effort and enormous outlay had been nothing but
a continued scries of disappointments." ' One
solitary -success is recorded as having been
achieved, on 'a small scnle,' by Mr. Shaw, collec
tor at Dharwar, who taking up the enterprise in
1840, upon an area of only 220 acres, developed
the results o rapidly that in 1851 there were
31,088 'kupas' planted with American, and 224,-
14 with native cotton, and in isou tne area m-
creased to 156,310 kopas appropriate lohe i !n Coni anj for .hich,she- became rc
Amcrican, and 230,507 to the native variety of ; J ;,.; upon the purchase of the
the plant. It does not appear that Mr Shaw was i v nnd effects of that Company. '
assisted by any Government grant in this work ; a jd;tion to ,hu f0rPj.oing QCtuul indebted
and, at all evenls, all direct: co-operation of .the the pubic fatth is pledged to the following
State with tbe cultivation of cotton is now sura- j IuiIroad pempallies in amount named, upon a
mrily "abandoned." - - t -1 compliance with certain conditions set forth in
. , i - M i -I i " 'i ' -i . . . ' . .i
'-.-' . .; Save the Leaves. -.
If Brother Jonathan were as saving of ma
nures as John Bull is he would be a better farmer.
Nooneknows until he has seen it how careful Eng.
liahabd European- farmers and Gardners are of i
... .... 1 . ... . i 1
vrv ihintr winen ean do convertcu lnio uia-
f . . ' ' .r, j r .!..:-:!.
Dure; and tUlS IS one grounu oi iueir,jUiierioiT
io agriculture. JNow let us repeat wnat we nave
often said, that few things are more valuable for
fertilizing purpose than decayed leaves. They :
Gather i
ar hardly inferior to barnyard manure.
.. .1.: v...
.1. si.;- -saa.- a-. Vntrssn.Ksa- W
fore they are covered by the .now. They are
. . J. . . ......... ..j !
abundant every where, lyinB in heads and wind
rows in tbe forest and by the roadside snd by
the fences in every yard. The wood-lot should
not be stripped clean of them ; but doubtless
... A.-ma-'b tnnil Mnnljiini mnrA tit thrm hftflb
..j't. .1.'. u. .;m t hm.
ln-,ke. tiiem UD bv raUnc or by sweeping with
a nil luers tuau 110 va uuu iu wv vie wvaaiv ,
-Ji: . . " " w. ?a
a large b rch broom. Stack- them and paok tnem
? jj: m.v. - i,:k i.
wine large wagon, uuutHB siueuuaius a ui.. .
convenienl; you will hardly get ,00 heavy . load, j
P. tltam linmn Still 11fl
. " j 1 .u ..- . ' . ; ,1,. (. ;
use tbem as ocuaing ior cai -
lie ana noises : uao iucui jui Kvuijiuoi .u .no o.-
ble-yard 1 we them to protect tender grape vines
aod ahrob. and pl.nta in winter. Strawberry
natche. will fairly aing for joy under such a
nhZlLloLTlKwLwXU leave,
and tis thcm.-mer.Vn J?Hcft.riiw..7' !
aou uta wi, . ,
Tixiu'a Lasd."" I wish I wss in Dixie,"
ia now the popular yell and frefisy in New Or
leans. ' ' Dixie" it aa eld time term, expressive
of the negro idea of Heaven that is, a place
-Um is hi wnrk. nlentv of Doaaum. ciif.
meat, sweet potatoes, hog, hominy and molasses,
idlmdjr for cauag. -,- .i .;
- GOVERIVOR'S MESSAGE.
To th IloHoreiU, ; r-
Tiit General Auemlly of North Carolina :
Gentlemen i Elected by tbe universal auffra
ges of a fret people, yon have assembled at the
time appointed by la-, to consult together for
the common good and to adopt such measures as
may b demanded by tbs public welfare. .
Although your session opens amid political em.
barrassments in our Federal affair of a character
calculated to excite in every patriotio mind, pain
ful apprehensions for the maintenance of existing
political relation with our Confederate State,
yet, we are eurrounded here at home with such
evidence of happiness and prosperity a to im
press us with a deep sens of our many obliga
tion to tbs Supreme Being who bat graciously
directed our council in tbe paat and opon whom
mutt be our chief roliaoce for a safe deliverance
from. the' evil that threaten the future of our
country.
