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F.I IBT 1M5.1
S E W H ERI E.M, NO. ,
CRORCE
WASHINGTON.
D.kUeatlon of the
.Great Monument- -A
! st Muultude and
a Gala Day lu
: -the N.tioual
CapitalMilitary and
i i ! i .... . 1
Clvle ParadeImposing Maonle and
Other Ceremonies. - .- :.
r Washington,! February 21.
v With I lie mercury ilown almost to
j 4er. :uil with) rt northerly breeze
which bore an Arctic itugeMtioit,
f tfte sprinkling uf ticket-bearers
f vjrbo li;in to ftll up the seats of
the grand stsuid at the baeoi the
Washiutou mouumetit at ten
9clock this morning did notappear
t t9 be bent iiMiu pleasure, but with
their upturned collars, muffletl
?hins and quick, uervous tnove
; Bieiits, tfiey Keemed as it inspired
!(vla steru sense; of duty alone. ;,
: A rough board shed' bedecked
witfi tmiitiiirr, ojwiiing UHn, the
Htv coyereU Heia; a shaft f mar
1 1 l 1: i..' I ' ':
, F . - J
aj stic and! as towering its the
iar.ictr of the man it comiiiemo
ijes, wer elemeiitsof early seen.
A YENERABLK RELATIVE.
Tlw first : distiucruishetl arrival
c siuioie. uh uiisiMiTieo. h
Viis an old geutle nan with long
i hite hair, hose firm, clear cut
futures betfayed a i possible re I a
tionsliip to the Father of bis Couu
I "Ticket, sir."
. -
"I am of the
Washington kin
tired, but I will
sho w my ticket," .
E . i
It was Ebeuezer Burgess Ball.
L. union a 'county, Virginia.
My 'grandmother." said, Mr.'
nBall, i George Washing
ijtouV niece. JJy grandmother Ball
.vas of the family of ixeneral
Vashiugton's mother, Mary Ball."
The I military arrived betimes,
lie brass bauds were in aish ailed
;io iUft places.- 'rue troops cam
ti 11 rit .in I KwtfjtiiP StliuPiiiMti
chairman ot the Joint Cougres
jsioiial Oomiuissioii, from the centre
stand, at 11 o'clock, callel about
cw-j people m omer auu saui somo
thing about the ople keeping
their hatK on. These remarks
were greeted,- with , lively stamps,
for the opMirtunity was a gotal one
to restore circulation to the chilled
limbs and extremities.
; SENATOR SHERMAN SPEAKS.
Senator sSherman theu proceeded
. to snak as follows: - t
'The commission: authorized b
the two houses of Congress to pro
vide'suitable teremouhtj tor the
dedication of the Washington mon
u men t direct me to preside and to
announce the onler ot ceremonies
deemed proper on this occasion. 1
' need iiot say! anything to impress
iiipon you tlii? dignity of the event
.you have met to celebrate. The
Lnonuuieiit speaks, for itself. Sim
" pie ui form, admirable in propor
tiou, aud composetl of enduring
marble and granite, resting npou a
. foundation broad and tleep, it rises
into the sky higher than any work
of human art. it is the most iro
posing, costly and appropriate
: niouiimeiit ever erected in honor of
one man. Jt, bad . its' origin in the
profound conviction of the peple,
Jrresp ctive of party, creeil, or
race; not only of this country, but
of all civilizetl countries, that the
name and . fame of Washington
should be pefetuated by a 'most
imposing testimonial of th nation's
gratitude to its hero, vtatesman,
and fathtfr. - j
I ''This universal sentiment took
form in a movement of private cit
izens under the name of the Wash
intoii National Mo .ument As.so
ciation, who, on the 31st day of
JaniiaryllUS, secured from Con
gress an act authorizing them to
erect the proposed lnonumeut on
this ground selectel as the most
appropriate site by the President
of the Uuited State. , Its comer
stone was ' laid : on the 4th day of
'July 184S, by tlm : Masonic frater
nity; with imposing ceremonies, in
the presence of the chief officers of
the Government and a multitude
of. citizens. j
1 , "It was partially 'erected by the
(National Monument Association
Iwith the means furnished by vol
; untary contributions of the ieople
of the United States. . j
. Oii the 5th day of Julyi 1 1876,
one hundred 'years after the dfda
ration of American imlepeudence,
Congress, in! the ! uame of the peo
pl of the United Statea,, formally
assumed ami directed thecmpte
tionof the monument. Since then
the fouudatitui ba beeu strength-i
eiied, the shaft .lias been steadily
mlvaticetl, aftl nbw the completed
structure stands before you. .
t 'lt was -a fit! memorial ofhe
greatest charaeter in human histo
rv. ! It looks down uimmi .scenes
'iiio.st lovwl by him im earth the
most conspicuous object in tlie
.laudscaite, full of oOjects deeply
interesting to the Ameriean iieople,
All eves turn to it, and all hearts
feel the Insiuratioti of its beauty.
KVinmetry, and grandeur. Strong
as it is. it will hot endure so long
as the memory lof him in whos
luuior it was built, but while-it
Ktaiids it will iua evidence to main
succeeding generations of the love
T and reverence of this generation
! 'for the name and fame of George
Washinitoii. "First in war, first
in heace. and first in the hearts of
his countrvmen. more even than
this, prototypeof purity, niauhoHl,
' and patriotism tor an lauusaiiu ior
till time. Without further preface,
I broceed to discharge the duty
n-iriiHl me." .
3 1 The Marine Band then playwl a
ishort piece, -fj music which was
PUi,.i..rMl almost inaudible by the
continual stamping of the shiv. r
7 Hiir ixrn irridience. - 5 v
; W.'W. Crerii Beark.
