North Carolina Newspapers

Hi rertaiw'r. . r. I fcel; w.el.'. Thtl bank ootra hate K, m r.r t J ... t.m iiu tHe a certain. tci.. r we already bound w r .nr.d and reju'rfe them! The gentle man wdl !-! we have noi. our . m !' mo ey. But is that r answer? tb'f ' n"v" net- i fr- T reqaire the sae rf laii. ail we hit lh same authority . bei if aequired rSrxur bf any i'U ol our : be ru 'Mir power it general; it i. to take car mf the m ijr d the r unuy. and to regulua all the great concerns of com mere. But 11 ' op'lM c" honorable m-mHer aiand. opoa the iu thoriiie in our own hil-cy. When the 6ri b"k established, tho rig! of Congress to create such a corpora n was. II nw. trJ much disputed. I.wge mjritie, how over, in b'tb tluf. were of opinion thai the right eaiied, and they therefore graatej ilie charter; and this charter i!iere am aa eprt provision that the bill of ihe bant should be receivable in all payment to eovernmeni. Those ha opposed the bmk dil not objeel to thU eluc: n ?' eairry. ihey weni even much f4!ief; ami Mr. M.!im ex. pre!y infi.ie.1 ih C.inre Mi2hl f rant or refue i: bk. ile privi lege of hm ihir n-iet receieJ in re venue, h '01. therefore. oen of !! ptniee euppfMeJ ilui Vangtf, in in 1U eretion. !ht aoth.wiz the receipt of btnk ntff. The vaiae principle w in enrpnralcJ into the bak charier of 1816: inJeeJ. it m the bn'l which the jn l!eman lumIf reporteJ; anil it paed wiihoai '.jcun Tm n tnjr quarter. But thia it n.rt a I. Mr. Preai jent. let ut look into the proCfeilmf wf the aettion of 1315-10, a lit U mute clely. "At the comu'iiceaiect ( that eiirtn. Mr. Ma ilman Jre oor aitcnti m to the atate of the eurrenry; y inch he meant the pa per eurrrnry ol i!ie eot;n ry, avliich u then very aiurh !jrdtretl, as the bankt au;"cnilfd ?tcw ivmcnt during ilie war, and h l l ruaied. Urly in the pnjre of ihe fnn. the honorable member fntn S uih Cuolina moed that thia pjrt of lie me32e ahouM be refr ie J tti a e!eci coiamuwe. It aa o or !ercJ. The at n-iuttee wat ried. and il.e hunur-i'.ile fi.t.eman ruced at tta had. A chairman of (he commute, he j introduced the biuk bill, explained it, de fended it, and c.rr.eJ it triumphantly through the II ue, having in it the pro tuioii w!u:!i 1 hie before mentioned. Bat there is soineiliinj mnre. At the si ne i-kr.;i the g?o'ha.au in'nJuced the bill for the fur.(.r coiieriuci of the reveau", ta w hih I hare already reler reJ. an I in wh;eh b II he carriel the re-ceivab-it'y of biik no'es much further, and prnti l-d t'ia! n:U rf any bank or backers which wtrt payable and pail, on demn.l, in ?.-i. mt!U be allowed and aectpU I i i a.'i pr,mnl$ to the t'nile l S'a'ei. S ) ih a i!ie honorahle genil-man liin!f lrw, with hi own pen, the ve ry firt i eiuotitient in the history of l'ii goirrnment, by which it waa provi !ed that the !:: of Ute bank ahould Ic cohmLt- ! anl treated a money at the treasury. .S ill further, sir. The bill conUin;n;j t'n pr iiion did not pas the Inu; anJ a I decin'J some provision ne3'v. in'!irirnatiir neeesarv, lor the :v r.f tM4t then tUmir. I intra-1 d iced, I t icik ihe very next day after the against a great number of offences; thus failure of ihe honorable gentleman bill, deducing the highest exercise of crimi iLres ro'utions. The two first were i nal jurisdiction, by reasonable and ncces- inerel d?c!aratVy. aseriing that all da lies, me. and impost', ought lo be nni f r.n, as J that the revenue of the Uni ted S'.st ought to be collected and re rc.e I in the legd currency, or in trea sury ti .ira, r ihe note, of the Bnk of the U ii;ej S.a'es. a. by law provided. Tn-ss to tf V.ution I agreed to waive, as it w thoujhithey were not essential, and Vut ihsy might imply aome decree of censure up-n past transactions. The th rJ resi,:uiirn wls in these words; '.l if rttalced, further. That the Se Cfetary .f i!te Treasury be, and he here by i, req ur J and directed to adopt audi measures is !, may deem necessary to rmp, as tun at may be, ail duties, til ' tlbts, w t ,,,,, f money accruing or l-emnin2 payable t,i the United State. t beco,f.c;e. ,,n(j paj,j jn fg,j cur. ecy i,f (!,e t'tii'l States, or treasury tii'es. or n..es f ihe H.nk of ihe United Sta'w. iresuiii; and that from and af. ter the In liy f rebruary next, no auch duties, t .xes (Ic'j:,. or suoi. of money ar-crum ,r bo.iM1? payable to the Lniied St,u!4 s,f.,rega,J,' ought to be i;!ettp.J orrtemrd oliieiwise than in the legal currtMcv of the United Stales, or trtasHry n.,,, er U(lle(j ,f ,,,,, Kmk of the United stei-. a afreaid." Ihe Se.,!e w,,i pceive that, in thi resolution vi n.-.,?, there ws. no provi sion whatever f.,r reeving bank noles. Well, what happem-tl thcreti I I- . . Why. sir. if ron iook into t'ie 4-in-i l,' u;.... :.t ... fhnz -Uv. yo.j WI)1 fid it .uted. w Mr-,( i""" mtved t.. amend Mr. cosier re....l .;.., u.. ., i-,, .. ... jtratuton to (h, mtel orfl j r , . - tut Vlfli9 Lietr noe, , tptfi. 0ti p"y ; I Im arneu l.neiii ,,. .... . r ... a liiBSwefealcd.liai u W4l ,l.-vh,I ,., I pitily amoi'ie resuiliitKjT) ll His ,nd, an j s !- w il.e part.il ihe law ''i's ai thj. ... t q 33 rut. Sir, may 1 not My ta lue.cscccuirjiy rt'r u.. - y liMiarable eober. that U the Canitaa-'opiaiena ahoiiU be eipreaicd tttt, ba um mt $M cminlry baa teen tilatJ by Uine lade foiiadaaoa. and yet o .ell u.i! m ,ta eaai mAHV rt the . I the man; j BU " ,v" i it pofft',e. air. tbe eailenaa;iauiauona of the country. 1J aa far f.w?et fcia own ajeary in, Bot. air. I lia.e eitended tbeae iheaa most imroruat tranaacuona. aa w , ainriy . - t . . wrma- Mr. it ie w iu " i - , ,!, i.r. ...d iihi uftiCcatioa but in ray moo"" eomic- iiieiruu.. v- , .,.,,.-,. ,Uatkw. or the Crat en drfeiWmr af the importance of tbi. criaia in f cr, barmony. f ..mfMb!e ' from true principtea. draw a . in. . n... I .,V.t.!l hirfier eroand. I oor nauonal alUira. e are. aa it eecme , py ic ....u.Uina or dciorturre aUrr It; .7;i . .-o. -f.,. bier; I JenT ! to me. about to rh raadly from or pro-j f" V.' w .5'. I Z Mt .urrender f i.t autboriiy a- r .i1;.R.er,eBttotreatb.nk rrr apherca. Wa are t relmqaiah t!.e fiaia. on me u.y t.1-mrflM1iwel,UtSeid -o.e in it. B.cal lr.n..W.. s rif-rmance of or o.a iocambent du- ferr.rmea "- "t " j H ' ram 'k , wlU to break it i. n iha aaestion I never nave oei.we i . -. - .'u - Mri. la to decree na biumaie , - - .i. i .. .1. r urntiii DinMim allien iruru ia v-... i . ,. . - .. .. e..m.tied eaTaelf. ihM-h not eeneraHy i iTu if oi'formii or tl preaainc opinion..- . I .iy auly add. air. that thia recepuoa , irmenioi nans i m - t - IJjt no., air. .bat i the principle of eonftruciina upon .Inch I'm f eiiUeman rcliea to ana tain bia doctrine! TU ge nial of our Conetitution, be eaye. ia oppoaed ! aUnpUr.t of power." Thia ia undoubtedly true: no one ran deny it. But he add. whatever power it givea. ia eipreaaly granted. But 1 think, air. thia by no meana fol low from the firat propoMiion, and can not be maintained. It ia doubtlea true that no power ia to be aseumed; but then power may be inferred, or ueeearily implird. It ia not a qnettion of asaump linn. it ia not a quettion f fair. yU and reatonable inference. To bold Uat no p.er ia granted and no meana author'. zed, but auch a are granted or authorized by ezpre word, would be to establith a doctrine that would put an end to the Government. It could not last through a aingle aesaion of Congrea. Il audi opinions had prevailed in the beginning, it never could have been put in motion, and would not have drawn ita first breath. Mr friend near me, I rnm Delaware. Iia gone so fully and ao ably into thia pait of the euhjecU that it baa become quite unneretaary far nte to pursue it. W hen the Constitution confer on Congress a general power, or imposes a general du ty, all other powers neremry for the ex ercise of that general power, and for ful filling that duly, are implied, so far a there is no prohibition. We act every day upon this principle, and could not carry on the (!acrnment without its aid. Under the power to coin money, we build expensive mints rill them with officers punish such officer for embezzlement buy bullion and exercise various otn tr acts of power. The Constitution ya that the judicial power of the United States shall be t ested in certain courts. Under this general authority we not only establish audi courts, but protect their record by pe nliies agmnst forgery, and the purity of their administration by punishing perju ries. The Department of the Post Oil.ce is another, and signal instance, f the ex tent and necetsity of implied powers. The whole authority of Congress over this subject is expressed in a very few word; they are merely " to establish post offices and post roadi." Under this short and general grant, laws of Congress have been extended to a great variety of very important enactments, without the specific grant of any power whatever, as any on mny ace w ho will look over the I post office laws. In these laws, imm; other provisions, penalties are en acted sary inference, from the general authori ty. But I forbear from traversing a field already so fully explored. There are one or two other remarks, sir, in the gentleman' speech, which I must not entirely omit to notice. In .peaking o! the beneficial effect of this measure, one, he ays, would be, that "the weight of the bank would be taken from the side of the tax-comumert. where it ha been, from the cmmence- mr-iii ati tue trovernmeni. anu maceu on - a.tl ihe side of the lax-naiitrt. This great J .. l$3i brth.Jdejiie.ctofJun.fth.t perhapaafaulinroadapon the cn.tyof 1- ''".V" ,"i,..on. rflio temptation and aedaction. in rear, and br ihe bdl .h.eb pa.aed bo.h commerce bet.ecn the.e .i. e.. a. .ell : aCed ucatn. aud lU , .oc i pf p,. .a il,,a,e. in 1 S3?, but hkh ih. Trcident ' a. to embarra.. and barr.a. the employ- eady - Up ;A .arTtl.ia apirit i. atrenethened by aenae division of the communry necessarily how lar a tinilorm system in tlieir com-( meni, t:. en t iat constitution win nave uu- w nan are iiht iy to inspire our cniiuren j nte rrsuti.sieppeu on Doaru a ran w grow, out of the fiscal action of the go- inertia! regulations may be necessary lojed. utterly failed to accomplish the pr. with the love of union, to enlarge their, lay alongside, and the moment after ihe verninent." their common interest and their perrna-! cise, distinct, original object, i;i which it patriotism, or to leach them, and to make . Moselle put rff. the correctness ofhisjudg Sir, I utterly deny that there is the least foundation, in fact, for this distinction, It is an odious distinction, calculated to inspire envy and hatred; and being, as I think wholly groundless, its .ng-jestion. and the endeavour lo maintain it, ouoht to be reaisted. and repelled. We are ; tax-Oavers in the United States, w ho use at-tirua n uiui-n i in nos is are laid: and . -. .... .-a who is there that is excused from this tax. or does not pay his proper part of it, ac cording to his consumption! Certainly no one. 0:i the other hand, who are the tax consumers? Clearly, the Army, the Na vy, the Uborers on public works, and oth er persons in Government employment. BjI even these are not idle consumers; they are sgents of the government and of the people. Pensioner, may be consi- dered as persons who enjoy benefit Irom the public taxes of the country, without rendering present service in return; but the leiral provision for them stands on the vriiiini nf nrevimia merits, which none Jenv f we haJ rM, Btlin, ,eut, the annual interest ol wnic.i was a cnarge up - . - .... on the country, the bolder ol Hit. dem might be coiiKidered a. lax-consumers, lint we have no audi debt. If the dis tinction, therefore, which the gentleman slates, exist any where, moat certainly it does t exist heie. And I citiint but ! . .t ..Him.nla ttnt fir and wide, ijaiii.t li overemeat and remark powere. eonGded by tlie uonaututioo wiiuiion. r,u our band,, fcr the good of the eo0n.ry. no. a,, in thncb.u d l TM. ... my opin,-n Jijy ia my oplniua no., tt" I W . ,m , Sonhm man. A .i a n mm n m I i. ma uu. air in - . . : . -, - ... on .ormuy or iucuu.,. . 