aa. t eav its defaci. and reeolcUly tit allttioa aa
op?h4 it. elm st alone f 7 party. I Senator fro Kentucky aa sMivered ed me f ' C
Tht aeeoai we twird ejveecb 1 made, after J oaitstoas to answer parte cf kit erfo- ,cd ndrr -y Mr'"' ' 2J
I look mvseat. e .a ope. de.uomuoa I meat. H.r'',WiLjl!irJlS
of tho .: and I may refer to thai Mr Clay continued. I bare gieta J mJ I Mr eJf
fTOond
whfb fcat oeea eoonrmetj oy urn ua
experience, with pride end eonfideace.
This wdl actreely bo eeteetej by tht
Senj'of to make good bit charge.
I rM over other inataneee. anj com1
to Mr. Dallte bank of 181I.S.
That. too. area a party measer. Rank
ing waa Uvea comparatively bat litde an
dew mod, and it may eeem astonishing at
thia time, that tuch project should am
have received any coenleoanco or tup
cort. It DfODotcd to create bank of
f 50.000.000. t consist almost entiiely
f hat waa railed then tba war ttork;
that w, the public debt created ia carry
iaf oa tha thea war. It araa pro? idea
thai lite bank should not pay epeete dur
inf the arar. and for tltre yeart after iu
termination, for carrying on which it waa
to lend tha Government tha funds. Ia
plain language, tha Government wat to
borrow back iu ova credit from the
bank, and pay to the intutotioa tig per
cent, for iu ose. I had eearrely ever
before eerioatlv thought of banka ot bank
ing, bat I clearly taw throng h the opera
tion, and the danger to the uavernment
nd country, and, regardlest of pariy net
or de animation t. I opposed an-I defeated
it in tha manner I explained at the extra
eestion. I thea subjected tnytell to tht
aery charge which the Senator bow
makes, but time hit done ma justice, a
it wilt in the present instance.
Passing the intervening instances, I
roDf down to ray administration of the
War Department, where 1 neied on ray
own judgment and responsibility. It it
known to all, that ilia Department, at the
time, araa perfeedv disorganized, with
not much lete than 50 000.000 of out.
atanding and unsettled aceoaota. and the
greatest confusion ia every branch of
service. Though without experience,
I prepared, thordr afar 1 went ia, the
bill forittorganixation. and on ita passage
I dre up the body n rulea for carrying
the act into execution, both of which
remain tubtnullv unchanged to ihit
day. After reducing tha outstanding
account to a few millions, and introdac
ing order aid accountability in every
branch of semce. and bringing down the
' expenditure of the atmy fiom lour l two
and a half millions anuuallv, without
uHtr mine a single eonjlort from either
, officer or soldier, I left the Department
in a eo-idiiiO.i inat might well b- compar
ed to the best in any country. If I am
d nVicnt in (he qualities which the senator
attributes to me, here in this mas of
details and business it ought to be discover
ed. Will lie look to thit to make good
hi charget
From th War Department I wat
transferred to the Chair which jou now
oceupy. IIw 1 icquitted myself in the
discharge "f its duties, I leave it to the
body to decide, without adding a word.
Tn station, fiom its leisure, gave me a
good opportunity to study the genius of
the prominent measure of the da), called
then the American tyttem, of which 1
profiled. I toon perceived where its
errors lay, and how it would operate. I
clearly ttw its desolating t frets in one
aeciion, and corrupting influence in the
other; and when I saw that it could nut be
arrested here, I. fell. back on my own
State, and a blow waa given to a tvste n
destined to destroy our inMiMttont, i( not
overthrown, which brought it to the
grouid. Thit bring me down to the
present timet, and where passions and
prejudices are ye. too strong to mak an
appeal with any -prospect of a fair and
impartial" verdict. I then transfer this,
and all my subsequent acts, lucluding the
present, to the tnbuivil of posterity, with
a perfect confidence that nothing will be
found, in what I have said or done, to
impeach my integrity or understanding.
