HILLSBOROUGH RECORDER.
Vol. 1. WEDNESDAY, APRIL 26, 1820.
Xo. 13.
HILLSBOROUGH, N. C.
FL'BLISHED WEEKLY
BY DENNIS HEARTT,
AT THREE DOLLARS A TEAR, PAYABLE
U ALE YEARLY IN ADVANCE.
Those who do not (five notice of their with
to have (heir paper discontinued at the expi
ration of tbrir year, will be presumed aa de
siring its continuance until countermanded.
Whoever will guarantee the payment of tune
papers. shall receive a tenth gratis.
Advertisements not exceeding fourteen lines
will be inserted three times for one dollar, and
t went) -five cents for each continuance.
Subscriptions received by the printer, and
most of the post-masters in the state.
All letters upon business relative to the p_
per must be post-paid.
?#* Gentlemen of leisure, who possess a
taste for literary pursuits, are invited to uv<>ur
us with communications.
Tru\ eWer^s Inn.
A. MASON k Wm CLIFTON,
having purchased that well known s'ai.d in
llil|*t>orough from Mess's- Hinton Si Bi..me
of Petersburgh, formerly the | ruperty of Mr.
Henry Ihompson. Tliev inform their friends
and the public generally, that they are now
prepared to accommodate as many a* may ho
nour them wivb the>r company Tht-y ?re pro
vided witii good beds, liquors, See. and will
ke*-{> a* good a table as the country w ill afford
They nrc also prov ided with g??od stable*, and
Will always keep the best ot p(v?veudt-r Try
Solicit a ahare of tiie peonage of tb<- public
.Mr. Clifi n will al??y? ui?e his pers'xial acr
Vices, and pledges humeit to the public, to do
alt in hi* power to please and gi*r entire sa
tisfaction.
Hillsborough, N. C- April 10, 1820. tf-10
50 Do\Ura
TIIK ab ve icuard <it F fty Dollar* will be
given for the apprehension ot the tlnef
u bo < meted rn> bed room , some time in the
mont '? of January la*!, between the hours of
?even and eight o'cl-nk in the eveninh, and
bore off my walcti and establishment; it i? a
gold watch of tnc follow mg description, made
in Liverpool, by M J Tobias, No. 1452; two
it4lk of fine guld, the kc\ alto of fine r*i.
ami the chain ot common jeweller's gold. The
subscriber wiU give l'lc above re * ^ rd lor
"ither the watch or the thief
William U. Whitted.
/Ti-'Ubvoug-h, April 3 y? 3w
ilj" The Editors of the Milton Intrlhgenc-.r,
Kalcigh tt' gister, and Favetlctile U:>?cr?rr,
are r<que?ted to m?ert the above in ilit'T re -
^pectue pa(?-r? th?-e Umes, and lur?af\i their
uunu **?>? uftti*.
&0 DoUar^ WeNsavA.
r> AN av?a\ from J .hns'.on county. V. C on
V. the 2d instant, KimLre V inson a:ul l.ar
ki i N in son, a<?-<i abml UrH'ytwu and luiir
Uen tears. They carried oti * ith them five
N'. r* h-s, viz. Jack, aired about torty-i?.o, a
woman, ag>d about iwenty-iix, and inree chil
dren, bo>s, the el?!' <t alioiit hve \Car? <if
JnCk it ab ut ti?e ki'l rlevrn niCllra '? |c t?. ">i
woman is ov? tne common * z< , an<1 fir ;?d
van< e*l in picgnano They carried oft u ttii
them an ol<t cfiair, both shafts broKtn, *?ii| a
small poor bav mart-, with a blaze !acr. Il .?
supposed th< \ air aiming for Itror^u or ,\l..
bams. I'hirt) dollars vb ill b- givvn by us tot
securing the Negrova ?.> tliat we g. t them
igaili, allU all ICavonabu chargt S pai>t.
S.unm-I (? huiitlu
Kt) tli'ltnt*.
Should the above described Negroes be
<*aiif?li' or lie^id ot, we w all ililoin a . ? - ii to be
given to the po?it niastir at Smithtiekl, N C
?War,/. 25, 18 0. 8? 3w
'Lj" The editor* of the Carolina Ob?iTv i r,
1 aiettev illc, and the Kaln^h ir, ,?rc re
que* ted to g'Vc the shove mive i*-??rti"ns,
unu forward their accounts to this otticv.
