pVpUSHf n I V IMDUl k lilNCHAH.
v y
I'M
' The V . ...n.n CoiiU i pullwhed every ues-j
Air, tiTif::rn I)t)LLATt3 per annum, payable at the
i'kl of eve rklx months. ..7 '"' :ii
0T)?vro paper mill be discontinued until all arretes
re paid, unlet at the discretion of the editors;" ,
"Whoever v. Ul lecomci rcnp6nnlhle for the pitymcnt of
fiine pspera, 'aha3 receive a tenth gratii.' .. V'.yf
i,rXirt!?Ti''WETa v.111 be inserted, on the custonjary
'""tfcfma. . '""'--;v ",".-, -Jt - t
No advertisement inserted until it has been paid fo
eftts payment assumed by some person in this town, or
-ill XUA '7. rZ- ... . I.... ... i.. ... i. . i i . in i mi i
CfAU letters to tlie editors must btptt-paul, or the? I
kill net t ttteMcd to. V . - - H
1
HIE SIIU'WBECK (ax tXTBacT) ir mid arao',
Then rcis from aea to iky the wild farewell i
-'Then shrieked the timldasd itood till thffbrave
Then some leaped overboard, with dreadful yell,
... Aa eagei to anticipate their grare ,
.And the sea yawned around her Eke a hell,
-J And down she nicked with her the Whirling1 ware,
like one woo grapple wito lus enemy,
'- And strives to strangta him before he die.
And first one unircrsal ahriek there rushed,
7 Louder than the loud ocean, like a craah
: Of echoing thunder, and then all wu hushed,
"Save ' wild wind and the ronorielesa dash
f 7 Of billows i but at intcrvali there guah'd,
f 1 11 Accompanied with a convulsive splash,
. A solitary ahriek, the bubbling cry
Of some strong swimmer In his agony.
capital to rectify. All that will to requisite is.
little more of that industry, of which our far'
men hare already to much t or that" industry
ittle differently directed. It is not by great and
splendid particular improvements,' that the inter
ests of agriculture are best tubWrved, bulJby a
generaland gradual amelioration. - Most la done
forTculture, -.when every farmer is excited to
small attentions and Incidental improTcments
pucb as proceed, for instance, from the constant
ippficatibh ofrfewTpTaTa andconimon principles
Such arethat, in farming, nothing ahoqld be
lost, and nothing should he neglected that every
thing should bej'dohe InifspfbpeV"tirae every
(hiSg puTIHTtTpro ; every ilungcze-
cuted with its proper instrument. These-atten
tions, when viewed in their individual effect, seem
small t but they are immense in the ojrgregate.
When they become general, taken in connection
vvith IhV&spoMtions whtcb precede, and the con
sequences which inevitably follow such a state of
improvement, they include, in fact, every thing.
Scope of view, in a general sense, has relation
to the wise adaptation of means to their final ends.
When applied to a farmer, it implies the adap
tation of all the buildings and parts of a farm to
-4- rt:
V txurxsn szroftB nra xiiiicartrm aeaicrL-rvKii s.
; . . cistt, at fa aaisarroar clrrta snow, oct. 1819,
9 :jtiJUJo$lw$ULxr
' In executing .the task as?!gned ne, I shall ad-
'' 'T ' .!! i " ' - .i'" . '
v xjress myseii.CDieuy.to mat great Doayoi our
countrymen, who are emphltTcally called wauh
eas. By . which I. mean 'the, great body of the
yeomanry j men,' who stand upon the soil and are
identified with it for there rest their ownhpes,
and there the. hopes of thdr children. -' Men, who
. have for the most part great Xaraiyandjimall
.'pecuniary resource; menwho are esteemed
jgnore for .their land, Cthan, for, tbe,ir money;
; more for their good tense i than "for their land ;
-und more for their virtue than for either men,
who are the chieftftrength, support and column
of our poliJcHtociety, and who stand to the other
orders of th& stateYjn .the ; same relation 'which
the shaft bajlto thettillar j in respect of whom,
all otherarts, trades snd professions, are but or
namental work ; the dbrnice, the frieze, and Che
raeitic animals have Lv. play tcuni the man
slon t and the poultry are roostinj on the window
stools, the geese strutting sentry at the front door,
and the pig playing puppy in tlie entry j the pro
prietor of such anabot!e tnsy tsil "himself I far
mer,; but practically speaking, ho is' ignorant of
the A D C of his art- -1 or the first letters of a
faraerYtf phabc t arfiieatnes jrc6mrort,ordc r.