I have now, Senators, repelled the
attacks on me. I have settled the account
and conceited the debt between me and
my accuser. I have imt sought this con
troversy, nor have I shunned n when
forced on me. I have acted on the le
fensive, and if it is to continue.' w hich
rests wfh' the Senator, I t!iII through
out ciii'iiii so to act. ' I know too well
the ri'.fl.age of my position to surrender
it. Tiw Senator-commenced the cnn
trjert and it it but riijht that he should
be responsible for the direction it shall
lteruT take. Be hit .determination
wh it ii may, I stand prepared to meet
him.
Mr. CLY rose immediately after Mr.
Calhoun tiad resumed his scat, and ad
dtUed the Senate as follows:
fiitosition, Mr," Presi-lent, tinder
which. I m laboring, would have pre
ven ed my attendance in the Senate to
day upon any less, interesting occasion
than thit of listening to the promied re
ply of the Senator from South Carolina,
(Mr. Calhoun.) Having dona ao. re
apcctfolly and attentively, I shall not ask
for two or three weeks to prepare and di
gest what I have to say. It vulnerable to
any attack from any quarter, eclf-cased
and self-poised, I feel perfectly ready to
repond to such parts of the speech of the
hou Table Senator aa appear to require
auv notice from Die. "
The Senator eo:ninenced by a com
plain' of the omissions n my speech.- I
nresu ne he means mv speech as ptblub
et?. fllere Mr. Calhoun roie, arj taid tl.it
f then attained. lh train of I way once for aa explanation: Itball per-1 iwm m ocu r
to lU aliiiOM of lU
mit ma other iaterrusuoa. I did not in
terfere with the Senator from South Ca
reply when I have done.
. - :i i L MKiwiiinii ,i
Sir. the Senator from souiq taroima ;
habitat complain, of omttsion. and
Uiepretenuuontofhttarcbea.hea
ever bis argument b.ppea. to be related. 1
Now. I elearlr enderstooj bim, and I
tbiak so did the whole Senate, to asert,
ia the outset ot his former speech, that
there waa but a tingle alternative, the bill
or the eubstitnte. And I supposed bu
object to be to drive my friends an J my
self to the acceptance of one or the th
er branch of iu By way of excluding
anr other coarse, lie essoined that we
bad abandoned all thought of establishing
a Dank of the United States. Since I
hae shown thai there was anothereourse,
which is, to dn nothing, far preferable to
the bill, the rlenalor atya that it waa ve
ry obvious!
Aoother allegation of the Senator is,
that I have mire;reseuted hint with re
pe"l t the power of the general govern
ment to eon raet with slue banks. It
eeems that he did not intend to assert
broadly that there existed an inability on
the part el this government to make any
such contract whatever, but it is the parti
enl r contract romained io the substitute
which, he thinks, cannot be constitution
ally made. The contract proposed ia the
bill with the slate banks, being approved
by the Senator, is all periecily eonsntu
lional and right! The Senator goes for
hit own thunder, and against that of eve
ry body else. There waa yet another
contract with the state hanks which had
commanded the cordial approbation of the
Senator, and that it contained in the de
poileartof 1835 I think, Mr. Presi
dent, it will he difficult for the ingenuity
even of the Senator from South Carolina
to maintiin a comjtency to make thnae
ton contracts-, and an inability to author
ise that which ia provided lot in the eub
elitute. '
I am altn seemed of misrepresenting
the Senator i-i ri-spect to the reception of
redeemable hank notes for the term of six
teir, as provided for in the bill. lie
thinks it entirely eonsiitudonal to make
tuch a limited arrangement, whilst it
would be, in his opinion, wholly inad
missible to ron iime foi an indefinite ti ne
in receiv such notes. The complaint of
the Senator h. that I did not state thneir-
cumtim'c. conditions, and qadifieationt ' back and sustain those in such oppoi
umlcr which he proposes his temporary tion, in wlme wisdom, fir miets, and
reeition ol bink notes. I do not think,
Mr. President, that the can vary, in the
mattes! deg'ee, 'he question of pow er.