. ! A prayer was offered by lie v. Mr
..t..r. nf Christ church, Alexau
Odria, Va., andfDr. J. C. Welling,
President f Cblnmbia Uuiversity,
thereuiton read the address prepar
led bv Mr. W. W. Corcoran, to
.i.....V I.-...1 been assiarneil the
I honor of representing the part taken
f en in tbeinitiation of project and
,.i.rrm:tloll ot lUe muuuiueuir
- - I - I --.!-. - : . , : I I . : 1 ' 1 111 1 ' . .
ciety, of which he is first vice presl
dent. - i- ; . i
"It
'Uhat
has leen said," he began,
the fame oftho.se who sieiid
their Jives in the service of their
ttiuntry is better preservel by an
written memorials of the heart than
by any material, monumeut. The
saying is pre eminently true of the
man . j whom the oeople' of these
Uuited States must forever hold in
grateful veneration as one entitled
above all others to the honored
name! of Pater Patrice. Yet the
instinets of the heart do but follow
the impulses of our ihigher nature
when in honor of the mighty dead
they call for a commemorative col
umn or a stately mouumetit, not
indeed, to preserve th uame and
fame of an illustrious hero and
patriot; but to sigualizu the gratt
tude of generations for whom he
lalMred.
' The sjieaker described theeff.rta
which were made in Congress and
elsewhere, beginning the day after
the burial of General Washington's
remains, and repeated from time to
time during the next thirty years,
to combine public seutimeut in
support of some one of the various
projects which were mooted to erect,
a commemorative structure which
should be lasting evidence of the
sentiments of gratitu te and rever
eucej which filled the hearts of
Washingtin's countrymen. f
In September, 18.S3, a meeting of
the citizeus of Washington was
called to take the matter in hand,!
and on that occasion the Washing j
ton National Monument Society
was formed, with Chief Justice John
Marshall, theu seventy eight years
old, its president; John Crouch as
first! vice presjtlent ; and George
Watterson, who deserves to lie re
mem be red as the originator of the
movement, as secretary. The plan
adopted by the. Society was to sej
cure the assistance 'and unite the
v..luntar.v efforts of the people to
the country in the work, and t'
this end contributions were limited
to. the annual sum of oue dollar
from anyone person, riiecollections
on this plan amounted lu 1836 to
123,000, which sum was carefully
placed at interest,' and iu that year
advertisements were published iij
viting designs from American art
ists. . Many were submitted, and
from them one by Robert Mills was
Mdectedby the Society. In 1847
the Society's fund amounted to
87,000, the limit upon subscrip
tious, having leen removed, and
preparations for the . work of con
struction were begun. Congress,
by resolution, granted a site 011 any
of the unoccupied public grounds
of the city of Washi ngton, to be se
lectwl by the President of the
United States and the Monument
Society, which duty having beeu
performed,' 3 the corner-stone was
laid on the 4tb of July, 1848, in the
presence of the executive, legisla
tive, and judicial branches of the
Government, foreign ministers and
officers, and a vast', couoourse of
citizens irom an seciiousoi ioe uu
iotu Among guests on the .stand
were "Mrs. Alexander Hamilton,
then tiinetyione years old;; Mrs.
Dolly 1'aine Madison,! Mrs. John
Qniucy Adams, George Washington
Parke Curtis. Chiet Justice Tauey.
Lewis Cass,! Martin van Bureu.
and Millard Fillmore. I The i work
progressed steadily until '1854,
when he ,liaft' hail iachetl jthe
height of 156 feet; and had cost
$300,000. Th treasury "ot the; so
letv having now t)een exhausted.
a memorial was preseuteil to Con
gress, representing that no plan
which was likely to succeed fr-rioD
tabling further sums had beeufde
vised, and asking tat Congress
should take action in the matter.
Cim plica tiohs of a ioliticiiI nature
now arouse in the s.Kjiety, ami, in
(consequence, ai:tlon ; oy,.vjn gress
and further work ujmui the niouu
ment were for some years delayed.
In 1855 Congress gaye the Society a
formal charter, and efforts were re
. ' ..... -L - ..
newei"to secure iuims;jiui.i tue
condition of the country from fl 800
to 1870 rendered all exertions fu
tile. Bv 1876 measurable success
met the efforts of the Sinsietj', a
verv consiilerablesum haviagjbcen
promised b3 resixmsible iMHlies.
and the Society desisted from its
efforts only! when, on the 2d of A
gust of that year, an act oiston
gresaH appropriating 8200,0(M) to
continue the construcnon 01 me
monument had become alaw Of the
laud. Accpnling t the provisions
of the act jthe SK:iety transferretl
atnrotiveyed to the United States
ights,
111 (itie iorjii nil jn.ijn ii,,
and ;aseinents belonging
ia the monu nent. 'lt is
to it
glory
enotiL'Ii " siiid the'siMjaker iti
con
elusion, 'fjr theT Washington Na
tional Monument Society that its
pious labors, as put to the pr -of of
time, haver issned in , the uajestic
structure which stauds before us
to-ilav and it is glory enough for
the legislative and executive de
Mrtraeutsof the Government that
iu 'assuming nd directing tlie com
pletion of, the monument' on the
foundations laid by the people,
they haveatonce releeraelasaerel
iiutioiial lileilue and fulfilleil a sa
cred natiohalduiy by giving to thisO
irreat obelisk the ciilminattou ami
crowu with which it. towers alwve
the- earth and , soars heaven warn
like the fame it commemorates "
THE MASONIC CEREMONIES.
The Masonic ceremonies by the
n. . in 1 I-'mIitm of the District of
Columbia! which then J fill lowed,
were brief. The propel 5 function
aries declared that the square,
level, and plumb had been applied
to the obeliok and that its conu-rs
were found to lie square, its courses
level, its walls skillfully erect ed
a-ocordiug to the plan. Grand
Muster Mvron M Parker then
scattered com and iouretl out wine
mid U. emblems of riourishmeut,
refreshment, and joy; and iu the
.niirsM of the 111 v stic ceremonies
brought into use certain I historic
relies with which - Geueral , Wash
mf-tofi was intimately connected
Tim travel was nrepared 1 for and
nsetl by Genera-. Washington as
Graud Master pro tm. in laying
the ' comer stoue of the nation
Capitol on Sepmler 18,1703; the
sacred volume belonging to Fred
ericksburg Lsslge. No. 4, of Virgi
uia, tiMtii which ' Washington took
bis first vows of Masonry ; that lie
longing to St. John Lodge, No. 1,
of the city of New York, upon
which, 011 the 30th of April, 1781),
be took the oat i if office as first
.Piesideut of the United Staten;
the "Great Light" iMilougiug to
Alexandria Washiugtou Lodge, No.
