n in i .1:1 LU
18 PUBLISHED "WEEKLY
AT GREENSBORO, N. 0,
By James W. Albright & Brother.
TFL'Mfi cah invariably ' lvm'"-
On yr U, ' ,-' ,,,r"e 75 0t"
tVAnr riii fi.linK.'" h.H"rUra will re
f, ivH on r.-V ymfiV
jr. V. Sulwribrr receiving their papera
with it criV before their nami'n are reminded
tlmi thrir rut frri( tiuit ha expired, and unices
irn.'t. in two week will he discontinued.
Hut of Advertising.
TrieiVi' .1'fTfi.sfjiif?i(.s jxiyihh in advunre ;
yrarty iirr'afii'. qunrUrly in adianct.
1 qr. (loliii.-x .r l.!) P insertion,.
Katli additional itirertinn,
Six liionlhn,
One vi'iir
co'iuiili t nt iliM'lti'iil,
'.i,fh ii.l liti.m il,
Nil ni'iiitli-,
$ 1.00
.'.0
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10.00
5.00
1 .ro
2.'.00
40.00
10.00
a.oo
.To .00
... co.oo
lo.K
r.0.00
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illlt llltlil l' tllUlt
;,t jiar
fg CC'llt nt tt lt I Il.-Ct t I'Ht
l. ith ii'l'lil i'ti;il,
Six iimnl lix,
Our ji.ir
) ce'iumu lt iitM ili"ii,
K.ifti additional,
Six in' 1 nt lit,
One cur,.
f$" m-m t 1. Noiu i. .'.' I'-
iii aUo rail'.
t0nrl ordfr hit HTt-kn, '. ; MagittrtV
liUlH'rn, lour werkf, H, hi uliin,i e .
Yearly adterli-M-nients climbed .jnurtcrly if
df-ird.
tVOI.itii.ii v iK'tii c, over li vt linw, charged aa
nJvrrtii" ti 1 f 1 1 1 m nod paid for in alvam.
Professional Cards.
Jm, H 1 ni, Tii.. I.'fl in. Ji: ,
L.ttiv li-i:ki.,hii.,;.r. !-' .ll'im.mct.X.C
Jl, A. lill.MI It ' "''" .V.' .
Dllliir.l. ItiiUiu V Oilnu-r,
A TTt ) K N 1 : YS AT I, A V,
d' n ruslmro, A ,f '.
1)i:ACTI(T. hit I.. '.' iit--. (;uilf..r.!..liiiiii4ii.i
lis !' Mn. i'I-"!'. Stiki Yii'ikin. tfurrr,
tinr !.t' t!i f;iiii will i.lwjivr uttni'l tli' r'f.'ulur
l'r..l ',' i' Ki t t( Ki'fkirij.'tuiu, Ahiinun"
j'iiJ?'i 'I uiifi'.
l . t'h, 1:lr
Dr. O. A. U( IMEUTSON,
si' in r.o ii:tim,
Of 1I1II!, X or th Carolina.
()'
, I TT. ," h i- . r i' - ti tin it
iz'ii n' (tii'tiiflii.io. V 1 1
1-1f 1 ti iitr" ri-i.'n'arl v tli ! t
Wtk IM Vt TV lii'.ti'li. mi X rt'nflu'' l
1? ttiki 1:1 v. iit- in f'liiy l Hi!! utnl MilllM.i
uiii! iiiil'Mt:iiilii'i; ti'l inii'i Min'iit in tin
ritiin. !' !' ! iaS'lTit in lii ul'ility t
ii(iit'ii r 1 1 liiinn i 1 li'" wrMiv, in
fiUilik, fXt'-:.' tilik'. ( U"Tiitilit' I ! 1 1 . I'll I'ljttt,
Vu'h at. iti . A r. 11 : On)
Business Cards.
0.
a. Y.ii'i,
J i tlrr in Irv (Soods,
(ii" ! H.it' .'ind ('.!. lioots and Shoes,
ll.iil Wan itinl t n t In , E;irt hen Ware and
Moiii- Waif ; r.iion, l.aul. Flour, Meal;
Cook i m.- ami I'arlor Stni: lion, NaiN,
Whm ait-, and a general assortment. Low
tr Ca-li or I Si rt r. All kindsof ood country
produce wanted, at hi.n Stoic, South E!3i
.Sttcet, tileetKolo, N. i !'. ly
j f. itoiti:iio,
VJ M.ii-if.n in i ' Mid Ica1i-rin
(Jlv'AN' K STONES
. iiaki.oti i c.
I ' '' I i pi. I.ip'iy ftlfcnded to. Shop
ci.itnj . i i.i'i iii.'l N . i t it ( 'ai'.Siii.i Kuilioud.
