' IL"'.f -w8-w i rrinrmi irrr ri i wnnn nwwia. miiipi UNION. THE CONSTITUTION. AKD THE tAITSTHE CDASPUnT 0F OUR U BERTyT Til. XVII. . FRIDAY, JTIARCn 18, 1830. Xo. MO. IS THE SENATE! IEIiTC MB SISTOS a HE-OLD . TlOSt SIR. MANGUil laid, the debate oa A ianiutMia had akra a wide range. 7h- imprtM of ita paternity was atmnclj tt.krd poa it. The propoaitioa a . n)dSH bora ao erj diatinrt eha nue on ita fart. It ha J W to a j veMKM of all or relatioaa w ith France. j.J m m aaaault upon the Senate. He v M!j not be put to hia trial by any one tht budy. the Preatdrat of the United $!au- or by any other legialattre bndj , nil one 0f ovt He tujid ir. meat non Judict. He would sji tok to the houea at thia, or to the auir toue at the other and of the ate ' s-. for aKMire to fortra hia. He w aa -.tailed vith the vote he bad giren oa f,. irjec ties of the three million appro rru'.iR. oi be believed those wkVira he m part irpreaented were aatrnfied. He ; vk m roood that that appropriatioa h lljr onneeeinry ia the action of j r.- rifxy. There was do executive .uiuendalkin for it At the openinf i .b Ui cion, it was true, that a fire i!iiadven thrown' into the chamher a rrt -two! aoHf inem. la Uiat r.v, i.m where waa aa acho foondf ; I-, n- Senate there waa no diiaum. and i.'ie House eorrepnndrd. ' k uunes had arisenr 'ii TWfn ru M niitm in n. i l i fie bat Concjess. France nd cipr.vatcd the language of the Presi-mc-.ii under a proper sense of honor, anl ui innexed a condition to the terms of pavmraf. As an humble American cm. ia be (Mr. M.) was opposed to an apo . it beyond what had been given. Af w the cloae of aeaion there was not .".V.Mt indication of war on the part iFntice. and where was the neemty il an tppmpnation ia the aben( e .l it? !I' ai oof willing to eh tree the Preai ini with a dereliction uf dn: v m not rroneidiag tbe appropriann . He yJ not have shrunk frM0 thr pr. aVsnre of it if the country bad n- Jed a He wu remarkable for taking re lability. He caw fronx a portion of the country ' " " - a wbeit they pay a larre proportion of the fetfsue. a'td he would call upon any one 'j pot his finger on the act of his in i.mnt s disposition lo oppose the action afitegorernwent. But they were call ejtfpoa ia the dark bv one who wu in IK toi6 Jence of the administration, to ir. As far as thai gentleman was eon w:d with another body, he bad his re nut in such an imporunt matter v rouid nl take him for authority. In bxly. said he, we had no knowledge being desired by the PreiJe,n; and w of the mot honest and most deserr l 'thia body aioong the friends of the ..'aiiHtratioit bad voted against it, and iiing so, declarsd he had no know of iu being deaired by the Pieai ir.i . I '(urge, said Mr. M.. and if denied. i iirve I ahall be able to prove 11, that i to known Wi some in this body, when! Jtojj esre put: however, there was not !s&r that the Execuiive wished iu ?iwn -d the policy was not only to ' m4 an individual in this bodv. but re odium on him. They saw a t V ,l?nt'n UP (tnm the Potomac . fte Bjlia. and it was policy to sop- , jrM. Xot a man in this city ent-r- Pmon that the enate vronlJ . fir a. Three millions, when the ' welechena were coming on, would ' Oeen of rreal Mrviro. Snnnm il ;f fen grsoted we would have heard eUngor of arms before this time. lh7 bad seen with what furious ha-.te 1 "Sanger waa d-patehed to reach that '.ank. . - . m- rearrwniniij m mm ia ...np. dnirretion given in that apnropria nalenUied to create a dictatorial ""f. it gave thi power lo create col- The Heoator from Missouri Mr. "inau inspired a leeling calculat- rooae learful forebodinga; yet he ) had not the slightest apprehen. of a war. hut vith mi rmnA.., I...I 4 'hR that the nrnnmitton warn nut "awj io if- tta mpriW wi.h another :f5riuon. . The ariruinenla of irrntl. mifebate.had become more and more uern. 1l ..... - II I a ucj wero uui equalled ""'-Hi 2. Thi.nPrh of th .niU. afMnj Pennsylvania (Mr. Buchanan) - wu?m up to me, highest pitc. Jeeeb-of Mark Anthony over the ' ISV Of Caar. inih!nr nm. wl it. The Karem of th flnworn. " wpn. l:.i.:u...