22, of Alexandria, Va., upon which,
aaWorahipful Master, he received
vows of initiates ; the apron wrn
by him which was worked by Ma
daiiuv .Lafayette ; r the . golden urn
(H)iitaiuiug a lock of his hair, be
longing . to the Grand Ltnlge of
Massachusetts; the "Lesser, Light,"
oue of three Senu candles Utme in
Washington's funeral procession,
were exhibited. -. - I i:
Brief praier by the Grand
Chaplain, iuvukiug the blessings
of uoiirshment, refreshment ami
joy upou all who were a4eml.ll,
and resjKnise by the brethren, So
mote it tie. Amen," j Drought this
part of the proceedings to an end.
The address of the G rami Mas
ter concluded as follows: "Know
ye, all ye people, that we be Free
iu;mous, loyal ami true, citizens
obedient to law and order, and can
never las concerned iu plots and
conspiracies against true Govern
ments. . The immortal Washing
ton himself was a Freemason, and
devoted his baud, his heart, 1 his
sacred honor," and,' if need be, his
life, also, to the cause ot free lorn,
of conscience, of 8eech, ami of
action; and from his successful
leading has ariseu'this nation. To
him and to the memory of his
deeds a grateful people have erect'
ed this memoria in the capital
which he founded, and which (will
bear bis uame to the remotest ages
a monumeut towering ' alaive
other monuments as he towered
above other men." I " !
! .. I 1
COLONEL. CA8EY'S PRESENTATION
I - . SPEECH. :- . . I
To Colonel Thomas L. Ciaey,
Uuited States Engineer, was as
sigued the duty of presenting the
part taken by the General Govern
ment in the construction of the
monument aud of delivering jt toM
the President of the united Spates,
lie said the first really effective
procetslings in Congress wit!i a
view to the completion of the mon
ument were had 011 the 5th da of
July, 1876, on whieh day the chair
man (Mr Sherman) had introduced
in the Senate a concurrent re so I u
tiou referring iu terms to the cen
tennial of our national iudepen
deuce.. The resolution le(larel in
substance that Congress, In the
name of the peiple, at the begin
ning of the seco'Ml century of the
national existence assumed the di
rectiou and couipletin of the inon
nmeiit, and it instructed the com
mittees on appropriations to pro
lose a suitable provision of law to
carry the resolution into effect. The
result was the passage of an act
which appropriated 200,000 for
the completion of the monument;
provided fo -' the transfer to the
Uuited States of the ownership of
the, portion of shaft then built;
created a joint com in is ion to di
rect and supervise the construction
of the inonuiueut. From the early
days of the construction there had
lieeii apprehensions that the foun
dation was n -t of sufficient size to
sustain the columu if carried to
the height originally tlesigned. Iu
vestigations were made by capable
engineers, and the conclusions
urawu by them were to the ettWrt
t tat the existing foundation should
tiot be subjected to any additional
load whatever. I u 1878 an appro
priation was made to be expeuded
in giving greater stability to the
foundation, and the work was be
gun 111 January of 1879 ami tin
ished in May of 1880. The weak
ness of the old foundation la 111
the fact that it wasatoo shallow,
and covered an area of ground in
sufficient to sustain the pressure or
the completed work. The strength
ening consisted iu the enlargement
of the foundation by spreading it
over a greater area ami sinking it
to a greater depth in the earth. As
completed the new foundation
covers two aud a half times as much
area and extends thirteen and a
half feet leier thaii the old oue.
The pressures on the earth Iteueath
the foundation are nowhere greater
than the experiences of years have
shown this earth to h able to sus
tain, while the strength of the ma
soury in the foumla'ion itself is
largely iu excess of the strains
hi our lit u noil it. The stability of
this base is assuied against all nat
ural causes exempt earthquakes or
the washing out of the sand ImmI
beneath the foundation The firsr
marble block was set in the shaft
on the 7rh of August, 18S0, aud
the last stoue was place t, at ia level,
of 500 feet, on the 9th of August.
1884, thus consuming four se isoiis
in finishing 4he shafti. The top
most stone of the pyramidion was
set 011 the 6th of Decern her, 1H84,
thus essentially completing the
I obelisk. The masonry, construct
eI by the. Government, is the best
known to the engineering art, aud
thH weWht is so distributed that.
Kulriected t wind-iiressure ot 100
INiunds ier square biotm any face
corresMinding to a wiiui velocity
of 145 miles per hour, the monu
ment would have anarue factor of
safety against overturning. The
ii.Mrtil has a fine 'grain, is close
and compact in texture,' free from
disintegrating impurities, ami in
this climate will endure for ages.
- Iu conclusion, Colonel Casey
said : "Alt lough the dimensions
of the foundation base were origi
nally planned without. due regard
to the tremendous torces to ih
brought into play ! in building so
large an tiltellsk, the resources of
modern engineering scieuce have
supplied means" for the coinpletiou
of the grandest monumental col-
GREENSBORO, y. p., TUESDAY, MARCH 3,
linns ever erecteU 111 any-age tA
ie worm, iu jiu proNrtious the
ratios of dimensions .f the several
parts uf the aucieiit Egyptian oUe
bsk have been carefully followed.
