Newspapers / Western Carolinian (Salisbury, N.C.) / Feb. 27, 1821, edition 1 / Page 2
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A prca -rnti a. Time lh.it l i p-i 4!sUr iH.-it tune ha pmu 1 to lr from Miatnin the oblij;u cuM t):Ii:k, had 'inrrvane'd it, ly idilh.tr the oiiiDjuiott tr gratitude to it on- njinal obligation nd. j'ri'uwptioii of law . 'arising out of Pert Ctlioni of tow, cannot, in common imdcrstaiidmgt like riinc, Uj uwa) .he oUijjatlor.s of n pteufiisir to pav.hW dtbis. Ant vti n( omtnhly "for ific i.ollvctioii ! debt cnoi-iablc before a justice of the peace, r.llow, upon certain conditions, stay of extcu , tioiw , Doe; this provUyi)n"linpadpi;t".lt lcsTen the obligation of the debtor tpy the rTdltor before live stay elapsei "l ))out;lel it docs not. liut H extend relief to a end. jtnr-whoeilebtof HmW- nefcWm -to-JuMtl bin ibUtjutuwi; and beiug a gratuitou act of the leginUture m hit favor, they have, ai they luve a ri&ht to do, with tlie favor signified -.the condition! on which thev will extend re- ... Uefr leaving )t entirely optional. iiU.tlie cruli jtor whether lie will rely on the obligation ol . t , .1 . . i i ? the contract, or cn tne renei wuu ue umiu ;ions and restrictions appended to it. Numerous ;re the laws which any other construction of the constitution than that con tended for inth'u essay; must render null and void, which have never been seriously con tended against on that cround. The delay in the recovery of tUe plainest oblijj.uion, on a mere dilatory plea ol payment v when none was made; the'r;straininjj creditors from tn forriri their contracts until such times and place us may le convenient for holding coin is ; the allowing a constable to return his warrant at any time within 30 days of the date ; allowing appeals upon plain and unde niable debts, from one tribunal to another, might all be reprobated as contradicting the constitution, unless it be allowed that the le - ij'tliiturt h:ts a complete right to regulate-the rdkf, although they have none to touch the c-ntrjct itself. I know of no answer, claim ing inurh attention, that can be made to those observations. The most plausible that I can think of, is, that the law, at the time of ma tin;,; the contract, enters into the understand ir.g of the panic, and bo becomes, according to my own definition, a part of the obligation thereof. Uut whoever may understand it so, the General Assembly of this state, at their last session, did not. This is evident from at least two laws passed during the session One of those, extending the jurisdiction of a justice of the peace, has changed the tribu nal, and the mode of recover)' of all bonds, nous ;,nd liquidated accounts between sixty and one hundred dollars. And if those debts arc thus wTthin their control, doubtless those ci less-solemnify and dignity are so too ; and yet so person, making a debt of the descrip tor , fleeted by the alteration, could anticipate suvh a change. The other law alluded to, at once removt.s out of the hands of creditors a mode ol punishing their debtors sanctioned by immemorial usage, and founded on the tarliest histories of debtor and creditor. I am not passing any censure on the law ; but I mav saw I hope, without offence, that it a argues not much for the consistency of the Assembly, that they should refuse some tri fling interference in regard to tijne, from an ostensible regard to the constitution, when, at the same session, a law had passed radically changing the relief of creditors. Having thus shielded my own opinion on this subject behind the laws and acts of our own legislature, I may be asked what law ' would violate the constitution? what would impair the obligation of a contract ? Any law . -compelling one. of .the. parties to do any thing r.ot eontauud in their understanding of the bargain, would do it. A law making prop erty, at any value, a tender in payment, would be of this kind. A law making any thing but the precious metals a tender. in payment, would- also violate this, as v.