i(f?--''ifi--ti'-!-:-: '-n Jl 1 I " I ' I 1 . If. I Hi : H i .11 I : i 1 s 1 1 1 1 ill I U :.; ...J .TK.. 1 IK II Kllnl: lih A7 J- 'vr i.! I ..l...if,i' '' -1 ' 't-"" " ' .-. U.-n ,. . ,t . , THE CONSTITUTION ? AND ! THE ' L A W 8 - T H L Q lr A R n I a N s ,n p n ii n r. i r if n? v Vol. XLI1I. Do my dear youn how almost all th INDIOENOUy'MEDICINAL PLANTS., Messrs. Editors : The season having ar rived for ejecting many valuable indi genous medicinal plants, 1 propose to bring the subject before our Southern people, par licslarly our .planters, with' the hope that they wi'l not allow the time to pass without each one contributing his portion to an ob ject important to the health ol our troops ,Uiir fighting the battles, Of our country. S or is the subject less important to us in a domestic point of view. Our planters now lure it i their power nut only td save mo-iK-v in the purchase of drugs, but also to make the collecting and drying of , vegeta ble medicinal plants a source, oT income. 7 1 will select a few which should no w be col lided. ; t shall avoid all technical and botanical terms., . ?'.',' ... The Butterfly Weed, or Pleurisy Root, U a very common plant in South Carolina wwing in old fields and along the borders of meadows. Its brilliant clusters of bright gcarlet flowers are well known to us. as ap pearing in June and July. It is best coU lected in autumn. The root is the part used, and is an excellent expectorant and dia phoretic. . Puccoon, or. Blood Root, is a common plant throughout the, Confederate States. Gent collected in autumn, but may be col lected at any time. The root is the part ued. It is emetic, expectorant and alter ative. ' Seneka Snake Hoot grows abundantly in the Southern country, it possesses emetic an I cathartic properties is a valuable ex pectorant, and is highly prized in chronic coughs, asthma and croup. It has been employed successfully in iheumatism' and dropsi-y. It Hhould now be collected. The root is the part used. - Strpcntaria Virginia . Snake Root or Small Snake Roott grows abundantly in .South Carolina and throughout the Confed erate States. It i a plant of great value, and the collecting should no longer be neg lected. It is a medicine highly valued by our planters, as an excellent tonic and stimulant., ; ., American Gentian Blue Gentian or Sampson Snake Root ', is one of the purest tunics in the vegetable kingdom. It grows id grassy swamps andon (he edges of roads, and blossoms from September to December. Asa medicine it is little, if at all, interior to the European Ucntim. It excites the appeute, invigorates the powers of diges tion, and is much esteemed as a medicine in djsjpsia. It is well known to-us its ' -vrers are of palish blue and bell-shaped. d is ona of the most beautiful plants tit the Southern country. The root is the pirr.used, and may be collected during the M and winter months. . Canada Snake Root I Hid Ginger. This i-'tnt is found in wood and shady places, " far South as Carolina. It is aromatic, simulant and tonic, and may be well em ployed as a substitute for ginger; all parts M the plant have a grateful aromatic odor, and more powerful in the root, which is ''"e part used. It also possesses diapho retic properties, and is sometimes used by country people as a substitute for'gin K?f. ( It is an admirable adjunct to tonic infusions and decoctions. It should now " colMed. Calamus Sweet 7a. Found through- t Ut Confederate States, in low, wet, auipj pUcfs. It i-i aromatic and a Simulant tonic, and is used with grat ad Mintage in pain or uneasiness in the to Mich or bowels, arising from flatulency, in torpr or debility of the alimentary lal. The root is thi part used. Queen's Delight, r Quern's Root, is a "-'Heine of considerable value in scrofula, '"'atieuus, chronic hepatic affections, and ftotiJary svphilia. It grows abundantly jpihe Darrens, from Virginia to.Florida. ' 'altfitive. The root is th part ued, hhnnUX h collected Ute in the fall of nri wiuter months, ftnk Root Carolina Pink. Grows a Ju"danty throughout the Southern and ""Bill western States. It Is one of our most Powerful enthelmiutics, or worm medicine, ombined with senna it is a medicine of o"eat value. The root is the part used, HILLSBOROUGH, N. i C.V DECEMBER 10, 1862. No. 2173. SfJsjsjnsMSjMSBSMsMsBBsMsM . ' ' " " ' 1 '"" ' 1 m "n- "n , , , , , r , - - - I f " t. . i s'. , and should be collected in the. spring and fall mbnih8.;-?!.(,-Vc !v , . h . V . . 77ie Poke, commonly called tceed, grows abundantly throughout the Confederate States, along fences by the borders of woods, and in newly cleared and unculti Vated fields, It is emetic, slightly narcotic, and occasionally cathartic. It is also al terative, and is highly recommended in rheuiaticaftVxtions and syphilis. Ointment used in itch and other cutaneous diseases. Root: is the.purt used, and should be dug late in autumn or during the winter. Cut in transverse slices and dried. . , y At future time I will give you a der scription of medicinal herbs and the time for collecting. MEDIC US. LITTLE BV LITTLE. ung at i friends ever think is good comes to as r Did you ever see a farmer Dlantinir and sowing ? Down in the moist earth goes the seed, grain by grain, a od little bv little. God sees the farmer at bis work, arid knows full well that he has done