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JOREENSBpHON. O. JANUARY 13. 1885.
(GOV. JAIH IS' MESSAGE.
We priu t
the fall test of Gov.
tThrvts message to tbeLegitatore
uuv, pni isuiis u Minnie ana til
oi ; dealing
's He takes
with nablit
I Jqtiestioiis.
Vtbe bull by
He tbiuks
tljtt Iijorus7 to speak
:4 hie. 63,000 salary )aid
the Gover-
nbf I utterly inadequate, if not
p irsimonioii, and he says so. De
t tliiuk the ilidical salaries nr tm
v J jsiinalji and he says so "He think
'I the State Uiiiversity ought to have
. I aii adilitionil annual appropriatioi.
I J bt 81(1,000. :k that itsj doors ought
Hg ibe j brown open to t)ie poo? boys
' ; ii(theotate j His cthr renommen
(i dMions arejilso on the order of in
i novation, and f he message as whole
nation oc visioiy anecteu t he res
julatibu of j jmr slow-going solona,
hntliey read it iu cold type.
if Ii the space at our command
we
shall
nptieo
the
message -at
greater length and discuss some of
its suggestions.
Vii say gbod by to Gov. Jarvts.
suring hiii that, mj our opinion
; ;(vhieh is generally shared), he has
i'. hiadeltbe most practical and useful
R Governor the State has had since
; ' the days of Morehead.
l -AVe earnestly commend to our
; own, sol on the timely words of
I'Gov Hill tothe New York Legisla-
tute:!;.: ' f j , ;
V'Oiie of the greatest evils incident
to the hasty method of modern leg
islatiqu is the careless and imper
iect mannefin which bills are gen
erally; framed " j
i : RemeuilMig this, gentlemen, and
uo your work well ana wise.y. In
tl sixty days session some expedi
tUm "is necessary, of eourse.
' Tins is emphatically the day of
self iiade meu. The career of Pnb
t 1 -lhr.-rif inte'f I libnnds,' now - at the
of the vast establishment de-
scribed in last week's Patriot, is
arqpmiion
how pi lick,
of the olI, old story of
determination and en-
ejrgj- will overcome apparently in
sui)etable" barriers.
tT)EiiLirfo P. Rounds com
meuced lift about 40 years ago in
a coiiutry printing office in the
; Slate of 2vew Hampshire. After
"a. five years' apprenticeship, he
j 31 worked on
a daily paper, and after
the "case", was made
of the office. ' After 4
a-1 a year at
-v "foreman,,
Ifif years servjee in this capacity he
a
I i having de
ermined to thoroughly
"art preservative.n He
with full honors from
! master thei
graduated
Li. atti. m.m
:ij ( IUU 'J Cit l, llllLIII IIUUOOUl 1UUIUIM
i Barrett & t)o., Buffalo, New York.
;f . He learned there everything about
i printing that could be learned, and
,! Wbeii be left the veteran Thomas,
I i theijltbe ibest known man in the
jl' j.raft in America, gave him a diplo
'Ss afirst elass and accomplished
f printer in kvery sense of the word."
I Tb is distinction Mr. Rounds consid
!ei"S to day to be the most notable
achievemeptof liis ptieiiomenaiiy
! successful
career. From Buffalo
Chicago, the great print
of the world. Here he
he weut to
ing centre
ded the Chicago Times, now
strongest paper in the great
r KorthwesL j aud subsequently es
f fablbed the "Printers Ware
f bouse,, making a business that to
:.daunde the name of his succes
5 sori the Rounds Type aud Press
Ooinpany extends from : the Ohio
to the Pacific coast and is familiar as
f househbldj words in every printing
r office. ; 'Ijj" j- - . . I '
; f When Garfield was elected Pres
ideut his name was suggested for
Public Piuter, and the: suggestion
I was! at once taken up and spread
like a wild prairie nre among me
press of tlie West, until nearly one
thousaudj of its principal papers
hadj jstroiigly indorsed - him. j Not
-tiljflwas he backed by the entire
)ower of the press, but j byj the
koiid iudieuce and petition of all
I the State officers,
Senators
and
itepreseutatives ot his own State;
J
i by! the business men, baukers, city
!; officers Uuii judges of Chicago,
(Where Ji4 had been in busiuess for
.thirty -6ii0 years), but by prominent
! ineSr hisi entire State delegation
and. a host of senators and mem,
: bers of Congress from other States,
making jaltogether tbej strongest
' indorsement any one applicif ut tor
a pos'tibijl ever received. .
-PresidinJt Garfield liad deter
r miftwl ouf his apioiutiueut , and a
memoranllrtio that effect was found
ainoug his official papers. Ou sue
ceeiUug ol the Presidency,! Mr.