The eutire height! has been made
slightly greater: thau ten times the
breadth of the base, prNludutf an
obelisk that! for grace and delie-io.v
of outline is not excelled by sny of
tne larger I Egyptian -monoliths,
while in ; dignity (and grandeur it
surpasses any J that can le I meii
tioned . . J- j j
"Mr. President : For and In lie
half of the
Joint Commission fur
the Completion of the Washington
Monument,
column.".
1 ! deliver to you this
tne remarks of the varum
apeakers wf re inaudible, but puff
of steam fr)iu their inoutlis was
evidence that tlie proceedings were
tw:ug carrieU on aceordiug to pro
gramme; and at every Jittle inter
mission the auditors stampetl up
nvingly. i j- .'.uy.m
PRESIDENT ARTHUR'S ADDRESS.
- j President Arthur was greeted
with a niiind of hearty cheers. I
tie read his remarks from in an u
script iti a
.whieh the
clear,
strong voice, to
audience
listened more
fagerlyVthan to the wonls of anv
other Seaker. lie said: !!
"Fellow-countrymen, tiefore the
dawn of the century whose event
ful years will soon have faded into
the past w lien death had but late
ly robbed his Republic of its most
luloved and illustrious citizen the
Congress of;i the United 1 States
pitdged the faith of the nation that
in this city, bearing his'-- honored
name, audi then, as now, the seat of
the Geueral Government, a monu
ment should ! be erected to com
meiuoratej the great events of his
milit try and political, life! Tlie
stately-column that stretches heav
enward from the plain whereon we
stand bears witness to all who be
hold it that the covenant which our
fathers made their children have
fulfilled, j In th 'completion of this
great work of patriotic endeavor
there i abundant cause for! nation
al rejoicing; for while this struct
ure shall endure it shall be to all
mankind I a steadfast tokeu of
the affectionate and reverent re
gard iu which thiseople continue
to hold the memory of Washington.
Well may he ever keep the foremost
place iu the heart ofhisooiiiitry men.
Faith that never faltered, wisdotn
that was hroader and d-e per than
any learning taught in schools,
coinage that shrank from no ieril
and was I d ismayed by .110 defeat,
loyalty that kept all selfish pur
poses subordinate to the demands
of patriotism and honor, aagadty
tlt.it displayed itself in camp and
Cabinet alike, and alMive all, that
harmonious union of moral and in
tellectual qua! ties which has nev
er found! its; parallel anion mn
these -are attributes of character
which tjiej intelligent thought of
this century ascriited to the grand
est figure of the last. But olht r
and more eloquent lips than mine
will to lap; rehearse to I you the
story of his no'ile life and its glori
ous achievements To myself has
been assigned a simpler and more
formal duty, in fulfillment of which
I do uow, as President of the Unit
ed States and iu behalf of the peo
pie, receive this monumeut from
the hands jof its builders, and de
'dare it j ddicatetl from this lime
forth to the immortal name and
memory of Gerge Washing."
UHnj a 'signal from the chairman
(Senator Sherman) the assemblage
broke into cheers, the military
wheeled into line, civic bodies and
the distinguished participants iu
the proceedings of the day sought
their carriages, and the procession,
under the inarshalship of General
Sheridan,! took up its Hue of march
to the Capitol.
j The -Llae f March
Crossiug the monument grounds
to Seventeenth street the proe.es
Sion ! turiuu into i'euiisyivaiiia
avenue at the State, (War, and
Navy Department building ami
proceeded' to the Capitol. leiin
sylvaiiia avenue presented a Iwilli
ant s.etie during the progress of
the pageant. Thousands ol people
lined jthe sidewalks am! K2ctipieti
the grand stands that had beeu
erected on all of the reservations
along! the line of maicb. . Many
buildings were handsomely deeo
rated I with flags and long lines of
colored buntings. Although the
sun shone brightly and the air was
dry aiid clear, the temperature was
Uitiehf below freezing point ami the
spectators were c; mpelled to stamp
theirjfeet and indulge in gymnastic
exercises for relief, from the pierc
lug b'd. : It was alnnit lialfp.it 12
o'clock when the head of the pro
cession turned the corner of Fit
ieenth street and,, Pennsylvania
avenue aiid entered on: the maguif
icen hmad and straight! coarse of
a mile to the western boundary ot
w Capitol groumU. First iu rler
came . . " ? ) ! -1
LIEtJTENiNT GENERAL SHERIDAN,
United States Army; marshal of
the flay, j acoinpaniel, by his chief
of staff, Bngatlier General uniway,
United ! Spates Vlnnteer.s, and
twenty four aide de-camp, i 11
showy army unilorms. Following
were the memliers of his hoeorary
staff, representing the States a nl
Territorics Next iu order came
fit-st, trmips : J j
piaiLAbELPfllA CITY CAVALRT,
(oiganizeil iu 1774), Capt. E. Bnnl
Grubb commanding, which was as
nnr.iMl tit dutv as esrf to the
marshal of the day. This tnsp
was magnificently mounted,! with
uniform ! consisting of blue cape,
hit trousers, and metal helmet
with white plumes. The marshal
of I tli. First divisim was Brevet
Mm ior.Geiier.il It. B Avres, Uniteil
States array, who was accompanied
i. ia.. kiiies in artillery uniform.
Following in onler came three bat
taiiois; of regular United States
artillery, numbering several hun
dred tnu, a battalion of the United
States jMariue corps, aud the An-
( I i r , ' . ! 1 : ! : , 1 " '
ctent and Homiraiile Artillery Com
pany of Massachusetts (org.inize
in 103S). CaplHiu Augustus Whit
temore commanding. This attract
ed marked attention. Tlie peculiar
combinations of j auiforin-i of the
various branches of the service
caustnl inu h C4iitmeut. as did als.
the .large unmher of men in Hue
who bad pHsel th meriduii of
life. Nevertheless, their marching
was excelent; au 1 the evolutions bf
this coinnauv were rHWnUI. fiv
IUeral applause. , Aliout
men represented the
. " - - - - J
eigh
GOVERNOR'S FOOT QUAED.
of Coniiecti. ut (organized in 1771).
