oa. th.:, if" rl,e l!aKa itw pmai.
Iitr I a 'ready aboUsLai arsd atierly
raJteaud.
tr. Cit. I affcUratooJ tits Senior la
Wiarif thenptaian wralemeruia -
e4 and expeeteed.
Mr. Softit. 1 esrtnly Ail Ml.
Mr. Cut. 8Muts u ny. ti fVn
U Sna tor contend, foe that Ltrb is
ej iivaleat la the tMa-halitio af slavery
by the Mexicaa Iw iht l! tight to
arry slat as iaio the ceded Territories
m restored by virtue of the romtitaitoa
f tba United 3iaes.
Mr. Bona. Th.t m it. '
Mr. Cut. Th!. then.ie whatth Se
nator eooteuded f r. ' Very well, ihea.
If, by the Confutation t th United
Siatet, ihera U tight, on th? part f eve-
3r slaveholder tit this eoantry, la carry
trt ito die reded Territories, (wLU h
I certainly da ml btfovt or admit.) what
wort doe the 8emut want? He talks
bast th itattfqva. The eiaTu fta ie
precisely what should supple hira la
- want. Ba, aoptradded to thai, if that be
rilh him, t th Cctfiiituiioa of th Uni
ted State. And yet he is oat satisfied.
Do h with th cB titutioa to b r
aacted? Can th paramount anthoriiy
b trengthenej by in act of tubovdiirat
po eil Would he recommend the iatro
ttueuoa or th Wilmot proviso tnt the
.bill or a legislative enactment la admit
slave, because the plaa of th committee
is silent upon that subject? The Senator
is not tanned with this compromise. Will
be tell a now, ia ea many words, what
he would put into aa act of Congresa to
satisfy himself oS th eubjeetof slavery?
I should be extremely happy to hear it.
. Mr. Socli. I am ready to answer the
honorable gentleman at once. I will be
satisfied with this section of th bill if th
amendment proposed bv th Senator frota
Mississippi prevsif. That i all I want.
I am willing la abid by that section, pro
vided th amendment proposed by the.
Senator from Mississippi, and which I ,
ha this morning sustained, be adopted.
I will also be satisfied with other portion
of th bill, if reasonable amendments shall
be made j,
Mr. Ciat. 1 am happy to find that
there is torn possibility that the Senator
msy yet vote with vs. Perhaps I alioohi
bare been lese earnest if I had not dee
paired of ever obtaining hi vote. I real
ly (bought that, from the course of his ar
gument, and from the manner hi which
he treated every proposition contained ia
the report, he wis a gone esse ; that lie
waa bnpelesi; that nothing could reconcile
"him to any scheme that th committee
could propos. 1 regret, however, to per
ceive ihatlhe Senator, in announcing what
would satisfy him. restricts himself to (Ai
Mection. Bui, now, should like to know
what other law the Senator want upon
th subject of slavery than th paramount
law of the Uonstuuiion or th united
States? .
Mr. Sotru. Protection.
Mr. Clay. The paramoant law of th
constitution a flora that protection.
, Mr. So.tx. I think it doee not afford
that protection.
Mr. Ctar. Will the Senator be satisfi
ed with sinking out the clause?
Mr.Socif. I will be satisfied with the
clause, provided it be modified at propos
ed by my friend from Mississippi.
Mr. Ciat. Bat that amendment the
nator knows I cannot agree to, because it!
srsumes a fact the existence of which 1
deny It assnmes the fact that slaves aie
there. 1 maintain that there are none
there, except here and there a body set
vsnt that has been carried there by those
who are sojourning or travelling thiough
the country;
If the Senator will be satisfied with
striking out the clause, I will vote to strike
it out, because I voted against pntting it
in. Or 1 would ronsent to its being to
modified at to declare that the Territorial
Legislature shall neither admit nor exrltide
t!avery which wilt leave it open to police
regulations. If the Senator will be satis
fied with that, I am content. But, if the
Senator desires by any indirect means,
by any clause which goes beyond itt pro
fsed object, by any implication which
can result from that clause, to assert eith
er that slavery exists now in that country,
or that it is lawful to carry U there under
tli constitution of the United States, I for
one, cannot agree to it. If the Senator
will agiee lo the modification of the clause.
tit as to declare that the Territorial legis
lature shall pass no lawt either to admit
or exclude slavery
Mr. WeBSTia Respecting the estab
lishment or exclusion of slavery.
V Mr, CtAt- CertaWily. If the Senator
will agree to modify the clause so a to
declare that the Territorial Legislature
shall pass no laws respecting the est&b
tishment of exclusion of slavery, I will go
for it with pleaitue.