-ell as another clause- of the constitution. . - -UfCtuht-wholeaUhough -L think -the law inexpedient, and that, perhaps, all legislation on the subject would be improper, 1 cannot believe that any regulation, with respect to time, would be unconstitutional. a'farmer. miTrnrn t in.- ,.i;nirt t,.i, milt JMTIUX L XV.ttm hol'si; or KU'itEsnxTAnvrs. AVor f thf Commlttrt if Wo:t ei Miau up r on the wkjift the1 lievt riur. The committee of Ways ami Means, to whom were' referred three rcsohttium of the 3d instanti rcnulrlneor the committee to Inquire and report, " wletherr in their opnniotii the pcrtnnent reve nue is tdejuate to the expense of the K'jverfi' ment " whether onjr measures rc necessary to increase tUe revenue; nrtd If so, to'reporf those measures arrrl rolWjln re tn(6Thc"expedicii cy of prohibiting, or imposing aiMitiottal duties on, the importation of foreign spirits and Im (MH.iii); ti xcik on domektic dia(iikdpiiit, l;fpOrt ... i..-.:....-..::v.-;.'..- - .SS..:,': That they have had those important subjects under their consideration, and have obtained from the several departmcntsall the information which the lifHccrs at their head could furnish ; yet, Midi are the dilucidties that present themsehe, that they enter into the discission and the statements nrcesMtry to elucidate the subject, with yrcat diflidence. Tteytnay differ in opinion with gen tlemen for whose talents they have the highest respect, wml in whose integrity they hae un bounded confidence ; the subject is one, however, on "which the best friends may fairly di.Tcr in opinion. It the firrwanrnt raciiuc adequate to the exfien tri (J thr government ? The revenue is mainly bottomed on the duties arising on the importations of foreign poods ; it is, therefore, dependent on fortuitous circumstan ces, which cannot be easily foreseen, and which may tend to its increase or dccrccsc ; there ate some, however, which can, in a degree, be appreciate.--The tariff oH86 was expected to operate a loss to the revenue, by giving what was considered ut the time sufficient encouragement to the n)anufcturcs of the country. A variety of causes, arising out of excessive and ruinous im portations, and the time required for diverting one channel of commerce or supplirs into anoth er, has, until lately, prevented the effect from be ing materially felt. The operation of that tariff is now beginning to he known, and the effect on the revenue is believed to be considerable J its extent is, however, not completely developed. Its operation on a few of the principal articles may afford some idea of the increase of our manufac tures, and the consequent decrease of the revenue resulting frbm the duties on the importation of such articles. 1 he tariff of 1.8 1 6, increased the duty on bmwnJ sugar about 20 per cent, and gave a protecting duty Jo that article of three cents per pound. No material decrease has, as yet, resulted to the re venue therefrom. The tariff was enacted during the existence of the excise on domestic distilled spirits, and an additional duty was imposed for the protection of the domestic article. The ex cise on imported spirits was repealed ; the duty was continued, and the duty on foreign spirits exceeds, at this time, the whole value of the do mestic, the average duty on the imported being 43 cents per gallon, when the value in the market of the domestic does not exceed 33 cents the gal lon. This has tended, it is believed, to decrease the consumption of foreign spirits, and, of course, the amount of the revenue. In 1818, the nut revenue from imported spirits, after deducting the debentures, arnunted to 2,646,186 dollars, and in 18W, to 