8 S whole history of the countrr. of her with hook, ol .tee!. And j et. sir. every Ve r and eJeVy month, from' the j with the me ainccri.y of respect. ,ha close A the war ol the Revolution to!ea.ne deep gtautude. the'.ame reverence, IT8D, Prove, .hi,. Over al.ate.er other andhe.i.v gWaill. wi.U which I would intcre. it w. made to extend, and ! par a aimUar tribute to either of ihese whatever other blessings it now doe.. or!.t."ie.. do I here acknowledge the Com- hereafter may. confer on the milliona of monwealth of Vitginia to be entitled to free citizena .ho da or aliall live under' the honor of commencing the work of ee - :.. ......!. j ,;m- ,! come, it .hould raise a pyr'.mid of power is hers; let her erjoy ,-; lei her forever ; when that duty .. uned and grandeur, whose apex should look! wear it proudly; Iher. ia not a brighter, W hear. every day. seutiments and argu down on the loftiest political siucttirre of jewel in the tiara that adorna her brow. : menis. which would lcoma a roeeung of other nationa and other ages, it will yet Let this resolution stand, illustrating her envoys, employed by separate Covern be true that it waa itself the child of press- j records. 6nd blazoning her name through j ments. more than they become the com inir commercial necces.iiy. Unity and all time! . . .mon I.eS.Ja!ure of a united country. ing commercial neccessny. unny miu. waa ita aeroinal principle. It had been! found absolutely impo.ible lo excite or J fo.ter enterprise in trade, under the inflo- ence of discordant and jarring .tale regu-' lations. The country wa. loing all the adt.ntxre ..f it. D.M.ition. The Kevolu-' tion ite!f waa b ..ainn nr t,i be reearueu as . . . a doubtful bless ing. 'I he ocean before us UVHVIIIVfHl waa a barren waste. No American can- vass w hitened its bosom no keels of ouia ploughed it. water. The journals of the extent to which the commercial power , ana wa. not lueiy to iu long, ine Congress of the Confederation .how ihe j must necessarily extend. The eagaciiy ' process of disintegration begins, by urging most constant, unceasing, unwearied, but of New Jersey had led her. in agreeing ( the fad of different interests, alwava unsuccessful appeals lo the .tatesj to the original poposiiion of Virginia, to j Sir, is not the end obvious, lo which and the people, to renovate the system,' enlarge the ohject of the appointment of all this lead u! Who doeo not see that, to infuse into thai Confederation at once a' commissioners, so aa t- embrace not on-j ifronvirtiona of this kind take possession spirit of union and a spirit of activity, by ' ly commercial regulations, but oilier i'hi- ' of the public mind, our Union can here conferring on Congress the power over; porfant maltert. Thia suggestion the after be nothing, while it remains, but a p.. i ., i it,, nprreniion of eommiitioneia adonted. because thev connexion without harmony; a bond with it. indispensable necessity by nothing tlIU. J1 I ! 1 11 v.. - - - - . - - but their consiousness of suffering from i want, were the .tatc and the people brought, and brought by .low degrees, to invest this power in a permanent and competent government. v.- u.i.. ... i, ru....ni Unirnin. .f the old Coneress. in Jlr, 1785. in a let - Ull, liai rn ,v .v. -,-,- ter addressed to the atate, prepared by Tr Mnnrn. lr. Ivino. ami oilier .Teat1 names, now transferred from the lists of are now in the constitution, were expect living men, to the record which carry cd to branch out of ti e necessary corn down the fame of the distinguished dead, menial power; and, therefore, the letter The proposition before them, ihe great, of the commissioner concludes with rc objects to which they so solicitously en-; cninmendirg a general convention to deavoured to draw the attention of the ; lake into