NiVYlCU.
1 1 tIIKMKAS I gave to Jonn UhIkh * Vote
W I- r the ?um of four htirdred wMb-s,
on which their is a err lit of tit t \ ?l< >lt .rs, and
an "It * note w? tfiven lor a certain ne;'r?> n.an
Frank, v ho \? a? the property of /'olh Herrin,
and v?*s sold by the fta'd Itjvberry, :i ? tier
guardian. Now be it known, hat I lie el'\
forw*ru any |>ersoti from trading lor the ?aid
note, at I xm determined n it to pay it, until
it shall turtn icntlv a|i|n ar that the s>id l( i?
bery had a l"?*l rt^lit to si ll the ?aid mgro
Gt'orj^c Allen, (of John.)
Lfft vhvliU, \pril f>, 16 20. Jt ? \'J
XV
.NOV 1 15 v..
1^1 Id, be ? Ypixrd to public sale, tn the
? h ^h? si hi id r t> ?r rraily money, at the
market limine in Hillsborough, on Saturday
the '2 th ilav ol May next, the eastern half of
l>.t No. 15, in smrl town, the property of
Kh/.alntth Uifkev, or so much thereof as will
pa-, tin* t ?v?n i a x , due thereon, lor the year
18iy, at'd the costs of file
Il> older ol the board commissioner?.
.loM-pli A. Woods,
April 11, 19. U Clerk.
J|(M'8KS and Lots in Hills
borough for s.dc, adjoining the widow
fVi Ids, and others. I will give a ??"*??* bar
gain ot theni, as I have no use for them The
Mtiution is elegant, and would answer well
for ?* tavern I bey are twelve-acre lote. . ilso
a vrong young Metro fellow, a good farmer,
??>d Can work at the carpenter's business
vfivi x new wng^nn and |feer", never used
to prevent trouble, the house where I live
'??ll in.?t l u si, b|.
Il.trnabriH O'Karril.
Mason Hall Eagle Hotel.
A. MASON,
WISHES to inform hit former customers
and the public generally, that he ha*
nearly finished his hous^, so that he i? now
able to accommodate as til iny as may honour
hini with their company. His house is large,
having seven comfortable rooms which have
fire places in them, suitable for families, or
travelling gentlemen u i-.li n jr such. He has pro
vided <ood beds, liquor^. Sir and will keep as
(food a table as the neighbourhood will afford.
He is also provided with good stables, and
will l?ays keep the best provender. The
si ua'<on of the p'ace is plia.sa-it, and very
healthv (>entlen? n w'.ahing to visit him with
their f undies, during the summer scav?n, can
be ac?*:nimodatetl on tnoder?t terms.
'I he kei per nt this establishment pledges
himself to the public to do ail .n his pm?er to
piesse aiui give cti.ti e satisfaction. ('? ntlcmi-n
whe call can imuse 'lv in selves in read in; the
i.ewspapris in to* h*li-r.?om, where i.e keeps
files ? t pajx-rs fro:n almost, every pari of the
IJn ted Sutes.
Mason Hall, Orjnge ennntv, X. C. >
Feb. 28, ls20. * S *
CASH RTOYVY,.
THE subscriber ha> lately opened a s'ore
in HilUboruugh, in toe bouse formerly
occupied b? him. where he oHers for sale on
very low terms for cash, a very c#ns.derable
assortment of
(3??2)33
among winch are,
A larpe assortment of superfine, fine, and
coarse broad cloths, superfine and fine rassi*
m? res, bed, duple and l?u<ch blankets, coat
ings, ve?tmgs, white and coloured plains,
tiai iiels and bnu-es. cas?imere and (Union
crape shawls, collicos, bombjizeties, cm ton
hose, black silk handkerch els, an assortment
of ^<ins, sniru of whi? h are of a very superior
quality; trice cha.ns, weeding hoes, fry ing
pans, an\il?, \u es.nl ?'ge and hand hammers,
bellows pipes and band*, c wie\ and blister
ed steel, carpenter's plane*, imported wiggon
boxes. patent cutm^ Lnive* anil scy he blades,
and a very large assortment of Hardware aUn
Cutlery .