Mr. Soulk. I wih not lo misnndir
Blind the honorable Senator, but if I under
stood his argument, it seems lo imply that
the amendment proposed bv "the honors
ble Senator from Mississippi assumes the
existence of slavery there. I cannot con
our with him in that. The amendment
assumes that slaves may be there, hut it
Oertatnly will not Carry them there ifihev
be not already there. And if any right
exists under the state of things which that
asserts. I csnnot conceive what serious ob
jections pan be entertained on the part of
the honorable Senator, to the amendment
pioposed by the Senator from Mississip
pi. It only protects whatever right may
exist thete. It does not give any right.
It only seeks to protect such rights at, 1
a .a . . . . . a a . -. .
tinner me constitution oi the United
States, may now or hereafter exist. For
these reasons I shall vote f.r the amend
ment. I beg the pardon of the honorable
' enttor for interrupting him.
Mr. Cut. Weil, sir, if the hooorsble
gsnator Viil bjatwfid whliatrtls
s-ftfafnuu. w I. Hr wj;miJ. a&J
iruifh I under. roaJ il.t oihet d.y ,s
tUketacy i bmi grcdecnea on 0
of the a
sound a en I declaring
ithai ' Lf itUwrt cf the Tenisorke
hII Bfiiltf Ub!Uh not exclude slavery
' - -
I ata c outfit. Tcta it will Jcv opt a
ait tHe qimuoot of r'tfU to be tettlev
anJer th ctwmiuttiua J t!. riui
8 late, and U tloM eaatssrs U poJir
Mhicb art slated fa be deirli. liul I frelmf tj eiepenaa aed rxnie-
ra&uut f ftt io n amenJtr.ent winch, ia oxkI. with a heated pma, with hated
ftoial of tart. avtsei that stawy baa aa fnrtie. with beaieJ leetorert. hh beat
eaistenr thr at ihi tiae, and awome eJ raea, how yoa expert t.eieaftrf la
ia poist of ta w thai. eaJer th em-uitt- coins bark to this thetrofuiA Jeoa
I mo of ilw UaitrJ SJutee. tbet is a rigU lemion eIta and eoapoaed, to aettl dif
to rarry s!ares there. . f cannot vote (at Crutiies whk-h sit months of earned sad
riihef propori.iun. 1 repeat that I to snxious liber hare col enb!ed jou lo ad
ready to vme to suik oatth ilause, to jusif
reVihs dt class, r to modify ih clan , It is $tli thai no'hinjj has bee a doo
ia th way tht I hus sufesicd, hich fn the 8oath ia lherstabliibmeBt of these
wi!l accoiepfish ail ih Ejects sooght for Tern tonal Corernmenta j BAtfuof ia this
on th other aid of lb Louie, if I nnJr- roeas bra of coroprAreise. W hat, sir f I
stand them. ther nothing don for the South whra
Now, Mr. Prtf KJent, 1 as itnl foine;.- theie is a total ahaear of all Conrresstoa-
al.this ilia of th osssioa, and at Ui.s
stsea of tit rmtfrrts of iltts measure, to
dirus th qnestfaa of th validity f Ui
bs Af Meaieo. Th questioa whether
tit apioions rxpressrd by id and by 6lh
. . .
frs. or lls onrvMit onef. o rifnu run
only be decided try the Supreme Court of
the Carted State, vpoa. a proper ease
broii lit before that tribunal. We estab
lish goveinmenta there and conn there.
from whtth courts appeal may be taken,
according to the express provision! of tht
bill, to the Sapretne Court cf the United
Slates. A question as to whether or not
the Mexican law prtvaila in these Terri
tories, of whether the coniittuiion admits
lares to be talen there, raa only be dceid
ed by that tribunal. - '
Mr. President, I will not ssy any (hfng
more with respect to the able, ingenious.
and eloquent argument of the Senator from
fjoififiana i but I will proceed to the otn
er subjects whirh I propo fa dirross.
I ata not one of those who. either at the
commencement of th session or at any
time dtfring its ptogres. have believed
that there was any present aetnat danger
to the existence of the Union. Hut I am
on of those who believe that, if this agi
tation is continued for one or two year
longer, no man can foresee the dreadful
consequences. A iiusolotion or the Un
ion, the greatest of all calamities in my
opinion which can brfull this country,
may not in frttt takt plare ( but ant t
that la a disrolutinn of those fraternal and
kindred lies that bind us together at one
free, christian, and commercial people.