All v.-ill; ue i. t 'w'.":iiiv Sln.. delivered Mi
the !:... r..... I'l.' ,!: F ( II K(.K. "JO-lv
;ko. ii. ickh:. t'HA. ;. il.t.luTT.
Hi:i:it a co..
1
.n.MMlsSHN MERCHANTS
M
ITholraU Liquor llcalrrs,
No. 1-. R.-ai"ke Synre, N'..it'..lk, Va.
(.n-i. niu.'iit! of f uiiry .i".lii and general
inert liiiti'li-f -i !';. iti il. A Kt.-fk of Jim.. Liiiori.
Wiln-. i ., a!.:-. . .- : l:ii;.l, 1' . .-::le at nasoiiM
r. " :U:0.m
1 iMttntiA iMto'i iii:ies.
J I KO lsON
ri( Ki.iis im) in; ;i.i:ns.
Wli".i'(ile t ri n e r and f " i 1 1 1 1 ii : n Men l,au!.
Libel al advances u.ai'eon rotiimiuieiitx.
Cor. i hurcb and Wide Water Sn., Norfolk, Vh.
Col". I'mlt lllnl I'.otelinill St-., Baltimore, Mil.
r.ir.in
luylor. .lartiii A Co.
w in fi rj tin I Ihnlir In
llitrdwuri'. C'utlcri. Iron. StVel,
llrltlnc Vm Klnpr. Vngou .11 a -lilal,
&.(..
Comer Main Street und Muiket Sipmre,
Norfolk. Va.
A!! (inoii- old a; Nw York I'rieeH. ItLOin
W.a'FABHEB,"
WATCH MAkl lt JKWK.LKR,
(ireelifboro. N. C,
Hit" i ont,,i.tly on band a
splendid ii-cortmeiit of
Ftixhiimttblr tfetct ln.
i 1 1 1 1 i-otne ii!endid Uilfhu
AND CLOCKS.
W'hhh trill be sold
' I I E A I I'o r CASH!
I '.eii,ir M.icbiiifK, Wati bex, Cb k"4 and
,Tee!i . i i iiii i In ai. an I on idiotf notice.
C.ili 01.1.0. to ti e tiid Albri-ht Hotel, Kt
M.ilkef S're. f. lo-ly
ill ruini a iiicotii Las.
J ;;r Main st. Kh.hmoMi. Va.
Mi!i i:'.i."iiir." ! d Viiiie.ile deali r in I'aper,
I-lour ;n'k ainl IVil'".- Wrir'iir. trappinu and
1T 'it .lii" l'.i et -, F.ll ';) e, Twill. IlllltlK Book,
Ink-. Ac
lli.'bert ;:i ivket 'i '. e- paid in Cu-h for Rag.
i : rm
in;iii.
DAt.CKI.KI.W ARTIST.
. Rei ett' illy inform bi ftietnl- and iiMomer
that lie ia.iiiii at lii old tatid, opposite the (.'oil 1 1
lloii-e. and will ("'"'iii'i f r two Month. He will
b".' pleiiK'd to ,av i!n m call on Imii.
I roeifl'oi i. Jan. I i.. T.V0"
A
M.r. A JOIIM,
Sl.KU ;kwi.k AM' DKAI.r.Rs.
Fi'-ii.!. Ni.im rvnu n. 1.Vh Ma' i Street. Rich
mond, Ya.. haw tbeic usual up.p!y of Fresh anil
Waiiiiiite.l ;:irlcn rlw," all kinds of
Field and ( it a Si i . -. C ta . early and la'e.
Onion S. tl-. a-nt a t in li e selection of
FLOWUK M l !-.
We ('ot.fniii:' iv a--i! tlii' oi;i Seeds are Tlit'K
and ItKMAltl.K. to wli'n li we buvo the t ptinionv
ct' l'hnMtt! of citti'mer" in Op. pn- three year.
JV (iutdeti and Flower S.-iU aiw sent by
A I I. alVly and expeditiously to any d'rn-t.c.i-i
. ' ... .
O ,r H....rimii'P i.i i 1 Catalogue W ill ent
f t.. '.-e lil.lre&i
liasket CoV. STRAW-
HF. KKY HOXKS.
52:ltir
O 'I'i:lli:, di.y goods
(ii.- en,., ami .. vi neiali-oi tment of all Good"
keit in tin- Maiket.
lo. a ;ood .'ifsorl luetit of
COOK 1 NO STOVES.
All of which will 1-u sold cheap for C?AII or
it vnri.it. 4'
t i i: l lib 1. 1: .
I On receipt of C rents,
will id tiv n .il ii id.it.- with vour name aWlycut,
with ii k nnl linirh in uiaik'nK all kinds of cloth-
II
rr n titt s-a -n
i lie weens dopo ratriot. j
Established in 1824.
B.