- i. ,i wMwuiru, una gcmieman tirS Of lh navvannlhav nt ika EWiV"' mnPy hd all-tia.another af , f ic Tands, and tbe gentleman from yl'ania, (Mr. Buchanan) who had ,J lwncc with foreign releUona, ''ge of that subject. Thee were ' -c(i(iea nfiKn.a l.i.a,.. : Ti.i man frorn PennsyWania, surnvsing j it the eloquence af aik Anthony ia hi etoquantea. by putting tongue ia dumb ovwihs. had eurted Uh t err atones. Wbea rumor represents' a mediation, (far we. said be, art not permitted to know, except from rumor) and that ate d.aiton accepted, did th bookable en tleaiaa think the light ia which hi irr eented the subject calculated la ha-ten iu consummation? Perhap hr p-cb was intended lor the Chief Magistrate la pcrase fur hia smsarmeut. and Irai.k cu r' of it. U be peat abroad, a privacy which ride with unhirdled domination. The lion wa a noble animal he tiger ne of fearful frroritr; awl when w r was sounded, it was tite tiger The fox waa a ely, canning little aounal, remark aWe foe seeking a protection in the crevices of the rocks. It was scheming mercenaries who wished thai immense amount of money to be thrown into the community, awmg an immenae tribe ... offir holder. -learner.. &c ui the army and ruw war was their toe at ton; the pnJe, imp aiJ t ircum stance of war waa their favored element. rhia Senate had in be battled down. Hiw unequ J the wart It waa not i n d wed with any appointing or veto pow. rr. except the check upon executive no mination. The Executive mni be iun. lMed fmm the nature of hia .i.t,.n to be t,lpporHj b the temple of thia rrptiblic. "Ve. said hare noih,,,. ,o r.lv . ... r ! but ths ne.oe.nl. .J ....i .LJl km ih. ..r .7- . i . - I r ; -. mm Mi ninunniw. trnximm ..i aauon. beidrs specific appropnitums, which incited lo a high activity the m-st meree.iary poliueians. W hen that artil lery was bci'igrii to bear upoi th hall of the Senate of thr (Jaited Siaie, it was more than it ewlj h-ar. We inu-t. id he. fight in line, or else be demolitl. There waa a redeeming spirit in tine bo dt (ihe Senate) which made il a s rt of pd. cal breakwater; which wiu Vmade fcU'onhle. Thear muat lie fc.i Up. to enable KenUomen fie up,, thi. wrty minions oi revenue. Hut. (r. In thia body K- put down, and the govern ment hecomea a eentralirel power. Li berty had never been pra-rvrd in any country where the central power Waa notreaisted. A ahow of the war with France. mut be kept up until gentlemen can seixe Uwa the thirty millions Say they, it will require an unitual degree of nerve to refuse ihe American people appropriation for d-lVnc-. The thirty million must be p-wketcd; it will hive a prodigious man in arcHt-raung all our plans of policy. Wnen this power had (Hit down the Senate, it would be a day of tnb liati.Mi. Thirv million would not only be convenient fir present pur po. but to cam -tut the future scheme of that sugoai bodv, tle Convenuon at Baltimore. With the mony .nd the do mam what may not be done! t'eriaii plans of po.icv hid already been indica. ted for the .liw. oaiiion of the suplus reve nue. r. M. r-f- n. 4 u the resoluiions on that aubject, ..nr. J by Mr l'lay and Mr. tlalh . m. and gave hia prelVrrnce to ik. ... ..Ia n.. . . .1 . . . . L. e t ame ui ui-in'iiru nut in i.'irtn 01 uiapo f tie surplua funds. Uv giving thi d.ruo.i to them, it would rtirual die pow.;r of the Executive. He spoke of ihe l.-h-ure of of the intern .1 injnmvein-nta .r,... ..,n ..f the K. v sione ataie. He ihnk.l ih emleme.i' from !...... lu fl-. 101) for putting this mat r upon tm grot.nda i'.e c.oipriing propoen.or the dn ...... uon ..fthi. f....n,i i.. tne true ons for egard to this rniiiroverav. it wa ihe people on Uie one hand, a . l the (J .verumcnt and jt retainer on the other. Il was an evil that must be got rid of somehow. The slates that have in progres ih.