In my opinion, the body politic cannot be
preserved unles this sgitation. this dis
traction, this exasperation, which is going
on between the two sections of the coun
try, ahull cease. Unless It tin cease, I
am afraid that this Union, for all the high
and noble purposes for which our fathers
formed it, will not be presetted.
Mr. President, 1 will go so far x to
venture to express this opinion, that un
less ihTf measure of compromise, not the
exact words of the bill for the commit
tee, I am aure. will agree to any amend
ments or modifications, whirh will better
the measure but unless some measure of!
this ki'td pass, I hird the prediction
thai nothing will be done for California,
nothintf will be done for the Territories,
nothing upon the fugitive slave bill, notn
. . - m ....
Se-ling upon the bill which interdict slavery
in this District, " Unless some such mea
sure prevail, instead of he.ding arid clos
ing the wounds of the Country, instead of
atopping tht effusion of blood, it will flow
in still greater quantities, with stilt grea
ter dinger to the republic. Add I repeat.
that in my opinion the measure upon J
yonr table, with such amendments at jt'
mar rcKciaa. ur anma tantamount mea.'
ture, must pass, or nothing passea, upon ,
all the subjects to which the report re
fers,
Lei ui look at the sttl .ject. Jf you do
not past this measure, there it a poaaihili-
ty, tome gentlemen will say a high pro
bability, that the Calif irnii bill will not
pass. I have no doubt myself but that
there are large majorities in both Houses
of Congress in favor of the admission of
California into ihe Union; but from causes
upon which I shall not dwell, and which
are adierted to by me not with pleasure,
but with p-iin, I un afraid that thai bill
never will puss the two Houses as a mea
sure by itself, What, then, will be Ihe
condition of nheeoiiniry? Let its sup
pose that Congress does nothing ; let ut
suppose that it fails to furnish a remedy
for any one of the evils which now afflict
the country. Suppose we separate and
go home under those mutual feeling
of dissatisfaction and discontent which
will arise out of the failure of Congress to
adjast thete questions. I will say noth
ing of the reproach and opprobrium that
would be brought upon ut by all christen
dom. I will say nothing of those who
are looking upon us with anxious solid
tnde, under the hope that we will fulfil
all the expectations and fulfil the high det
tiniet which appertain to'one among the
greatest or all countries. I willsav noih
ing of that large ponton of mankind who
aregsxing with intense anxiety upon this
great experiment in behalf of man capa
city for self government and man' free
dom. I will aay nothing of all this. Sup
pose, then, that after the lapse of six or
seven months, during which we were
vainly endeavoring to reconcile the dis
tracted and divided parts of the Country,
we go home full of the feelings of rate
and animosity, one section against anoth
er. In such a state of feeling can the re
public long continue? !et us suppose,
however, that you reject this bill and pas
the California bill, and go home in thai
ate of things; what will not the South
say? What reproaches will it not lavel at
the North onon thia sithjeet? They will
ay to the North, " You got all yo want-
;h you got tht tftibetiiatt fortlit Wilmot
proviso; yc ta got a els stitfi
more no tent, tcurb more e5etrinte ihia
m si Je that; yon hse gel he mterJattioa ef sla
eclariog very lata the etasuttjo of i-lifarot
very
yoa fcate got all yoa wanted far U e pre-
ret, sad hs refused ry ihirg; y
. a 'm-s at af
aae setxsu epoa t-eiuortue, ana kiw
ler. from tioe to time, yea mean to spprw
"rrial lh Me of or seqakisl&as 10
yoor axrlsti bese&t. la that siat f
al aeiioa oa tha delicat subject of stare-
ry when I offerees rera-ins pasif.
neither adopting th Wilioot proviso; oa
tht oa haml, eer ailherizirg th intra
daelioa of slavery oa th other; whea ere-
t ..,. . .- a nti...
tr wmr is leu i rnieuu uuor nna
were the South complaining of all alotigf
The Wilmot provisoa proviso, which
n it be Fastened apoa this measure, as
Irnal It ma il Vm ai!l rM thm mull. I
apprehend,
Soutliern
their aote
ffita Aaaaaatai Vm Ma alaak A?iAaal StSAS
wrmvv ituin ificii wiit'iavj i
t i tb. K.M. -fb- hill is .i.