C. PHILLIPS,
TOWN CONSTABLE.
Will rvwlve all papers in hi line, and attend
d atten
50:3ui
promptly to the collection of clainm.
J. HILDESHEIMER,
General Produce Dealer,
West MarLet St., (Xelrtr Old Stand,)
GreenNboro, IV. C.
IIavf.IH;neda PKODIX'E STORE, at tlie
alxve named Stand, and will par tm hiplient
t'ash price for all kind of COl NTIll
l'IKOIt;Ci:,urli as Com, Flour, M. aI,15acon,
iVae, IWiik, Flax-Seed, &c. In fact t-vrytbiii
blotiifiinr to tli'n line of buVniCH.
ltZJ'l'hr ritieim of Town and vicinity, can buy
tb'ir provision at mr t?tor at a vory email jwr
cpiitmp, for CASH. "
4rf::hn J, HILDEBHKIMEH.
C A II I M: T-.tI AKIA U
I and UM)ERTAKIN(;.
' Ifuving in my employ, Mr. TIh Mock, one of
the l.vot workmen in tlientat, I will laruntevall
ord-n in the alove line to (five ratinfoction.
A llrartt and ready-made Vofint alwaya ready.
(VI clialletif couawtition either in work or
j.rnw 29:ly WM. COLLINS.
OHTII-CAHOLI.A
1500K BINDERY
AND
BLANK BOOK MANUFACTORY
Raleigh, N. C.
North Carolina Rej)oi-t and other I-tw Bo'ki
Bound in Superior Law Binding. Mining Nnni
herv Supplied and Odd Numliern taken in Ex
cbaiitte tor Binding: Trial, Exrution, Minute
hii1 Rxcordlng lo ki-t Made to Order,
Order may b left at Patriot A- Tlmr OtI'ot'.
211 JOHN ARMSTRONG.
oroBooiv.
n
C.W.OGBUft!t.
feNSnoRO
"Valentines
BOOK STORE.
At
The. Farmer.
In the ttwrat of thy face t-hnlt thnu eat bread.
CHANGE YOUK SYSTEM OF
FARMING.
I
The system of farming heretofore
followed in this State when slavery
uevailed, will no longei pay expenses;
and it is absolutely necessary to enquire
what changes and improvements can
e introduced in order to make the
cultivation of the land profitable. The
writer of this, who has been a careful
observer of the various systems of ag-
riculture pursued in other countries,
and in different States, with success,
will point out a fewoftho more im-
portant changes that arc required.
1st. fjreatcr variety of erops. The I
range of cultivation is too limited, em- !
Luacing very little more than corn, ;
wheat, cotton and tobacco, and not :
only exhan.tingthe fertility of the soil, !
but exposing the cultivator to ruin ,
wheu these crops fail. Sometimes, as :
in the eastern counties of this State ;
during the last two years, the corn
crop fails, and miserable suffering is '
the consequence just as the almost!
exclusive cultivation of the potatoes
exposed the peasantry of the south and
west of Ireland to the famine of 1857;
whilst at the same time very little suf-
fering was exjericncel in the northern
r v
provinces of the sam5 Island, because Ansicw. our lolks ought to know
there tho farmers had adopted the im- nl1 ab,)l,t tl" M' n:bs- alv rall (1
proved method of cultivation, and fol " w,,si" lltilt lal tatt!' seldom have
lowed the system which science and them, that the cause is supposed to bo
exierieucc dictate, of having a regular le egg of the horse llv." and that
rotation of crops, so that potatoes, they come out in warm weather. The
however productive and profitable, remedy is to keep in good llesh.
could only occupy, at the most, one- j j,.. (om,uih. once went to a gua
tenth part of their cultivated land. no establishment .n business, and see
Thus, on their failure, they had still inj: a ,,,. j nitt.1Vli avard, where
the other nine-teuths of their produce r saw two sloop loads of Long Island
uninjured, or even greatly increased j san,i l ing unloaded, and men engaged
in value, to compensate the loss.
In this State too much of each farm
is occupied by corn, whilst the cultiva
tion of rye, barley, peas, turnips, pota
toes, cabbages, clover and the various
grasses, is neglected. The cultivation
of too large a proportion in coru de
mands much expense for labor, aud
exhausts the soil, thus leading to the
poverty and ruin of the farmer; and
then, if the corn crop fails, as all crops
occasionally will fail, he has no reserve
or other produce on which to fall back.
-ow, me oovious remeuy is to plant
X .1 t 1? A l il
a i.u gic.ui-1 yunvii, uuu uiusgieau-
( i. - i .1 . .; .i
difional chances ior profitable cultiva
tion. And, besides, the various crops
recommended above will not all do
maud labor at the same time, but af-
ford constant occupation, all the year j
round, to the laborers and horses, and i
thus greatly reduce the average ex-
pen ses of the farm. !