1,959,125 dollars. The tariff of 1816 raised the duties on cotton and woollen cloths from Vt per cent, the duty imposed prior to the late war, to 25 per cent. and it valued all cotton cloths under a cost of 25 cents the square yard, (although some cost as low as six cents,) as if they had actually cost 25 tents, and charged the duty thereon accordingly. The result has been that .cottpn goods imported from India, -under a cost of 25 cents the square yard, pay a duty exceeding 60 per cent, on the average cost of those heretofore imported from that coun try, and above 40 per cent, on the average cost of similar goods when imported from Europe; The operation has had a salutary effect on our in fant manufactures of cotton, which begins to be understood by the manufacturers, i he importa titjnsTrorri India of such cottons as are under a fjrir.irw Miliar the vrn: ,e hot only rqiul to the expenses' of the govern incntf hut a Cord such n surplus, applicable to ihft payment of the loan of the last ycrr, as will, iKJoit'lfce Dm day of Jaiiuart , ,825 ful'V "PJ) the amount borrowed. The House will remem ber, that as the tppi epi lation bills have not pa tedt'the real or tiuo expense of gofeinment cannot be correctly stated. The committee are compelled, therefore, to bottom llitir statement on the estimated expense! as submitted to Con gress, which will, it is confidently believed, be reduced at loast one arid a hklf millions of dol lar. ' ' '' -""It krfotf redured toacertsitr.tv;thatthe actual receipts fior.i the customs into the Tt-usury, f!"iiin Vj?X'-JL cn 15,005,38 dolls. V)7ich aFnounfitji hulubjj c'onctTvcd," may be safely relied on sis the "receipts for the "present year. The committee are of opinion, that the receipts of 18 JJ (from that source) will exceed that amount." ' I'hty form that opinion from the 'following citctimsunces, to wit $--The bonds for duties in the Treasury amounted, on the 1st day of October, I B20, to nearly the same sm as thoM in the TscHSurv ui the 1 st of October, 1819; that from those of 1819 an extraordinary deduction was made by the more than common mount to debentures issued oil the rmhipmcnt of goods during that year: that a similar amount of draw backs, it it believed, will not occcur duiing the present year; and, of courne, that the recnuc from imports will be greater in 1 Li 2 1 than that of j;t anu m lui opinion iney are ronurmeu oy the following ticw of the customs for the prceit vor : 4 VtwUn t1c Treasury on the ht of Oc-toU-r, 1820 - ' - - - 518,770,000 Tnun wliich nuint be deducted, , IjoikIs irrecoverable - - 1,2,50JOO IJoihU in suit, w liich muv not he received duriitif the present yttr, 753,000 ItomU) Miid in fourth qturter of 1820 .... 2,6:6,815 Dt-btntum actually inuicd, pri or lo the 1st OcU- n'uW IkmU, 1,16J,00) r - - - Debentures which may be is sued on the Kunc, estimated ut 6.17,000 6,426,811 '1-V'tV- WW,- Fstimatrd nrtt proceeds from those bonds, 12,343,185 Add thereto the amouiit of the receipts ; . nto tlic Tressurv from bonds taken durin? - 'J tlc last otiarter of the vear 1820, and taken, - . 4 or to be taken, during the two succeeding quart r. of 1821, w 'Inch, bottomed on the re ceipts into the Treasury for actual rucipU from bonds taken during the fourth (jitHrter n 1819, and the first and second quaiK-rs of SJU, arc rstimatecl to gc, lor tuc present ear, the wun of - - - - AYivnttMA, AN active and mtelhg-ent l;.d, 14 or 15 years of gc, I (iuanljtv 0f w, r.,ilpr.tft.ii!r . l i-ovT-t tt ,.,orafand inditsfnous limits, ai.tl w ho can come V? naveio u rweif rt-eoinuWHRtetli - wm meet w tUi -suitubJe enrotirac--: 'jntTirtiapjdywjj af thi fHce; - " " y' - ' 11 : t- - STATE UF NOU'l lUlAUOI.INA, . : . ........ C AJ1A Uli US COl' xty : .. . .TAXt'ARY Sessions, 1821.. John PhifcH. the heirs M' f Martha l.'os-:, deceased; petition for pnrti tint) of ival estate, tiled. It awiieaiin. to the satkl . " i!H! ;;!,il 1 hut, ?mic. of the. heirs -ulhw of Martha Ha 1 res dc .sn!,t.ut the limits of thisTSniV, it w' therefore or-1 Oer- a t.v tlie Ciuu-', that pnlilicalion- lie made for six vetkb in the Ve.,lern Carolinian, for the said heirs to jtnea- .W next Court c.fp :nid Qiiuiler Session t.) !.u UI for llitvtqunty r-t'fubui rus, at Iuweourt-houst' ii.i r.meonr, mi t'ic thil Jbiiiday iii 1 j: iil next, and ;.; ; tl, ?i.isa c-r, or demur u, said jn-iition, oilierwlseit will C.cvk'ct 0!!i- sa:u,C(AirCat t'wird, the titird ?.!ondav in. cost of 25 cents the square "yard, have almost ceased, for conswnfiuon, and those from Europe have decreased; it is believed, to a considerable extent. The coarse cottons of our domestic ma nufiictures have entered, it is believed, into the consumption of the nation, nearly equal to the wants ot the people I he increase ot our wool len manufactures has afforded a considerable oollcn cloths for consumption, but information on which ta form a de cided opinion a (y Us extent. Other imnortant articles of dotiiestic rhanuTacfufes are silently eh- levins uuu couiemio!i wn tnuse neretoire lm ported frbm foreuin nations. Those circumstances, added- to the distresses of the pceple, and to the price of our exports being such as, in a great degree -to affect the means" of paying for imports make it xti emely difficult to form a correct estimate of the revenue which may arrive hereafter from duties on im pons, estimated on that which had been received in toimer yeais. . . With those' viewsf which the committee have deemed it proper to submit, they proceed to an swcf;thrfir ' 'vThe, ; are of opinion, Utiat the revenue which 4.4 "In S 16,781,380 The committee have submitted the preceding view of the customs for 1821, for the considera tion of the boost, but would not be willing to dedge themselves for the result ; the items they believe to be correct J and the present appear ance ol our commerce, becoming less unfavora ble, warrants them in the belief, that the revenue torn customs, for 1821, will not be less than six teen millions of dollars, t hey, however, dtem it more s;fe to assume the receipts of the pres ent on that of the preceding year, and therefore suomit tne louowing statement : ESTIMATED RECEIPTS FOR 1821. Customs received in the first, seeontl, and third quarten of 1320, see Sccretan 's report, 12,378,513 Customs received m the tourth quarter, .... 2,626,815 A statement from the Treasury to your committee, assumed as the reeeipt for 1821 Land, agreeably to the report of the Secretary of the Treasury, tntcrual taes, ly same, Hank dividend, by same, I'ost-OHice, and incidental re ceipts, may be estimated at 15,005,32 1,600,000 10U.OOO 3Jp,000 100,000 17,155,328 ESTIMATED EXPENDITO HES. Sec Treanry report of Iter tuher 4, 1820, Civil, ;; CWilirrng Indians," ' Military Department, Naval Department, Public debt, principal and in- tercst, for 1821, 1,769,850 6,798,515 2,928,676 5,477,776 17,004,017 Excess of receipts over payments, ' ' " 151,311 : The preceding stalemehts show that there will beaiL.exccssoLreci;ipts-over.thc-expenditurc, : r . i -. ii i . i.i even u me wnoic amount esiimateu lor oy tne different departments should be granted and ex pended. liut it is known that the amount is es timated on the presumption tlfat all the expen diturcs authorised by law will be required,' This however, in time of profound peace, has seldom been the case. The 'reform in the army, and reduction trom the estimate of the several de parturients, will amount, at least, to one and a hid million of dollars,' and. thus confirm ilie,.otun? ion expressed by the committee, "that the rev- euej lor 1 83 tg. wulvibe Mlyadjexpiateaihee penses of government for that yeari" I he committee submit their views for the succeeding- years of 1822,! 