Kit kland, Webb St Ov have always on hand
a considerable quantity of skirting, bridle,
bag, upper art 1 soal lea. her.
I wish to employ u steady young
m^n, who can come Hell i ee<?ni mended, and
who hat been brought up to the mercantile
business, and is a good accountant.
>> ni. Kirklunri.
Hillsborough, Fe^. 23 3 ? 3w
no nee.
Tin: attention of the public is n^uestcdto
ll?<- following st4t? tne r.i On the rTcninf
of Saturday the lVili instant, the house of the
subscriber, on Swift cre;-k. ? as entered during !
tier .thst-nce, bv John Hr.a:i, and a free rnnlat- t
<t?e ^irl named IhCfv .W Hire, the daughter of I
l>% dia ?I/oot> , %*as forcibly tak-n and carried
4W.,\ in a chair b\ the said Bryan. It t* b* -
In vfd tha' h* has a tiirprd bill of salt* fur the
cirl, pur,?orting to have been fjcculcd by her
moibtT, wnd it is feared th.il he bus Carried the
girl to t e south. With 'he I'tentioo of St-lling
Iter. H c\ ,1 ft Mire has l.?ed with the subscri
ber >-ver sinc? ?tie was fifteen :p intlis >ld, and
t tact of her freedom c^n he proved, bevi.nd
the possibility of a doubt. S;?e is now about
Seventeen years old, five feet high, with a
\el'o>?ish o tnpli rr, thick b.sliybn-r, and
wears rings in her e^r?
Rr' an is ab?ut ?i* tei't h'gh has blue eyes,
is a l*i tie round shouidtred, and bas a long
no?e.
The editors of fMithern pane rs are request
nl to gt*e the forrgomg *?? los-rtion in their
respective papers, as pos-iM* ii tn .v s?v?- from
a s'ate q| jla* cry tin* gitl, ? ho has an unqui. a#*
tiouable rigut to hWfiwlonl, ^ j
Cijjjirtt inc Vr\*?i
Swift f*j i ek, fr;i*' iW 'nunt \ , )
February 25, lHJO. J 5tf j
T\\fc V\ovfte.
OSTIl It'll,
\lrI!.L stand the ensuing season, to com -
'V iwirt (he fiist day ..f \nril and end
the first day "f Augunti ? ??? M>.iday and I ues
day nl eich week at James Morrow's, on Cane
rr. rtc; on Wfilrfidiv in i-arli week at James
if -ltcliiKon'tf c*q : and no Thuisday, Friday
i uiid Saturday at Muson Jla'l, a',1 in the county
of Orange) will cover mar? s :?t the reduced
price of lour d<>l!ar* the leap, 'lie ca?h to be
pud at the time <(f service; sit dollar* the sea
son, if paid at an> time within the seasan,
o' her wise eight dollar* will he charged for
the a? Hson, and ten dollars to insure a mare
with foil, which money will become doc as
soon as P can be ascertained the marc is with
foal, or the property changed.
All poasible care will he taken to prevent
acnd? nls, hut the subscriber will not be liable
lor any that may happen.
PKDICiRl P..
Os'rich, a beautiful bay, black legs, mane
ami tail, five feet four inches high, was thir
teen years old last July, was bred by Allen
Young, of the county of Mecklinbnrg, in the
! state ot Virginia; was gotten by the imported
horse Wrangler, and came out of the celebra
ted mare Miss Fidget, her sire the imported
Sterling, her dam by Old ousetrap.
Joint Mason.
N H. Gentlemen bring at a distance, who
think projH-r to send their mares to the sub
scriber at Mason llall, are informed that their
marcs shall he well fed, and pastured gratis.
.March 2, I82y. 5? 3m
liliLAlTJia)
ot U'wuYs,
for tale at this oflije
For the Hillsborough Recorder.
/)/ . TO THE rEOPLE or
^ NORTH CAROLINA.
I am about to address you on a sub
ject which 1 deem all important to you
as citizens ofthis cwinioiiwealrti;? it is
one which mainly WfoIvcs in its discus
sion the existence of your civil liberties,
and the preservation of your fortunes:
in a word it is the banking operations of
your state.