Vs wf) proceed to tho farm,. we will stop one
moment at the barn yard We shall aay nothing
concerning the arrangements of the barn. They
must include comfort, convenience, protection
for his stock, bis, hay, and his fodder i ot.they are
Uttle or nothing. We ty thither for the purpose
only of looking at what the learned call the ster-
CcraTjTut which fanners Tnow by the name of
the manure heap. Will our friends from the city
pardon us,- if te detain them a moment at this
point J Here we stop the Mlier, because here,
more than any where else, the farmers of Mas
sachusetts are careless and deficient ; because on
this, more than on any thing else, depends the
wealth of the farmer ; and because this is the
best criterion of bis present, and the surest pledge
of his future success. What, then is its state ?
Ho it located ? Sometimes we see the barn
their appropriate purposes, so that whateverWlrdon the top of a hill, with two or three fine
fixed and permanent in its character, be so ar
ranged as best to facilitate the labor of the farm,
and best to subserve the comfort, convenience
and success of the proprietor
Our ideas on this subject may be best collected
from inspection. , If our, fellow-farmers please,
we will, therefore, in imagination, adjourn, for. a
few moments, and take our stand, first, at the
door of the farm-house. I say at the door. Far
be it from me to enter within it. Far be it from
me to criticise the department of the other sex
or to suggest that any thing, peculiarly subject to
their management, can be either ameliorated or
amended. Nor is It necessary ; for. I belie ve it
is a fact almost universally true, that where the
good man of the family is extremely precise and
regular, and orderly in lurarrangemcnt "without
doors, he never fails to be seconded, and even
surpassed, by the TorderrtVere
ness of the good woman within
Let us cast our eys, then, about us, from the
door of the farm-house. What do we see 1 Are
the fence on theroad in good condition l is the
gate wholeand on its hinges f Are the domestic
animals excluded from immediate - connection
with the dwelling-house, or at least from the
front-yard ? Is there a green plot adjoining, well
protected from pigs and poultry, so that the ex
cellent housewife may advantageously spread and
bleach the linen and yam of the family ? Is the
Corinthian capital.
the passenger ; or is it located with especial eye
concerning the importance and alue of this class
of roen, from no purpose ,cf temporary excite
ment, or of personal concflation, but Ucause I
. think it is just and their ' 2, and because, being
about to bint concerning r : ors and defects in our
! agrUukure, I am fer. s that such a course of
remark should noftl attributed to any want of
honor or respect forthe farming interest. On
the contrary, ( isoiily from a deep sense of the
importance of 'an art, thay a strong desire for its
improvement can proceed. Whatever tends to
stimulate and direct the industry of our farmers ;
- "ivhatever 6preads prosperity over oufelds ; what?
S YcrcaraeaJiappiness.-to the ho;., z s, and content
to the bosoms of our yeeraanrytends .more than
any thing else, to lay the fcl.datibns ot our re
public deep and strong, sid to give the assurance
of immortality, to our liberties' 1 t
' . . .1 ne, errors: and deficiencies of our practical
agriculture may be' referred, lna reneral survey,
f 4 vi sufficient accuracy, to twd sources-; the
ant of scope of view among ourXirmers, tnd
the want of system in their plans I
vuucrnwg another want, ot wtiicn. larm
ainoeft-!). most genef all r .complaipu
1 u,c want 04 cash in their pocke, I shall say Both
ingi It is a general want, and belongs to all othej
laaaesandrofessloni.fi
rpuragementio jpeak of this want, because it is
. ne at increajses, by its very supply. All of us
piilit have observed, that it almost ever happens
, however,-a few splendid exceptions, that
- Ahe more any man has of this article, the more
ie always wants.
. The enors and def.cicncica; towhiclrl shall
' PQPL .ch acquire, any extent
to the benefit of the neighboring surgeon ? Is
it covered, so1 that its w6rk may be done in stor
my weather ? Is the well convenient and is it
sheltered, so that the females of the family may
obtain water without exposure j at all times and
at all seasons ? Do the subsidiary arrangement
indicate such contrivance and management, as
that nothing useful should be lost,, and nothing
useless offend ? To this end, are there drains
determining what is liquid In filth arid bFul to the
barn-yard, or the pens I Are there. receptacle;
for what is solid, . so that bones and broken uten
sils may occasionally bo-carried away and-buri
ed ? If all this be done, it is well ; and if, in ad
dition to this, a general air of order and care be
observable, little more is to be desired. The
first proper object -of-a farmer's, attention, his
own and his family's comfort and accommodation
is attained' Ryery thing about him indicates that
self-respect, which lies at the foundation of gcod
husbandry, as well as of good morals. Cut !
