BIOCSAPIIV OF HEX BY CLAY. The fame of thia emineot statesman end bis history, are already familiar to nan jr. A condensed tie of Lit brilliant tare er, I trust, ill b interesting to roost, if ant all. of the readere whose eyes Uiia brief ketch may meet To know bow an J wby he baa risea ao higa ia the scale of being, may excite ta emulation. When we eoesider that Heary Cla y bat been the architect of bit ewa fortune, has mounted the ladder of dutiactioa by hit own ex erUofis, aided alone by bis satire talent sad iudaslry, his biography becomes doubly interesting. lie is a native of Hanover county, Vir ginia, an J was bora on the 12ih uf April, 1777. His father, who was an esteem ed clergyman, died when his son was but a chilJ, leaving no means by which he could reeritc the advantages of a rfassi ral education. When but a boy, Henry Clay entered the office of Mr. Tiasley, then clerk of the High Court f Chancery at Richmond, where his ca.bryo talents begin to bud aud expand. Naturally a muble ia bis disposition, urbsne ia bis manners, nuble and generous, open and frank, ba gained the friendship of those wiib whom be had intercourse, amongst whom were gentleinea of the highest rank sad omi extensive influence. At the age of nineteen be commenced the study of the lav, and so astonishing was bis pro ficiency, that ia one year after, he was admitted to practice. He soon proved to bis friend', and to the courts in hich he practised, that strength of intellect is not based upon a collegiate diploma, and that talents sometimes shine without receiving an artificial polish from a classic waster. American history is rich with such spe Soon after bis admission, Mr. Clay re moved to Lexington, Ky.. where he pur sued the study of law some time before he Commenced practice. Naturally diffi dent, he attached himself to a debating society, in order to become better prepar ed to enter upon his duties as -an advo cate. It is said bis embarrassment was so great wheu be fmt appeared before his colleagues in a debate, that he address ed the President, gentlemen of the ju ry." Ia a few moments, however, he became collected, and astonished his de limited audience with a flow of eloquence that at once placed him on the hig road to distinction. After remaining at Lex ington a year, he touk his place at the bar. and was soon favored with a lucra tive practice. He grappled fearlessly with the most eminent lawyers, and toon stood at the head of his profession. He gained the respect of the courts and the affection of his clients. Almost cotcm poraneously with his maturity, his poli tical career commenced. In 1803 Mr. Clay was elected a mem ber of the Kentucky legislature, where be soon gained an unrivalled influence, lie was there surrounded by the ablest men of the state, veterans in legislation, who hsd been accustomed to consider young members in duty bound to listen and obey, and not to attempt, for a time, any thing beyond the study of parlia mentary roles. Hut they soon became convinced that the soaring mind of the yoong Virginian moved in an orbit co ex tensive with their broadest expanse. He ass perfectly at home upon every sub jert, and guarded, with an argus eye, the interests ol his constituents, held surjeci always to the general good. His politi cal motto has ever been, my country, my whole country, and nothing but my country." In 1806, Mr. Clay was elected to the Senate of the United States for one year, ti fill the vacancy occasioned by the re signation of Mr. Adair. He there not only sustained the high reputation he had gained at home, but acquired additional fame with each succeeding effort. Du ring that session, he became the bold ad vocate of the internal improvement sys tem, and has ever remained its firm and faithful friend. His first speech in the Senate was in favor of a bill fr the erec tion of a bridge over the Potomac at Georgetown; and so clearly did he pre sent its prospective advantages, ami so fully did he answer the arguments of its opponents, that he obtained the merit of effecting its final passage. Dnring his short slay at Washington, he added large ly to his list of admirers and ftiend. The enduing year Mr. Clay was elect ed i the legislature of his own state, and was chosen speaker by a very large ma jority. During that session, he lud an opportunity, and