I apprehend that by the mismanage
ment of these institutions, a sonrce of
greatercalamityhas bp ungthanever oc
curred to mark any former period of our
history; and it is, I bej? leave to observe
beforehand, distinctly and avowc ' ly the
purpose of this address, to inquire into
the causes of the present and unexam
pled distress, pervjdinj; all parts of our
Mate, and running .down through every
j?rade of society. The commercial tm
bat rasmrnts which, proce.dii.g in a
meat measure Irom a spirit of over* rad
inj? and speculation, have by the natu
ral ties and bonds existing in society,
ex'ended f.iemselves to the ^reat itms>
of the population in this country. Ti?e
facilities with which wy could all handle
bank paper, seems naturally to have en
gendered this spirit ol speculation.
For the last thirty years, a tneatre for
commercial operations in consequence
of the naval supremacy of hnghnd has
op ned on trie civi iz< d wmii !, which
could not tail to stimulate th . industry
and arouse the cut. ???prize ol all nations:
during this period G>eat But mi and
A meiica b?*came the tw o mo^t commer
cial nations, and found empioynuut for
t e capital and industry ol the others.
Tins monopoly of trade and commerce
enjoyed b) America to an equ .1 extent
with Great Britain, bi fore our cai l ying
trade was put and. end to by Ord rs in
Council, Berlin and Milan decrees, 6c r.
*vas the cause, anj the chief cause of our
< xti uordinai y pso*^ lity during that pe
riod. The restrictive system for a while
put a stop to this tide of commercial
prosperity, which was rolling our coun
try on to greatness and wealth: ? a tem
porary su'-prnMon ol business followed
these impolitic measures, and much
capital was thrown out of active employ
ment; ? some commercial embarrass
ment was then felt, but such as expe
rience has taught us was only a foretaste
of the times that were to follow.
The exclusive advantages which we
enjoyed by the carrying trade had a
wonderful effect towards developing the
powers and resources of our own coun
try. But not contented with that natu
ral stimulus which such a favorable
combination of causts would have ap
plied to the industry of the country, we
would contribute an artificial excite
ment by the cr? vioo of country banks,
under an i tea o' adorning to enterprise
and fx?*it>r>n tiie necessary fa?ili-iesto
succcss. Then commenced through the
wnuie interior of the Uoited States, thit
scene of overtrading and speculation, to
which I before alluded? thousands were
tempted to forego the slow, yet regular
pi ? fits of their employments, for the
more dazzling, yet precarious boon of
specula ion, and the " sh tpc and body"
of the times soon acquired a new form
and complt xton. IV ser.ioiis were ma !c^ i
f'utn every >tati n and grade in society
?a clnss advcniiners sprung up who
^out;ht to make fortunes, either by a
cunning s'ruke or a bold dash of specu
lation. Duiing the prevalence of this
mania for trading, agriculture lost in
fact tliat prim try respect, which was
before entertainer. lor it, in tin- very in
terior of out count! > coincident with !
this state of things was the war with (?.
Britain. ? After its termination, a id in
proportion to accommodations at the
hank, the t?-vcr raged with increased
violence. ? \bout 'he first of the year
1 8 1 H , aff.-irs had reached a climax. The
vicsisitudes winch have been brought
about Iroin 'ha' Mine, to the present, are
appalling even to the imagination, but
the consciousness of their reality har
rows up the sensibilities of the human
heart, to a pitch, little short ol phrenzy.
In the year 1815, alter the gcncial
pacification in Europe, and the conse
quent employment of disbanded soldie
ry in the maim fact ui ing establishments,
or in agricultural pursuits, a general
revulsion of trade, both in Fngland and
the United States. The attention of the
continental sovereigns, as well as that of
their subjects, was drawn from war to
the arts of peace.
Agricultural and commercial indus
try emancipated from feudal servitudes
and restriction*, resumed more than
their former activity, and afforded the
means of acquiring a comfortable sub*
sistcnce, not only to that portion of the
population which hod been taken off by
the army, but also to the disbanded sol
diery. Every specics of business on the
continent of Europe fell into that chan
nel, marked out for it by the laws of
nature, while the capital of those coun
tries quickly acquired that aim atvl di
rection by which it could be turned to
the most productive account. Compe
tition poured into the markets front all
quarters of the world, and English and
American monopoly wa? at once de
stroyed for that surplus produce, to the
growth of which such a factitious stim
ulas had been applied, no market could
be found. The sudden cessation of the
demand for English commodities in the
continental markets, produced great dis
tress and difficulties, and was the causc
of those riots and commotions which
occurred during the latter part of the
year 1816. As for us Americans we
contrived to get clear of our surplus pro
duce, by overloading our importing
houscswith British manufactures ; since
when, the demands lor the staples of
American produce in Europe has di
minished, at least one half; the conse
quence of all this has been, that a paral
ysis in this country, with some slight
variations, has been felt in every branch
ol agru ultural and commercial industry.