- imes 'of communication that will bn.d us to gether atronger than ba ids of tn I, know the struggle is to be a fearful and power fill one. Nothing cojld resist the march of the government, unless il was a coun tenciini; principle of interest. Organi zed, diaci pined aa it was with its unuy of purpfiwe. trie conteit would be as long as the Punic war. Ue knew the veto power and would not touch a pebhkf on which it stood. Armed with that power, it ia not to be expected that we can succeed in the immediate struggle. But in the long ran the popIe would do right, lie wanted to see the question .in relation to the public land brought before the peple. The gentlemen had taken ground I plant myself, said he, On the aide of the states and of the people. This, said he, ia. a natural division. We have had a new; party, with new attributes, and with new energies. I don't call it the spoils party. We mjtst, in the long run, pre vail unleas the patriotism and intelli gence of the people cannot resist the fear ful power which rides and rules over us. The ballot boxes would determine. If we can have tin great iterest rssvith I Ivawavaw l..nananae .l..a.-Sa aft M L . a- . mr u. ,;.,.,- loraetcd. It a ...i mmnea 10 in ma- other peculiar interest; nufacturc- r m waa spread ow the whole Union; ielt j ia and rt -rted from etery post ofTiaa in we muavy. llow.was n with aa indi f idual bmaghl forward ia oppiwitiow u this great foreer He night have great wcai popoianty, bat it caai ydd lo thts general infllueoee; aod at the jMceeat Umt who. did bo witneva the exrrciM this Tearful infWnec! He hoonl iK mh,mU be able in brr-k ibis uemeudoes aogaat inflMrnre and pwwei fruaa the people. If the French war nuies, said Mr. M. we will not be fuuud behind aay ia eoa tribuUng to the mre of defence. If it did come, it id hi the result of the nMt unloriunair (liplowscy that eter cha rartcri2 ao country Tt e ptrK)Um of the Senate bad been inculpated ia rtlalioa to tne vs reject, ing the three million appmpnauon. That glorioua mid gallant liitie nary or oara, hich eeree iuelf with glory ia 181 J. was lo be reinforced. Br the showing f the administration, at the opening f this session, the aaorouriatiAn nm tiecdeo. a. j - i : . . ai Besireo, wnv aid not some member of the adainistrsti.Hi move an P.r.mtii. inatead of waging war op. .w .nwr: lirrr nau .nP annual . tne eommissmn of an an of moral tur spproprianon of 100.000 dollars for gua j pitude. W hen acting under an oath, the carnages been expended! The gentle- public a,ent. hether a Senator or a Ju men on the military committee (Mr. Ilea j mr.is bound by obtixations of a higher . ii k.ur. .1 . t iiriTiofr. inn, uie misanniiea tionorthiemoneyr In one department' i '7' tl ,T ma" ; . " . . w 1 if 1 it mm 11 1 mm wim mm iin trie power or ubiquiu; like thw proboaics of an elephant. 11 is now seen pnll.g op a tree by the Mots, aitdamw picking up a pii The powers of a government might be compared 10 the phviel powers of a man. ineoraa nv am. n ihe mad who oammrr- on me anvil merea-ed in mus- e.1 it .tieogih. while ihe other in the same rail dcoreasetf. Tlie Post Ofhce d-pr:ment had been pamei.jrlT ene .i". aou were were nope- o tnat it j .l 1'. .. ... wwr is-airw. i r. ar uepart menu said he. We kno i aound. nop. a ii wouiu oe am to eaiisiv the pen i ... . ii pie of this country that the Mood wpiiled iu tt.e Honda war had not been from iv remiianesa of duty i i part. Il tot department had been aa prompt in. attend ing t. the south, where the war was rsg ing. as the other department was keen in keeping to tbe ascendant a certain bodv .1. . i im ouier parts, me aiaaaier OI that war miget have been averted With a popularity f.. tlmeout the Union, this power had brn ahle to thn.t tie, break down, and strangle all rei. ... utnra-. iui. aig ne. w nai i a two y ears doininstton in the life of a nation, to fats a ... C ten and to batfn on it spoils? The oe wa nothing. spirit would vet live and burn and brigtiv blue for thousands and ihoortnd of rename ti rome; the sue- cesor would be too ware lo be driven from the precipice LETTER OF JOHN TYLER. a araroa m . thx state or viruikia. f Ika Sprmktt. e4 .VmUi ta Vtrral TtiratS'i y rtrgutm. Uai.ingifMi, reb.19 l-J6. um'frmfn:- K ertain resolution of the t.eneral Aasemblv, instructing their Senators in ihe Congrea of the United I I Im. tt in.nulniM ...... I r ' "r i resolution io expunge the journal of a .