Major J. C. Kiiiuey commanding.
inis company ! was hamUoiuely
uuiforiued iu black anl scarlet,
marched well, and j altogether pre
sented a very creditable appear
auce I claims the honor of being
theoulv military organization that
has preserved an aetivn existence
of one hundred and fourteen years.
The German Fusileers, of Charles
ton, S. C, mustered alxmt 35 men
iu line, aud lore a inaguiticent ban
iier with the pabu tree device.
This company was organized - in
1775, and iscouimanded by Captain
Henry Schachte Another ancient
organization was the j j
RICHMOND LIGHT INFANTRY
BLUES, ; " j' !
which claims 1793 as the date of its
birth. Their blue, suits, hejtnet,
and white plumes made up a beau
tiful nuiforin, and altogether they
presented a soldierly appearance.
Next in ordsr came the Vasbiug
ton Light Infantry, Union Veteran
Corp..,, Washiugtou Continentals,
Eimiiet Guanl, Washington Kill -Corps,
Butler Zouaves, Washiugtou
Cailet Corps, Capital City Guanls,
National ; iK.tles, j and Lawrence
Light lutantry; Massaeh ssCtts
Volunteer Militia, Captain J. I E.
Blake comtiiaiidiiig. The last
named company j had about fifty
men iu line plainly but neatly uui
f imed in nine. The Detriot Light
infantry, of Michig 111, First Lieu
tenant George W. Coins command
ing, were greeted! with cheers find
with waving of handkerchief! all
fclo.ig the line of march. They
marched with precision, and their
evolutions were executed with jtna
chine like accuracy. Their iinitprin
was a striking combination of blue
and white with white shakos
The Washington High School Cad
ets in St. Johns Academv Cadet
Corps, of Alexandria, Va., closed
the Mrst oemsinn. '
The Second division was in
charge of ;j . J . .-!
MAJOR GENERAL FITZnUGH LEE.
i ' . id.
of Virginia. It was composed
mainly ot Masonic organisations
ami the persons i who participated
in the I ceremonies! of the Uay.
There were about sixty carriages
inline, including tho.se containing
the President and his Cabiiieti the
Diplomatic Corps, inernuers of the
Judiciar. visiting ' Governors and
Judiciary, visiting!
their staffs, Senators and
Be pre
srutative.s officers ot the army
and
navy, ami persons who had taken
part in tlie work :ii the monument.,
The Pre.sideut ami inaiij others
u.sed their private carriages' Those
provided for invited guests were
relieved ot a funeral aspect b be
iugj' decorated , with flagaS. The
Diidoiuatic Corps! was well repre
seuted, as was also the houses ot
Congre.ss. ' Nearly all the. local
Masonic organizations were repre
seuted in the line. They numbered
one thousand men; ami there were
as many more from neighboring
States, -i I f
Among visiting organizations
were the raiestine jom aaiwiery
. ' a- a '1 . .. f . ! I
Knight Templars, Trentoii, N. J.j
Grand Commander Knights Tern
plars ot Maryland; Grand 'Com
maiidert Knights Templars (f Virj
mia ; (. Alexandria Washington
Lislge, of Alexandria, Vt;; "Wash
iiigtou Lotlge No. 3, of Baltimore,
Mil.: St John's Lmlge No. .1, ot
if'
New York city. H
FKEDERICK&BUUG LODGE NO 4,
ot Fredericksburg. Va., am
j the
Grand Lislges of West Virgiuia,
f Michigan, ot Illinois, ot Del a
ware, of Maryland, if New York,
of. Virgiuia, of North Carolin i, of
Priius lvauia, of Massachusetts.
The rauks ot each of these, lodges
weie thiliitetl
considerably by the
cold weather.
All wore their lull
regalia' aud presented a flue ap
pearanee. Bands ot music j were
ilistributed liberally throughout
divisions. . Secretsrias MetJullH-.h
and Lincoln were in oae carriage
Seeretaiy Teller and Posturister
General Hatlou in another, and
Secretary Chandler ami . Atforuey.
General Brewster ill anotherl Jim
atrs Sherman and Bayard, who
sat iie-side ea h of her on the m ma
ment stand, isitupied the same car
ri ige in the procession. The Third
tlivisiou, which -was commanded iy
Brevet Briiralier Cieiieral W W.
Dudley as chief marshal, wjis oom
poied mainly ol Josts of the( Grand
A Pin V if thH Reouiilic ami the
civio organizations of the District
of Columbia. : Among the posts
represen ed in line were Itawlius.
Kit Car-son, Lincoln, Morbm. Bey
i. olds, Meade, Garfield, Bjiniside,
Sumner, and Farragut, niiinberiiig
in all aliout 1,000 men. TlieUnioii
Veteran Corps of the Dilstriet ot
Columbia acted as an eseoft to the
Cirand Army of the Republic.: The
Journeymen Stone Cutters' Asso
ciatioti,' cimMsel if men who cut
stone for the monument, tho V.il
. at f -
4ey Forge . Memorial Assm-iaiion,
and the As.soctali n oi r i siou
Lialit Guanls,; of Mass, chusetts,
which organizaii m includes in its
iiiemlMTshiii imtsoiis who partici
i.jtuil in laving the corner stoue of
the ' inoiiuiiient, were prominent
teaturesof this divisiou. j The re
mainder tf the division was com
poxed if teuqieraiice asstn-iations,
German organiz -itioiis, jiuouiited
clubs fioiii Maryland Virginia, jand
the District, and representatives
from the can-enters' uuiousof Bal
.i more aiid Washington. H
The Fire Department of the Dis
1885.