The cessation of tfie continental demand
for English commodities, was attended
with this ciicumstance in relation to us,
that they were thrown upon the hands of
the American importer, at a prire which
j <lid not do much more than clear the
costs of fabrication; and although our
j surplus produce went in part payment
of the enormous debts contracted tor
these manufactures, the balance remain
ing unpaid was immense. W hen these
di bis became due, lor pay day, as mod
ern experience testifies, wili c?>me, the
importers I. ore duwn on the wholesale
mer'l.ant; the wholesale on the retail,
and tlv l.iiter again on their cqstomcrs;
thus the burthen went shiftiiij^-fVoin one
shoulder to another, until the poor con
sumer *a?ss made to ur<?nn under the
weight. By this intermediate proscess
of mercantile business, sales to an im
mense amount were effected, and the
e.ommunity was literally inundated with
Hiitish goods; and to raise the sums
| necessary to meet the engagements ot
this chain of merch?nts, the poor con
sumcr, in millions of cases, has been
ruined. In the history too of mercantile
experience, as it respected the length of
credit extended to purchasers, there was
no calculating against an event of this
| kind. Formerly the merchants could
indulge their debtors for years, but the
revolution in the commercial world, of
which I speak, broke in upon this estab
lished system of credit, and completely
altered those relations hitherto existing
between creditor and debtor; the debtor
therefore was taken by surprise, in a
sort of false security, against which no
care or foresight could have provided.
For the purpose of conducting this
discussion with fairness and impartiality,
I have made these previous remarks in
order to show what political influences
may have contributed to the present
state of things, and what agency other
causes may have had in bringing the
country from a condition of artificial
excitement, to one of comparative ex
haustion and oppression.
The bank directors of our state insti
tutions have, God knows, sins enough
to answer for, without arraigning them
for the i flVct of those causes beyond
their control ; some of these transgres
sions I shall make it my business to talk
io you about before I am done.
? We shall now proceed to the imme
diate subject of this emjuirv, to wit, the
origin, uses and purposes ol hanks. Un
less we make an enquiry of this nature
it will be difficult to know whether the
objects of ihrir institution have been
answered. Admitting them to he merely
mi rcenary institution*, I apprehend that
their objects have be? n fully and com
pletely effected. But the utility of
barks, in their relation to a community,
consists as much as any thing else in the
aids which the emission of their paper
naturally gives to trading operations.
The floating capital of every nation, of
which bai k paper of latr years forms
the principal part, may, by the creation
of banks, be increased one half, without
much hazard of a depreciation to the
circulating medium, and in this \>ay they
may he said to increase the capital of a
country. Banks are likewise subservi
ent, and greatly so, to the encourage
ment to the growth of the staples of a
country, by enabling their dealer* to
give liberal prices for them. Another
part of their utility consists in those fa
cilities which they afford to individual
enterprise, and to public exertion in the
transaction of business ; and in this re
spect they minister to the purposes of
public accommodation, and contribute
to swell the wealth of a nation. Again,
bank paper is of great utility to the
commercial class of mankind, inasmuch
as it relieves the possessor from the
transportation of specie. Had not an
opinion been generally entertained by
the people throughout the state of N.
Carolina, that in the creation of bank
capital the ends and purposes of public
utility would have materially subserved,
I feel confident that they ncv?j._wuuld
have been cursed at this day^rith such
I engines of aristocracy. Little did our
I legislators dream, when granting bank
charters, that they were forging chain*
for the liberties ol' our country.