-enaie in me parucuiara mere, in mentio'ied.and p.)intingont the precise .......rr in wnim me art simi oe perform I e !, have been made known to me. After I the most deliberate examination which 1 1 am capable of bestowing upon them, and wiin a sincere den re to conform my conduct to the wishes of the General Assembly, I find il impossible to reconcile ibe performance of the prescribed taik wan the obligations of the solemn oath which I have taken to support theConsti tution of the United Slalee. With what promptitude I should comply institutions or the Leg pliance was pennitted interred irom my past duct; and I beg your indulgence, genUe j men, whilst I advert In the most proroi-j ncm mciucnia m my me. 111 connexion 1 with the great question of instruction. I was eery young when I first took my seat ia the House of Delegates, lo which I kail hun .l.i-l . I-- A - -f. . ra cnir. W...MM iuti aiirr 1 1 nail attained tne age ol si. I he then Senauirs from Virgims. (Messrs. Giles and Brent.) stood obnoxious to the'eharge 01 naving fliitrrgaraea me maiructioiis or Ihe legislature, which had been adopted on the motion of a gentleman, then a distinguished member, ((Jov. Barbour,)! to vote agsinsl rechariering the Bank of I the U. . T'X first while he voted againat the Bank, denied the right of the Legislature to instruct bun the laat dia- regarded the instruction altogether, and voted for the bank. Impelled by no other .a a ... a. 1 motives man aaesire to uphold theLcgis iIlurt in 11a right to instruct ita deptcd ouan. 1 introduced a reiolutioo proving thn course which had, been porwied by the Senators. My motive in doing so, was single and anmixed. ires too young f tetk profit ly thnr ''"' ue resomiMn tnaa ii-trndue t a . ro oy me. passed into other banos. and ubutuid by other resolves, which were finally adopted by the two Hoaaes of AseeinMy by large and over helm ing majotiuee. At the age of twenty five I L. . ; . mm ' a tova, ray aval in vie Il'HISC oi Krpresea uuvea of the United Siates. The of the eompensatioa law soon came nader ciscussina. I came in to sopply vacancy, and brought with ma the wiahes of my constituents ia rrgard to mat measure. I made them known, and claimed the repeal of the law, aa due to the well ascertained wiahes of the people. Tbis brouehl into discussion the obliea Uon of instruction; and I contended for Hie riflit, under the same restrictions and limitations aa had been laid down in the res'ilHUons before alluded to. I now re affirm the opinion at all timee hereto for xr.i.u,i k. me. that instructions are mandatory, provided ihcy do not j require a viol.uon of the fonsiituuon or ' and ni(l (Anlmlltna mkmmmfMm . . mi . tiroceed fr..m m Tt. I'onxtitution of the L'mb-d Rut. ik na P""'? icnerotifsirutuons. 1 " wto p awitrn 10 support 11, . p iir w,m m - ... . . . 1 lo vndate 11 knmrin.K n.. w.mld be an act id the gro.eslioimorsliiv aod most unmitigated debasement. Such ; is the condition in w hich. in my view of the subject, obedience to your instruc liona would place me. It is known to you. gentlemen, that on entering the : Senate, the onlv oath which I t.