any of us, on our return hoiticv should find bur
door harricadod.by 'a mingled mass'.bf cbip(,anc1
dlii ; if the pathway to it be an inlaid pavement
of.fv. -s and broken bottles, the relics of depar
ted eartt ?rn ware, or the fragments of abandoned
ddmestid utensils ; if the deposit of the sinket
tie and sr tnate umler the windows, and it is nei
ther deteoined to the barn-yanl, norhas. ony
thing provided to absorb it riches, and .to neu
tralize its efiluvia M the nettle, the tmstle, the
millfwecd, the elder berry, the barberry bush, the
Koman wormwootL the burdock,, the dock; and
rocks in the centre j so that whatever is carried
or left there, is sure of being chiefly exhaled by
he sun, or washed away by the rain. Sometimes
it is to be seen in the hollow of some valley, into
which all the hills and neighboring buildings pre
cipitate ' their waters. Of consequence alt Us
contents are drowned, or water-soaked, or, w bat
is worsi, there having been no care about the hot
torn of the receptacle, its wealth goes off in the
under afroa, to enrich, possibly, the antipodes.
The Chinese, for aught we know, maybe the
better for it ; but It is lost forever to these upper
regions.
Now all this is to the last degree wasteful, ab
surd, and impoverishing. . Too much cannot be
laid to expose the loss and Injury which the far
mer thus sustains. "LeTthe farmer want what
ever else he pleases. But let no man call him
self a farmer,who suffers himself to want a re
ceptacle for his manure, water-tight at the bot
tom and covered at the top, so that below, noth
ing shall be lost by drainage, and above, nothing
shall be carried away by evaporation Let every
farmer wanting such protection for his manure,
be assured that he loses, by the sun and rain, ten
fold aa much as will pay his taxes, state, town,
and national, every year. Let not the size of his
manure heap be any objection. If it be great,
he loses the more, and can afford the expence
"the better." If it be small," this is the best way
expence ? What is wanted r An excavation,
two or three feet deep, well clayed, paved, and
dishing,' as it is called, of un area from 6 to 30
feet iquare, according to t he quantity of manure ;
over head a roof made of rough boards and re
fuse lumber, if he pleases. The object being to
shut out the action of the sun arid cast off the
rain, so that no more Should come upon his ma
nure heap than the farmer chooes"This he
regulates by spouts at his discretion.
pfiiorityof Kts Intellect, ; soon brought him
into public life, where he displayed to advan
tage, these powers with which nature had so
eminently gifted hinu Jlobecame ambassa
dor, to Jfoncev &n& while in ihit ripadtyv wa a-
appomted secretary of war, and lastly chosen
minister of finance. . In all these various sit
uations he has never failed to discover tho
same powers and energies, of mind, and tho
same acutencss ana ueptn 01 penetration: no
has literally the mem tana in corporc lano,
alidnhe'vlgd'
ms oouy serves as an unerring inucx 10 ma
orce and energy of. his iqttllcct.'. It is invid-.
ious.to make comparisons ) but it is by com; T
parisons we are often enabled to arrive at truth, -
I ;11l iJiereforCilendcayouf tdliraW a pirallcl
between tlie gentlemen of whom 1 have been
speaking. Mr. Monroe and Mr, Crawford,
are alike distinguished by integrity of under
Standing ; but the latter has more quickness,
and the former a greater range of Tmnd. Io
the specimens of parliamentary ' eloquence
whichare preservedhere only in thcephemeraX
and fugitive columns of newspapers, and which
I have taken the trouble to examine for my own
amusement, Mr. Crawford evinces some vig
or of imagination, and occasionally some bril
liancy of thought. Mr. Monroe has never
wished to excel in the flowery parterre of fan
cy.; his compositions display only the sound
ness of his judgement, and the excellence of
his sense, without any ol tee frippery and fes
tooning of rhetoric, or the meretricious arid
extrinsic drapery of imagmatiori-IrrMon---roe
has more practical knowledge, but is lets
prompt in his decisions. .Mr. Crawford has
greater powers of invention, but is less skil
ful in combination. Mr. Monroe has had
more experience, but Mr. Crawford, from a
better memory and a superior quickness of
comprehension, has treasured up as many re
sults, and acquired as many facts. Mr. Mon
roe's knowledge of mankind is niore corect
and more practical, but he wants Mr. Craw
ford's energy to render it extensively usefoi.