' - - ' i .-. -
met brought up the end of. the
line, and made a Very creditable
display. Several of the orginuza
tious Mere vheerel at various
Mints along the, route liecause of
their flue marching and military
bearing. The President was fre
quently greeted with cheers, jille
nsle iu an open banmche with
Secretary Freliughiiyseii and Mar
shal McMichael. j
j At th Capitol
The procession did riot reach-the
east front of the Capitol, where it
was reviewed by the President ' nn
lil 1:20. p. im. ' ' : -.; : j:
President Arthur, with' his Cab
inet, Senators Sherman and Haw
ley, memlters of the Diplomatic
Corps, and Marshal McMichaej 5
eupied a stand erected dirtetly in
front ot the east main entrance to
the Capitol aud facing the statue
of Washiugtou Between two and
three thousand eopIe were asseiti
blcil on the Capitol steps ami hut
rounding grounds, and tliW'f jwiii
dows of the Semvte ami House of
Representatives committee-hoiiis
overhxikiug the -review ground
were tilled with spectators.! ( 1 in
meiliateiy alter General Sbeiidau
and his aides passed the President
they nnlej to a Mint opisjsite1 from
which the General also reviewed
tlie priM-e-ision. The visiting j arid
local military organizations, us
they passed in review, were tortued
iu line jby companies, and Mlie
spectacle pre enteil was thej.fii.est
display of the diiys' priMtertUugs.
The glint of winter's suushitif up
ou the polished arms aiid bright
colors of j the uniforms lent ' sug
gestion of warmth which Was re
freshing to the sensibilities , of the
shivtrring spectators. The review
continued until 2 o'clock, wlieii the
President and his Cabinet repaired
to the President's room! in theiCp
itol, where they took lunch iltefore
proceeding to the hall of the'Iloilst
of Representatives. ;
At ten minutes! past 2 t
lie
Na
As
.
tion;li Washington Monument
SMcration vis- 'siiiiioiim-fil 'itn
me
the House, and headed by Hon.
W. W Corcoran, Judge BaiAiroft,
ami President Welling, of jlje Co
U'nbiau Uuiver.sity, it marclieil iu
anil took the seats assigi.ejll to it
iu frut and a little to the j eft of
the dpeiiker's desk. Shortli iafier
wauls General iSlieridau .;i;nd hi
staff entered amid loud clapping
ot hands, and their brilliant uni
forms tended to lend an air of 'gaily
to the scene. The President and
his Cabinet next appeared, juid tin
large assemblage rose and heartily
ap lauded as the Chief Excf'.utive
and his advisers passed down the
n.ain aisle and were aassigtied to
seats in the space directly In front
ol the j Speaker's desk. The Sil
preme Court; the Judiciary jof t he
District, ajid the DipIoiiiaticCorps
followed and flanked the Presideu
tial party, and at 2:30! o'elWk the
Senate, preceded by ! its JotBcers,
was escorted to the space reserved
for it. j I ts presiding officer (Mr,
E imuiids) proceeded to thtj Speak
er's desk, i where the! gavel was
courteously handed fo him by
Speaker Carlisle. In calling' the
assemblage! to onler, Mr. Ldmunds
naitl:-1 ;- " '' lil . 1,1
Gentlemen, ou are assembled,
pursuant to a concurrent order t
the two houses, to celeb ate the
memorial Occasion of the comple
tion of the1 monument to the mein
ory of the first Presideijtl of the
Uuiteil StiatesI It ; is mkdonly a
memoiial, but an inspiratitMi, that
shall live through all generations
of our posterity, as we utay hope,
and which we j this day iuanguraTe
ami celehrate iy ceremonies wnicn
have! .been' ordered by
houses. ! . ! J--
the two
Praver was then offered, ' by
the
Rev. S. A. Wallis, of L'oliick church
near jMt. Vennm, Va. i - j !
- The prayer being! ended jhe Ma
riue B.-iml statiouediri the mem
iiers1; lobliy played4 II ul Cyluiuliarr
and then Mr. Edmunds expressing
uis regret that Mr.f Wiiitjhrop was
neccessanlv! absent, iutroIuceI
Representative John D.
Massachusetts, who, ha
Long, of
iiig been
loudly applauded,1 proceeded
to
read: Mr. Wint limp's oratnm.
Mr. Long stMike from the Cle
rk's
desk iu an imnressive milliner and
in a voice which, though iiot loud,
was so clear as to reach iVery or
tier of the chamber Thef loqiieiit
passages of the speech ta-re deliv ,
eivil with fervor which elicited fre
qnent bursts' ot applause and as
Mr. Long rea!d the peiciration the
multitude broke iiuo a 4 storm of
applause. J j :-j ' I ,
On the right of f lie speaker were
seated the Chaplains ot the Senate
and Ileuse ami Rev Mrf Willlis;
while oil, his left sat lloii'j John -W.
Daniel, f Virginia, arid Senator
Sherman, chairman-of tfie.coiigrcs
sioual jobit coin mission j j.j f
. As Mr. L-i g ceased ! he band
struck up ''Columbia, the Gem of
the Ocean, - and as j the strains of
the air elided. Mr. dill Itlds llltM
dueed IlonJJohu! W, Diniel, who
was greeted with long continued
clapping of hands. 31 ri Daniel
proceeded to deliveMns oratloiiJ
Though having his 4 manuscript
on the desk befo-e himj Major Dau
iel referrel to it but oiice or twice
daring the course of -hits oration.
He sMike sil au easy manner, h s
v nee being finely ni dulated to
suit the iiieaniug of his sentences,
ami his speech j was aciviituated
ami emhisiz.-l by graeful ges
lures. Mauy tisiies was i he inter
rupted by rounds of applause, elie-j
ited by his clear cut; laud wellj
n danced 'peritals. and b.V hi- jeloj
quant style of uttering hem., ( As
he dosed Senator Edmunds and
Senator S.ienniu, Speaker Carlisle
and Representative Loa warmly
congratulated! him ; hile
once more the! .ludieiite testified
their appreciation of .the orator's
eloquence ':' ' ' " j
Alter .the benedMitinti by f the
Chaplain of the House the distin
guished guests departeM, and: the
Speaker called the Uoiiie to order.
fJX. R.