-A ... j an oath lo spp.r the Cotisuit.uoa ,f 0 United Siatea; to support it in aU and each or lis provisions; lo it-Id it neither . . "ir-" to lorre, t erauaaion mr exiedienrv. No , niaiiar wnai uie nujeri; aitould iu aiUin ment confer upn me the greaievi personal advantage, still to remain unaeducrd i.oi to touch that forbidden I'mit. 1 ruterrd into a covenant w.'h u' Creator to break which woum not fail u place iu inv boaom a Promethean vulture to teat and devour ine. The obligation then, to obey aa in-tnic. lion which calls upon me to break that covenant, cannot possibly exist. I should beunworthv the confidence of all honors hi- m-n. if could be induced under any circumataocee to . remit an act of deli-Iw-raie ierjiiry. Inaiead of a seat in the Senate. 1 ahould richly deserve to be put in the pillory, and to lose both my ears s an indelible mark i-f my baseness; and aurb would he thesenienre which the laws of Vicuna would pronounce against me. You have admit'cd tbe truth of this propo sition in the alternative presented in t our second resolution. Between those alter native I cannot hesitate to choose. It ia not for even rfifference of opinion be iween the representative and roi,tituenl, that ihe rontii.ient would necesaarily require the reig nation of the represenia. Uve. In the eoure of a somewhat long pol'"cal life, it must have occurred that my opinions have been variant from the nnimon of th.wel renreni,l.- k.,ii. nM .. . sennng i me tne alternative ol resipna tion in this ineisnce. you give me to be dittinctlv informeil thai the accomplish ment of vour object ia regarded as of such primary imporunce, that my resignation is desired, if comoliancs eai.mii l .M- ed. I am bound lo eonaioVr v,... fairly representing the sentiments of our . . . common constituents, the people of Vir ginia, to w hom alone you are amenable iT you have mistaken their wishes. My position in regard to this whole subject. ! ... voaravtrr w prrfnou me irom 0 1 iog into abstractions. . I do not hesitate. ! on the eontrare. to derlar ,ha. if , i day or an hour would I desire to remain in ihe Senate beyond that hour w herein 1 came to be informed that it was the set tied wish ol the people of Virginia that I should retire from their service. That people have honored me with the highest .r -i .. ... . nmcri wunin meir gnu 11 the talents which I have brought into heir service be humble, I have at least brought fide!, ity to their interesta. No where else have I looked for reward, but to their approbation. I have served under four administrations, artd might doubtlessly, by a course of subserviency and syco pliancy, have obtained what is called by some preferment. But what could have compensated for the baseness of my pros donee reposed in roe by a generoua Dec pie? The Executive files furnish no re- . - " " v titution, and the betrayal or the confi cord of mv name as an ann ieant for - of the crumbs which have fallen from the looked exclusively to the people of Vir. -! " I "" "c t -u.ru orpar.8 01 me peo- aown IU proceed inn. mnA ... .1 llllur. if .-n..l ..I. ..IJ A . ... I . .... T . " " - . mar readilv hl wu in ih. &.n.i.'. ... ui. . . . : ......... .. ..,-. wunwru uiv tcuiicbi 10 vacate mv . itseit tne no-ht tn e.ni- rourse of Con I have had with mat the. fore nflaa.. . . 1. I .. . . .! ' - 1 - " "-" 7 wuuiu liu lire wnai ne nao wrusn gima: and whea ikey havt etirooVd 19 me their confidence for iwente odd tears, when I am indebted m thr.'tW whatsn-ever-fered,ir.dsund.ng j0 the world. I canot and wHI mm ,tnii myself 10 remain ia the Senate A . ment beyond ihe time that their amrdid organs shall insirurt me that any seraiera are no longer aeeepuble. If grstit.,dr tor the paf did not, an own coi-m-hhis w 1 ak ness would control my eourse. What w.njld it profit the country .v mvaelf. for mt to remain in tier 8.,. lJieir wiahes? B retaining y pi, in n aiuoa tn their fixed. ,lecl,red and settled will. I ehould aid ao cause; advance aw great ntrpose; be poweHess f..r g.wd and provoke nly to harm; reptii,f mr owa feeble airength. 1 ahinjld vao.ly f it, ter raelf that I could with .y ,;,!