consideration the ulude iifua- states, was this, viz: that the LnilvcJ States, in Congress assembled, should have the sole and exclusive riiililnf reca lating the trade of the states, as well with foreign nations as tsith each other." This, ihcy say, is urged upon the states hy every consideration of local ss well as of federal policy; and they beseech them to acree to it, if thev wish to promote the strenffth of the Union, nnd to connect: ! :. L.. .t. .M.i a r,i ..I a. i.l f. fection. I country, we betray its interests, we turn denounces its important measures, in the In the same spirit, and for the same ourselves away from its most crying r.e- language in which our Revolutionary fa-1 end. was that most important resolution crssitics. Sir, it will te a f art, stamped . thcrs spoke of the oppressions of ihe mo- j which was adopted in the House ol l)c-j in deep and dirk lines upon otir annuls;' ther country. Not merely again! Ilxecu-I-jjip. f,f Virginia, on the 21st dv of it will be a truth, which iii all time can live usurpation, cither real or supposed. the following January, ciir. I read" the ' resolution entire. " Jlesolved. That Edmund Randolph.! and others, be appointed commissioners,, .. I... .. . t. .. ..1....T. t,n1t in.l such commissioners as may be appointed by ihe other states in the Union, at a time nui'i ' ' i an, I. " i. ' ii i ' ii. . .nun .ii and ui ace to be agreed on, to lake into! consideration the trade of the United; States; to examine the relative situations! and trade of the said states; to consider 1 . - .. nenl har.nony, and lo report to the .eve-( rd .taf-s such an act relative to this great ohjoci, a. w hen unaiiimn:ily ratified by j ihe;n, will enable the Untied States, in j (Jongres assembled. cffectuaSly to pro- j vide for the same: that the said commis-; Isioner shall immediately transmit to this; ! several states copies of the preceedingre - .. - - -. .. .solution, wii i a circular leiier reaiicsuiiir tlieir concurrence tlieretn, and proposing a time and rdace for tlie meeting afore- ' said liere, sir. let us pause. J.ci us linger at the water, of this original fountain. Let us contemplate this, the first step, in that series of proceedings, so lull of great events to u and the world. Notwith standing the embarrassment and distress of the country, the recommendation of -a. sr. the oil Congress had not been compl ; ed with, tvery attempt lo bring the state Legislature into any harmony of action, or any pursuit of a common ob ject, had signally and disastrously failed. The exigency of the case called for a new movement; for a more direct and nower- . .. ...... a 1 iui aitempi io oring me good sense and ; patriotism oi the country into action up on the crisis. A solemn assembly was therefore proposed a general contention of delega.es from all the state. And now, sir. what wa. the exigency : What ; wis this srisis? LxA at ihe resolution it- ttU; there m rol aa idea in it but uJc Commtrcr! roanueree! ie tLe UjiBBinf and end of it. TU autject t be cmf derrd and eiaa:ined vaa "tlia relative a ovation of the trade of the eiatM aad nl.iect to be attained aa t!ie ' J bhfhmcat of a unijorea arete ni in lleif have now tie i e- .trr;al revuliiioDt. aa iecetav wl Ue tucmbeieof Un.!chwm.ihooSn !!; ll,rH,?h U. .ill. m t-i .n.;n.;n imm tire manifestation id an- -,: : - , me a f.i.ii.hin i:miiitution. I lie Honor The meeting, sir, proposed by the re - solution waa hidden. It look place a. we all know, in Annapolis, in May of the aame year; but it wa thinly attended. and ita member., very wisely, adopted ineasurea to bring about a fuller and more ecnetal convention. Their letter to the " ' r..tt - r states on mm occasion is iuu 01 luiuyt- , tion. It ahow. their sense of the unfi 1 " ----- , lunate condition of Hie country. In their meditatione cn the eubject, they aa w the j - - . ; ihoiii'ht. as titer inform tis. that the power of regulating trade is of such com - prehensive extent, and will enter ao far