IVEKStSi
; North Carolina at the Exposislou.
H I - IXew Orleans PieayaiM.f 1
Tlie exhibit of the St-ate of North
Cannliua is a very rich and remark
able one. It is without doubt more
varied than that of any other State,
embracing as it does the pnalucts
of almost every section of the Un
ion. .- . - '.-' '!?": ' !
The exhibit is thoroughly classi
tied, and is arranged with much
taste and artistic skill. It is dU
divided Into the several depart
ments of gHlogv and mineralogy,
agriculture and fruit growing, for
estry and botany, manufactures
and industries, aud fisheries aud
taxidermy. I ...
In the ceutre of the mineralogi
cal division stands one of the most
eculiar and lieatifal structures
in, the entire Exposition.! It is an
ornamental pagoda, some twenty
feet liTgh, designed in the Pe s'au
style, witli a swelling ilpme. sup
Hrtel on pillars which stand on
an iN:tagonal foundation.l The en
tire ; structure, roof, - pillars and
fiedinieiit, are covered completely
with thin plates of mica, laid on in
patterns, ami presenting a brilliant
ami glittering effect. The! building
is unique. I;
Inside of it, displayed in glass
show cases, are the gems ami rare
and ! precious minerals which the
Statu affords. , Prominent among
them is the hiddenite, a riew gents
tlisfuivereil in 881. In the cases
in the pavilion are to lie peeii such
stones as emeralds, beryls, gar
nets, topazes, ky suite, vutile, tour
uialine, quartz crystal aud gold
nuggets.
. Passing out pf the mineral de
partmenr, a lofty Gothic structure,
with slender coliimui, pointed
arches and tail and tapering spire
pinnacled and ehoeketed in due
form, is reached. To all outward
appearance it is constructed of
straw, of the stacks of wheat, rye
ami ats so artistically oisposedaa
to conceal "T'litirely the wooden
framework mi which it is laid.
The ceiling is lined witlrVblue uieri
no, cloth, ami this is the only ma
terial usel iu its coiistruct'Ou which
does not show the products of the
soil. In this temple of; Ceres are
exhibited in the glass jars samples
of the grain products! such as
wheat, rye, oats. barle, rice, In
diau corn and the seeds rif sorghum
ami all the grasses.
Rangel rouml it are jfcottonand
hay in the bales; the celebrated to
liaeco in the leal ami manufactured i
for hich the old North' State is so !
distinguished; jute, peanuts, beans, ;
and various fieltl ami garden vege
tables. I v
The exhibits of wineif and dried
and preserved fruit.i are imHrtant
ami those of honey and silk tre ex
tensive ami interesting.
In. the department of Forestry
aud Botany an excellent exhibit is
to le Keen. There are 100 sjwei
mens of timber, embracing a large
variety, and 2G0 drug plants iu the
form of roots, leaves fund barks,
foraiiug a fine collection, from
Wallace Bros., of Statfsville.
The tnrpeiuiue industry, which
is one of the most characteristic ot
North ('aroliua, is exhibited iu a
very complete way.
Iua word. North Carolina has
all the facilities for supporting a
'e'ry' large xipulatipu as lsth the
means for affording sin- abundant
subsistence ami the fuaterial fur
furnishing a great variety of valu
able and profitable industries are
to be found iu the bosom of its soil,
iu its seas and in the heart of its
great mountains It is at once an
agricultural mineral and manufac
turing State, with great facilities
in each department. r
The following cera prise the staff
in charge of the exhibit: Judge
;eo. Howard, U. S. Commissioner;
P. M. Wilson, Acting Csmmission
erj T. K; Biuiier. in charge in ab
seuce of Acting (Joiumissiouer,
Preston Stamps, in forestry de
pariiiieo.t; Tlios. Clark, in fishery
department; -W. E. Hidden, iu mill
era logy departmem; Ci'rles Arm
strong, in placer mining depart
ment; Dr. Blum, ill agricultural di
vis. on. - I .
Lincoln' Reljgoiie
-Ben. Perlejr Ppore. -Mr.
Lincoln's religious opinions.
have been rue subject ol' much dis
ciissiou since his death. E'liinent,
during a long and eventful life, for
liis kindness of heart and his gen
emus sympathy for the opinions of
all men of whatever station in life,
be listened to the discussion upon
religions subjects tli it were forced
Upon him, even liyj zealots, with
patient politeness; ami liecause he
did not combat them, however ex
travagant, each' one si honored af
jterward came clamoring before the
public to be recognized as the rep
iresentative of the president's per
a. i.ial views on this-subject. Hence
the contradictory assertions that
he was an atheist, an inuVcl.ortho
dox, or disbeliever, according to
each one's own peculiar faith.
History-will little reckon what
were Piesideut Lincoln's religious
views. The nation, toj whom his
name aud memory! are j dear, care
nothing for what he may have said
t presumptuous religious zealots,
or what religions zealots nray have
said to him. The people of this
great laud of ours, who fondly cher
ish.the recollection oftlm acts of
kindness of him who, with malice
toward none and fcharity for all,"
deVoied his life to the interests ot
imnkiud, will care little for his
sectarian views oh religion, liis
great heart of sympathy for all
mankind has won! the Ioe of mil
lions, who have no anxiety as to
whether bis opinions were hereii
cal or orthodox, measured by the
standard of religious bigots. That
he had faith in the great principles
of Christianity, that he exemplified
them in his "lifej--that he taught
them in his family, that he im
pressed them on I his ; children, arc
facts established beyond cavil or
questiotu
ntMET, Edlr Jt Prprltr.
Sl-SO Per Year, la Ad
A Famoua Womii at Seen at Iloxa
Her Undying Lore !
