rtTUsnno by kridcu & blngham.
set
The Wmtiiv Ciaouni U pubfisW every Tues
day, at THREE DOLLARS per annum, payable it the
rod of six month, ' , ' 1
'(&I1q paper" will DTtdnTunttf jf martj't
are paid, unlcu at the discretion or tlie editors,
... Whoever will become responsible for the payment of
nine papyri, shall receive ft tenth grati$.
Abvkbtiiubbt will be Inserted on the customary
, . " r ' -,-?- 1
No advertisement inserted until it has been paid for,
or it payment assumed some person in this town, or
CfAIl letters to the editors most be-poU-paid, or they
ill not be attended to. ..
Columbia tn, ipttrn not the rvjjwJ toil
Tnr nation jUrj U a cnltxrtd tUl.
Jlome'i Cindnnatutof lUuttriou birth.
Increased hU hurelt vfiile he tilled tht earth t
' t?en China' t Monarch lays the sceptre uran,
JVor deems the tatk unworthy of the crown.
Attract from an Address of Araisasics Fsswick, Esq.
. to the AgricuKural Society of Su Mary's County, MtL
" published in the American Farmer.
M The, roost rapid fortune I crer knew to be
made, on land that was new when it was bought,
was by man named George Castor, a laboring
man, who bad Amused money enough -io pur
chase i SO or 60 acres of land, and to' retain la
hand over and above the purchase, 4000 dollars.
He moved his family on this land, and , for two
""years diligently devoted his whole tiraetomanu
. ring and improving, and expended all bis surplus
-4000 dollars in this war, and not till the third
year after he had moved on the land, did he at
tempt to make a crop. When his land was thus
made capable of producing, and worth the labor
of cultivation, he commenced making Vrops, and
succeeded to-make money fast and to become
.wealthy,
ru, Farmers, who have not, like him. surplus mo
ney to begin with, and to maintain their families
tbile putting U in a condition for cultivation may
maiiy of themTIt least, spare more time and la
bor from the crop necessary to the maintenance
30hjtTr';
business of profit that ever was pursued by men,
is so profitable n labor, applied to manuring. If
commerce which, yields lb or 12 per cent, per
annum, on capital, can afford to pay fi per cent,
to banks for the loan of money, manuring, which
certainly yields at least 2 or 300 percent, per an-
cum," where we have not to buy the manure, and
atJcasLSQ percent where wc have to pay for it,
' may also afford it. It is because it is too easy for
a larnier to live somehow and keep clear from
debt, that farmers,have been long in the babit of
not calculating the best modes of time and labor.
What other business trade, mercantile or me
chanical, pursued so carelessly and with so little
Lorrect calculation as farming is every wherexaf
lied on, would fail to make men bankrupts, and
.utterly ruin them. Merchants are every day be
coming bankrupt, with all the keenness and at
tention which they give to their business, while
farmers hardly ever fail totally, in the worst of
times, with infinitely less attention to their inter
nof this sBew what are the resources
of land I. : The management of land is yet cer
. tainly not well understood j but it appears to me,
that money judiciously applied to land and culti
vation may be made to yield a greater profit,
at this rate', cost 10 dollars hire, and 10 more for
maintenance, making for tht spade, wheel-bar
row-and all;. This cover one- inch- thick r
would make this 10 dollar land yield the next year
at least 25 bushels of wheat or 1000 wL of to
bacco, thatlsVInwheatTB2 3, "in tobacco, g80de
duct the third for cultivation, gives profit, 8 1 T 66
3-3 lor wheat, or 833 33 13 probt in tobacco.
With this tedious mode of improving-it, this
land would nowonlrcost 35 tfollars the acrerand
in one year after paying forlhe land, ' the owner
would have a surplus of gl 3 33 (3,thati,morc
than ISO per cent, profit in income, and 250 per
cent, profit In the increased value of the land, in
all 400 per cent. I am not,fyou ulLroust per
ceive, when you reflect, speaking of llji possibil
ities, but of what you know can be done, .and 1
have stated the mode of. manuring in the most
difficult and expensive wayrand not in the usual
way with carts, and yet the profit of manuring is
such as you see it. To apply manure in the
cheapest mode, that many of us have it in our
power to do, it is profitable, (if there is any truth
in arithmetic,) in a decree that infinitely surpas
ses any other useful occupation. Therefore,
gentlemen, it is self-evHent to me, that there is
no more profitable business followrd by men,
than farming, if industriously and judi uly fol
lowed. It remains only for us to gather the best
experience, and to make the best nse of it to im
prove rapidly our condition and consideration in
the eyes of the.world."