into the general system ol tue l euerai Government, that lo five it elneacv, and I ... . j to ouviaie question anu uounis concern- in ita nieride nature and limits. miht j - ' require a correspondent adjustment ol other part rt ol the Itueral vtem. liere ' . voti see. s.r. that other powers, such as nun oj nte i mie .i ourci, ami io otir sm:h lutthtr provisions a ahould appear necessary to render the constitution of the Federal Government adequate to the ex igencies of the Union." The result of ibal convention w as the present constitution. And yet, in the (iiiJt of r.ll this (loud nf light, respecting its original olpct. and tuirt'osc. ami with all the adequate power which it . iftn!ra ;.I.niiIitn II rntwiniftrrt. ail II.A never be denied or evaded, ihnt if this( constitution shall not, now and hereaf;cr, i he so a.lminUtcrcd as to maintain a up:- ' form system in all matter of trade; if it( iliull nnt nrn'ppl nnd reaulaf ihe enm. ; - - - . - - - . - ...... - -- i merce of the countrr, in all its great in- j teresis, in it foreign intercourse, in its domestic intercourse, in its navigation, in it. rnrrenry, in every thing which fairly belongs to the whole idea of commerce, , either as an end, an agent, or an instru - ' ... .. .. . a r had its being. j them feci, that their destiny has made In matters of trade, we were no Inn-1 them common citizens of one great and ger to be Georgians, Virginians, I'cnn-' glorious republic! A principal object, in s Ivai.ims, or Mssac!rj-ett men. We'hisU'.e political movements, the gentle - were to have but one com-iscrre, and that! man himself tell us, was to ovii.'e tle ihe commerce of the United States, entire South; and against whom, or There were not to be separate flig4, wav- against what, docs he wish lo unite the i i"g over separate commercial systems i, .. . . i nere w as to re one nip. me l ruRi- Bis i t:v, and toward that was lo be lhat. rally of united interests and affections i ; which nor fathers had so earnestly iuvt.k eu. Mr. President, this nnity of commer cial renUtion is, in my opinion, indis pensable to the safety of the union of the tatc. themselves. In peace il is its strongest tie. I care not, sir, on w hat side, or in w hieli of its branches, it may be attacked. Every auccessful attack up on il, made any where,' weakens the whole, and render, the nexl assault easi er nnd more dangerous. .Any, denial of, its j ist power is an att.ck upon il. We! attack it, most fiercely attack it, whene- ver we say we will not exercise the pow ers which it enjoin. If the Court h ad yielded lo the pretension of respectable states upon the subject of steam itaviga. tion. and lo the retaliatory proceedings of other states; il retreat and excuse, and disavowal of power had been prevailing sentiments then, in uhu co:id.liou, a McUd iLe .-.earn aaiifatioa of the fR!rj b fouo Ta ea. air, to aa, lia cenntrjiaea. to aa. bo feel aa aaach adaairauoa for bit je aina, and aa eaoch f raiuude for tue aer ticee, Fnltoa wotiM bve lived alaioat in vain. Suue fraata and euta esrlutioea aotild Lave coveted orr au out aiaicra. artura Par ana ill ored. oce tceaibrr went in all. if u"t oa oa . am. I . . a af . 1 jihe .f,!e .ild oceaa .ill ponr in. and ! .e may lien tbro. aP embankment, in - apparent I ,nndrnri.CTfr thing. reaiote. laical ; intrrtt.a,.d feeling, overshadow national senumenta. Our attrnUor. our regard, and our attachment, are etery momen ! eoIie.it J l what louche, ti. close., and we feel les. and Ie. the attractioo of a distant orb. fcurh tendencies", we are ! bound by true patriomm. and byourloie j of union, to reeiet. fhia ia our duty; and , me moiurin, iu wj luuimni-, j J - menis. wuirn wouiu nceouia wtruni wi . . , Constant appeala are made to local j interest., to geographical diatinctions, and to the policy and the pride of particular State.. It would sometime, appear that ( it war. or a if it were, a settled purpoaa j to convince toe I conic thai our Lnion ia . nothing bul a uruble of d.lTerenl and ..mmm lnt IfthlPll must lffll. ......