-, arm suetaio the Consttuitioa, and keew back what I might consider the tide of error, when ia verj truth I should but es rite Uie popular ejudicea more strong, ly. aod imminently endanger the Cos stiiotion by my effort to susuin it In resigning then, gentlemen, into yottr Nnds. my pl.ee in the Senate i.f th United States, to which I waa called br your predecessors. I trust 1 ah.11 k. : ' dulged in a brief exposition of the re, sons which have led me to the conclu sion, that to obey yourinatructions w.Id tw to violate Ihe Conatitutio of tbe Uni ted States. I ahall do so boldly and fear lessly. but witii all becoming respect, and with all the brevity in m The Senate ia ordered by the Coi gresa fa htp a journal of its Droe-l.... ..i U.puLhhtl from lime to tme. Thia injunction is thus solrmly impimed upoa ihe aggregate bmly, and on e.rh ik.i dual Senator. Whatevej ahall he rf..... ahall be faithfullv recnled by S-eritarya and shall be faithfully keptnoi ..r aa hour, and iben 10 he defaced not for da . and then to be erased; nor fora y ear, and then to be expunged but forever, sa a perpetual witness, a faithful l.iau.ry, by which ihecordurt. the mouvea. .ha. actions of men. shall be judged, not by lh.Ne of the present day o.,U , but through all time. It waa a wise ohl... , , ... amiriiar the t bmeae. w hich required the birat phy of each Emperor to He r.m fore the cloe ,4 hia life, and placed be. fore Inn,, ao Ul hI UtniinWti iige m wnat the world would tlk of him alter h death. It waa de.......! restrain his etil pasaions To rurS ih. exercise of despotic 1. ,r. j, A,, iiaeir to hia ambition, and excited withia him a longing for an imuinrtalii i. .1 gratitude and admiration of succeeding gea. But thia proviaion in our Constat tution ia still wiser. Earh N-... daily his own biography. He ( required to iccord hia own acts, and takes an oth to keep that record and to pubhah it front ttme to time. Tbe aonlau e. ia his fellow men is not po-tooned until be has descended lo the tomb. h'i. u.i-. uttered by tbe living generatioB. Hoar powerful are the inducements thus ad dressed to each member to ba faithful to the trust confided to him! How much to be admired the wiidom of our ancea . tors in framing the constitution! If thia wsa ita only feature, their titla i a . ,'a ' saasfcuwi wj Ulity would seem to be established. Thia simple proviaion ia one of th. great securities of American liberty. H takes nothing upon trust. If the Senata' kept ao journal, it would be . conclave, where dredi the moat revolting might be performed in secrecy and dark oes. ine train tnurht the, w. the mine prepared, and the first know! ledge of the treason might be the explo sion, and consequent overthrow of frea government. Liberty could not eo exial W.lh anek . .f ... r.i.: m. liberty where there is no 'responsibHit .... - -.-: iinnga. 1 nere ia do SOO mere Cin be no eaanAn..k;i:. nothing is known. To hw . sL...- . ..." ,1 i ' .V ' write aim for orexjj equivalent 1 n.mka Dnn . n m mm . - " "' journal 01 tne mornini may oe cancelled in the evening that 1 .-jr hi.j utrrapungeo on to-morrow cancel 11 10 any way, whether by hU or rea marxs, whether with circles or atraigni tines. 11 cease to be a iourl ami .I... u.k:.k . .1 ..... Mm wuivii was, ia not. I he ii n.t t. k. ..kll-l-J . . Jl .. w vc puunsnea, oat there t journal. 1 nere wa one vesterdavf-t ere it can reach the press, it is edd ied, marked out, or exouned art. lha mm. ....i.. .r younnstrucuons. If that journal uaiisamon aiscreditable to the I 1 wouw preserve it as a perpejus ...c... ui .is umgrace, 11 to a parti I wm give him and his friends temporarily have the ascenda Mi. .MM. 1 . . i ...k ... r . w I w ... a.., i,, r rase or Diur me narp I .u... ... vi misconauct is ree. snouid be afraid after perford - ---v., ii . iigiina is as ene 01 sna 1 on not doubt it to red w iia.iM. uw journal at an 1 w her limits. Tha exrratihs 1: -ft 0 1