Extracts from a pamphlet publishc4Jy order of t!c
Ncw-York Society for the TromoUon of Internal Im
provement, entitled M An Expose of the C&uset of intem
perate Drinking, !cc. by Thomas lie rttell." -
Although these places (grog-shops) occasion
much of the vice complained of, and the larger
dealers in ardent drink, by contributing facilities
to its practice, influence its increase and duration;
thrrt are other cauiei which constitute the radi
cal tourcct qf the tvilAo which no attention seems
to have been paid no remedy attempted to be
applied and of which grog-shops, and all their
attendant train of vice and immorality, are but a
part of th rffectt. It becomes proper here to
state, what 1 am confident I -shall be enabled io
prove, that th intemperate uc of ardent Mquor
,originate$ in the fathiont habits, customi, and ex
clattet of the community.
Who is there so ignorant of the customs of
our countr)', as not to know that intoxicating 11
juors are universally used as a daily table drink,
and that exceptions to this remark are not suffi
cient to impair its truth isTgeneral observation.
The total absence of wir.es, and other inebriating
liquors, on those occasions, so rardly happens,
that when such an instance oceurs, it is sure to
become the subject of ill-natured remark, and is
usually attributed to meanness and parsimony.
Such being the practice, the parents of a fam
ily must, of necessity, adopt one of the two fol
lowing measures: The children must 'be per
mitted to partake of the common table beverage,
or they must not. In the first place, they are
reared from their childhood to the habitual ute J
ardent drink. If the other course is pursued, and
the use of the liquor interdicted to the children,
u hi'e the parents daily drink it in their presence,
he is very little acquainted with human nature
who does not know that the value of the article
is thereby arbitrarily enhanced the disposition
to enjoy it increased and that, as soon as the
restraints of the parents are removed, and an op
portunity presents, the forbidden fruit .will be
laltediTwiUi as irmclvlavidity as if both conscience
and justice demanded satisfaction for lost time
and pleasures. Under such circumstances, how
vain is it to hope that children will not acquire
the habit of intemperance i and how weak is it
to wonder at their becoming drunkards ; ,Par
hanon Any" other waV 4if employing it, jusualteiardly 06 ttt have arrived to years
v. ! .. i - Vs.1 dis?reuon, who shall expect that their fidrti
Tamong men, particularly where land is as cheap
s is among fftil " e can Pu7 11 Irom u 10 V
dollars per acre, and such will yield from 5 to 15
bushcdrrP.aeril
'10 dollars pracw,w
dollar land, apply 25 dollars worth of labor and
manure to each acre. At the verycheap rates
that manure and labor can be obtained here, say
for a man 860 per annum, and J20 for a woman
or boyr4lt4one sixth of a mani yearly4aboiy
"r two montjhs labor on one acre of- one man
In two months, one man could cover an acre
with manure, with no other implements than a
ade and a wheel-barrow:: 'I choose this -most
difficult and expensive mode, for the sake of ex
tiUions against intemperance will be heeded,
while their daily example is counteracting their
influence; How ridiculous it is for them, while
drinking wine and brandy in the presence of their
children, to attempt to persuade them'that it is
not good for them ! Should it happen, that in a
family of ball a dozen sons, 'there should be a
sober man, ti.e merit is his, and hot his parents' ;
nor are they, to be Ditied, except for their follv.
should they all bel drunkards ; and such is fre
quently the result, Thus.i almost' every family
vuuiues a scnooi lor iniemperynce, ana a nur-
aery of customers for taverns and grog-shops;
Again l( Inebriating liquors havT become the
medium miversullv adopted ' by society fur rnanu
fejtirig frihdthii and goodwilUtne 16 another.-
It need only to be mentioned to be admittedjjbat
it is the common practice, when niends or even
nuirici about bcaiih, ind'the commen nlice "vt
marks ou the.wcathcr, before they are intltc'd to
drinjt, jntpxicatini:lifnjori Tt ..welcome is
deemed kind and sincere, in proportion to the
frequency and earnestness of the Imnortunftiea to
drink liberal In proportion to the variety of the
liquors fnd their nchnessYnd profusion add to
the other temptations io' diink. 7ot to offer
them would lie deemed tmfriendl', mean, or uh
mannerly r Not to accept them, would be attribu
ted to lll nature, or a wantjof politeness. ' Hence
thertlsltor drlnVnocf prrcs trgoodiilffor'thc
nrouered kiminess.orln self-defence pgalost the
imputation of ill-breeding. And the visited takes
a glass for the company's sake, as it is called,
and to evince bis satisfaction on teeing his. hos
pitality accepted in tlie aUiit In which It h offer
ed. In this way do the lawn of aJiion m.d
cut-
ton conntruln fie.'e t JrhiL; who otherwise
would have no inclination, or who have acquired
that inclination from tbo frequent, if not dai,'-. oc
casions which' occur, for tendering and recipro
cating through the rustoinTiry channel, senti
ments of hospitality and good will to their asso
ciates, mends and stranger. Thus in the vice of
intemperate drinking inffruud on tht virtue of
hotfutatity and so long as that virtue is cher
ished, and ardent liquors continue to be tendered
as evidence of its existence, so long will the use
of that article as a drink continue, and the tlce
of intemperance grow out of it. JTut unnatural
blending of f andviceytoeihef, vith ihejirac
tice of uinhg tntlriaung drink u a table In erage.