' Arthur a i once appointed hiui Pub
UcPrinVer. ! r ; ' I "
Jle found the Government Print-
lugpffici one of the worst abused
of 111 tbeGovernmeiitdepartuients.
i 1
It vas an; Augean stable in jvery
,- H- . Z o.. ve, JLAJOiiOx-tA. Y . tl AIS 1 J A K V I 1 WNft. i i t?"-J!: T5iT. iHw irrttr.
buses. It had been run as a politj
macuine by notorionalr 1 npnm
etent managers until its abolition1
J Congress was serionslv th
-ned. Calling to his assistance
'.."V ayior, one sof the
ongntest young journalists in the
Northwest, he began the work of
form, until now the Government
-.uuugumce is the lanrest and
most successfully conducted printl
"g establishment in the wartA
i Mr. Taylor, as his chief clerk!
"aa nw strong right arm-in
the accomplishment of this hercu
leau work. "- j v '. f4 ' I
i In a recent visit to th ' nrintin,.
office Mr. Rounds said to the writer:
Strong as I believe myself to be,
I am satisfied thai my administra.
tion would have lacked little of faili
ure without the invaluable helo of
Cadet Taylor and my other subor
diuaes. The world cannot beat
them or furnish more efficient men
for their respective positions. It
is the most trying of all places in
the gift of the Government." ;
Sustaining quasi official rela
tions with the office for ja year or
more, our own observation Confirms
Mr. Rounds in everv resnecL It is
au admirably conducted institution
and as near the business standard
Of 'management i&A imnnrtnnatA
Congressmen will allow.
THE BANNER STATE AT NEVf OR-
. LEANS. " j
. According j to I the legion of
Northern newspaper j correspon
dents it looks very much now as if
North Carolina would be the ban
ner State of the South, at New Or
leans, as far as the display of its
resources is eoncerned. The ar
rangement of its section shows
greath taste and ingenuity. It is
divided into five com partments,eacb
with a pagoda orj pavilion. These
compartments illustrate the fishery,
agricultural, j forest, mineral and
manufacturing industries of North
Carolina. In the fishery section is
a pagoda built of . oars and other
acquatic emblems, and crowned by
specimens of seines and network.
It coutains every specimen, of fish
found in the waters of; the State,
from the smallest minnows to stur
geons weighing 300 pounds. The
boats, rope, nets, everything used
iu nsniug are here shown, with
pictures which freely illustrate this
industry, and give one a broad
idea of it. Next to this is the tim
ber pavilion perhaps the prettiest
one in the building made of three
hundred different native woods.
Here is located the office of the
North Carolina commission.
Around arej specimens of all the !
trees growing in the State, show-
ing each in the rough, j the rough
timber and its foliage, when final
ly oiled, polished or j varnished.
Here, also, are shown a collection
of all the . medicinal plants and
herbs produced in North Carolina,
more than three hundred in num
ber, i In the third section, devoted
to agriculture, is a pavilion made
of native grasses and cereals more
than fifty feet high, trimmed with
cotton the larg?st and one of the
handsomest structures iu the Gov
ernment building. .The agricul
tural display around it has not yet
been fully arranged but it will con
tain it is said, specimens of every
agricultural product in the United
States, as North Carolina produces
everything grown In the country,
filling alf the blanks in the census.
The mineral pavilion is a tall struc
ture, covered entirely with gold and
silver mica, which makes it glisten in
the electric light as if constructed
of the precious metals themselves.
Here is displayed the mineral col
lections, which the North Carolina
Geological Department has-been
forty years in arranging, and a
portion of which only was exhibited
at the Boston Exposition last year,
and pronounced the finest thing
shown there. .
Hnrrah'j for "old RipP
SOUTHERN INDUSTRIES.
- The Baltimore Manufacturers Be
cord, in its annual review of south
ern industries, publishes a list of
all manufacturing and mining en
terprises organized in the southern
States in 1884, giving name, loca
tion, and character of business of
each. The list shows 1,863 new en
terprises, with an aggregate capi
tal reaching the enormous suin ot
$103,260,500, divided as follows:
Alabama: One hundred ! and
eighty seven new establishments,
with a capital of 16,025,000.
Arkansas : Forty six, with a
capital of $2,040,000.
Florida: Ninety five, with $2,-
323,000 capital. ' I
Georgia: One hundred and nine
ty six, with $5,455,000 capital. '
Kentucky : One hundred and
thirty-seven, with $21,760,000 capi
tal. . .
Louisiana: Fifty-three, with $5,-
34,000 capital.
Marylaud: Onehundredand five,
with $7,121,500 capital.
Mississippi : Forty, with $1,
205,000 capital."
North Carolina: Two hundred
and twenty-six, with $4,110,000
capital.
South Carolina: Fifty-three, with
$3,174,000 capital.
Tennesstse: Two hundred and
fifty, with 87,910,000 capital.
Texas : Two hundred and twelve,
with $10,778,000 capital.
Virginia: One hundred and
eightv eierht. with i 13.450.000 cani.