' Within (he political period embracing the pat
two years, our peoplo bave been signally blessed
with physical health; the returns of agriculture,
though somewhat dimiuiabed by tho blighting
influence of tbe drought that widely pervaded
tho country during tbe last season, have been
such a to afford reasonable reward to :he labors
of the husbandman; tbe increased yield of our
mine furnishes gratifying evidence of the grow
ing importance of that interesting branch of in
dustry; tho products of mechanioal and manu
facturing pursuits have steadily increased in
amount and improved in quality; commerce has
prospered, and tbs advantages of education bave
been more widely extended than heretofore, ex
hibiting as ever the natural result of sociul de
velopment and moral elevation.
The moral and material progress thus materi
ally evidenced may be traced for a cause, directly
and unerringly to the great, system of Internal
Improvements that has for tho past ten 'years,
been prosecuted under the patronago of the
State. '..',
Our publio works have steadily advanced from
their beginning point on theAilanile Ocean Jar
into tho interior of the country, stimulating as
they progress every, department of industry, by
offering new facilities r transportation and
opening up-sources of publio wealth that bave
heretofore slumbered, and otherwise would. have
contiuued to slumber in .their natural barren
ness. Guided by tho examplo of my predecessors,
I will proceed to lay before you the operations of
the Government for the political period designated,
ahdTCspcctfully tosnggest the adoption of such
measures as, to me, the public interests may seem
to require. More detailed statements than would
be compatible with the nature of this communi
cation will bo furnished by the heads of tho sev
eral departments in tbeir regular biennial reports..
' , PUBLIC DEBT AND USANCES.
The subject to which I shall .first invite your
attention, deeming it of primary importance, is
the condition of the finances of the. State.
A rigid observance of tbe publio faith is a
sentiment deeply impressed upon the minds and
hearts, of the people of , North Carolina, and the
more sacredly cherished because of the fact that
in all our past history that faitb lias receivad no
ftarnish.Tbis well known disposition of
the
publio mind foibids a doubt that you will see
that aniple provision is made 1(3 meet beyond
every contingency the accruing interest on tho
publio debt, and for tbe payment of the princi
pal upon matuiity. And .happily for .us, the
discharge of this doty, as will appear from an
examination of our financial affairs, will not so
CXamiUailOU Ol our Uliuuvim hiiuub, mil iiui
legislation and the impo
" , .,.,, ..,. (Vw KsM:nini frL
. . , . . - -h.M:niB . ...
. uwct a8
ish the Drescnt receipts of the Treasury. The
following abstract, taken from the books of the
1'ublio Treasurer, exhibits the amount of the
debt of the Str.te on the 1st dnyof. October last
tho beginning of tho present . financial year, to
gether with the purposes for which it was "con
tracted :
For North Carolina Railroad.-.. $3,000,000
For Atlantic andN.'C. RU....... l,4Co,605
For Western N. 0, Railroad.... 1,130,000 . .
For Wil. Char, and Uuth. RR. 400,000
Kor Fav. and Woftcru RU...... 8!)0,(l00
For Giieton and Weldoii RR.... . . 87,000
-?(5,3S3,o05
For Plankroads,
For Kireaa and Cuunl .
For Lunatic Asylum....
For Literary Fuud.......
For General Purposes ...
180.OIK1
"laa.OUO
81,000
1 ,030,000
740,000
Total indebtedness . ...
!.'J,1U9,505
. In the foregoing list is embraced a debt of
$300,000, for which tho State was originally Ha-
l.l f . tl.n. ''onn Vinr liirpr Vflri.
' their respective charters, anl rnji naiancc ot me
j approprialinahiijQae Fear'arid Deep River
! To Wil. Char. & R. R. Co
.$1,709,900
. 2;870,000
.. 100,000
,20,000
To WcstJ. C. R. R. Co
To FavBtteville & West. R. R. Co.
I'm rt IV O- T. 11 - AV.
lot. r,s u. . nai. nviu.