It', a contended for by the Senator, the
constitution prohibits the reception of
bink note in due the government,
the prohibition extends as well to a ierm
of six yeart at to any indefinite time.
The Senator teems to me to have so ne
peculiar constitution-it notions. The in
strument in Ins hands is pufeciU flcii
ble and perpetually varying, lie con
founds expediency and couiiitiiuontlity,
and blends them so together, that it ia dif
ficult to discriminate tne one from the
other. He argues that we are so eon
nertej with the hanks fiat we must ease
off gradually, and not suddenly disconti
nue the use ol their paper. ,
Now, sir. if my memory terves me,
the Senator commenced his speech -t the
extra session by announcing that there
was a total rupture between the govern
ment and the bank by the uipi-nion of
specie payments. I lie d'scom eaton ti'I
eiisis in fct and in law. The bill,
w hich the Senat -r so w -tr uly eepoues,
makes a contingent revival of it. In 1810,
alo. the connr xion had altogether ceased
in point nf la. Then the Senator pro
posed a Dank of the United States. . In
both rases, if 1 understand dim, he pro
eeeds on the ground of practical inconve
nience. Now, eir, I cannot for my life
concur iu making the constitution this
nose nf wax. It does or does not author
ize a U ink of the United Slates. Ii does
or d ie not authorise the reception fif ihr
note of local hanks. If the defect of au
thor 11 y fur one or the other exists, it ap
plies to all limr-s. nd Under all circum
stance. No considerations of utility or
present convenience can' possibly pnt in
the constitution a power which we do not
fiud there. The doctrine of the Senator
in 1810 was. as he now states it, that
hank notes being in fact received by Hie
Executive, although contrary to law, it
was constitutional to create a Bank of the
United States. And in 1834. finding that
bank which was constitutional in its in
ception, but had become unconstitutional
in its progren, yet in existence, it was
quite constitutional to propose, aa the Se
nator did, to continue; it twelve years Ion
ger! That is, it it not unconstitutional
10 prolong the existence of an uncoosti
tutional bank twelve years, but would be
tery unconstitutional to create a-new
bank! Let us suppose that, prior to the
expiration of the twelve years, a state of
things should arise which would require
a further continuance of the bank for an
other term -nf twelve year, iiichl it not
be done upon the principles of the Sena
tor? And thus. continued indefinitely!
Cut, Mr President, 1 will not dwell lon
ger on the alleged misconceptions, on my
part, or misrepresentations of the speech
of the Senator. The Senate heard aa
totlt, w4 m.r rptechea ere both HJ
if nroMMBCe.
i. ia iLc nerannal nart of the Speerli
of the Senator from SWuth Carolina. I
Mrfi ilk. .iib orruwB mi i .
m tiacercly aaxwat to avo .1
an personal r"u'j
muovcrsy j-
And . ITllK
eM
that disposition. iSa man chern.be i le-1
man I a leennes w - .
foreeia or f.tmves an injury aooner than
I do. The duty which I had to pet'
ia animadverting opon the public conduct
nd course of the Senator from South
Carolina, was painful in the extreme; but
it was, nevertheless, a publie duty, and I
shrink from tbe performance of no duty
required at my hands by mv country.
It was painful, because I had long served
in the publie councils wiih the Senator
from South Carolina, admired hit genius,
and for a great while had been upon terms
of intimacy with him. Throughout my
whole acquaintance with Mm, I have con
atamlr stri.eeled to think well of Inoi,
and to ascrihe to nun public virtue.
Even after hrs famous summerset at the
extra sessioo, on more than one occasion,
I defended Ins motives when he wat as
tailed, and insisted that it wat uncharit
able to attribute to hnn otnera lhan those
which lie !iime'f avowed. This I contin
ued t d until I read this mntextrarlt
naif and exceptionable letter: Here Mr.