. , - - i
Ltd. I ; j
west Virginia : Seventy-seven,
with $493,000 capital. ,
The list shows that almost every
branch of general manufactures is
represented. Cotton, and wollen
mills, machine-shops, foundries,
blast furnaces, ice-factories, saw
mills, planing mills, building-material
factories, furniture factories,
carriage and wagon-factories, handle-factories,
etc., are very numer
ous. There are many flour-mills
and more tobacco-factories, and a
large number of cottonseed oil
mills, as well as mining enterprises
of all kinds gold, silver, copper,
mica, ore, coal, etc. The notice
able feature is the amount of
northern and western capital x com
ing Into the South. .
THE FARMER'S CLUB MEETINGS.
While it is important to have
meetings of State Boards of Agri
culture and County Agricultural
Societies, they cannot be made to
do the work that can be done by
Farmer's Clubs. Many intelligent
farmers are too modest and too un
accustomed to public speaking to
speak before a large audiences, but
when they meet their neighbors at
the, Farmers' Club meeting, they
will freely give a large amount of
valuable practical information re
lating to the growing of crops, or
the care of animals, and thus they
gradually school themselves to
speak readily to a small audience
of acquaintances, and in time pre
pare themselves to rpeak with per
fect confidence to a large number,
even though' most of them are
strangers. j
While the Club meetings should
be conducted so as to have only
one speak at the same time, and he
to alwavs address the chair, they
should not to bee stiff and formal ;
each member should be permitted
to tell in his own way, and if he
prefer to sit while talking, he should
be permitted to do. In this way
farmers are ineuced to tell import
ant facts which they never would
if compelled to stand while speak
ing, and to submit to stiff formali-
ties.
It is surprising what a difference
a live Farmers' Club will make in
any farming community after it
has been running a few years. The
first lesson it teaches the farmer is
close observation; this in turn
teaches the farmer that he has got
much to learn. . When a farmer ar
rives to this conclusion he is on the
road to success, but as long as he
thinks he knows all there is worth
knowing, there is but little hope
that he will ever make any pro
gress.' When farmer meettogeth-
errand compare notes, they not
only learm from each other, bat
they are encouraged to watch morr
closely the operations on their own
farms, and thus learn important
facts which- would have escaped
their attention if they had not met
their brother farmers and compared
notes. : - i
The moment that a farmer is con
vinced' that his neighbor has a bet
ter way to produce a crop than he
has, he is induced to make an ef
fort to ascertain what that way is,
and then to adopt it on his own
farm. When ; one improvement is
adopted it soon leads to the adop
tion of others, ard thus the farmer
becomes a progressive aud a more
successful farmer. If we had the
power to measure the advantage
that have grown cut of farmers',
club meetings during1 the past ten
years, no doubt we should all be
surprised, for the work of the clubs
has not been confined to teaching
how to grow crops to better advan
tage, but it has covered a broad
field, ard thus benefitted the farm
er in various ways. , The farmer's
occupation takes him away from so
ciety; his opportunities for social
intercourse are very limited ; there
fore, whatever may bring him out
to mingle with his neighbors is an
advantage, because it improves his
social qualities, rubs off the sharp
corners ot individdality, and gives
him more liberal ideas. A man
who lives all of the time away from
society is very likely to become
selfish, and often bigoted ; hence it
is Important that there should be
occasions to call men. together to
act as a bodb, and by so acting
learn to mingle their ideas togeth
er, and respect the will of the ma
jority. Men who thus mingle to
gether go home better fitted to min
gle with tuelr families, and are
more likely to listen to their wants,
and to forget in a measure their
own selfishness.
The Club I Meeting encourages
everv active I member to observe
L L . ill! i ' - ' . " "" - -a vw ACaTHaWe.
more closely the growth of crops
was another year they may be able
to speak with more positive knowl.
age on any particular operation on
the farmer. When a farmer be
comes a good, active member of a
totiucrs emu, ne aiso Decomes a
valuable member of a county oci
ety, ana soon learns to work in it
with the same success that he has
worked in the club. 1
The Farmers' Club meetings en
courage the farmers to unite to
gethar not only for social elevation
and progress, but also for the bet
ter protection of business; they
soon learn not only when and how
they can best purchase the goods
they desire, but they soon learn
where and how to get a fair price
for their products, and by unity of
action can get a more uniform and
higher yrice for what they sell.
Wherever a good, live Farmers'
uiubs exists there is but little
chance for swindlers to succeed:
this they have learned, and so as
a rule, confine their operation to
fermers who stay at home, and do
not read the papers.
Every year farmers' meetings are
being held more frequently and
new clubs are continually being
formed, until at the present time
they are numerously scattered all
over New England; yet there is
still room ior more; every farming
town should have at least one
farmer's society; or perhaps two,
one club, and one grange.
The little clubs that meet at the
farmers nouses are quite as import
ant at the larger socities that meet
at the Town Hall ; in fact the small
clnbs furnish the material to make
the larger societies; it is there that
the young farmer j takes his first
lesson in public speaking ; and it is
there that he is first encouraged to
investigate and gather up informa
tion that is of public value.