In political shrewdness, moral integrity, and
intellectual acquirements, they are supposed
to be nearly equal. With this brief parallel,
I shall dismiss these gentlemen, and proceed,
at your desire, to sketch the portraits of the .
secretary of war and the attorney general.
-Fromu-L ETTEitsF rcsi-Wa shin aronJ1
vMr. CftAitrroRD, secretary of the treasury,
is tnetsame gentrcrnian, to whom you were in
troduced at PaVis, and though fhe possesses
manners orvnicn nave previously spoxen.
VVKathc waathouhto
inform you j but it is impossible he could have
succeeded amidst Ac polite a'nd splendid frip
pery of the ParistaVcirdcsp--ttie courtly.uon
sense, and. graceful anil egant ?7onrAffarr of
a French politician, must haye been strikingly
and ludicrously cohtra3tcd bylthe republican
simplicity and awkward movements of the
American minister. Mr. Crawford has ris
en from bbscurity- to the situation-he lVotv
holds, by the force of native genius. It ap
pears he wa3 eriiplpyed in his early life in an
occupation which is now unfortunately too
much degraded, but which ought to be more
highlv esteemed. I1 mean that of teaching
the young idea how to shoot." His next ca
OTlgltiaV ComwuncaUo8
I0R THIS WESTERN CAROLINA.
MESSRS. EDITORS
It is with no small degree of pleasure that
I notice. the commencement of a Newspaper in
this section of North Carolina; A pubficatiohbf . '"7"',
this kind has been long needed, not merely for
the purpose of publishing the news, but for a
higher arid more important object to defend tho
rittta'.of:'Ihe.-;Westera patttoT.tis sUteAndv....w
mnfeprtihW
and the particular importance which attaches td
bie in thia part of North Carolina, I have no ; .
doubt thai'ihe tabor' arid expense ""you'have bcert "yy
at in establiihing the Western Carolinian, will
meet with a suitable remuneration. The people 1
of the Western part, of this state arc sufficiently
aware of the importance of having a Newspapci' . , j
established in the midst of them ; one which - '
will partake of their feelings j which willbcin-
terestcd in defending their tights, and in piocu-
ring for them that influence in the councils ot ' .-L
lhe..state-which-ii ,so justly their ue,-and aejun; 1 . ;
justly denied them. And it wilt not only be use- '"" : -ful
inits political, but also m its noral rafluenc"-3S....
Amelioration of morals, relinemcnt otaste, and
Mj&jui3
consequences which will certainly flow from a ' j
wc!l regulated and independent Newspaper . , :
among any people. .... ... ... l:
Parerili who have young families springing upr . V
around them, and who feel all the anxieties tho; ""-"-r"" f.
hopes ind'fears of parental solicit yde lot the futSS
ture Welfare and good conduct of theirchildrerii : :
who wish them to become pillars of thetate, tmd
tbTBfedclirof tlut iHdrilcnceani freedom'
purchased by the blood and treasure of their
t Athertb irriblbfi tltelirlrffcmles of freedom : aM
republican virtue, and, in their infancy, toswear
ori the altar of liberty, r.bt like the youihfuLsqii
of Hamilcar, eternal enmity ' trierlt.tQLjlt'
tyrantswill not, cannot neglect so cheap arid
certain a method of instilling into their .infant
minds the principles ofU utuevWveotthelr- coun
try, arid of those sacred and inestimable institu
reer was nt the bar. at which he ramdlv ac
the devil's annle. cwitezifor vm2.nralonir the aaired both emolument and reputation. The
fcwrbzUjQStr v'pia every correF; iCiJi.di-i excellence oF;hi?uadir5
uons wnicn i'pe eiovaieu ncr anove every otner
nation,' and j4I.cn her .a name vktch shall last as..,. .
long as moral beauty continues to bo admired, or V
the dignity of human nature venerated." , .v'.' '-'''
- The hardy yeomanry, thattIortsAoftWsU'jri;rr.;
and the strength of the natibri, whose becupation ;r7i v
is more ancient and more honorable than $mf '
other, and ;whoean count amonir their tuimbefc' -
tandiogr J lJpatriajchxad
. , ,- ,.ir- -, , -,.,... . ' r ft " 1 . .-. 4 ?.?m av?S-
M 1
)&
V . " " TV""
& I
5'
I.