exhibited forensic pow ers of the highest order. An atterrpt was made, and was advocated at first by a large majority of the members, to pro hibit the use of. or recurrence to, any English law books, in the couris of Ken tucky. This arose from a supposition that the common law was an inexplicable mass, and calculated to mislead rather than inform the understanding. In a clear, lucid, eloquent, and convincing ar gument, their speaker exhibited its base sod ' superstructure, and showed tlial it was founded upon principles few in num ber, simple in their application, plain in practice, and salutary in their results. His effort was crowned with complete success. Aa their presiding officer, Mr. Clay was respected, esteemed, and ho n wed. Familiar with the rules of legis lion, his decisions were prompt, impar ti,!, and generally approved and sustained. Ia 109, the scat of Mr. JLtut.n, ia tie Senate of the United States, became vacant, bur yeara of bit terra only bat ing expired. Mr. Clay was elected to serve ia, lis place the two remaining years. Aa important crisis ia the histo ry of our country was at band. War was raging in Europe, and our flag bad been repeatedly insulted by the contend ing; parties, under pretence of an impro per interference, a course that bad been most scrupulously guarded against by our nation. These depredations upon our rights, oa the part of England, gathered oew strength widt each returning year. Negotiation last its digciiy and force, pa- ei!ie propositions were met with contempt by the Uriiish cou-t, and our minister was treated wub contumely and disre gard. It became evident that we should be under the necessity of measuring swords with the old mother country, be fare she would cease to infringe our rights. Purely American in all his filings, Mr. Clay was among the first ta u'g the ne cessity of preparing for war. Although be was anxious to avoid an open rupture, yet he was fur maintaining the huisira&d dignity of our government, pure aud tin denied, regardless of consequences. At the expiration of bis term, ia I SI I, be was elected a member of the House of Representatives in Congress, of which body be was chosen speaker by a re spectable majority. Under the high ex citement thai then existed, our country on the ere of a war with a nation that bad long been mistress uf the seas, uu'mbtrs differing widely as to the policy to le pursued, it required much nerve, pru dence, and wisdom, to discharge, satis factorily and impartially, tire duties tint devolved upon dim. H:s talents, howe ver, proved equal ta the task; his friends were not mistaken in their choice. He was a warm advocate. for increasing the nary, justly considering it the right arm of our defence. It is to be regretted that this policy is not more strictly pursued, and that our maritime force is stdl far in ferior to the resources and magnitude of our expanding Republic. When Mr. Clay arrived at the conclu sion that nothing short of appeal to aims would save our flag from continued insult, and when war was declared, he urged the necessity of prosecuting it with the utmost vigor and energy. He recom mended raising a force without delay, suf ficient to repel all invasion, and if neces cay, to art offensively, until the pride of Great Britain should be reduced to a com mon level, and she' taught to respect our il.ig and regard our .national rights. He was in favor of having the business done promptly, effectually, and quickly. lie was opposed to nursing s job of tins kind, and advocated strong and decisive mea sures. Mr. Clay was continued Speaker of the House of Representative until 1311, when be was appointed a commissioner, in conjunction with Messrs. Adams and Gallatin, to meet those of England, at Ghent, for the purpose of negotiating peace and a treaty of commerce. So nobly bad he discharged the duties of the chair, and so generally had he won the esteem of tlie members, that when he took leave of them in a short but affec tionate and eloquent address, the big tears were seen, on many a manly cheek, chas ing each other in quick succession. An almost unanimous vote of thanks to Mr. Clay, for his valuable services, followed; and the interesting, soul-siirring scene closed, by a silent look, that told the emotions of their hearts, as each mem ber clasped his