, $4,099,900
These cornameS havo'ao far complied with the
nrovisionsof their charters, eutilling them fo the
aid of the Stato, as to leave no doubt that the
ho 6 ot the above suiiLWiii Dd canea ior ov icin
. . . . . .1, i t, - j e L .1
"ithin a very few years, with the excep ion of
fil (inn (inn nf tho amount trnarantied to the
81,000,000, of .the amount guarantied to the
Western North Carolina ll ailroail Company, wmcn
wll not be required, because of the fact, that
tbeir road will be completed to the French Broad
River, its present terminus, for a sum less,
b
! that amount, than was originally contemplated
I" he State is also liable, by endorsement, tor tne
. .... . . - . .
""b""- " , ' -, r
the sum of 8150.000. A loss on aceouut of
W n.mntAfi ar4 WAliInn If uilrnirl I 'AmMllV. Ill
----- -- - v , , ,
- "i"J o- -
at maturity. The nrecise time
, . , r , , :i ja
moneysbecommgdiie the foregoing Railroad Um-
panics, will be .pp.. ed fet b, fi" -
tain ; it is not a. all probable, however, that more
than 1,500,000 w.U be required during the
i -Sresent aad ensuing financial jears This sum
. r ou)J gwel amount of mJcbtedness to 810,-
RQ fiOo : tha annual interest on which, together
with the average annual expenditures of the gov
ernment, 893,000, wjlLgive- the um of 728,
424.76, aa an annual charge upon tba Pubtit
Treasury for tbe present and coming year. . This,
it will be observed, embrace th interest 00 tha
aaaxisartm aasountof debt tot tba period; which
it will b observed, embrace the interest on
WHOIE KC'llC.
will not, however, have been contracted until
some time in tha next yesr, for which reason, a . '
deduotioo of several thouaaud dollars should be '
made, from the sum atated at necessary for tba
one year and the same amoant added to that re
quired for the other. The receipt into the Trees-,
nry, from tbe ordinary coureei of revenue were
for tbe past two years, aa follow : -
Receipt for 1857-68.. ...$C,V,m 4ff
Receipt for Ioo9-C0.. 691,019 04
Total receipt for lost two yare $1,810,884 02 '
To this sum should be added 814,279.72, dus
from two defaulting Sheriffs, and for which judg- -menu
Have been obtained agaioat tbe turetir orr
their ofEeial bond.
Tbo estimated receipts for tbe present and en
suing fiscal yean, are, as I am informed by the (
1'ublio Treasurer, aa follows :
Estimated receipt for 1800-01 $800,002 89 -
. 180M2 889,822 07
Total est d receipts for next two yeara, $1 ,726,425 00
It thus appears thaftba liabilities of th Stats
can be met without any increase of the taxes af"
your present session ; snd, indeed, tbat tbey may
be reduced without. detriment- to the publio ser
vice. ' "
This statement, however', is predicated on lbs' .
supposition that the Sinking Fund will be charg
ed with the payment of 8170,000, of the public
debt falling due prior to tht 1st October, 1803.
Tbe present condition and prospective receipts of
that Fund, as will hereafter more fully appear,
will justify such a course, and I therefore recom
mend that it be directed by the Legislature.
To meet tho crinciculof tbe present liabilities.
the' State bus the following stocks and effects : -Haleigh
and Gaston RR, stock, par value.. $487,600
North Carlina and Gaston Kit. stuck do.. ..2,000,000
North Carolina preferred 6. per cent do.... 1,000,000
Atlantic and North Carolina RR. do.... 1,006,600
Westorn North Carolina RR. do...-.l,180,000
Altemarle and Chesnpeake, Canal, do.... 850,000
Bond of Wil. C. and Ruth. RR. Co., do.... 400,000
Honda of Fnyetteville "i d West.- RR. do.... 800,000
Debt due from A. nod N. C. RU., do.... dOO.OOO .
Interest on A. and N. C. RR., , do..... 12,(109
Principal of SiiAing Fond 457,040
$7,603,140
A reliable provision basbeeh made for the pay
ment of tbe public debt, as it falls due, by the
creation of a Sinking Fund. The receipts of
this Fund consist, of the dividends of all the rail
road stocks owned by tbe State, and inch bal
ances as may remain in the Public Treasury, from
time to time, after paying all current demands
upon it. The whole amount of the Fund at this
time is 8157,040. The following are its receipts
foi -the-two past fiscal years, together with tbs
sources from whence derived j
Receipts by dividends on N. C. RR. stock.