ClaV held np id exhibited t We Senate
the Ed field letter dated at Fort II. II. Nov.
3, IS37: a letter of whieli I cannot speak
in mev ted terms, without a departMre from
the respect which I owe ta die Senate and
to tmetf. When I read that letter, sir,
its wiiblu-hiiig avowals, and its unjat
reproaches cast upon my friend and my
self, I was most reluctantly compelled
to ehanire mr opinion of the h--n ira'-le
Senator from Siuth f'anliiia. One so
distinguished at he it cannot expert in
be indulged wiih speaking as he pleases
of others, without a reciprocal privilege.
II cannot suppo-e that he may set to Hie
right or to the left, ent in and rut' tnd
cAotser, among principles and parties aa
often aa he pleatet, w ithout animadicr-
tion. I did, indeed, nnderstand the
Senator It sav, in his former speech,
that we. the Whigs were unwise and un
patriotic in not uniting with him in sup
porting the bill under consideration. Out
in that Edgefield letter, among the monies
which he assigns for leaving us, I un
dertand.hin to declare that he could not
patriotism. I have no raon to eotili le.
Afier hating written and published t
the world such a letter as that, and after
what haif-.i'len from the Senator, in '.he
progress of this debate, towards my
politic d friends, docs he imagine that he
can persuade himself and the country that
he really occupies, on this occasion, a de
fensive altitude? In that letter he says:
I clearly saw that oir bold and
vigorous attacks had made a deep and
ati-ceiul impression. Hiaie mtcriMisi
lion had overthrown the Protective TatilJ,
and wiih it the American System, and put'
a tiop 10 Hie CoNKrestional usurpation;
and the joint attacks f our party, and
that of our old opponents, the National
It-publicans, haJ effectually brot'ght
down the power id the Executive, and
arretted iis encroachments for the present.
It was fir that purpnoe we bad united
True to our principle of opposition to the
encroachment of power, from whatever
quarter it miht come, we did n- t ln'siu:-.
afier overthrowing the proteeue system,
and arresting legislative ii5urpation, to
join the authors id that system, in ord r,
to arrest the encroachmenit of the Execu
tive, ahhnugh we differed as widely as
the poles on almost e-ety other (nMinii,
and regarded the usurpation of the Ex
ecuiive but as a necessary contaqueucA
of the principles and pidicy of our new
allies." - ' i .'
Staie interpnition! lhat is. as 1 under
stand the Senator fr m Siuth Caroliqa.
nullificaiion. he asserts, overthrew. .tire
Protective Tariff and, the American Sys
tem. And can that Senator, knowing
what he knows, and,whaiI kutiw.-d(
liberielv make such an assertion bun !
1 had heard similar boasts before, hut did
not regard them, until I taw them eoiijded
in this letter with the impntation of a
purpose on the, pirt of nty 'riends 10 dis
regard tha compromise, and revive the
highland". Nullification, Mr. President,
overthrew the pmteeiive polirj! Mo.
sir. The compromise was not extorted
by the terror of nullification. Among
other more important motives that influ
enced its passage,, it was a compassionate
c mcession to the imprudence, and ' iin-poti-ney
of , nullification! The danger
from nullification itself excited no more
apprehension than would he felt by seeing
a regiment of a thousand boys, of five or
six years of age, decorated in brilliant un
iforms, wiih their gsudy plumes and tiny
mnskeia, marching up to assault a corps
r 5D.000 gren&diers, six feef high. At
Mr. Caihnun nsists that" tliia parigiapa ia
bis b iter does no apply Id tne VV liiji, but to
Itwi Admiiiisltaiiiin parly. Tbe clause is et-ry
mhiguous, and is ausceptibte nf eitlier iuinr.
pretaiion. But if be really meant that he had
no confiJenca in ' ths widm. Cimness and
patriiitism' cf that party,' tmw con'il Uc unite
with it to cstanttsh a uter a id i'up' rtsnt sv,
c:n, caniesa:y 1raujf .1i witii p'oiviius ri
sequences, shicf waa 10 bs eulrustcJ tu Ihiir
exetoffMi. $
the eofflmeneesnent ei tue aets.oa W
. . . .