hand, an I look a final leave. The mission of the commissioners was crowned with success; hostilities ceased, our rights were recognised, our nation elevated, our honor sustained, and the valor of our navy and army placed on the highest pinnacle fame could rear. In the spring following, these commissioners met at London, ami completed the com mercial treaty, which secured to our country many new and important advan tages. Mr. Clay proved himself as skil ful in the rules and intricacies of diplo macy, as those of the court of Si. James, who had never properly appreciated the strength of American statesmen. In Messrs. Cla, Adams, and Gallatin, Eng land saw a trio of talent, not surpassed by her noblest lord?. Mr. Clay returned from Europe crown ed with fresh laurels, and was met by his countrymen with a kind, a hearty wel come, without regard t' party. Indeed, nothing so soon neutralizes party spirit in the breasts of? true patriots, as a war. However we may differ on matters of policy, every friend of his country will unite in tho common cause to repel a:i invading foe. Peace and prosperity, with all their blessings, are liable to be poison ed by the noxious weeds of jealousy and discontent, which often effect a dissolu tion of the body politic, which a rupture with a foreign nation would effectually prevent. Civil discord is more fatal than the attacks of other enemies. On his return, Mr. Clay was again elected a member of the House ol Repre sentatives in Congress, and remained in that body until the accession of John Quincy Adams to the presidential chair in 1823, by whom he was appointed Secfttary of State, the duties of which he performed with great ability and fidelity to the end of his term, when he was elected to the United Slates Senate. During his whole career, he has ever been a strong advocate of domestic manu- ; facttircs, internal improvements, and a protective tariff. His f-toriie Auierk-a caaalry better . the legisUute bJs. system be Las kept ia tiew. anxious that thaw ia ether ..wauooa. the bouadlesi resource, of oar country Having a! ware stood at At tral f should be fully developed, and our ... , W J,fg ?i?Zi land become tadepeadent indeed. He people of the states lata disuact parties. Perredraising amence from be baa bad -'nag aad inSaeaual poliu oa import, la hqui J. B.tion.1 debt, ral opponents, wh. although they ee and meet the Jurrent expenses of the teemed h.a and acknowledged bis s-pe-,w .!,- hA. recourse I rkr treats, base twice anreessfully op- foverntnect, rather than have recourse I direct taxation, a measure always obnox ious to the people, especially ol a republi can government, la a country aa widely spread as this, embracing such a great variety ol sod, climate, and producuon; , it is not to be expected a unanimity of j opinion can exist among our statesmen and legislators, oa thrse important oiau. Local interests wili rUb. I.wal jealousies Local interests wili chb, bwal jealou will arise, and IvA feeling aomftimes will eau$e men of go hearts and honest intentions to lose sight of their para mount clligalious to sustain our union. This wa strongly manifested ia 1832, daring the d scussion of the tariff bill, when the doctrine of nullification w as protau!ged by several eminent states men of the South. I w as then at Wash ington, aud shall never forget the high excitement that prevailed. Nor shall I cter firget, while memory lasts, the sir ices that Henry Clay then rendered to our cantry. All the horrors of civil war were ro'ht'g into thick clouds, ready to burst in fjry upon ns. The temple of our liht rty vibrated, as if shake by the earthquake of fiion, and the torch of frced'MU grew d.ia ia it socket Even hope, ths shett ascli-r of the soul, could cpir.-clr ln i'ih l if f.t i'0 Id i: mooring. Amidnthit.-?iK'..lcofiMii. the storm gathering re ltcs with evh returning day. ihe ses-i m i.ar!y rlosn!. j dcspa.r throwing it ;! around many uf ; the ai-otot he-irt. .Mr. Uly appeared! with the i':.c bs n-h e f c.i nprumff. j Cairn atil digniu 'd, wi.h p.-aee beaming ' upo.i hi cotiiiteiiMief, s:i,l ths big Imts rolling from l is eyes he portmt-J. in rloviing c.dor.