il..., :. i .1,. ...k;..: f
ivnisj ii iiiii-sii.ii vp'U aiiJ tu(j.a vii
slaverr. The bill admits that if slavery
is the're. there it remaint. Tlie bill ad-1
miii ib.t IfaTatar ia not there, there it is
not - I he bill is- neither Sonthern nor
Northern. It is equal) it ia fair: it i a
compromise, which any man, whether at
the North or the S 'uili. who ia deairmi
o healing the wounds of his country, may
accept w iihout dishonor or disgrace, and
go home with the smiles whirh the learn
. . . . ' j
ed Senator regretted he could not carry
. Of th dimcuity Ol Blessing omvrm-oi in-ST.niir, iiioiui -
rentlemen. Tlieir rreat eflbrt, ne. not one wounuoniy, amen oeing . g.u
aim ha. been for teveral year ' healed alone would exa.perate and aggra- Uut what tort of a government doet
wiih him lo Louisiana. Ther met so!'n or non-intervention in regard lo sla-
home and eay that thest ratt Tenitoriet
are lell open, if slavery exists mere,
there it it.
li it noes not exist tnere.it is
Neither the North nor the
not - there.
Sooth hat triumphed; there is perfect re
ciprocity. The Union only hat tri
umphed. The South has not triumph
ed by attempting to introduce alavery.
which she would not do if she could.
because the maintains (although it is
not my own individual opinion) that
Congress hat no right 10 legislate oa the
one hand for itt introduction, or on tht
other for itt exclusion. Nor has the
Norih.been victorious. She may, indeed.
and probably ill, find her wishes ulti-
mately consummated by the exclusion of.
slavery from our territorial acquisitions t !
but if the does, that ought not lo beanoc-t
cation of complaint with the South, be
cause it will be the result of inevitable
rausee. The bill hat left the field open
for both, to be occupied by slavery, if the
people, when ihey are forming States,
snaii so ueciae; or hi oe eacmsivciy uu-,
voted to freedom, if, at it probable, they
-I. -II 1
shall so determine.
Now let me call the attention of the Se'
nate to a very painful duty, which I am
constrained to perform, and which 1 shall .
perform let it subject me lo what misinler-1
pretation it may, here or elsewhere. I
mean the duty of contrasting the plan pro
posed try the Executive ol the United
Statee with the plan proposed by the com
mittee of thirteen. If the Executive has
a friend (1 do not mean exactly that, be
cause I believe and wish myself to be
friend of the Executive, feeliner most ar
a
snx
J"'t to co-operale with him) but if there
he a friend of ihe Executive who sunoons'
his measure lo the exdution of that of
we committee, will he stand tip here, and;
meet ua lace lo lace upon the qucttion or
tuperiniitv of the one measure to the oth-
erl Let ut here, and not in the columns - Wh, have our righu. which are 'certainly ' TxJ u"'1"8 ?" P80
of newspapers, have a fur, full, and man- indiapuul.le, been so Ion? withheld! Why have . .exico towards Texas, denoun
ly interrhango of argument and opinion.' we been compelled to live under a military do- fS8"' denying her authority, contiaven
1 shall be ready to bear my htitnMe part mination, so repugnant to freemen, and so op- ing the existence of hei laws, and ready.
in such a mental contest. Allow roe to
premise bv assumin?. in' the fiist place.
that every friend of ht. country must be
.
anxious that all our difficulties be aettted;
. II 1 1 . . I ,
and lhat we should once more Testore
concord and harmnnv lo this country.
Now, what is tho plan of the Presi-
dent? I v
manner which cannot be misunderstood.
Mas law Assa, s aa easraiii rtlat tiia lean f ti sAaa
i five wounds one, two, three,'
e bleeding and threatening ihe
four, five
well being, if not the existence of the bo-
dv poliuc. What is the plan of the Pre -
.idem! I it to heal all these wound. ?
No such thing. It is only to heal one tf
the five, and to leave the other four lo'
li i - i i .i
meeu mi'rc prniusriy uian ever, oy me
sole admission of California, even if it
should pioduce death itself. 1 I havetaid
lhat five wound, are open and bleeding.
NVhat a-e theyf Ftrsi, titers it Califor-
nia; there are the Territories second; there
ia Ihe question of ihe boundary of Tex'
the third ; ibere is tht
the fourth ; and there
tba alua Iraila. in lli.
bia fifth. The President, instead of pro-
.... - - ... ...v viwivi wi win ii ui-
posing a plan comprehending all the dis -
eaeee or the countiy, looks only at one. Mr. Cut. Mr. President, with regard ay . y 6roaP,nS comparing, ami con
His recommendation does not embrare,! to Utah there is no government whatever lrlwlr ,ne features of the respective
and he says nothing about the fugitive! nnlest it is such as necessity has prompt- Pn of 1,18 Executive and the Commit
slave bill or the District bill j but he ie-' ed the Mormons to institute and when wnic.h ,na11 be B,aJ if lhe Keportcrs
commends that the other two subjects, of, yon come to New Mexico whil rovern- Publih in parrallel columns ;
i ernionai uovernment ami i exas noun-
dary, remain and be left untouched to eure
themselves by some law of nature, by th
vitmedkatrix nafurst, orjtome self reme
dy in the. success of which I cannot per
ceive any ground of th'e least confidence.