Receipt br dividend on Ral. and Q. do...
Receipts hy Surplus Revenue
Receipts by Interest ou Bonds
$220,000
78,000
100,000
21,570-
Total Receipts for two last years .. $419,670
The rapidly increasing business of our railroads
gives the highest assurance tbat ihi Fund wilt"
prove fully equal to the great purpose for which
it Was established. After the present year its
annual receipts will, probably, not fall short of
half a million dollars, and may possibly exceed
that amount. " . ' ':
An iubvions reason why our railroads may be'
relied upon Tor reasonable dividends, when pru
dently managed, as at the present time, is to he'
found in the fact that they are constructed main
ly by slave labor; which, for all purposes not re
quiring mechanical skill, is undoubtedly the
cheapest that can be employed. .
No more conclusive evidence of 'this fact could
be desired t n that famished by a comparison
of tbe cop A ours with the cost of roads com
structcd witb a different kind of labor.
Our great lino of roud, from Beaufort, .Harbor
to Cowaua, (Duck Town,) ontbc Tennessee line,
a distance of 5U0 miles, will, when completed,
cost: $12,G10,OW). Of this line of road 848
miles havo been actually completed; 50 miles
more let to contract, aud the remainder, 162
miles, has been surveyed and careful estimates
made of the cast, so. that the entire cost of tbe
road, when finished, may be' stated with almost
exact certainty. On the other hand, we find,
that the Erie road, in tho State cf New York,.
some 400 miles in length, cost 832,000,000.
( w rliiiVrenilv st'iitcd. the cost of our road will be
822X00, while that of tho Eric is 880,000 per
.. . ... .,. . b trn
mile. A-clear protit on tne iormer 01
per mile, would give a dividend of 6 per cent
while on the biter it would require a net profit
of 81,800 per mile to give the saino dividend. -Like
comparisons between roads siniilnr'jsituated
will r.iu-cr fail, it is bi-licvcd. to develop the fact'
of the superior cheap..- of slave labcr when em-'
ployed in the construction 01 rauroaas.
Financially and socially this is an important
fact for usTlt gives The assurance that ouf rail
road investments will prove dividend-paving
stocks, and that the public debt, contracted fur
the construction of these works, will be finally
liquidated thereby. I have an abiding convic
tion that many of the present generation "'
live to sec our public jdebt paid off by receipts
-.,. mi'morla' sriit tliS"r.aJ4 themselves left un
encumbered, vielding'a richer. revenue to the
. . . . 1
Stato than has tieretoiore oeen couecieu or issa
tion, and superseding, entirely, the necessity for
taxation. ,- ;. ', ;. -
Tho fact is an important ona too, in a social
point of view, as it teaches us, tbat there is a
proper division tif labor,, which if wisely ob
served, will avoid all possible conflict of interests,
and enure to the advantage' of all. This divi
sion consists in the employment of slave labor
where- physieal force rather than an exercise of
the mental faculties is required, and the- assign
ment of that field of labor demanding th em
ployment of skill and educated reasoning facul
ties., in its profitable pursuit, to the white racer
where thesequalitiea are mainly and almost ex--clusively
to be' found.. . - .
The marshaling of labor upon this principle,
is dictated, it is believed;' by s sound publio pol
icy, as tending to the development of that va
r tha industrial pmrilovmcnt. and the r)er-
fection of that mechanical and manufacturing .
skill, that go to make op tne power 01 a estate ;
and to that harmony of interests, 10 necessary to
every well organircdsnekty;
RAILROADS. .
The State having embarked largely in worksof
internal improvements, their condition snd pros
pects will furnish, doubtless, an interesting sub
ject of yoar deliberation.
. Tt .Uitf an art nf the Lectslatura, at its
last Session, the Cape Fear and Deep Rivar NaT-
- . t J af... aksk Kttawsa. Vwti
igation Worka were purcnaau ior m, vj
the Governor, at a sal directed by tba first saort
gag creditors, for the sum ol $365,000. N
purchase money waa paid beyond that on debt
of prior lien to those for which tha Stato was tv
snowible, and which were secure by a aWWBej.
T Ji . - CTtjra moama.