-d. Utic implements and machine
cilh the labor of horses, as much ax pox- ;
iti'Mr-, and cmpfoy just ax fete laborers as
you van. In the times of slavery, tho
labor of servants was preferred. They .
were raised on the farm and must be :
employed there, as they must be fed j
and clothed at any rate. But it is quite '
different now. Large wages are de
manded, aud trust-worthy laboiers are
scarce, whilst the work of mauy would j
not do more than pay their wages ments in thv new State of Iowa than
leaving uothing for the employer and ' in Germany, Spain. Italy, Turkey, Rus
the owner of the land. sia, Africa, and Asm.
The farmer must have a fair interest
for big capital, or he will abandon his
lands and turn his attention to some
thing else. But the true remedy is to
continue to work the farm wholly, or
at least in great part, by horse labor,
and dispense altogether with the rudo
and barbarous, and expensive hoe.
Let the corn be planted in hills, or far
apart, and so regular both tray that the
plow and cultivator can be run across
the field, as well as up and down, and
thus all the work necessary can be
done with very lew hands, and in a
more rapid and efficient manner, for a
quick stepping horse or mule will has
ten the laziest laborer, aud give less
opportunity for idle conversation than
the old hoe.
Be sure to purchase new, good and
improved cultivators, harrows and
plows, and feed your horses well, -ways
under your otcn cye and you will
find that twice the work can be done
for the amount formeily expended.
J). X. C. Standard.
TtteXeic Fabric Plant," The Ramie.1"
Mr. Gregory stated that having lived
in the South he had learned something
of this prospective new staple. It is
a native of the Island of .lava in the
East Indies, and has been cultivated
since the wai in the southern parts of
the Cotton States. First it was brought
to Cuba, then to Mexico, then to Loui
siana, where it is now grown in large
fields. It is similar to the large sting
ing nettle, and resembles the hydran
ga, without the flower. Planted like
'.i iMI . il... 1 ...."il. i .
luul 11 m,h lMt uu,ul lumN
winch may be taken for layers; It
i , i . i
""'rs mncn. aim it may ie propaga-
mi Irom ln0 'wlil ,s iur times
as n,,u h J,s 1 '; whole stalk
,s ueu' SUMl im lllun ls e(l,iai 1U U8
,al,ru' to 's,'a lslal,u rutlon- w,llch 11 ,s
a!le-l'(1 11 vnM Wcdc.
Vineaar.K. Munson. Sennett, '. Y.:
will von inform me the speediest
lnethod of makiu;: vine-ar out ..f new
cjjt.r ; Would a new pine cask allVct
The taste i
Anwer. If cider is made fnun earl v
;, poles in August, or the first davs of
September, and put in a warm place.
it will tut 'it to vinegar in a tew weeks.
If made after the nights get cool, it
will take several months, or, if placed
-m tji0 ,viar, years, but wh n it comes
jt will iu. jrd. A jiiue cask, unless
strong with pitch, .mght not t make
the vinegar taste any more than bugs,
Morms, and tobacco -cuds iu ihe apples,
Oruhx at ons Jun-u. l.. IS. Ilight
shol, Mexico. Mo.: W hat is the caue
' r,l"-i " ba-u
ate mere
oliiel .' ill
lnolx' so"u' '"'lls 'll,au
vm "Hth-; in fat .r poor
ani iB there a lemedy ?
mixing it with the guano. Some one
came up at this juncture and asked
what I wanted. I said 1 did not want
any of that guano. They said they
made that for Long Island farmcis.
and I had better clear out.
Minnesota farmers an
raising
live
lences. lhey use cot ton wood, gray
w illow, white maple, black oak, and
l,:,,m- From t,,m' to uv "ears
' are sufiicient to raise a living fence to
! l"tect the helds trom stock
Durin-. the wartl.e Lebelsn.adehorsi
"
, 4.ol,:ir nn,:1u. i Jin(t 11(u t I...v are
r. 'commended for general use, for they
are liirht. thev do not iret heavv with
rain, nor freeze, nor wear out, nor
gall.
On settling the Cape le Verde b
lands the people cut away the timber
when severe drouths, sometimes of
three years' duration followed, ami
more than 30.000 people have perished
v. Itli famine.
Queen bees live from three to four
years, the workers nine months, ntnl
the drones until they arc killed.
Raspberries are said t grow better
if planted in rows like a hedge and cut
back to a bight of three feet.
There are more agricultural imple-
'.it
-... t
THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 11, 1869.
SPIRIT'S RETURN.
The floral son ia calling
The dewdropa hence on high,
From brook and lake and river
The vapors seek the sky ;
Earth gives them up relunctant ;
And faint with thirst and heat,
Mourna for the chihlreu of the mora,
So radiant and so float.