I have teen with profound surprise and
regret, the persistanee for eo 1 ant pain
fully compelled to regard the facta around
n of.tbe Chief Magittraia of the eouii'
try ia b: oa petulitt t4a. ! i1k
itiit, ia a ; ifil ui roatpiomiae, tl Pff i
iSrtcegril to or.ite with ts. II rerora
raeads th sdaniJa of CaiLfftraia. W
go with bin as far he f oet, acd we oak
it admitc8 root pose a part of a gtntral
p?aa of seuietBCBt and eoipw W, whkh
we propoM to th onsidratioa of the
Cenate. la ll epirh of tomproaiae,
which, I tniit, docs, aod wbirb I laow
ought to, aaiaate both cads of Prnwjl
vaaia aveaae.'wc bad a right to soppoee,
whea the comtBittf anaouaced ia its re
port thKt U was tatiafied with bis recom
rerr.Jauon, so far as it want, bat that it
did not go, ia oar respectful jutfg meat, far
enough, and that w therefore offered oar
measure to close op the foar remaining
ouDUt I think, that ia a spirit of pesre
tJlUM IVIIlVIUf SWIJU lira IUIS.HM 'SMW s
i - v:..k MMs4,t .s.;rr,wfsa
as.f A---.) can! it tmtlfaswl -n
my e:a--jrvii.iMt we tan a i'j;ui aunua
the difiVient departmenu f the Govern-
meat, the President, ertertaining that con-
atitoiional deference to the wisdom of
Congrest which ht bat profeised, and ab -
euiumg. at he has declared be would ah -
ttaia. from any interferenc. with it free ' raember ol tan giononi union, pd.
delibentiont, ought, wiUioutanydftsattt-.bat na population in sufficient nuii.bert
faction, to permit as fa consider what ia morally eapable of aclf-gorernwsent ; uor
best for our eoremott country. ! will go! ill she have for many year to come
a little fimher hi this romparison, which . -th a population a will make it proper
1 raske most painfully. A fter the bser-' to dffih hei as a State. A ftd yet the plan
Kirh 1 ,MrfieJ ta the Sen.ts'cf the President it to leave this military
I week ago, I did hope and trust there
ouw nave oven a reciprocation irora ine,
- r 1 1 '
- wi
but ta heal them all. 1 did heme that w
should have had soma siirnirieation. in
- e -
ome form or other, of the Executive eon.
irntment and satisfaction with the entire
flan of adjustment. But. instead of con-
! . t i .1 . '
runrnc. wiiti uw roinrniiiee vn ins Dan
-
of the Executive, we have an authentic aa-'
aimnea nfhia a,lhwr.. !...;.. A
..:-.. t
I-et us look at the condition of these
Territories, and I shall endeavor to do
what has not been done with sufficient
precision, to discriminate between non-ac
ery, and non-action at it respects the go-
vwmiicni oi mo pcopie, wno oy me uis
pensations of Providence, and the course
ol events, have come to oor hands in be
taken care of. To refi'ain from extendine. j
!. . I ff. . t I
order, and protection, is widely different
i- j . .
from silence or non-inteivention in regard
to African Slavery.'
The recommendation of the Preiident,!
at I have already aaid. proposed the sim
ple introduction of California as a Slate
into the Union a meaeure which, landing-
by itaclf. hss excited the strongest
symptoms of disaaifactioii in the South
ern porliona of the confederacy. The
recommendation proposes to leave all else
untouched and unprovided for. In such
n abandonment, what will be the condi
lion or thicga? The first approximate,
Territory to California it Utah, and in t
what condition it thai left bv the Presi-1
dent'e message? Without anr eovern-!
ment at all. Without even the blessing!
aa yiu may tiioofb io can ii, oi
a military government. Thrre it no go-1
varnmanl lhara nnt.a. ..!. ik. I
i,,"r ncir, unicra sum aa mo ncces-1
pihc, wi me vapo
wont to erect
common parent
r and its authority
no adequate government.
Then, next come to New Mexico, and
in what condition doet the President's
message leave her? With a military go
vernment ; a militnrv rovernment which.
administered at it is proposed to be. Is no
government. While upon thii
the snhject, let me eall your attention
wbl has been'taid by the Delega
that Territnrv. in a feelinrr address
be has recently published lo. the people
of New Mexico.