1832, the Seniw front Soutb Larultsa
was in aay rorultuMa other than that of
dictating terms. Tho- f aa who were
thea here must recollect well his baeeatd
o..k and hia a xwat and depressed
countenance. A fciMy estimable friend
of mine. Mr. J. M la loo, of Delaware,
alluding to ihe poaibdiiy f a raptor
with South CaroUua. anu ue uraiwns
President Jackson with retpect toeeruio been asserted, Having advised twk a eoa.
! !i.unuis,.ed individual b-ina be bad I ennioa of H aa toensare us defeat. Ia,
- - ii .. . ... fc.i.i . ,,. Ki. n.i
fc tU. fc. w W SK
Ami oeea.ioa a late dituruW
Jj-JM i f ij..., Senator from V.rini. i. reporttdS
- - " 7. i . ... I- .a i I..t.- i ih.i fcrf .!,. , .
n I it ttlll
bang them. Sir, ihit disclosure it ex ; that wat ate lauit, tut U lie ever Cectntd
tortrd from me by the S. nator. t them again it mould be Min. The
So far from nullification having over present chairman; ia the Sena e, id il
thrown the protective policy, in assentinf Committee wo Finance, waa a atenibrr j
to th compromise it eipreasly aaucliou tlie Committee on Manufactures ia i t
ed the constitutional power, which it bad II. of R. which prepared lhai bill of 182H,
to ttrongly controverted, and perM-tuated and we all know that both ha and !,.
it. There ii protecti-o from one end to leading membertof the A an in tatratiun p Jr.
the other in the eoioi-ciroite net modifi tr have sgain and again deel.red that uy
ed and limited, it it true,' but protection held hemevee an more bound by
neverihe!ea. Ttiere It protection, ade Compromise Act than by any ordin ry
quite and abundant protection, until the act of legulaiion. , It will be al ft-i.
year and proicction iodt finitely lected tlui at the v'ery last annnal se
btynrid it. Until tnai year, moj virauiai - wr waa givcg w
reduction of du ies is slaw and moderate, respect to the Compromise Act, ml,-
each as was perfect!) emifactory to the every oliiical friend that I luie, tin
m inuf icturera. Now, if the tystem weie the venerab'e Senat-r fmm Troueiaet,
altogether unconstitutional, at had been (who, for particular r'a-ons, voted
contended how could the Senator vote
for a bill which continued it for nine
yer? Then, beyond that period, mere
it the provision for cash duties, home
toluationt. a long and liberal Iit of free
articles, carefuly maJe nut by my Irieiid
from Rhode Island. (Mr.' Knight.) ex
prcsly forthebenfitoflhe manufacturers, j Qt notioii hr Mr c,
and the power of dis-nmination. reserved f), b wb in-,lrilClt,Bt 0 nU
also far their benefit, wuhin the i ma.imum h, fcfl .rtiele which al wrsent ri-
raie of duty mea in tne a. in ine fon- g illty ?qfJi, ,O IWf nlJ t WnU ,j
Uliaunna oe.wrru in -m-. ftm w 9?mtr6$t (1 , mbrscrd br the art
in respect ki the eomprom.ie art, on every of 2 j M irch , gM eomrowiW ,,4
point upon whh I insisted. n f ;4he com prom t a act. it w at deterri.i
war. He wat for a thoner term than , lhe BL4iUf,;
nine ycare. .r.d I nore rand rrduenon.7 I i, 'fhoa who tou-l In, the affirmative ,re,
iiiM.ted. and he yielded. He waa M,r,: 1T;rd. Ulack. Calhmin. Car.