- In the selection of subjects for
discussion at farmers' meetings it is
important that the person who is to
lead off should be consulted, that
he may have a subject that he is in
terested in, and thoroughly ac
quainted with, and his acquaintance
should be practical, so that he can
lay before the meeting fresh practi
cal information.' To compile a lec
ture from books or papers may be
better than nothing, but not much.
Farmers are marching on and they
want principally information fresh
from the field of operation, that
they may compare it with their own
knowledge. and with the books and
papers they read. Books and pa
pers are for home reading, and not
for recitation from the platform.
After a club has been in opera
tion several seasons, the members
will prepare them selves during the
growing season j for discussions the
next winter, by observations and
experiments. They will thus be
able to speak with 'much positive
ness on subjects which they have
prepared themselves during
the
warm season.
lilacs fCbler-JMtlee Walte.
A Washington special to 1 1 the
New York Times say s:, Chief-Justice
Waite has been very ill for
more than six weeks. Lust sum
mer he was stricken with paralysis
but recovered sufficiently to give
bis physicians and friend hopes of
complete physical and mental re
storation. About two months ago
erysipelas attacked his face aud
head. His brain has been affected
by this dangerous disease, and for
a considerable period he has been
lucid only at intervals. These
troubles have been complicated by
a severe cold. He has been occa
sionally better, but there are no en
couraging signs of ultimate recov
ery. , x or six weens ne uas ueeu
confined to bed, ana recently no
one save his family and physicians
bave ueeu penmcteu to see mm.
The effect of th paralytic stroke
is now deemed to have been more
severe than was supposed, and
erysipelas is such an insidious dis
ease that danger is always immi
nent when the patient's head is at.
tacked. Unless it yields readily to
treatment, death will follow speed
ilv. In the Chief Justice's case,
while the disease is stubborn, it
yields sufficiently to treatment to
give hope, but a bare hope only.
His family are very apprehensive
and despondent. The most intimate
friends of the Chief Justice are
hopeless of his final recovery. ! The
utmost they expect is that he may
linger for a few months. Should
he die before the 4th of March,
Frederick Tl Frelinghuysen, Secre
tary of State, will undoubtedly be
nominated for Chief Justice. If
Chief-Justice Waite should have a
lucid interval sufficiently long to
enable him to comprehend bis real
situation he would probably resign,
in order to enable his successorHo
be appointed by President Arthur.
The House last Monday re
fused to pass a bill abolishing the
internal revenue tax on tobacco,
cigars, snuff, cigarettes and che
roots, the tax on distilled spirits
used for mechanical and manufac
turing purposes, etc, the special
tax on dealers in tobacco and the
tax on liquors distilled wholly from
fruit, by a vote of 127 , nays to 77
yeas. ; ': "' 1
Bnsselt Hancock, only son of
Gen. Hancock, died last wees.
I , . " s -Mmm " i ;
North Carollaa Iuua Ar1i.
! The following statistics are taken
from the Superintendent's report tor
the year ending Nov. 30, 1884.
i The total number of admissions
since the opening of the - Asylum
bn the 22d .Februarj 1 1856, is 1,626:
the total number of discharges for
the same time, is 1,333; of whom
428 were cured; 210 improved; 206
unimproved; and 449 died; leaving
now under treatment 243.
! Upon the whole number of admis
sions the percentage of discharges'
cured has been 26; ot improved, 12;
of unimproved, 18; of deaths, 27.
, Ac the date of the last ; Annual
Report, there were in the Asylum
96 males and 103 females. The ad
missions since have been 53 males
and 53 females. The whole num
ber under treatment during the
year was 149 males and 156 females,
making a total of 305.
There have been 25 males and
37 females discharged during the
year; f of these, 13 males and 13 fe
males were cured; 2 males and 14
females improved; . 4 males and 5
females unimproved; and 6 males
and 5 females died.'
Of the past year : the following
are the results: ) ' .; r
L The percentage of cures upon
admission has been 24. !
2. The percentage of deaths up
on number under treatment has
been 4. : . ; . .
Of the admissions during the
year, the cause of disease is report
ed to have been mental in 29 cases,
hysical in 56 cases, and unknown
n21- , - ; i ;j
The form was Mania, Epileptic,
Suicidal and Homicidal in 63 cases;
Melancholia in 26: Dementia in 5;
and others forms in 7 cases. j
The average duration of disease
previous to admission, is represent
ed to have been' about 3 years
many of them 10 to 20 years.
Of those recovered, the suppos
ed cause of the disease was mental
in 5 cases; physical in 15; and uu
known in 6. i j I
The form was Mania in 13 cases;
Melancholia in 6 cases; Dementia
in 1 case; and Monomania in 1 case.
The duration before admission: is
represented to have beeu less than
one year in 20 cases, and from 1 to
3 years in 6 cases. .