Mr. Undsrwood, at the requesi of Mr.
Clar. read iba f..l!nwin. TtMf.i.. '
f!01 wknowletlged spirit of and founda-
T"lT;Cl,:Z, eond
silt lc as. La ua neMiiir imnrnvsvi sav na iaana a &sr
wIaiM.. BtM tmTh-XZ tiZ
.. . '
ually getting worse. Why has 'this Government
long neglected thins too that orotectian a.
! Sin Indian depredation which was se often
Prom'w. brw snd since the treaty ees-
forward to ss th. beginning cf your prMrrilv
- J . ' . . .
and improvement, has had its openlni; with thoi
years of depredation, rniserable ruwule, md mili-
UrJ depotirn.
! ' " u u'?'eM.,fir 108 ? umM T80
it
came into the Union, fand ..n,t., k; iJl
your ancestors have lived for two centuries.)
Wh.i V i .... '
--- ujne you oui tne com-
'' of iroops in New Mexico! Dae.be
!r'
; holds hUfficeby a iolio'n"! ft, S
ry officer during his will snd plea.Ure! Has he
not indeed awumed to order the courts whom to
brins to trial, and in every way prescribe their
Tonr lemtnr .ran thai l lt.j
Is it not a virtus! abandonment r tt,.
,tnentr
meni nave you f A military government
a a . .
oy a lieutenant colonel of the army 1 A
lieutenant colonel, a mere subordinate of
we armv or 1 bo ITn ! nl.l .u.
, ,,, ,,,c
governmental power there, in a time of
'i-h. i rur iniitru ui uirinun zmr me aiiumrv. wi .v,
,.....m... j'cav. oianu up, wnig WHO propoae. tna sdmiasion
can stand up. Democrat who can, and;ofuIif0M" a8uu.j
aetena tne ettablrshment of a military go-
vernment in tfrfs free and cloriona R-r,K. !
v! wi f ruiouuu pewa : wr, w i
ld Jadtf a'.ta tf aaditrUf f tie Ut
Pretlif ct ta ila v .t n time c t my, ana it
was east at a reproach agatMt liiai. - E
here, ia a tiin of jroXtnisd pare. It U
proposed, ty tU bighcat aatUorify. that
ihia goveraBent sad by what auihoritj
it rAimsoed since the rxace eeastfd 1
kaew aet-Mhoald be cootioced indefi
aitcly. till New Mexico ia piepared to
eomeaa a Sut into the Utaon. ind
whea will that bef Tlirre are bow about
tea thousand people' there, enatposed cf
Americans. Posnisnts, and Mexicans;
and aboot SO.000 or M.OCO IodiaB,crviJ
ixd, eneiriiixr d, bIf-cilixed. and bar
bare people 1 and whea will they t
ready to come ia a a Sute Sir. 1 ssy
it ander a full sense of the responsibility
of my position, that if to-morrow, with
such a population, and soch a constitotioa
j . . m a
1 enrh m ncnrJiAtioB mirhf fnl.e. u.et
----- .
to come here for adm wioa at a butc,
I for one would not vote for iu It woW
be ridicuIous.il wouta oeiareicai.ii wmiw
1 bring into contempt tht grave natter m
'forming mmmonweahha as sotfrr;ja
'government ander this lieutenant colonel
- '!'--- -"s
.. .-IttA I ..LI.... tk.t lrv ti
. . . . . . . , ,
administer m his eubjectt? Why, I snp-
tete. one of the greatest and first dutiet
i . .
of government it to give prowe ioa lo the
people, to give defence to the Terntory
Mrlt he governs, and to repel tnraston
um w waivuimis a--
. .
f.Aswa l a tVn tUsa .f tSsa siMitttr A ml tin saw
i" rnmtary commanoer, acting u
! it it Said Onder the tUtllOrttT of the SeC-
lr.lr.rvnf War kbavA uimn tlin firal -n.
rproach pf an invasion? Wh'de commie-
'"'oners are sent there at pioneers in the
ork of bringing all that part of New Mex-
ira on this tide -of the Kio del Norte on- California alone, wia cesatoaandcompromiat,
der the authority of Texas at the lerrio-. eotf,nJwil:h wbeptbeie m u ganeraJ y
r f T whatiWs thM mititirr cn-,""1 lk'hHjot til wearoce, if not aaliaf.