-.... ( be a! 1 returned lo their original atate of " f g , separate existence; ss if. therefore, it j was of no great value w luie it snow. J last. out affection; a theatre lor the angry : contest, of local feelings, local objects, 'and local jealousies? Uen while it con - , unues io exwi, in name, umay, uy mcse means, become nothing but the mere mrm ; r - . :. .! l . .1.11 ( oi a oniiru iotiinriu. .njr vunumi. and the children 'l those who sit around . . . ... . me. may meet, perhaps, in tin Chamber, in me nen generanon; vui u icnuenne, . . . . a ... Lie taoneLt. let Btel tue ak. now but loo obvious, be not checked, they j the task. I am not, and never have been, will meet as etnnger and alien. They i the advocate of the anti-eocial and un w ill feel no sense of common interest or christian practice of duelling. I he common country: they will cherih no j never, up to this day, fired a pistol. Nor, common object of patriotic love. If the 'until the day I went lo the field, did I same Stsoii langu,;e shall fall (mm iheir jever take any weapon in my hand in the lip, il inav be the chief proof that thry view of a duel. Public opinion i practi- bclong to the ame nation. It vital prin- cij le exhauted and gone, its poer of Oomg got,j terminated, now productive oi.lv ol strife and contention, and no longer sustained by a scne of common interest, the Union itself must i ltunntely fail, dishonored and unlaineiited. The honorable member from Carolina hinisi lf. habitually indulges in charges of usurpation ami oppression agamoi the 1 .fkfcnriintrnl ail I. is rnnnlrv. Ill altiv . doe. he utttr these sentiments, but against laws of Congress, laws passed by large majorities, law .auctioned, for a course of years, by the People. These law. he nrnrl.iinis eri hour, to be but a series of " - - - - - acts of oppression. He speaks of ihcrn as if it were an admitted fact, that ucli is , their true character. I Ins is the language ' which he utters, these the sentiments he i expresses, to the rising generation around ' him. Are they sentiments and language a-, - entire South? Is not this the very essence of local feeling and local regard! I not the acknowledgment ol a wish anil object, to create political strengdi, bv untting political opinions geographical!) ! bile the gentleman thus wishes to unite the entire South, 1 pray to know, sir, if he expect, me lo turn toward the polar star, nnd, acting on the aame principle, to utter a cry of Ualiy! to the whole .North' Heaven forbid! To ihe day nf my death, neither he nor other, shall hear auch a cry from me. Finally, the honorable member de clare, that he shall now march ff, under the banner of State Uighis! March off from whom? March off from whai? We have been contending for great principle. We have been struggling to maintain the liberty and to restore the prosperity of the country; we have made these strug gle here, in the national councils, wuh tlie ol ! flag, the true American flig, the Cagle, and ihe Siar and Stripes, waving over die Clumber in whith we sit, lit novr tells us, ho wen r, ih.l he u.archrs mS ucJer the ata'crighu Lainei! Ml hie go. 1 teojaia. I aaa. Lm. I ever have been, and ever cseaa to be Here, etaading m the platfotoi i-f a general Ceesutatioa a pUifrwai brt4 caoegfc, and firm eaoagh, ta opioid eve ry interest of the hol country-. a till U fiHiad. In'rasted with aame pi ia the administration of dial CoatiiaUo, 1 intend ta art ia ita spirit, aad ia the spi. ril of those who framed it. Yea. .ir. would art a. if our fathers who toraaid it for a, and who bequeathed it to , .ere looking on us aa if 1 could m their venerable form, bending do a la behold a., fiora the abode above. I would act, loo, air, a. if that lung line of posterity acre also sieving as, who eya ia hereafter to scrutinize our coa- duru funding thus, as ia the full gaze of our ancestors, and oar posterity, fastine rrreiteu thia