fifteen instead of twenty per cent, aa ihe i (, w Cnttoulen.' )aK K
nuista.ni..Hui ?' " sfJhio.lIendricka. Kent. Knight, M.R
againn any .w..u.n-..., w.m... .u, , M)M,fe Mwi,t iffnlWP ww,,.
limitea range Ol linie ir mc ornrm mi
the manufacturers,' but consented. -To
the last he protested agamst home valoa
lion, but finally gate way. Such is the
compromise act; and the Senate will tee
with what propriety the Senator ran
assert that nullification had overthrown the
Protective Tariff mil the American Sys
tem. Nullification! which asserted the
eitraordinary principle that one nftwenty
foor me ubers of a coulederacy, by ita
seiitrate action, could subvert and tel
aside the exs-rested will of the whole!
incomprehensible d ctrine, that partakes
of the characn r ol the mcU physical achool
of German phdosuiihy, i-r would be
worthv of the puzzling theological con
troversies of the middle sjs.
The A-nencan System, Mr. President,
now s'v much di nded. why 1 know 41 ot,
unless it he because it be American, hat
advanced tin country io the arlt and in
prosperity, at lrt half a century. I be-
lieed, and still believe it. emincn'.ly ad
, vmugenus to all pane of the Union, and I
injurious really to none. In its origin it was J
woiiiu iry up an me sources 01 our revenue
from imports. Whoever will take the
trouble to examine tlie early drhates upon
' the subject will find that 10 have been the
1 prominent nd strong ijnuti'l nfnp..t
tion. I lie prediction being Ul-iln d, its
opponents changed their position, and
charged it with being the parent caue of
the la'.e great surplus in the puhlieree iue.
That surplu. was in fact chiefly produc
ed by the operation of tlie land system,
and 'f the land bill which I introduce,!
aome years sg rsi been passed ( hill by
the bye to which ihe Senator frwn Souh
Carolina was o(,ios-J,) we should have
avniiled al. perplexity in the disposal of
thai surplus, because there' would have
been none. . . .
tNo one, Mr. Piesident. in the corn
menrciuenr of the proiectna policy, ever
supposed ih,tf it vvas l be prrjiiiu.il.
We hoped arid believej ihi temporary
protection extended Io our infant man-
' wfarinres would bring them up, nnd enable
"them tit withstand competition with those
of Europe. We. thought, aa the wise
French minister did, who wheti urged by
a Brunt Minuter to consent 10 lhe equal
introduction into the tnocouutries of their
respertirn pro'lociions, replied that ficc
trule inihi be ver - well for a country
whose manufactures hail readied perfec
lion, but was imt entirely adapted to a
Country whim wished to build up us
manufnetures. If . the, protr etive policy
were en irfly to cease in 1842. n would
have exJs.ed 2d years from 1816. or 18
from 1821; q me as long as, at either of
those periods, its friends eupposed might
be necessary. But it does not cease then,
and I sincerely hope thai the provisions
contained in the CninprO'inne Act for its
benefit beyond that period, will be found
tumVenl for the preservation of all our
interesting manufactures. For one, I am
willmg to adhere .10, and abide by. the
Compromise in all its provisions, present
and prospective, if its fair operation is
Itindisturbed. .
1 ne senate writ knows that I have
been constantly in favor of a stiict and
f.tithfoj adherence to the Compromise Act.
I have watched and defended it on all
occasion!. ' I desire to see 11 faithfully
r inviolably maintained, The Senator,
iciT
too, from Smi t&Carouoa, a.eg!agcu
South were the stealer party, baa likbert,
anited with-me ia tottaiatcg iu Uttr-..
ihtless, he bat left as, aa be ulii as ai
hrsEdge&etd letter, became be afprebe.
ded thai our pnaeiplea would lead kt to
the revival of a high tariS. tlow ataaij
the matter with the other pam? ! ,,
re known that the present Chief MaUtrarc
of 1 voted for the bill of IStS. after, at k
wp - - a wim
... . , - ... , . ....
us. hot who asaured me at the tin f .
he hail no intention ol disturbing tt Ihc
lially the acL) voted for adherr-mt t-i k
and every friend of the AdmimtNt,
with nn or t wo etccptionst tnl at.