what he could; so he kindiy sends the gentle rain, drop by drop ; and not one of these little drops ever forgets its errand the pleasant erraiid up on which the good, God sent it to the earth. " I have found you out.' says the rain drop to the tiny grain of wheat; " though you are dead and in your grave, God has sent me to raise you np." Well, there is nothing impossible with. Him; so when the rain drop. has dune its errand, a spark of life shoots out from the very heart of the tiny grain, which makes its way out of the tomb and stands, a single blade, in jhe warm sunlight. That is nobly done; and if the4 great God pleased, he could make that lit tle blade strong and fruitful in a single mo ment. Does He do this? No; little by little does the stalk wax strong;, and its leaves grow slowly, leaf by leaf." . , . Is it not so with everything that isgood? Should we like another way better?,., m patience would. , ? , i - ' . .It is ohlv the other day I heard a little pirr.aj. "I am tired, tired, tired! Here fi V.' is a whole stocking to knit;titch by stitch , a It will never be cloned ,v . , " uut was not this one knit stitch by stitch?" I asked,' taking a long one from her basket, and holding it up. Yes." Well, this is done." The little girl was counting instead of knitting her stitches. No wonder that she was tired. ' Did rou ever see a mason building a house of .brick? "Poor man !". Impatience would say, "what an undertaking to start from the earth, and go so tar towards the sky, brick by brick !" O no sir. reople can get nearer the sky than that, and upon the same principle too, only we call it step by step. Some little children know that the world his wandered far away from God. He meant. that we should be happy; but mankind have chosen the path of disobedi ence and misery, and so lost their way; I mean the way back to holiness and pence. You know who came to be our way, so that we migni not De forever lost, uut even in this way .we have to go step by step. Child ren should know this, so as not to be dis couraged when they are trying to be good. Indeed this necessity of doing things little by little, step by step, drop by drop need be no discouragement. . Listen now, and see if you do hear a voice saying, Try, try, try ;" who ever saw a patient, persevering person try, and not succeed at last? So then, step by step, which is God's way, must be the best way. , Let us sec that we do every day what we can. Any little boy or girl who, in looking back upon the day gone by, can sav, 1 have done one thing well," may be happy "with'the thought that they have taken one step in the way of wisdom and virtue. Hut remember one thing, dear little friends, the buried grain of wheat would never start into life if God did not send it help; and it is by the same help that it increases day by day. As the little rain-drop God's beautiful messenger descends into its tomb, so in the darkness and death of sin the Holy Spirit comes to us. If He breath ed upon our hearts, we live to do good. Let us obey this Spirit, and all good will be ours at last, though we gain it little by 'jNl Christifi Observer. ' OUK. CONSCRIPTS COMPARED WITH , ' ... THOSE OF EUROPE.' " ' Uecent events have familiarized the peo ple with the drafting. Uwsj of the. United States. It may be a matter of interest to our citizens to compare them with those of loreign governments. , , v .! The regiments of England are generally filled by. recruiting, but if these means fail, recourse is had to;the ballot; and the renuisitft number ift .drawn frnm int'n U. tween seventeen and twenty-five years of age. . The time of service ii' five years, aim in peace tne men can pe called out to exercises , for from three to fifty six days. In time of warthe militia U placed on the same footing with the regular army - n 'fhe ;general;con,scriptiool law of; France embraces all between twenty and fwenty seven year's of age.. Substitutes' can be of fered. The term of service is four or five years, and a fourth part of the recruits are field as a reserve, ; t "In Russia no substitute can be tendered ; oui discharge can be purchased tor a thou sand rubies. Estate'holders and the higher classes enjoy exemption. Under the ban uen all serfs become free; Russia presents almost all the appearance of a vast camp; The laws -of Turkey are, in many re spects, similar to those of France. The ballot brings 25,000 men under the banners, each conscript order being made for a spe ciauustnct. , . t Sardinia requires universal service, from the, twentieth year, the men beinir in two classesihe'orfftnania,for eight' vors, un interruptedly, and the privinziali, for six; Substitutes are allowed. Austria,' with an army of 450,000 men, ot wnom ou.uuo are cavalry, has but little need ot severe drafting regulations. Her Cossacks, when 13,000 conscripts. were de manded in marched 120.000 on V - are liable, from twenty to fifty rt to serve in the field, and to sixty years, in domestic service. , ' ' ' The son of a Count performs military duty alongside of a" tailor's apprentice, in the monarchy of Prussia.' Such is the ef fect of the Landwehr system. The first levy is organized for immediate service, and is drawn from men between thirty-six and twenty-twoyearsof age.' The second levy includes 'those between thirty two rand thirty-nine