inneritanre irotn tue loimer, to be transmitted t the latter, and fert. ing, thai if 1 am born for any good, ia my day and generation, it ia for the goud of the .hide country, no local policy, or local feeling, no temporary impulse, hsdl induce roe U yield ray foaihold on the Constitution and the Union. I move of, under no banner, not known to ihe whule American Tropic, and to their Constitu tion and laws. Ho, sir, these .all, thti. columns Tram tW firm Wats as sioa aa " I came into public life, air, in the Mr vice of the United Sute. On that broad, altar, my earliest, and all my public tons, have been made. I propose to serve no other master. So far aa depends on any arencr of mine, they ahali continue una I - - .. . i ... ,M r t , icciion; unncu in cvrry uuna; in rrgsta to which the Constitution haa decreed their union; united in war, for Ihe com mon defence, the common renown, and the common glory; and united, compact ed, knit firmly together in peace, for the common prosperity and happiness of our ' aches and our children. MR. GRAVES. Mr. Crave, who was one of the j principals in th late Washington Duel, tnaJe some remark while the Report of the Committee was under discussion in the House, from which we make the follow ing striking extract. Hal. Keg. I should do injustice to myself were I to conclude without saying that I wa not conscious at the lime that I had invad ed the privilege of thi House. I thought 1 waa especially careful to preserve them. '1 find, however, that, being con nected with a duel, either as principal or second, when a member is a principal, technically involves all alike in a breach technically i j of privilege. air, I waa involved in the commencement of thia unfortunate affair innocently. I never coi.ee ired it possible that such consequence w ould have devolv ed on me, whm 1 contented to become I .. . ... ...-.- .l me nearer oi tnai in iaeu noir, omrr- i" i uuuiu ncer r -1 a. . . I -i. 1 j cally the paramount law of the land; tvery J other law, both human and divine, cea- j ses io !ct.oscrvec; jea, wiwrr ami ishes in contact with it. It wa th j paramount law of this nation and th' j House that forced me, under the jenalty i of dishonor, to su' jeel myself to the code j which impelled me unwillingly into this ( tragical slfor. Upon the liraJa of this , nation, ami at me Hour oi tins uuusr, rests the blood with which my ui.furtu nate hands have been stained." 77f Msrlle.k letter from Cincin- ; nati to a gentleman of thi. city, gives in j tdVct the following statement of the cause ; nf the explosion on board the Moselle, j The Ben Franklin steamboat, celebrated ( for apred, had started jul before her. The i Captain of ihe Moselle being anxious to i nass the Fr.niLIin. e.ive orders that 1)0 - ) i ...... p. - , steam should be let off while lying l00 The engineer remonstrated, but in vain. i One if ihem opened the furnace uoors 10 j diminish the heit, at which the cap'am : became very angry and had ihcm closed. j The engineer seeing this, and anlicipatinjf i.a .... a a T. l.i!l menl was verified by the aaful catastro- j phe. The engineer, who wa mntally j wnundtd. is said to have made this suit 1 mcr.t j'ist before his death. VouUon. j SKSXS OF THC TIMGS. I The l'..sengcr on boardof thteeStCim Boats, in company lately, on the Mi'S- it ; sippi, amused themsijv. by voting fur s rresnient o the United Mate wno. t produced the follow ing results: I 'tile of the Strainer Tranont. Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, Win. Henry Harrison, Martin Van Buren. 19 5 8 11 35 2 1 4 IS Vote on Steamer Tempest. Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, Win Henry Harrison, Marrin Van Huren, Vote on Simmer Swiss Boy Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, Wm. Henry Harrison, Martin Van Huieii. ,1g;;regale vole for each Henry CUy, Daniel Webster, Wm. Henry Harrison, 11 1 4 70 18 10 2i ll'l M.iriiu Van lluren, For li nik of the United State, For .Siib-Tie aurv Hill.