are the radical tourcet of that intemfierunce which
it taid to be the cruinr and Increadntt tin of the
uathn." It Is at the familv table the firt rudi
ments of intemperance are taught the first ex
amples set, ana tne brat essays at tippling at
tempted. The practice is continued by the fre
quent display of hospitality an! politeness,
through the medium of ardent diink. I he ac
quired habit shows itself on holy-days, at dining
and other parties, and on all convivial occasions ;
is pursued . at taverns, and at last descends to,
and terminates Its career at grog-slups. Look
a: the catalogue of family misfortunes, and few
will be found to have escaned the direful disease
of intemperance ; few which have not had their
prosperity and happiness blltthttd bv the extreme
of that vice, in some one or more of their mem.
bers. The evil is as widely spread in the upper
as in the lower class of society ; and although its
roost debasing extreme is not wfrequcmlv wit
nessed in the former as in the latter, still, if the
demerits of vice arc to be graduated by its inju
rious consequences, Intemperance in tht; weal
thy, is far more reprehensible than in the poorer
class. The custom of the rich cvittitutc !hc ck'
offathionuxd none arc more implicitly observed.
Their power jce ins often paramount to -the laws
f oforJit yr-1 lad the habit of usini; ardent drink
ouginatcu wun, it would, as l nave bclpre re
marked, have !cen limited to the lower class
because the rich do not imitate the practices of
the poor, and therefore cannot be contaminated
with their vires wherczv the latter do, to the
extent cf their ineuns, follow the fus'iions of the
former, and hence are vitiated thtircviJ ex
amples. ."
He comeu, the heniM of a r.olsy world,
Xews from all nations IuiubViiir at hiii bnclc,
L.1TEST FJtOM KYGLVm
PBitiPSLrRM, irorsT 17. By the arrival of the nbp
Factor, Captain Sliced, in 34 day from Liverpool, tlie
editors of the American Ccntincl have been favored with
the Liverpool Advertiser, of the. 8th of JuJy containing
intelligence from England eigit dys Inter than that here
tofore received. Copious extracts will be found below.
By the Dublin Evening fost, we learn that Mr. Ellis
Mabccnclecte
over Mr. Crattan. In the evening after the election
closed, die friends of Mr, Crattan broke the windows of
a great many of the' houses of those persens who had
supported the election of Mr. Ellis. t " ,
Disturbances appear to have taken place at Brest and
Caen. The Emperor of Itiissla is said to have addressed
a declamion to all Uie European courts, relative to the
late political changes in 'Spain,-" J' "
Liverpool, jult 8 The concerns of the
Queen have made considerable progress'during
the present week. The report of the com mittee
of the Houserf trds waibrpug
day night, and it was couched an no equivocal or
qualified terms. The Queen is charged on the
evidence of various persons, in different parts of
Europe;, with having earned on adulterous inter
course with a man whom she bad raised from the
rank of a menial servant, and she is charged also
whhxcriraBusness and - impropriety "of
conduct. I he very serious weight of this ac
Itable tflcctof an cximipstion of ex par;e e'vl : .
dence in any cose, but especially In a charn
which is supported by witnesses employ td to rol
lect evidence, and remunerated for their trsti-
mony. Iiut me report now produced Is certainly,
re Rrave ill its.accusationK roore unheaiutini
in its assumptions, and more direct in its language!
than bad lccn generally anticipated -'Jh,Quecu.
herself seems to be some wt.tt shocked and sur- 4
prised at Its unexpected severity. Slie, stiil, .
howvri'aeinalos.coDfidcntialiei
hy.th? most satisfactory proof, that tho testimony
against her is false, and the witnesses corrupt
Her own evidence will, of course, be liable to
the same imputations, and thu tho aff-dr, as It
respects public opinion, will remrin exactly whero
it i. The partir.sns of the Queen will discredit
all the asseverations tf the accusers, whilst her
adfersari. i ilf equally ilisrtgard all the evidenco
in her defence.