The length Of time under treat
ment iu the Asylum was less than
1 year in 6 cases, and over 1 year
in 10 cases, making on average of 7
or 8 mouths of treatment, except in
cases at home oh "probation," not
properly to be included. ' j
Of the deaths, the cause of insan
ity Was mental in 2 cases: physical
iu 5 cases: and unknown in 4. The
duration before ! admission was 4
years, and length of time under
treatment was 7 J years, the longest
one 27 years, the shortest 3 days
The cause of death was Heart
Disease in 1 case; General Paresis
in 1; Exhaustion ! from 1 Chronic
Mania in 3; Acute Mania in j 1;
Phthisis in 3; Chronic Dysentery
in 1: and Inanition in 1 case. j
The economic questions involved
in the i-are of the insane, are of the
most serious character. From the
statistics of the tenth census (1880),
we find the following startling
facts, as tabulated below:
Date Pop. U. S.
No. Insane. Ratio.
20.042 i 1 to 1.308
37.432 I 1 to 1.030
! 91.997 L 1 to j 65
the last census.
I860
SM4&2ZI
3858.371
60,155.783
1870
1880
According to
there was in North Carolina four
years ago, a total population of
1,398,414, of which 867,242 were
white, and 531277 colored.
The total number of insane re
ported in the State is 2,028; ' of
these 1,591 were white, ana 4J7
colored. I I
The two Asylums for the white
population, at Caleigh and at Mor
ganton, now bave under treatment
about 450, leaving 1,141 without
such care, and about 200 colored
patients are in the Asylum at
Goldsboro, leaving 219 colored au
nrovided for. To these I must I be
added the increase of insane popu
lation for the last four years.
The present dividing line be
tween the territory from which
natienta are sent to this institution.
and to the Western Asylum, is so
arranged as to place 56 counties,
WHO WII1M3 fU(fUIHblUII VlviM'.o'vv,
as patrons of this Asylum, and! 40
counties, with a white population of
401,742, as patrons or tne western
institution. i I '
It will be observed that the ratio
of the white insane to the whole
white population of the State is 1
to 545, being about the general
ratio Tor the entire population of
the:Union. II -
If the nronortion is alike in 1 both
sections of the State, there are 853
white insane persons east ot mviu
ing line, and 738 west of the line.
Lt1ia RUhonof Melbourne has
ordered prayers to be offered that
rabbits may not oecorae moiuera,
all endeavors to exterminate them
having proved fruitless. What
nextt ! " f , ' M
imi mI1 :li an tnnrml A trfwvl
deal in the last eighteen hundred
vears and is cetting back at some
of its old starting points. There
is a Young Men's Christian Associ
ation at Tarsus, the birthplace or
oaui. . t i ; f . ..
Thft fire losses in the United
Rtatea for 1884 foot UP i $112,000,-
000, or $25,500,000 more than dur
ing any of the nine years previous.
The record is only exceeded by
those ot 1871 ana 1872, i wnen me
Chicago and Boston conflagrations
occurred.
-The interests of the farmers of
the Btate should receive whatever
encouragement and fostering aid it
is within tne power or tne legisla
ture legitimately to bestow. Their
farms pay a greater pro- portion of
the taxes, according to their value,
than any other species of property;
the farmers, as a class, add the
least to the criminal and charitable
expenses of the localities where
they reside, and they have i never
asked or received but little consid
eration at the hands of the State.
M Here an There a Gen.
For knowledge to become wis
dom, the soul must be rooted iu
God. Mrs. Montford.
The worst of Christ, even his
chaff, is better than the world's
corn. S. Rutherford. r j ;
Nothing but the Infinite pity
is suQcieut for the infinite pathos
of human lite. John Jngletant.
The Mohammedans have nine
ty nine names for God, but among
them all they have not "Our
Father." -
There is not one sin that we
ever commit bat has its effect upon
our souls in after years. J. H.
Evan. .
Doar Lord, is it too much to ask
For thia poor heart lik blimful Uk ?
Mar not my Ufa ao brightly shino -.
Tho reflex of that unilo ot thine
That it may load through ia'i dark night -
Soma aon! to irorihip theo aright Wm
Losses, .disappointments, ill
tongueB, loss of friends, houses, or,
country, are God's workmen, set on
work to work out good to you, out
of everything that befaileth you.
8. Rutherford. -j-rrj
Human love, when deep and
true, is never ashamed of the lowli
ness of its object. A truly1 noble
nature recognizes a friend the more
he needs help. Though we are
mean, and low, and despised, yet
Christ is not ashamed of us because
he loves us. Rev. Neicman Hall.
God requires no such faith,
nay, he accepts, nay, he excuses no
such faith as believes without rea
kou; believes, he knows not why.
As faith without fruit, without
works, is uo faith, so faith without
a root, without reasou, is uo faith,
but an opinion. Zr. Donne. -..
Wo lore or dead and hold their memories dear!:
Bat hnoi loro w sweeter than regret ;
God's ways are jost j and. though they seem sororo.