-, the iieeiiy of preser ing, unhrnken. th tdken ords of our uni.n, that had leeu dyed ia the richest blood of our fathers. He then presented a hill which proposed the gradual reduc tion of duties on import, until they should reach the standard contended for by the South. In this plan, he recognized the payment of ihe natin.l debt, and the ultimate reduction of the tariff, to a reve nue that should only mrrl the necessary expenses of the government. The bril liancy of that short hour Mr. Clay has never eclipsed. It was the ilmux f earifily glory, a nb!er act than lo con quer worlds. The sun of reconciliation rose in all its splendor, the dark clouds of discontent and civil disrord vanished, and tears of joy I.ting on many a check, like dew drops i i a su.umcr morning. If I remember tig'.t'y, this wa about the middh? of June, ai;d on the 2G;h, hi bill was finally pis-sed by b it'i branches f Congress, ait 1 received the sai.c;i.n cf the President, thut saving our country from the greatest of all evils, civil war, that bung over us, like a sword suspend ed by a single hair. That act alone was sufficient to place the name of Henry Clay o:i the list of immortal fame, and gives him a stronger claim to the grati tude of his country, than any nu i now upon the theatre of action. The man who preserves his country fiom self de struction, does more than he uimh'ad llaets and armies ti triumph ml victory. He who possesses the rare talent of calm ing ill? raging billows of passion, ts wor thy of the highest honors than can be conferred. It is a heavenly gift, a shin ing ornament, a national blessing. As a mediator to settle personal dis putes, Mr. CI ay is also remarkably haji py and successful. Honorable conces sion and mutual forbearance he has al ways practised and inculcated. He has often healed festering wounds between others, by a single application of the pa nacea of his native good humor and plea santry. He is empha'.ically a peace ma ker. He has uniformly taken a conspicuous part in every leading question U at has been agitated in Congress. His sympa thies have always been alive for oili-r nations, whom he saw struggling for li berty. He was the first who strongly advo cated ihe recognition of the independence of South America. His success in effect ing this, unqoestioiiahiy prevented other nations from entering into an alliance with .Spain against the southern patriots. The services of Mr. Clay were highly appreciated by them, and form ill v re cognized by Uicir Congress. His name is interwoven with their history, as their advocate and benefactor. Suffering Greece a's roused his ten dcrest cyaipatdies. He urged, wiih all the powers of his unrivalled eloquence, the propriety f sending a commissioner to that classic land. He was strongly in fnvor f having the public lauds appro priated to the bdvanccnient of internal improvement and education. He has been a zealous advocate for ihe coloniza tion of free negroes. On the great na tional or Cmiibeiland road, a beautiful mnnuirienl hit hern rurd. iusvuhtd " IICNRV Cl.AV His tab iits weie dn- Iy appieciaicd bv Presidents Malison and Monroe, thf former f whom nlfi red him a mission to Russia, an.! subsequent. Iy a place in his cabinet, botii of which he declined. Mr. Mimroc tillered him the proud station of minister lo the court of St. James, and a place in Ins cabinet, which he also declined. II: bad found, by experience, that he could serve his posed his fleeti aa to the prrsideatial chair. Like a m irity of great mea. be mast be fathered to bis fathers before full jat txe will he cone ta WS mm. aau pairw 'urn, Frjta Lis tomb. Irr.n laurels wsii sprit up. and ming.e i.ieir ouuur -.. the evergreens of enduring r.me. I Ie bitterness of party spirit will be lost ta nd mingle their odour wr-a the grave, and rwsfri'y will award ta liim that praise which thousands now withhold front the very lact that be is a great m.n. rr native eloquence. Mr. Clay stands unritalled ia our or.a'ry, if not ia the world. For elegance and ease in aetioa when speaking, I have never seen bis eyiJ. Hi figu erfrt: h1 voice dear, rich anJ melodious, fillin; a greater space at the same pitch thaa anv oiher 1 ever heard. !! cauiite- nance is animated and pleasing, and Me manner alwsvs hsprdy adapted t the su5-j-ft. Hi atgutituta are uta'dy well arra iged, lg:cal, and to t!i piit. Un der txeitiTtviit, t.c is Snil ;tmK prroi 1, hurling at nit a?i!ag'iii the kreu lan cet of satire, but, like the Cnit, he cunts a spiik by c .Swi n. end then is rol a- 4in. lie appears never m .11 wi?l sgain-t any person. It pnv.te conversation, be i interring. rrbh, and i ays I ::!. f 1 1 and rhr.i Mi.rM. Li hi mianrrs, !. I- i.ff . ge:iiScui4H ly. ad highly ee.w.plibJ; at the can timo sa plain and ea-y, th.t a fr tier or ineHunic, tiii ucjston.id l. ro-npati in j t.i,ii IA, loci tutn.t.t. in i '" j mnits, perf-rily tree and ril.cied irm nil tM)'jiiMsii.eot i'i Ins presence. 