years.' Ihebtates of the German Confederation have distinct laws. Saxony requires six years' service, with the privilege of substi tution. Nassau, Meckledburg, Shewerin and Oldenburg are the same. The laws of Wertemburg render men under thirty-two years liable to serve. Electoral Hesse al lows substitutes, and requires citizens from'; twenty, to thirty to take up arms. Brunswick requires seven years' service, with two years in the reserve. The conscripts in Sweden are chosen from all those capable of bearing arms be tween twenty and twenty-firs years of age. The classes are five in number. The ballot in Denmark selects those who must serve eight years in the army, includ ing' two years in the reserve. The first l vy includes those under thirty-eight years of age, and the second those under forty five years. Universal conscription is the law of Bel tM. .i it . . i . ...... . ... giuui, me uauoi t useu ami guusuiuies are allowed. The term of service is eight years, of which about one-half is spent on furlough. The war reserve of tho Dutch is in three levies, including all those between twenty five and thirty-five years of age who are capable of bearing arms. the happy spirit that inspires it. f The sourest temper must sweeten in the atmos phere of continuous good humor. As well might fog, and cloud, and vapor, hope to cling to the sun-illumined landscape, as the . blues and moroseness to combat jovial speech, and exhilarating laughter. vBe. f iccnui, aiways. mere is no y pain out win De easier traveled, no load but will lighten, no shadow ou heart or brain but will Jilt sooner iii the presence of a eter- , mined cheerfulness. It mav.at times, seem difficult for the liaDDiest temoered to keeD the countenance of peace and content, but the difficulty will vanish, when we truly,, consider that sullen gloom and passionate f despair do nothing but multiply thorns, and thickent sorrows. Ill comes to us provi dentially as good and is a good, if wa ngouy appnea us lessons; why not then, cheerfully accept the ill, and thus blunt its apparent sting? If we are ill, let us be ' cheered by hopeful visions ef better for tune if death robs us of the dear ones, let 1 us be cheered by the: thought that they are only gone before, to Ihe blissful bowers where we shall all meet to part no more forever. , ' . . i Cultivate cheerfulness, if only for per sonal profit. You will do, and bear every duty and burthen better by being cheerful. . It will be your consoler in solitude, your passport and commendator in society You will be more sought after, more trusted and esteemed for your steady cheerfulness. The bad, the vicious, may be boisterously gay, and vulgarly humorous, but seldom or never truly cheerful. Genuine cheerful ness is ans almost certain index of a happy mind, and a pure good heart. . j. j .-.i- -. .-j- ,i - - Sprculation in Lynxhburo. The lie publican has been informed of a transaction which took place in Lynchburg on Saturday last, which accounts for the extreme high prices that every article of value realizes. A party brought fromhe Valley four bales oL woollen g'ods, each bale containing a thousand yards, which cost him $2 pef yard. It was held by him a( $6 a yard,, but nobody would purchase it at that price. After a time intelligence came from Rich mond that $9 a yard could be had for it ther. One of the speculators here bought a bale of it at $9 a yard, re-sold it to anoth er party for $10, he to a third at $10j, and he resold it to a fourth at til,' and lie to a fifth at SllJ per yard.' All this was done in about two hours, and the last speculator Went off and purchased the remaining three ' bales at $11 per yard from the first party. and immediately resold the whole lot at $12 per yard. Thus the speculators divid ed ainon-r themselves 5 ur GnOO dollars. Pretty sharp practice this in the course of extortion. (WWWWVWtMi A LiottTor a CiiKKKFi'L Kack. There is no greater every dy virtue than cheerful ness. This oualitv in men, is like' sun shine to the day, or gentle, renewing mois ture toparched herbs, ihe light of a cheer ful face diffuses itself, and communidtes Useful to Housekeeper. Recent ex periments in more than one family in this city established the fact that the plant com monly known as" water pepper,' or smart weed," which may now be found' in abun dauce along our ditches, roads, lanes and barnyards, is an effectual and certain de stroyer of the bed bug. A strong decoc tion is made of the herb, and the places in fested with the insect, washed thoroughly with if. The plant may also, with much advantage, be stuffed in Ihe cracks and corners of the room. Elderberry. leaves laid upon the shelves of a safe or cupboard will also drive away roaches and ants, while the common house fly will not venture in smelling distance of them. These simple remedies should be extensively used. Betting is immoral, but how can the man who bets bs any worse than the man who it no better. - it Mat. Ward, who killed a teacher in Ken tucky some years ago for correcting his brother in school, was recently killed in Arkansas, where he last resided. UU farm was guarded by Yankee soldiers,' under whose protection he wa picking his cotton. Tho Confederates attacked the party, and Ward, who was dressed like the Yankees, was mistaken for one of them and killed. i