Than wo bars lost, lis chastens for somo good
HO ea save back with Messinn creator yet
Thai in our weakness ia not understood.
. Parian Grey.
I find these two truths a stay
to my soul, the efficiency of the
atonemeut, aud the stability of the
promise. Just now this seems my
all, and enables me to look up to
God as my father, although j 1 am
bis sorrowing child ; for as I thiuk
of my sins aud sinfulness, it almost
seems as it I must sorrow even iu
the laud where sorrows shall be no
more known. Evans.'
Twenty States aud Territories
have adopted compulsory
educa
tion.
rSeventy five years ago the
first tomatoes grown in this coun
try were cultivated as a jstrauge
and showy horticultural Curiosity
iu a garden iu Salem, Massi Forty
five years ago, or a little more, they
began to be used as a vegetable in
the season. j
In the 49th Congress the House
will contain 182 Democrats, 140
Republicans, 1 Greenback Demo
crat (Weaver, of Iowa,) aud I
Greenback Republican, (Brumm, ot
Pennsylvania.) A vacancy exists
in the 19th Congressional District
of Pennsylvania.
GOV. JARVIS MESSAGE.
State op North Carolina, ;
Executive Department,1
Raleigh, Jan. 7tbi It 85.
Gentlemen of the Senate and House of
i" Representatives: j j
I hereby congratulate you upon
the peculiarly favorable circum
stances under which you assemble.
The affairs ot the State are in a
most satisfactory conditioni Noth
ing I can say can more clearly set
forth this fact than does the report
of the State treasurer, It must be
a source of gratification I to i this
faithful officer, upon retiring from
office, to know that he'leaves in the
treasury nearly a million of dollars.
The reports of the treasurer an
auditor show, that there was cash
in the treasury on the 1st day of
December, $947,068.56. !Or! this
amount, the sum of $926,086.98 be
longed to the general fund, and is
applicable to the ordinary expen
ses of the State government, j. j j
REPORTS OF THE EXECUTIVE OF
FICERS. . - j i -
T liaroevitri atrt(1 ttlA renftrtS Of the
treasurer, auditor, secretary of State
and superintendent of publican
rmntinn. Thev will CiVO VOU iu
detail the operations of the differ-
ent departments, aim u inem uu-
voxe your earuest aiwuuuu. j j
REPORTS OF THE INSTITUTIONS.
I also send herewith the reports
of the boards' of directors of the
three Insane asylums, of the pent
tentiary, the report of the trustees
nf thn institution for the deaf and
dumb aud the bliud, the report of
the commission for tue completion
of the Western Insane asylum, the
report, nf the State board of health.
and the report of the quarantine
. o . o -mi fWlf .
physician at amitnvuie. iuo re
ports of the adjutant general aud
. . . . in i
the State librarian are likewise
herewith submitted.
These reoorts show in detail the
condition and operations of the va
rious charitable and penal iustitu
tions of the State, and of the other
institutions ana interests oi wuicn
Miav treat. These institutions merit
your careful investigation, b jth on
account of the revenues mey re
quire aud the work they perform.
EXPENSES OF THE STATJs t iu V
;; ERNJEENT. --
It will be seen bv the report of
the auditor that the entire expendi
tures lOr VUe USUal JWl cuuiug
November -30th, 1884, were $785,-
641.78: but this amount embraces
several items which are nor proper-
. si sa
ly chargeable to tne expenses m
the State government proper, be
cause the funds from which j those
items are defrayed are not raised
by general taxation, and therefore
ought to' be deducted- " ! '
These items are as follows; t
Expenditures hy agnooltaral department I 40.000.00
Interest paid oa renewed opnstractioa
bondsofNorth Carolina railroad. 125.700.00
Amount paid on oonstructioa of Gwroni l
or's residence, 1U.5N50W
There was also the nnoaaal exponas in
eorrod in the tmblkaukm of The Code,
and which will not bo incurred again tor
from btaiesruio to iiinmuHt
. j a i - ! -M
3;
oars, and therefor should also be de-
Tho general statement of i785.6UJ7S also
20.619.5S
embraces some expenses incurred io the .
- fpawopinent wf the State Guard during
paid for oat of special rand arising
r tlrom the sale or old arms and by appro
: pnataon of the general gorenunont,
t , amounting to : .
me owe exposition, and which
S.12353
n2 ...... . ' ' . t2l4,OUI
otuwuub; ueao uems rrom tne general
expenses as abore stated, we bare for
; the Bsosi and ordinary axnenaaa attKm
I State goTornjnont proper. fSTOinJT
ESTIMATED EXPENSES FOR THE
j NEXT TWO- TEARS, AND THE
! i TAXATION TO VEST THEX. i
The treasurer and the auditor
substantially agree in their esti
mates of the expenses of the State
government tor the fiscal years end
ing November 30th, 18S5, and No
veniber 30tb, 1886. Tieir estimate
is about $590,000 per yeaiyor $1,
180,000 for the two years.. for which
you are to provide. It is but. na
tural that as the State increases in
population and wealth, that there
should be a corresponding increase
in I expenses. Actincr i nnnn thin
theory, and upon . the idea that
there will be an increase in the ap-.