1 1 is frank, affiCtioiiate, and warin-heartvd; a faithful friend and a generous enemy. Ht possesses much of the milk of hu man kindness; hi heart is always moved at the uiisf.trtiinrs of the human fan.ily, individually and collectively, and w her he can, he relieves their wants with a li beral hand. In bis private and domestic relations, he is respected and esteemed, and sheds the rays of happiness, harin ny and peace through evrry circle it which he moves. Winn he lakes his final flit to that country from whose bourne no traveller rcti.ru. taking hna all in all, our country will probably ne ver look on his like again. His merits have raised him in life, may g'ory en shri.ie him in death. AstnoMts. Piiilad p'.u. A pi' It. H3-. - I'ra'n AV-.Jsf's MeMenger THE RESUMPTION OF SPEt'lE PAYMENTS. The expediency, or rather, ihe iiespe diency of a speedy resumption of spece payments is very ally disenssed by Mr. Iluldle, President of the United States II ink of Pennsylvania, in a lct:er address ed to the II.inoriMt.-J din Q itucy Ad i n, and published in ihe .National (Jazritc uf April ?th. The argument is divided int-t scten distinct heads of w hich we can oi.ly give the following summary. I. The causes f ihe -'.ipcnion of sprcie payment arc still in full force. II. The credit y!rm of the United St iles and the exclusively mctaliie system, are now fairly in the fivld face lo fire to ea' lt oilier; an I one or the other must fall. III. The disorders of the ennn'ry lie to deep for superficial rcmed;e. and palliatives irritate without curing. Con gri', and Congress .lone, can apply ad j iaie relief. The situation of the banks now is compared with wlial it was ut I'm ht resumption of specie payment. As t!,i is the argument which Ins the gre.iut foree in it, we give ii entire. IV. Compare the situation uf the links at the list resumption a-td now After a suspension for nearly thn e years. Congress applied :.il its power to induce, to persuade, atnl to asiit tho I' inks in iheir efforts t resume. Tlicy pasned the resolution of I?tlG, amiiorizi.ig the recepl of the notes of specie-paying Hanks. Hut ibis alone was ii)st:f!tViei'; and at lilt? same tim? they established the Hank of the United State, with a capital of thirty five million. The II ink called a Con vention of State Hank, and agreed that if they would rcsirne specie pivuient, it would. 1. Assume all llo ir debts to the Go vernment of the United Sta'es. 2. D.senunt to those wIm had pay ments to m.ke ti the G iveriiment. fir? w hole amount of their bonds and in addi tion. 3. Discount lo those not indebted to the Government two niitl.oi s ia New York, two millions in Philadelphia, one and a half million in Baltimore, and hall a milium in Richmond .m l. 4. Wool ! s itam ihe re-tit!ih 15-mfc h ch,- i!.r resumption brought th-m into illilUi'llllV. j Too Dink at the fnm lime imported. a. j rjimi.-e ni more in.i:i Hall a iiii.Imu. the sum of seven million f specie; ml l.vo m i.iii.s afier tli resuoiptioii lis dis coeiiU readied twenty o.illi tns. Com pare with this statement our condition now. Then the government agreed to receive Ut all does the aotre r-f the Um.V ,f rj United Sutrs e all Ilr.k mAet related aad discredited. . Thea the c Ttrament raaeavorea n sastaia the TUbit now it is atrising to sVairey (U The it estallitbed a oew aad saaaav rspiiat nw ii niwses to rre( . new ILbk, and seeks ta cripple n existeace. "Pliea we bad tw t,ai and sixty Ilaks now we base aearly Bine hundred. , J la sburt. ht reliance base rj4tjt now with the Executive bostde u tLrs Wbt prmertioa like that i-f tU l, Hank of tlie United Sutee Lave they to uiaia iheml Nne hatrver. The only rircamstar.ee not abolly au favorable ia the comparison, ia iha rate of exchange wiih Englaoi. Cy noihing general or permanent can be frrred Irom thia riretimstancr, wb frrquent'y occurs, anJ oa the pitsett