11 ' r : i
ii. iirrr, 4ur, a rcsiucn. wrc tt
ana noes;
bins. Southard. Spence, Soift, Ti.n:s.
a umiinion, 11 an, ir rosier.'.
Those who eoted in the ncgnttte ar:
Messrs. teuton, Itrown, Cu'liben. p.
ing of Illinois, Fulton, Hubbard, K ti
Alabama, King of U-oria. Linn, Iai,
M on ton. iSirho'a. ftiles, .Nonrll, V,
Parker, Ktves, IJ. thin-on, It iggle. Se
vier. Strange, Ta'.hnadge, White, V!k.
e Wright-23. ; f
Thiit we perceive that tlit Senstnr
from South Carolina hat left u. s'.d
Nullification! a airangA impracticable, have shown a disposiiion to maintain in.
vnuaoiy in compromise set- on wnirn
lie hat to often profeted to brlie-e that
the tecumy f the South dependeJ. a;;J
hat gone to the other party, which I at
exhibited a direct contrary i!tnoitim m
disregard it And who can doubt that,
if it were neceaary 10 the party in pos
er to secure ibeir places, they would re
vive the tariff much higher than 11 ever
hat ben? ,
. I have never desired, air, to force anf
opiniout of my own upon the pe plef
this country, contrary to their wni I
denounced because it was alleged that it t form mv opitii.ina from the best ltxi.il
II. t f . . . m . . .
which I can command, and freely a
nounce ihrni. If they are unacceptable,
ai any tune, to Ihe country, 1 cheertuliy
acquiesce. With retpe rt 10 internal i
proii nupts. thai other part of tl,e k
rican system, whi -h the Seiuvr aa hi
left ut frotn an sppirhrnsion of i" ni
revived, the tiat- of the roun.rv 11 t.'te.t
Iv altered mice th" power was u ' at-
serted and exen-isctl. In m oni 'c.
and will. i i 4 few year, we i.aie 'tae
ideted ami noi in iiroress mm t i
imprwveinents w hich are ilesir.Me ? "
And, In nil the sta e, lare and Ittal
tipproj.r atii.os of their own me.o, awl
great a.!v-iiee in their varmtis vs otks,
have bee?i inade. When Ihe .hwif tt'il
wa under consideration, I Hated that i
passage would fullr satisfy every reason-
j able ejpi-cutiun of the several state, m
rcpect to meant to be drawn from tn
general government, in regard to interns!
improvements. . Since that period, a mr
ettre hat been adopted nearly equivatrni
to the passage of ihe land bill. b htf!l
about e3tf.000.00t) have been riiJ w
the power of the state, sul jcrt to tli"'
application to objects of internal improve
ments. Ar.d it, as I hope may prmew
he the case, the land bill should al tot'1
future day be passed, scarcely anutlK'
wish can remain as to the application w
lite means i.f the general government 10
works nf internal improvement. In P1""1
t fact." larger appropriations havt brt
maje to that ol yect by the present friew!'
xf the Senator from South Carolina, tba
by any preceding administration. U
had, therefore, 110 motite to leave u a
join them, from any apprehensions m hicia
he could justly entertain with repi w
that system of policy.
... The Senator from South Carolina ,r0
cecds, in Ins Edgefield letter, to say:
" 1 clerly perci ire that a very nnp'f
tant question was presented fur our de
termination,, which we wrre comrf!"'
to decide forth with: shall we ronti"i!
our joint attack with the Nationals on
those in power, in ihe new poin"
which Ihey hare been compelled t uC'
cupy? Ii was clear that, with our j"1"'
forces, we could utterly overthrow '"'
demolish ihem, but it was not le? &
thattho victory would enure, tint to