The lime has not to arrive when such
anticipations are to be realised: ? W ho
I pi ay among us, at this hour, is the hem
and independent man; assuredly with
few exceptions, he is none othi r, but?
either a bank director or a batik stock
holder? these, and these only, share the
leaves and fishesot the land.? This how
ever, is assertion, but this assertion, t>ot
I turned too surely on facts, which we
will endeavor to maintain by proofs
The banks in our state, during the
mania fur speculation, 10 which I have
before adverted, as having infected all
classes of the community, made indis
criminate discounts, on all paper pro
perly secured:? -The country in a short
time was flooded with paper; ? and for
the execution of any plan, or scheme,
or project, which the most speculative
fancy could devise, funus were easily
accessible: the quantity in circulation
added lo the ease, by which all classes
could command it, aiaimed the more
wary and cautious part of the commu*
nity, as to the solvency of the bank* and
the appreciation of their paper.? The
apprehensions on this head were so
great that the federal govt mment refus
ed to take the notes of many banks of
the Uiiion in collection of the revenue.
The difficulties that were found in the
collection of the revenue, by the go
vernment, tropa U*e cause mentioned,
form, d the fnain reason, and principal
inducement to the grant of the charter
for the United States bank:? When this
bank went into operation, as sudden a?
shock was felt in the pecuniary trans
actions of ihe local hanks of this coun
try, as that experienced in the commer
cial world, b> the general pacificaiion
in Europe.? This institution soon dis
closed how brittle and insecure was the
nature of that loun latino, on which the
*' imposing lab.ick "of our prosp? rity"
had been bui and from this epoch
art we to date the positive pressure of
the times; a sieffl>* immediately com
menced between n?e different hm.ksfof
the accumulation of sptcie ? fe>r the
watchword of UK- United States bank
| was, the resumption of specie payment:
i a sysitm of retrenchment in bank ipc
raticn* was simnitan- ously adop'ed
throughout the union; runs were made
on one bank on anot.ier, and such a de
rangement in i lie utonird transactions
of this country ensued, as never before
occurrt-d in any age or nation. Those
banks against whom the rate of ex
change happi ned to be produced by an
unfavorable balance of trade fell fiugrtis
tt calcibuH npon their customers; turn
ed a deaf ear to the distresses of the peo-.
pie and rigidly enforced payment of
their debts. It is unnecessary 1 pre
sume to inform my readers that the
banks of North Carolina adopted this
system: ? What does woe iul experience
testily or sad reality announce.
In consequence of the great multi
plication of banks, during the speculate
ing fever, each sought to put forth its
paper; this overtrading enabled them
to declare sweeping dividends, and now
and then a bonus. ? Bank stock becanj?--"
the most productive property the
world, and bank stockholders became
the most fortunate of men;? the times
indeed have sinco proved it, for liberal
dealing has de generated into sheer stock
jobing with the greater number of those
to whom Mock -ho. ding interest gives
power. It certainly was not in the pow
er of the people to have traded and spe
culated to t. e extent to which they <iid,
had not lie hanks in a mo lan h way
furnished the means and nourislu <1 tne
spirit; they \%cre tin canse, there. I? .re,
of c catinu thousand * f fictitious nr. 'tal
throu ? iout tilt state, wiich sough', em
ployment under every shape and ft. ?n;
it wus liic tcmpia.ion and etuic -im-nt,
and the illutvment held lorth the
banks to liic people gtner.dlv, t .. trade
wit?. them, therefore, which hav. so
heaviiy involved them in debt ? The
pos'uro ?,f thiogs in society orq..icri
those i clat ion* w lich bound the c u
niunitv to t.e bai ks, cither imnv* \ ?te
Iv 01 remotely; ? it a ma:. did noi ir.ide
with them, through the medium ot <iis
counts, lie dealt probably in so >ne
of the thousand'storcs that were bottom
ed on fictitious capital; and the wasp
w ii h stung the poor merchant, drove
luni headlong and furious on his custo
mers:? alter this, manner was the poli
tical sympathy formed; ? when, there
fore, the banks in a spirit of bad faith
and ingratitude, adopted a riy?id rule for
collection, some idoa may be formed
both of the amount and extent of huntaf<*y*
suffering, which such a step was like.Te i:.
to pro-luce;-? ami ytt the tribulation atov
misery thus produced was not so i??? t<*-k
the error of the people as the fau
the banks; for as banks were chart* M<oi<
and instituted for purposes of pu'? s;
utility, as well as for their own cov'fifc- -
rate interest, it was thu duty of their di- ?
rectors, holdin^ttTc responsible station*
w hich they filled, so to have managed
their operations as never to have made **"
them instrumental in working oppres