ry or i exas, wltat tioet tnrs mttitaiy go-. .j,,,,,, ,hc wa-tba and the wUs
vernor do, or propose to d, to protect cot prorba to U tbara-'couooy will rniot aixs
those people and repel Invasion, and to maining teiriiorj htIt'mor tba tlMtn of oa
protect the domain ? He saye he means rJabr'rty.rrtm.eJ aaeatie peaee, coucod.
lo be neutral, and has instructions from
h.ul.aiiirl.M ia la aanli.l in ll.il nnl,il
i... .I.. i. .rQ.,... r. w
between the people of Santa Fe or New ZZ'
Mexico and Texat! The governor of lwi greater bogtha than
this people, who are oposed to the jutit-' has bssa yst marufaat
dTstion of Texas, sits he meant to take ed.
no part with tho-e whom he governs, but
to leave ihem to fight it ought aa well at
they can with the power of Texae. What
American can tay thai, under the circuin
stances, this course it justifiable: and
what will become of the tarred ohliga-
tionaof the treaty of Hidalgo? Of all the
honorable distinction! which characterize
man in his social and aggregate, or hit
tnilivtdual character, that or good raith. or.
honorable fulfilment or obligationa.'
nd ihe observance of contracts in private
'f. nd of treatlea in public life, is one;
wfich commends itself most to be appro-;
wimi ........-. wB
provision in this treaty tlaring ua
in lb a fai. raniiirina m In itia
.' "4u,"" u rairnu mv
draw from the fu.fi.ment of our obligation..
and leave hi. peop to them.el.et. lo'
work out their own happinese and salva
tion in such way aa they can 1
In what circumstances will this couit-
try be if Congress adjournt without a let-
Mexico he east ol the Kio del None in
their conflict with I exas ? , Sir, I need
; r,,n,",u y i wnai every oouy Knows
i of the settled dislike, the insuperable an-
if they had the power to do it, to resist her
claim of jurisdiction to the last exlremitv
.s. ar i
-ve.1 lheX re lo be lo
IA ... I I ... I
iiiritiacivea ; I uej nave PJOl
a eovern-
ment good enough fur them I
Mr. President, that is nol my concep
tion of duly as an American legislator.
My duty telle me to perform what we
have promised to perforin J my duty tells
we to extend In this people in Utah and
New Mexico the benefits of that supreme
authority residing in the city of Mexico
hid ihev had when they constituted a
of l,hc 'ePb,ic nf wWh.
wen ihey came to us, we promisud to
extend to them from Washington, on our
...... rni... : . . .
. " mv conception ol Out,
and I will tmdenake to perform it. if I
ao.-.-,If I eannot do it on account of the
mn " " result of any
0l,, obetacle that may be thrown in the
wav ' pannot accomplish what I deem my
ulJ I li"il acquitted in the sight
fonnmyduty.
j I will close this part of what I have to
' The President's plan!. The Cmmiin-'-u.
.. i wLriaii
P?0 n "justmenu recommends an amica-
mt9ai.ti ".H
ble settlement of all five
.""'Vu 5e
of them.
gnu uivids ths count I
TtaTrS Z'a
1.
That of thi Commit.
Iwprepoeee the ad
mission of California a.
. He PP rjfln-in-
a State. t i'j., ; .
Tbey, alao propoas
venkn as to slavery.
uon-intervcntieu a. f
ilaver. ' ' '
fat l I ) s- TV- y ffa lpt-
i.L c jd-uttoevisa te , i ifivrntt.ti
tLssti.iartf i!4LiiSiwt rr
ritoni G-ffcEBt $wrait4 k fj i1'
tbs Uiui sa tie U- (ioesj y. mtMY":
U I!kL!f hA g!-d miH4hni
ra ttM-s mhom we aw teJiissisvmlCwt-y
. " . .. i .
avruoa tt tb cavil a--4
iKarit- e. ssy Ctvrl,Wa a ttu muhJl
Comuaacet lfa-vetssa. mhie i?
UA witboot any fwem-jdaws it 3 , 7
ssret 4 sB. but that aakods of t-rti,
arttch lbs Mot-awe r.T ,tb bote exit rj roc
main ata smt kaae K. twsaw Sew M.,,,...
tar fwrnHt f si
bruit nant ek(ieL
Hia pUa CmIs to sa
.Tbaif'.
Pcoaaasari.
aUwa am Umita of jiw TJnwot cf kot,-A.
Mtak tt of tba Km -eUoa, aj, ht.
CraaJe, aa4 woaid Mad, a civit aw
poat the prople who ia-;Teaaa tttnaj.
uuvn u uiu war, f
mJv t-rastefisd. with
Tcias.
lis atofKssea ma sd-
Tbsy eftae
juatmeat of tb fag ius laatota, wbka will saaka
auujTCT. iio rectmry ef fufitta--
JmofS taVrtoal, H
ths sasas bme, k W W.