propriations. a moderate estimate
of the necessary expenses f a these
iwp years will be $625,000 oer vear
or $1,250,000 for the two years.
wnica should be provided for. To
meet this the treasurer had cash on
hand, ou November 30th, 1884,
$926,086.98. The receipts from
sources other than taxes on proper
ty amounted in the aggregate the
last year to $176,933.95. There is
some increase in the receipts from
cms source because it is a tax upon
the business of the State, and that
is steadily increasing. So it is safe
to; calculate that receipts from this
source will not be less than $175,
000 per year, or $350,000 for the
two years. A tax of ten ceuts on
the hundred dollars' worth of pro
perty will raise $200,000. ! These
amounts added together make the
total receipts for the two years,
$1,476,086.93, which will be ample
to meet all the expenses of the
State government for the two fiscal
years ending November 30tb, 1885,
ana November 30th, 1886, and have
quite a large surplus left over. So
it will be seen that every sueires-
tion I shall make in this message
in the waycf an increase in expen
ses may lie adopted with j safety,
and still permit the rate of taxa
tion to be kept very low ten cents
on tue hundred dollars7 wortb of
property for the year 1885, and
twenty five cents on the hundred
dollars' worth thereafter, f i.
I cordially concur iu the wise re
commendation of the treasurer that
only a tax of ten cents on the bun
dreu dollars' worth of property be
levied and collectnl for the year
1885, aud that the counties be giv
en the benefit of this low irate to
get out of debt. ; , t i j
Under the constitution the power
of the counties to levy taxes is
limited to twice the amount levied
for State purposes unless thelegis
lature sanctions a higher rate. I
therefore suggest that yon insert in
the revenue bill a general provision
that the justices of the peace and
county commissioners of such coun
ties as may be in debt, may add to
the State levy enough for? couuty
purposes to bring the amount levi
ed aud collected np to the consti
tutional limitation. In this way
many counties, which are now em
barrased. will be able to pay their
debts without increasing taxation
in the aggregate. 1 i
THE FUNDED DEBT.
The new consolidated four er
cent debt is $2,803,790.25. Old
bonds still outs anding, $2,909,-
600.00. j
The act under1 which these bonds
could be funded expired on'the 1st
day of January, 1885, and jit i for
you to consider whether the time
OLD BONDS TAKEN UP
AND BURN-
I. ED.
f -
11507100 00
! 232904500
j 2 79130000
Forty oer cent elan.
Twenty-fire percent class.
fifteen per cent class.
Total taken op. 9 62744500
I For which there has been issued
in consolidated bonds, beating in
terest at four per cent as stated
above, $2,803,7965. f f
j i There has been exchanged of the
construction bonds, issued for the
construction of the North Uarolina
railroad, $,030,000, leaving still out
standing, $765,000. r . I
j ( There is no limitation as to this
act, and I presume these bonds will
eventually be brought in for ex
change. . f r
FISCAL YEAR. ; .
The fiscal year of the State gov
ernment and all the institutions
whs chancred bv the act of 1883 to
begin and end on the 30tb of No
vember. The trea? urer, however,
held that the appropriations for
the institutions did not run with
the fiscal years for such institu
tions, and hence you will find some
confusion in the reports, which it
was made necessary ! to I explain.
1 earnestly advise that in' making
the annronnations tor tne institu
tions, you make them all for fiscal
ar. and that thev all be made to
becin and'end on the 30tb day of
November each year. ! f
THE, CODE. i
This mnch needed work, as you
will learn from the report of the
secretary of State, was put in the
bands of the county omcers tue lat
ter nart of the year 1883. It is a
plain, intelligent, well-arranged
compilation of our statute law.
The people and the officers are no v
familiar with it. and I unre mat it
be amended and changed as little
as possible. Iu Tact, no cnange
should be made unless the necessi
ty for.it is clear and beyond dis
pute.: . . ' ".: . . !.
THE COURTS, j
Th crowded condition of our
rWtPf. with acred suits and the
long delays in obtaining a trial, are
A frenerallv known, and in some
ran n ties have become such intoler-
ahln Avils. that the necessity for
some act ion on your part is imper
afirn T t h arpforo ree w my re
commendations, made to the legis
tatnAf 1881 and 1883. An in
crease iu the number of judges of
the State is so imperatively ue-
manded, that I do not think It cau
be longer delayed with a proper
regard for the best interests of
the State. A State it but an a",
gregation of individual-, with oth
er interests to be fostered, guarded
and protected by the State, as well
as economy in taxation. The wise
legislator, while never losinsr sirrht
of the question of taxation, must
see that toe other interests of the
citizen received proper attention.