PhildelphUTinM.l if
Just firty years ago, im the 5'th'i
f March, 1845, ? Mrs. James K. 1
Polk entered tlie White House at
Washiugtou as the wife of the
President arid chief lady I of the
laud. She i had - reached ,eVen be-)
yond the full, noon-tide of herj
years, as more than forty! ji:i.;-;eraS
had entered into t ha story of her;
honored life. Few of the " people;
of the present have persoual recol
lections of the gentle grace and:
easy dignity with which she shonej
in the circles of the nation's I most!
cultured men and women of that!,
lay 'but the : pleasar.t traditjoj of
the vy hue Douse that , makes the!
name of Mrs. Madison illustrious!
as the most beloved of the early
mistresses ot the home of tlie Pres
ident is supplemented: by tlie liu!
gei ing, memories and oft reieated
tributes iu every section of the
land which tell of the well merited
and more lb in generous homaire "
paid to Mrs. Polk wl.i'e presiding"
as the central figure of the social '
jewels of the republic She well
coined at her hosjitable boarl the
Clays, the Webs ters, the CaljiounsJ
the Beiitons, the Bells, the iBuch-l
auaus of our history, aud in all the!
bitter conflicts, of. the disputing
giants of the last generation thell
more than respect that grows Into
the reverence of affection was com s
matided from all by the lady'of the
White House., Sobti after the re
tiremetit of her honored husband
from the highest ciVil trust of the
world he was suddjenly called, in
the full vigor of his life, to join the
great .majority , beyond, arid the
whole nation mourned the common
bereavements it suffered f bv the
death of James K. Polk. Wid
owel and alone, Mrs. Polk fitted
vue dreamless couch of the dead in i !
the green lawn that froutett their !
Ieautiful home in Nashville and.'!
there the ashes of her lord Hinise, ';
iu daily view of one whose -'file has j
h id a single sorrow that makes all
ther sorrows fade into forgetful : 7
ness. Uuforgettiiig as if I uu for
gotten, the modest canopy that
covers the tomb of her buried love
is the shrine to which go out the ii
evotiotis of each succeeding day, j
ami the room iu the homestead !
where the ex president sank calmly ji
into the sleep of death has stood !
uualteretLaiid unoccupied, save as ;j
widowed love returns to the altar if
f blighted but unwearied aflec-, !
tiou. thus while a full generation !
las come and gone has Mrs. Polk
kept faithful vigil over her hus- j
baud's d list-and her husband's-!
lonor. She has seen ten Presidents1!
ollow Mr. Polk in. the chair he so
wo thil filled, ami is likely to' see
the eleventh successor before the
ong halt tdtali come. j i !;
Qf all the women of the land the I
widow of James K. Polk has long !
een accorded the largest measure i
f t lie nation's resjiect and rever- f
eucek While ever faithful tojhe I
one bright memory of her long and )f
rTl. ..t. . . i '. L r
teauiiiui uie, sue uas umue ineuu
ami stranger, old and young, high
and low, welcome to her hospitable
home, and the visitor to NashvUIe
who does now cross the threshold
of Mrs. Polk's home and receive
her welcome, is forgetful of oue of
the most delightful opportunities
Every day her house bears the
meeting ot the journeying strau-j
ger, auu lue origin iaces oi cuiiu
IuksI, of earlyman and j woman
IkhnI, and of riMued'age come and
go as the. grand old lady smiles
iifMin them with the weight of more
than tour score years upon her, I
saw her iu the midst ot a large re
ception she had given toj Philadel
phia ladies, and although bowed
with age ami unable to stand wtth-
uit support, she was sprightly as
any ot 'he many accouiplisueu.
ladies Who assisted in her queenly'
hospitality, and- her unclouded
memory and unabated Interest iti
public men and events i made her
ever
the ceutre
of attraction
for
all.
i i
Moap thai Uruw ou free a.
TIUbuM FioridUo!
There are. a number ot soap trees
growing in Tallahassee. In the
yants'of Dr. G. Wv Betton aud M r. J
Phillip Sullivan, the foiiiicrou Mo
Cany and the latter i on Duval
street fine specimens of this' tree, -in
bearing, may Ins seen They are ;
prolific fruiters, the berries lieiug
about the size of au ordinary mar-,
ble, having a yellowir.h soapy ap
pearance, with a hard! black seed,
Irom which the trees are propagat
ed. Parties here IhmT jthe frait to
make soap, lut Judge A'aii Valk
euburg says iu China,! Japan and
other tropical coiiutrM'skhe berries
are used as a substitute for soap
just as they uro taken from the -trei
s. '- V '' Hf - ' " j !i
I ateniiil-Reveauc giatUtic.
Collections of internal revenue
(luring the first seven months of
the fiMral year eudiivg June 30,
18S.", were !fir,U,317j as against
!jiii'J,902,07.S during tliejsairiplierio!
o tiie previous fiscal y ar, b. iiiga
decresise of 1,021,3321 - There was
au increase of $301,505. in the col
lection from fermentrd Iiquorsa
decrease of $i.4(JJ.790 on spirits ; a'
decrearw- of 185,(i85j on tobacco,
and a decrease of $274,441 from
in i see I la neons sources j, j
DestitMtlou In We.tj Virginia. I
There have been reports for some
time past ot great
lortious of. the count
Braxton, Calhoun am
distress in
ies of; Lewis,
Gilmer, W. j
Va. The d. stress has been caused
by crops being ruint'd last summer
by drought, and unusual .'severity
this winter. Whole neighborhoods
of Mople are actually famished for
want of proper foid and a large
amount of stock of
jilt kinds have !"
died. The Legislature Las taken
mcasnres to relieve
the suficrcrs.
)uring the first (sixty. years of
its existence, the United States in
creased in area front Slirt.OOO toa,-1
02S,000 square miles; an the pop ;
illation Atom 4,000,000 to 53,IMHi,.
ouo. ,
' it
r' I -
f
i J
5
1 by the Washington Mouument'So
! . - i " : 1 I , i
':.: -J - v I
'i. :
I
;..