Jn thi W4y. the whole dispute, thouzh simDlv
a question of,Lct, will serve tmly to cxasperato
the fury of contending parties, with scarcely any
chance of producing conviction on either side.
THE QUEKK
The msrquis of Iansdownc and lord Erskino
having signified to the house of lords their wil
to decline serving on the committee appointed
to investigate the charges preferred against tho
Queen, their resignation w4 accepted by the
nouie, anu tnecari o! liarawick and lord Lllen
bbrougn were" appointed io s'ervcln their stead.
The addresses ot the city of York, and tho
town and neighborhood of Nottingham, were
presented to her Majesty last week," and wero
most graciously received.
Addresses weie voted yesterday week to her
Majesty by the Common Hall of Ixndon, and by
the borough of Southward About six o'clock
the same afternoon, the Queen went to (;ild
ball, accompanied by Alderman Wood Her
Majesty was received at the door by Mr. Favcll,
and several gentle men of the common r.om.ci!,
bearing wands. Her Majesty was particularly
anxious to see the statue of the late king, i.nil
was accordingly led to the room where it siand..
The common council chamber was crowded wills
well drcscd ladies, who waved their liHiiclker-
chiefs as her Majesty walked through their ruhU.
One lady knelt down, and ejaculated a fervent
prayer for her Majesty's prosperity. The Queen
raised her, and spoke a few words of thanks to
her, in ammer that showed she was greatly
affected by the incident. Her Majesty was re
ceived with loud cheers by all who had the honor
to be admitted into the hall to see her pass. Her
carriage was drawn by' the populace, in spile of
the most earnest remonstrances to the contrary.
. TM Queen, it appears, has now taken the ies
clution to pass her future Hfc in England ; which
fact was announced to the livery of London yest
Urday week by Mr. Alderman Wood.
On Saturday last, at one o'clock, Mr. Uroug.
ham had an audience of her Majesty, to present
an affectionate and loyal address from I'rcston,
signed in a few hours by some thousands of t!i
inhabitants. Her Majesty returned the following
answer : "I thank the good people of Preston
lor this mark of regard. The object of my C6m
ing home has been the vindication of my honor,
hikI I ihall perform the sacred duly which 1 owe
alike to the country and to myself, without m akin
myself a patty to the political divisions that at
present exist. Iiut I never can forget the grati
tude I owe to the English nation, or cease to feel
the liveliest interest In its prosperity."
On Saturday afternoon her Majesty took ai
airing to IMackhcath, in a private carriage.
She returned through the city, and called at the
shop of Mr. Alderman Waitiiman; on leaving
which site was recognised by the populace, who.
.notwithstanding her majesty's remonstrances
took the horses from her carriage, and drew it
themselves.
Monday being the day appointed for present-
ing-theWrcsBsHh
cusalion, it must be confessed has rather gone
beyond the public expectation.- That an unfa
vorable report snouid be produced wara maitcr
of course, because no accusation was ever brought
: W "tt " f ?nC.fi V Mot eV ?fa" cutU othcr' lh have scarcely I forward which did, not appear uiflkienU? wiid itojburw'- Qhsr
'f t?i bebtpcrta m?.ktt Jbc usual initbriPt? the defeacp wHrd fc'; is the mTlrauthVtit, rhmh Pcr tfW nnmd.rtth . '
and of the common hall to he r ma jesty, consid
erable crowds began to collect in Portman and
Oxford streets at an early hour, notwithstanding' . -the
unfavorable Etate of the weather. The win
dows were crowded with well dressed females,
and rows of carriages lined the streets. A ft'r
minutes past one the Southwark procession'ap
peared, and ws naliiied with "cfieers 0 the muls
litude. Sir K. Wilson in the uniform of a gen
eral officer, Mr. Calvert and the High Bailiff of
Southwark in their court dresses, with a numbeiC ,
of gentle rhep,' electors of the borough, were pre-r' ? ;
senjed to thejjue
sing :hcr majesty's hand. The address Was read
to her majesty, but a? the original copy liad been
sent to Mr. llrougham, who is indisposed in. the
country, she had notpreviously perused it, so as
to be able to return 4 written answer. Herman ' .
jesty rctnrned a most gracious verbal answer,
and rM-omisedjaxhjcrwj-ittc -immedutely
sent to the electors-of SouthwarJ;.
The (leputationjhett retired,, andv was a second
time greeted by the enthusiastic cheers of-tho
people. At the same moment, JelneTaLbenefit ;
societies marched by with their flags and music,!
ine wnoie seen? - was interesting ana animates
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