The interests of the various coun
ties of the State and their expendi
tures should have no less nrotec.
tion at VOUr hands - than thn tvrnen.
ditures from the State treasnrv:
and to multiply the expenses of the
i A. a eeiaai . ...
counties ior jau lees .witnesses,
special terms of the courts, in the
hope of savin e a few thonsanrl dnl.
lars to the State treasury, is, to
say the feast of it poor political
economy.- ' : . . i
It is not less unwise, to leave the
citizen for the sake of saving j him
a zew aouars in taxes, to abandon
his rights in the courts altogether
or to have to pay these huge bill of
costs that the suits of years stand
ing accumulate. v, jj ;
Society must look to the nonrtn
to right its wrongs and to punish
evil doers. The delay in the trials
of criminals, which now prevail In
the State, is do t tine tho law-abid.
ing spirit of our people to a severe
iesi; ana l regret to know that a
few communities have not I been
able to stand the tesL Publie con.
demnation of lynch law cannot be
noo severe, nor tne punishment of
persons eucaered in ittooavirt hnt:
it is not quite the thing) for those
to sit in judgment upon them who
refuse to aid in establishing ! anffi.
cient tribunals for the trial of theao
and other criminals.' In mr onin.
ion, the legislator who refuses to
provide sufficient courts to right
the wrongs and adiust the claims
of communities and citizens speedi
ly ana promptly, assumes a grave
responsibility. The number of
Superior court judges was reduced
ten years ago from twelve to nine.
During that ten years there has
been a wonderful increase in the
population and business interest of
me state, .worth Uarolina is a
very different State from what it
was ten years aero. If nine were
sufficient then, "twelve would be
insufficient now; and I recommend
yon make the number not less than
twelve. .
''V SALARIES.
" .fjO . . e m "'
relieving . me tune has r come
when the State can afford i to do
ustice to her public servants I re-
commend a revision of the salaries I
paid to the public officers.; The
present compensation is in most i
cases not only inadequate, j but is
unequal. ror example, tbej State
treasurer receives twice as much as
he. State auditor, twice as much as
the superintendent of. public iu- r
struction, five hundred dollars
more than the chief justice of the'
Supreme court and as much . as the
Governor. It seems' to me that a
moment's study of the duties of
hese several officers must convince
auy one that either the salary of j
one is too low. or the other too
high. The auditor's duties are set
out in section 3350 of the Code,
aud they are numerous and impor
tant. .Not a dollar cau go into the
treasury or out of it, except npon .
his warrant. To require the work
imposed by iaw upon him to be
done for fifteen hundred dollars is
to lower the importance of the ofTj
thee that is appointed by law to, le
a check npon the treasury. i i n
The office of superintendent of
public instruction is rapidly assume
ing that place in public esteem
which it deserves; and the great
educational awakening that is
going on in this State is largely
due to the work that has been done
by this officer. Ho is appointed by
aw. to supenntend a system that
undertakes the education of half a
million of children, and to direct,
in a measure at least, the mover
ments and methods of the noble 1
army of teachers engaged j in this
great work. -What an exalted '
office ! What a field for useful-:
ness I What a responsibility ! And
the State pays for this work the
paltry sum of fifteen hundred dol
lars. So, too,.! might comment I
on the duties of the office of thia,
Secretary of- State the j record
office and the office of attorney
general, the law office of the State.
The Supreme court passes in
final judgment not only upon the
taxes of the people but npon their
lives, their liberties aud their prop
erty, as well. Its chief and asso
ciate justices, it is hoped, J will al
ways rank, as now, among our
purest and "most distinguished
jurists ; for, come what may, the
people are safe as long as meir
judiciary is pure and capable. To
. .. . . ? ai:. 1(9i....
these hign iuncuonanes tue ;ouue
pays twenty five hnndredidollars.
The labor, re8iKnsibility,anxiety
and attendant expense of the Gov
ernor's office is incomparably
greater than that of any other
office in the State government, and
vet he receives only an equal com
pensation with the treasurer. j
i bave compared uieae salaries
with that of the treasurer, not that
I would underestimate the duties
and responsibilities of that very
imjiortaut office, or that- I am
wanting in appreciation ot tue val
uable services rendered by those
who have filled it, or that I Miee
the salary fixed to the office is too
high,, but to showhow illogical and
unequal the salaries, as now regu
lated, are .. it seems to me the sal
aries ought to be graded as follows:
1. The Governor should receive,
the highest salary paid to any offi
cer. .--: -! h
2 The chief justice the next.; u
3. The associate justices' vthe
next. I j:" . "
4. The ' secretary of . state, the
auditor, the treasurer, the attorney
general, the superintendent of pub
lic instruction, and tbej, Superior
court judges, should all receive the
same. . r ,". '"'."'':. V'j f 'l
. f CONTINUED ON SECOND "AOE.
i - .
1 t
I M
. 1
if ;
N4
fadt; am
stunk with the foulest