Uad, wiit bs tsay
, .sstiafartofyutbsXorta.
US arecoaas BO aM ThT Broooaa t u.
raj(arat of lbs sahjert tcitfrt the alara traJsui
of slavery or tba aWva tha Dtatrkl, tad to lest
trads ia the District of slavery tbsrt aadiatunV
Cetambia. .ad.
Thus, of the 2e sub- They propoas' ta ad
jects c! diatarbanca and juat sH Ca of then aa a
agitation to wit, Caljkbaats whirh, it isesttfi.
brnia, TerritoiUl Goa-jdrotly b!ianl, ia i
erninents, the bouary fair, and bonorabla, tnJ
quettion vitaTsiss, tbcjwttt be satkaetortotbs
fogitits bill, and tba sub- people of the Uaital
ject of sbrery In tbs.SUiss.
Diatrkt
His plan settles batl TUy AfiVr tht sLm
-.aii ma wii wseva v unasv
? M ). . i . i . . .
La. ik. tU. W-a, k .t 1.
m "nuJ". w ii-.wj, sou inoquuitj.
"Blf . -T?!' "
PuW,eBUnd,fef
twa-Vi. elan.
Undsr their plas. ,B
p,rty, gushed with sue
irueslMM bain a- aattlul
ceaaia lbs admission efia a spirit of mutual eon
Da ensgTMea ay ea- end rewciuatua.
ISUling COOCaIOT)
wnaisw.
a, a
Whilst the President plan it confinej
to a tingle measure, leaving the Govern
'meat of Utah and Mexico unprovided
' for, and the boundarr between Texas and
( New Mexico unsettled, another, and one
ofthemottinitaiingquesiions.it left by
' him, without any ncommendaiinn or any
; proviion, to harass and exasperate the
country.
He fails 1,1 recommend ane oha for ih.
set,iemen( cf ,he imponatit and wtiou.
aubject of fugitive slave. He nroDoses
nftllannr.-tlBm-n, e
.jon, whicI arise out of this subject. I
repeat, let him who Can Stand nn
' nere and tell the courttry and aaiUfv k !
: . u IHSIV flit
own conscience when the whole
and ,5 72
a, theie n "nl. L. 1 .1'
fate this afflicted people-let any man
who can, not m the public prest, but in
the Senate of the United States, stand up
gtau to near that man. Ar M n...:.
a s . -
denl, I witdi I had the mental power com
mensurate with my fervent wishet fortlit
adjustment of these unhappy question",
commensurate lo urge npon you and up
on the country forbearance, conciliation,
the surrender of extreme opinions, the a
vonlance of attempting iinpossibiliiie..
Sir, I know there ia a floating idea in
the Southern mind,sucli as we have heard
berore, of the necessity of an equilibrium
of poer between the two sections of the
Union of a balancing authority. How.
ever desirable such a atata of political ar
rangement might be, we all know it ia
utterly impracticable. We all know that
Ihe rapid growth and unparalleled pro.
grcss of the Northern portion or thiacouit
try m such that it is impossible for the
South to keep pace with it ; and unless the
order of all republic shall be reveised.and
the majority shall be governed by the
minority, tha equilibrium ia unattainable.
Uut, sir, because there is not. ami cannot
be, and in tl, nature of things it it'im
poMibla that there should be, this eqnilU
bnum of power between the two sections
oTihis cniintry, does it there'ore follow
that the Somhem portion is in any dan
ger with respect to that great institution
which txm there, and j rherished wiih
much solicitude? I think not. I be
lieve not. All apprehensions of danger
are rounded on flagrant abuses of power;
and the possibilay f ,ncll tbl wouy
prevent-all investment of power, tine n
hntniiii power j, r,ee fron, ,,je dangprr
abuse. But what are the securities for
the maintenance of Southern righta con-n-cted
with thnt peculiar institution? In
'he first pUce, there ia that tense of truth,
that sense of ju-tice which appertain, to
enlightened man, to, christian man. Iru
the next place, there it the constitution of
the United Ktatet, with Ihe eath which all
take lo abide by that constitution. ; Nx.
there it a necetsity for the conotirrence
or both brattchea of Congress before any
aetor,egisMtipn;inflj3t,ng a wrong upon
that Southern portion of the country.could
la place. Then there it tho veto of
ihe rrcsidrnt of the United Miles, apli"
. . ' a
a."- a
S a a
a
a a
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