But they hare not forgotten,
In Heaven's aercner ray,
The beauty ad the brightness
From which they fled away.
The dew remembers fondly
The sweetness of the rose,
And tho spirit of the rivulet
Its early music knows.
And when the earth is fainting
And weary ior the rain,
In showers ot love aud blessing
They come to her again ;
With cool, refreshing lingers
They bathe her heated brows, high
And the song that they have learned on
Through all her being Hows.
Oh, dare we take the lesson
Of the dewdrop and the raiu t
Do the angels who have left us
Return to us agaiu f
Iu Heaven's eternal sunshine,
Renewed and purified,
Do they keen the memory of the land
In which they lived aud died t
When we ariso from weeping
For the idols we adored, A
And our lips repeat with fevor
" All, all shall be restored !''
Arc they not beuding o'er us
With more than human love,
And whispering to our inmost hearts,
Of holier joys above T
Descend, oh blessed angels,
In glories ever new ;
Reveal to us new lessons
Of the beautiful and true ;
As the rain the earth refreshes,
Let your love on us bo shed,
Till we follow up the rainbow path,
Whither our loed have tied.
For tho Greeiuboro Patriot.
THE ECLIPSE IN AUGUST.
KV S. C. COLLINS.
The reference, in a recent number of
this paper, to the eclipses of the sun
and moon which may be expected to
occur during the current year, and
which was probably overlooked by
very many because of its brevity, has
suggested to me the thought that a
more extended notice will be likely to
greatly increase the interest with
which many readers will view the total
solar Eclipse in August. .10'.). I am
further encouraged to invite the read
ers of this paper to " a feast of science,"
by the reflection that the rare occur
n nee of the phenomenon in question
will, when known, make it attractive to
many who would otherwise not bestow
upon it more than a passing thought.
For though a solar eclipse, total at
some point on the earth's surface hap-
oens ahnost venrlv, vet so often does
the shadow fall upon the uninhabited
regions, that ninety-nine men of every
luinhed die without ever having seen
one. At London, me sun nas oeen
totally obscured but once during the
ast seven hundred years; while the
ast entire solar eclipse at Tans occur-
red one hundred and forty-live years
ago. There probably is uot a person
in this State who reecollects having
witnessed one; and a large number of
those who shall be permitted to behold
that to which I refer will certainly nev-
.i i ? i . a.:
er 8eeanotner. it is mis consideration
of its novelty, added to its majesty,
that must render the phenomenon in-
ttinrr t tho ...nmritv nf thnsfl who
will :iin, it r for the multitude can-
..... ......v.-,.., -
not be expected to share tho anxiety
of the philosopher, who, bent upon in-
creasing his knowledge of the sun's
- . . .
nature, and conscious that his lite will
afford but the one opportunity to do
so, naturallv looks forward to such an
event with muchemotion.
The people of North Carolina are as
happily located for viewing this eclipse
as thev could have been had thev
been given choice of situation ; and it
V . .i , .
is pleasant to think that an exhibition
to witness which great expense has
rroib will lss ns
c
if to force a recognition, before our
very doors.
When,twoyearsago,in Philadelphia,
I made mv calculations, I could not
T .
hope so conndeutiy as I now can to
be iu the proper place at the proper
time. The axis of the full shadow will
fall on a spot somewhat east of Lake
, . c 1
Baikal in Irkoutsk. Asia, 011 Satrda
the 7th of August, at about halt past
ei dit iu the evening; and as soon
the ignorant inhabitants
.,, , ' ,
the sun rises
of that region will have cause to won
i i ill no l ii n wiiii
der at a relapse of approaching day in
to the darkness of night. If we follow
the line traced by the .router of the
shadow as it passes over the earth's
surface in a north-eastern direction to
Behiiug's Straits aua over that water,
we shall have the point at which it will
i
nrst touch N. America. After contin
uing its progress in this direction for
$ time, it will take a south-easterly
course. Skirting the Rocky Mountains
it will pass through Montana, Dakota
and South-western Minnesota in order,
nearly trace a diagonal across the
State of Iowa, aud traversing Illiuois
aud Kentucky in the direction of a
line drawn from Springfield to Salis
bury, reach the borders of North Caro
lina. Let it be nnderstoood tha.t it is
the centra of the shadow which will
follow the course indicated ; and that
at the points within the vicinity of this
line the eclipse must be complete. In
deed, at places no farther removed
from it than Pittsburg, Pennsylvania,
eleven digits will be obscured.