occasion is wholly accidental ia N Yotk. from the unnatural coaditioa ku which her measnrcs of extreme rigor bats dtivea every thing. If under ordiasrr rircu'iistan.rs, whdc oiher tilings andrr- f ut no depiest ioa,eirhange oa Englanj should decline, it might be inferrrj il,tt England owes t the United Sute amrt thin we have cl drawa from ber. B4 it is not exthanie alone that h.a f.lV- Exch ingeon England baa not fallra ia I New Yoik aa much as the internal ti j ch i.tg-s or stocks or real estate, or hoe . it- it I'ate fallen. Tliisfaeiseemsdeciitts I as In the cause. Hal can this deprettioa si a - oaa coiiiiisiif-: t.rrui.iiy noi. . nese rig.r ous measures are understood la be vu! pr Iftiioary only preparaituns f.-r aari. p-to.i in by th Hanks of New "i;. wlti.-h to retoie eae ai.U coi.liJti.r.. Wii!, the n.ouirui this ease and C'Hifi. d. ucc return, all things will rise, di. charge of course smong the nmnWr. Ilesnles tlu Uiinaturi,! ruMl.ti.Mi work il own remedy, a all irregi.1 .ntir, are cured by their own r-ee. 1 sill every thing and to boy nothing i imprartic.hle, an I when the EngUsh have bought all the produce we have to spare, we must of course buy front thrin sl it nianuf iciures they hive to. spare. As soo'i as the proceeds of our industry ar rrahzed in Engl nd while we hue gradu dly exhausted oursupply of Enjluh (Kids our own merchants will con ten their profna inti a fre!i supply to te brought ovet: or. if this process be loo slow, the Engii'h inaouf.?turrrs ll.rm selves will send their o vn goods fur sale. In either eae ihe eirlmi e w ill recover its i q'idihr.um, ai l of ronrse will rise here, firbitwecn tw.i such countries at America and Ei;!vid. a erminriil ine quality of etching-, as a basis uf the meldlic currency citfu r, is i.npni'i!!c. V. The state of the rountrv is tinfnr- able t a resumption of specie uaynifaf; being such tint the conti action of imuci and accomm ulations bv the b.nki, i.e- cesssry to a rvsumption, wodJ ocei n immeasurable ruin and distress in ih cou. miiuiiy . This is show 11 b v rrfercict t J facts. VI. 'I lie month of Miy is ihe aur-t season of the year for resuming, 01 accojut itfihc state ofdoin-sticrsrlianis s and the i.on rec ptnoi n the avadt l t! t cotton crop from Europe. VII. The drterminatioa of ihe Ne York Hank 1 lesume in Msv, it im tut for Pennsylvania or my oihrr 'a'. because it arises from lh liunti ions If the act of the legislature f New Y h, which compels iheir banks to usuti.e, ut farfeil their charter. Mr. Middle ad ie to the banks e eraliv found-.! on tins state of the cf. is thus eprcsed. Oa the w hole, the eonrse w hith in rt f j j lgmeni, t'te Hanks ought lo pursue, is iintj.Iv tin: The Huiks s'io-iM remain rstct'y a they are prrpai a;g to resume, but r.i vet ri'Mimir.g. Tbcy should begin, ihe Hank ff England did, under similar eircuiniJi'r'' by j a ii..' if .n i!i n m so as to rcsti.-r com 1 1 ail the iinirir ihi'inr! l cu cu!:itio:i but i.ot u.akn any general U- ii;Tt;i!Kin uiiii! V,tvy aeert:iin lial ciii.rtS lh J ut r uii' iii i!i ;e-ri!c. ciiipii'ji'i in the niean;!-!! t':r:r whole pouir t) ftirnar.J the crotw 1 1 nia.ket. The Ame rican I! t:;U shoitl l l ri sh irt whatt e Amerit'.in Aruiv did ;it New Otlear.' stand f.it beiiiioi l'n tr cotton bales ' the e:ii V has It li tlie eoiilitrv. These are my opijii.-u ery ! liherate- lv formed, and very frankl v espressi t. They are ibu si t lorth. nol lo inlhit:. e the course nf odi rs, but t i xp'.Mi t')' own. The Iln-ton Jotiriu l publishes n " count of a woman near Sinlt i!c Si. Man" who on ihe 3 1 si uf Jan , fefiiii from tl wnei peeled afeiic f h r h .sliai il ! he tt.nl been liozeu o. u way homf, suited 111 pursuit f him w r.h her inl in her hrin. " There is reason to believe thai ':e proepeded about two miles with hercdtH in bei arms, ami then limliii siuc t. ci.hv in nrnPt'pdiiii! furiher. s'ic ictrv I hrr steps mid had arnve.l wi lon r ids of the wivam, w!io slit' tti,s ourcrunt Willi the i-fdd t.'.iii she : able to n (! Ii.nl.er, io! ' " frozen iiindi: in an ere t peMti"" ' the -IIOlV. Ier I. tile cbdd I"""' .,,! a ilist;ne.- of ah f.veniy V T'l ear ' Iy enveloped m ciiiu.e wncli t '"" ''' ' b id stripped froui her own j rsmi, J';) d r to pinlong h:u! Uoth wM,ehM" Tho husbniid was mfe. ami liaiilf!i kept f'oip hoir.r t lir'it'kppr.'".