Commencing at the north-west, the
shadow will cross, iu order, Watauga,
southern Wilkes, Alexander, Iredell,
Rowan, southern Davidson, Montgom
ery, Moore, Cumberland, southern
Sampson, and Xew Hanover counties,
and wiil finally leave the earth's sur
face at a point in the ocean distant
about 800 miles from our coast. The
center will thus be about 60 miles dis
tant from Raleigh at its nearest point
and about the same distance from
Greensboro. Though the eclipse com
meuces on the morning of the 8th in
Siberia, it is visible here (strange
though it seem, without thought,) in
the evening of the 7th of August
The reflection, at the time of the occur
rence of the phenomenon, that the
shadow which hides our steeples has,
only two hours aud a quarter before.
darkened the porcelain towers of Chi
na, and that none of the inhabitants ot
Europe and Africa, and but few, in
Asia and South America can share
with us the spectacle, (the eclipse be
ing invisible in all of the two former
and in parts of the last two), cannot
but increase our estimation of the priv
ilege we are enjoying. The late houv
at which the eclipse becomes visible
to us may render it less striking than
it would be wereour position sufficient
ly to the north-west to allow us to
view it nearer the middle of the day:
but we shall have the satisfaction o
living the shortest day of our lives b.
tucen the dawn with which the obse -ration
will terminate and the twiligh;
which must speedily follow. It is pv
sible that some may be disappointed
in the intensity of the darkness t';
eclipse will occasion : but ii is proba
ble that the fowls will seek their roost:-.
and subset incut l v ov crowing announce
tho supposed approach of a new. day
An old man of eighty-nine who hap
pens to call while I am writing, says
that his lather was once compelled
rest on his plow while the unexpectoi
night passed over him. Such is th
outline of what may be expected to oc
cur in connection with that most sub
yunv and the rarest of astronomical
phenomenon, a total eclipse of thei sun;
i
in vhich 1 hope many may take co.i-
Suierable iuterest, in as much as the
afteiition given to such things isalwa
. 1)r0nortion to the intellectual ad
v.incenieut 0f a people
TCNNF.L OF THE A LPS AND CANAI
of SCKZ. inese two great won
m . a. 1
r ,- ;1 nd..r tin
,ii1Vetioii ami impulsion of French
I 111" Hdll."'l " .. ' "
cenius, hasten to completion.
The Tunnel will he J-'JO men
j o mciiv
l" ' .r., .., . .
l.w. At fhn Iwimriiiuirr n IMi'.l 'I. HU
i,,rt!r'i were nu l si led : .)..o. oiiuieii-i
j.u, si,it., and ,".S03 on the French side,
During the past year l,3i0 metres
were perforated, or 1 10 a month. The
remaining ,ot mnn. .it iu
rjt wiW mjllin. twenty-eight months;
so that by the middle of April, 1871.
the miners from the opposite sides w iil
tuezCanal will be completed
sooncn A Marseilles paper, on the
authority of the engineer, M. Borcl,
states that it will be finished by the 1st
of ( )ctobcr 1S00. That la-time
quired bv tho contraet. under a )ena t
f r)(K0otVancs for each month's del: y.
'yw contractors do not intend to int ur
that penaltv. They know they can com-
olete the work bv the dav stipulate d,
phtcwe wor
e have over 40,00 ) miles of railway
iu this country. The average life ot a
railwav sleeper is set-n vears. 1 lit re
"lwVj L mile. The average e st
i8 50 cents each. Thusour sleepers are
costing us ? 150 a mile every year for
each of the 40,000 miles in the Lniou.
The sleepers on the English roads hi; t
lourteen years, ami wh,n
ni.0lerlv treated w ith preserving sub
as stances, thev last for a century
The
wooden structures on the farms of this
,.,)iiiirv cost -3.000.000,000 ev rv thir v
- i - . .
vears. or . 100.000.000 each vear. J.
the use of simple and cheap presen
tives the duration of all this woo l
could at least be doubled. Thus the
care and the saving for which I pler.d, ! on such a scale as w ill permit of its find, urging piteously, yet with vto
if generally practiced, would save this beingiutioduced in America very short- lence, that he too by right is a troop
country 84,000.000 everv year in mi! i lv. In dveing. thisis one of the greatest horse that he too is willnig to charge
road ties and 50.1 K.10.000 in fenciag
and farm-buildings.
' "I.
Urn Series No. 53.
SOUTH AMERICAN LETTERS.
(EXTRACTS.) NO-II.
Carthagena, U. S. Colombia ,
Aug. 8th, 1503. )
My health appears to be
entirely restored, and the trip, from
this place touChoco" (up the river
Atroto) has been to me quite au interest
ing one, on account of its being my
tirst visit to a part of the country, of
wnicu I have hearl much said daring
the past 10 or V2 years, and of which
many stories have been told, that to a
etrungei seem almost fabuio us. "Ell
Choco means in the Indiau tougue
the land of gold." Aud indeed it is;
for the banks of the liver Atroto give
unmista kable evidences of tho aurifer
ous depoiiU X50 miles below the City
of Quibdo. The latter place (Quibdo)
is tho head of navigation for boats or
steamers ; and is about 2S0 miles from
its mouth. It contains a population
of about 1000 inhabitants, is situated
upon a high bank of the river, some
40 feet above an ordinary stage of wa
ter, and a distance of a mile below,
presents a very picturesque appearance
with its green grassy slope and now
and then a bread fruit tree, with its
peculiar unique foliage. The houses
are all whitewashed, and most with
tile roofs, and balconies projecting
from the second stories on the river
side. A mile above the city (from any
iou.se on the river side) you see the
routiuence of three rives at the same
point. The river " Quito" from whofe
source to the summit of the Cordillera
of the Andes is only two hours walk,
where the Pacific isvisible.) Thcriver
Atroto'' in the middle due south,
md the river " Cube'' from the east
the sands of all of which rivers, on be
ing washed yield gold from 22 to 23
carats fine. There are purchased in
Quibdo every month, about 30 tons of
India rubber, and from $S,000 to $12,
MI0 worth of gold dust, all the gold is
trom river washings, and it all contains
from 2 to 3 per cent, of pure i la Una in
ep.irate scales small and whitish,
oearing a close resemblance to silver,
f he gold is all extracted bv panning,
nid such a thing as a "Rocker" or
long Tom" is unknown. The native
Cauotr-s of from 3 to 20 tons capacitv.
;ake from 35 to 70 days to make the
trip. We went down in 5 days. run
ning time, or 97 hours, or including
delays 7A days.
Quibdo is the port of entry, and
nany articles of produce &C-., such as
Flour, Snap, Cocoa, Brandies, Wines,
Sugar, eve, are imported directly from
A spin wall. Near the mouth of the
liver on the sea coast, is a settlement
of Indians of the San Bias tribes, who
raise hogs, fowls &c., and cultivate
cocoa ami corn. The settlement is
.'ailed k Cainan" which means in span
idi "Alligator." The " Captain," or
Cacique of fie tribe came on board our
"t earner, to pay us a visit, and sell
half a dozen fowls. He was accom
panied by an Indian Interpreter who
spoke a few words of Spanish, but
managed to make himself understood.
Thf. Confederate Archives.
The follow ing paragraph in the Colum
bus (Ja.) Sun, with which Mr. A. R.
Limar, who was clerk of the Confeder
ate House of Representatives, is edi
toriallv connected, is doubtless from
..f that irentleman :
" "aN ' ma,lc " UlHISlUOIl OI
t i . I l : :i: r
;ome of the most valuable and impor
ant documents placed under his con
trol. The writer ot this had under his
immediate control the most general,
important, and interesting archives of
,1 t 1 ;t, ; ,miin,..,i
1 .id.? i luiiiiiMu n,i imiiu iiviiiit.(ii
aistory from its auspicious begining at
1 1 (i iiiii m 1 ' f 1 1 1 in ijuu at
Montgomery to the disastrous close
at Bichmm.d. The congress had left
it to Mr Davis to sav when, how, and
.here the archives should be moved.
Upon application to Mr Davis a few
davs previous to the surrender as to
" .' I
what disposition should be made
1 .... .1
hem, w e were informed bv his private
........ it. n .' , t 1 . i
secreiar inai -ir uavis nau pacKeti
,one of the papers of his office lor re,
moval. and that we should wait lor
luither orders. The orders came on
Sunday. The papers w ere packed and
went on the Presidential train. We
ti,.,t ii,ftv ra uitt
11.1 1 1 ..1. I'M II 1.11.(1 I.U , .1, V'V'.JfcX
it present in Y ashington citv.
deposited iu this City (Charlotte)
one tune, but whether they have been
einoved we do not know. Lharlotle
1 Democrat.
; "Blvk-uvon Wool
Tliedillicuity
, uf fixing a permanent blue upon wool
I has bun suceessfullv overcome in Eng-
.
i land, mid fmntire blues are being com
a i pletch superseded. The patentees
. working night and day to supply the mm, must be iound in the ranksj and
' demand, and are making preparations he rushes at the first squadron he can
dicoveries of modern days- So
i the circular of a large Liverpool house, must and will "fall iu."
SOLOM02TS TEUELD BXHTTMED;
The London Tfsfe nnbliahna an in.
teresting fcttef inregard to the diaco?
eries at Jerusalem- from which 5 We se -lect
the fouowingrThe colossal foun
dations of the temple wall, which are
scones ot ten cubits and stones of
eight cubite' laid by Solomon or his suc
cessors on the throne, are now being
laid bare at the euormous depth of 90
feet and more beneath the present sur-
ine unage mat once spanned
uue ru me oeiween tne palace of Zioa
and the temple on Moriah is how prov
ed to have been upward of 160 feet
nign. it this be, as it seems, the as-.
cent to the House of the Lord which
Salomon snowed to the Queen of Sheba,
we can not wonder that on seeing it
there was no spirit in her. The pina
cle of the temple on which the tempter '
placed the Saviour has just been un
covered to the base," and is still to
have an elevation' Of 136 feet The
statement of Josephus is therefore na
exageration. If any one looked from
the battlements iuto the valley ho
woidd be giddy, while his sight could
not reach to such an immense depth.
Sections of the ancient wall of Ophei
have been exhumed, allowing that, as
Josephus &ay it was joined to tho
Koiithast angle of the Temple. Aque
ducts, cisterns, rock-hewn channels
and passages have also been discover,
ed within and around the harem, throw,
ing new light on the buildings, the nr.
rangementa, and tho sen-ices of tho
temple. The great work of a complete
exploration of ancient J erusalem is thus
fairly and auspiciously commenced.
The opportune visit of the Sultan ana
grand vizier to -this country, and the
representations made to the latter by
the Archbishop of York, followed up
as they have been by the energy, tho
wisdom andtaot of Lieut Warren and
his admirable staff, have soothed down
Moslem prejudice, removed local oppo
sition, and thus brought about oppor
tunities for excavation and exploration
such as never occurred before; aud be
sides, large numbers of Arab laborers
have beeu trained to the work, and are
eager to be employed; aud the exact
points for successful exploration are
now well known."
ALASKA
We have seen numerous descriptions
of our newly acquired possessions in
the extreme North-west j but none so
graphic, quaint, or pungent as tho fol
lowing, extracted from a private letter
of an officer iu the United States ser
vice , who spent several mouths cruis
ing along the coast sf Alaska last sum
mer:
I wonder what Seward bought Rns
sian America fort If I owned a nig
gerand could catch him up there of his
own free will, I would certainly either
sell him or let him stay there.
The scenery was very grand and
wild too much so, I think, to be en
joyed. You go hundreds of miles
through inland passages, not wider in
many places than the Hudson river,
with great mountains rising right out
of water, and lifting their heads in tho
region .of perpetual snow, where no
white man has ever been, and where
no sensible man will ever go. The
w hole coast is fringed with anet work
of such waters, enclosing archipelago
alter archipelago of islands from ono
mile to fifty miles long. I did not
know, nor did any body aboard our
ship know whether we got sight of tho
main land or not 'during the entire
voyage.
The Coast Survey is n good institu
tion, and has done, great service to tho
science of geography, and it is possible
that it may have been in the scheme
of Providence to give a it perpetual
lease of life; certainly if it is ever exten
ded over that wilderness of waters, tho
officers may exclaim, "A thousand
years are as one day "in such an un.
dertaking. .. .
This is one good thing. There is an
other. The timber on the Globe is
exhausted. There are enough cedar
trees on many of the islands up there to
make the telegraph poles for a line a
round the globe. Say the line is 25 000
miles long and we want forty poles per
mile and we would require one million
poles. Why, sir, you would not miss
that number.
I certainly saw enough timber last
August, just sailing along among the
islands to build all the railroads and
telegraph lines now on the globe, aud
half a dozen lines of each clear around
it besides. What there may be in the
interior I d not know.
A HORSE IN BATTLE.
Kinglake, in his "History of tho
Crimean Invasion," gives the following
graphic description of a horse in battle
lhL extent to which a charger can
i. 1.1 "i r , ... , ,
oikitn.lioitfl tlio iw.vilu tF I..iOa fliAA
I t ...."t .v.if,-i v 1 n vioiiu ill IVA
u y u, ..o
" " 3 V"" rscBiui
"B lu7r
" ;;' ' ' "1" " " ,
'V-' . ' - , T , m
1" .-......B,jr ir m
1 irru'ir rufnir mill I,., rrsw.u tk.,nl, .
'r1 "T t !
fiffht llllll'Ud Vllinrlwl OC tlinurrtt if-
" " , , , ; , ,
were a held dav at home: but the mo-
., ., . , ' , .
. "'
1 ! " " C i , ' . . B HU
ill.,mc.' , ' T ,1Cr
V . i .. . ? , T '
!" ,.. " " B.
lZ( (1 wlth horror of the fate he may In.
- Vl r , C 1 i
r, .
1 .... .v ...j ... v a.mv. 1UIIIIU1I 11 11111,1,
he shows plainly enough that be more
at or less knows the dread accent that is
used by missiles of war while cutting
their way through the air, for as often
as these sounds disclose to him the near
passage oi a uuuet or round suot he
C t 11.
shrinks and cringe. His eyeballs pro-
trude. ilu with fright, he still does
not commonly gallon home into camp.
i . - .
- ins instinct Reems rather to tell him
are that what safety, if any there is for
savs but not to be left behind that he