823f and 1S24rto prove the opinion, that the revenue will .Joe fully equal to the payment ot the expenses of govern ment : durjn those years, Jn addition -.10, the statement given of the receipts Trom customs for the year 182 L, and with the view of further ejuci iLiting the subject,- they "submit the following statement ol the receipts ueuved. from the cus toms, Janus, 5cc. lor the years 1817, 1818, 1819, and 1 e20 r three of, those, years are known to he rnc mi ni mum years, tbe tourth not uncommonly protiuctivc. . . 571,473,2..?, errg;el cn 4, )c:uj, fives for I year, St7io8 Although your committee think it probublo that fhd Rvcrage receipts from the customs, dur Ing thoso four ycarst will he realized for the yeart v 1822, ?3t and 21, yet, under the uncertainty iris, ing from the view alrcsdv given they comUUx. it more safe to assume a less amount, andtheru forc.suhtiiit j!c .followint; itMement uf recehit; and cxpcmlitures as oncwliich they heve fu! conudciue iiiuy'lic IcneiTCipdn ton C 22, 33,04 24. RKCKirtf. ' K ' 7iM(fjtVif report of Secretary) 2JVUJU00. ' Itank (fivHlemU 420,000 Its'. ed incidental 200,000 tXTT.ivirvntt rornroirE tkaki. Civil, miscellaneous, and tliplonwtic g 1,750,000 ChiSzinliuIiant ,U0O 1,779,00 MII.1TAOT DZrARTMENTt JO WIT I Arminjf iiilit'w 2W.000 Ind'an aniutitiel S2,VM Ktvolutionarv pensions 1,200,000 Invalid pcnsTons ."00,000 KortifUation 400,000 IiHl'aii Di partntent 170,000 National anitoriea 36'J,O0O i.'ar.nmvthot, and shclhl 50,fXX) AriKiuJi 30,000 Aruiv irorx"r (iitclmlnctheonb nance seni c,arftlic military wad- emy at Vest I'oiut.) entinuted, - jrrecahlv to t!ie bill u hirh has ps- d the House, at its utinobt anuMlnt, to cost - - . . 2.000.000 I 1 ' .1 , I .1 .M X nni I lll ! 1 1 I 1 1 I H" .... 1 ... ' 1 - A I Naval including gjOO ,000 per annunu tut tlie gradual i;)crraM of the nary, amounting. agret-ahly to trie ewimate lor loil, to rubLc.tk-hW (KC repwt) .... 4,86AO0a ,5,477,000 gi5lfi,i76 Iavintr a surplus of 81,673,32 per annum. from w hich will be deducted the interest on any loan that may be authorized during the present year. The preceding view will shew, that the com mittee, in answer to the second question, to wit t u Whether any measures are necessary 10 in crease the revenue ("are of .opinion thai he re-. .... venue is amply adequate to the expenses of the government, and, of course that no measure for its increase is necessary. To the third resolution, to ilt.V Isit expeuteht-- to prohibit or impose t. J JUonal duties on the inv poi tation of foreign spirits, and to impose art ex cise on domestic spirits i " the committee answer, -that the revenue from imported spirits amounted, in 1818 to S2,6461185rinibe7earai9"t6 tne sum of 81,959,125 f and it Is believed; th&t. that "V bf the year 1 82Q.will not amount ta the aum rft-r: icivcu in miy. uui me committee are oi onui ion that the imposition of an excUeiinhlllime-' of extreme distress would be unwise and i not L demanded by the condition of the Treasury ; and that, if imposed it would be difficult to collect ; and, if collected it would, in some parts of the. Union, be in paper little available to the Treas ury. They, therefore, submit their opinion against any immediate imposition of an. excise on domestic spirits, or of any newjdutyotH bc pronioiuou oi, me tmporiauon oi lorcign spirits. i ue committee nave inus lar-connnea tnera selves to the answering of the three resolutions referred to them ; theyjiavc, however deemed it not improper, vhila 'on the subject) to submit their views of the financial state of )he Treasury. The demands oo the I reasury-necessary, tp complete the payments for the year 1820, are? l or oiril.-diplomatic, and miscellaneous, g 855,905 00 Public debt .. - 2,076,913 15. Mississippi stock, j n :571,827 J7 ' Navy l)orrtmeiit,Cftperttf2l3t Dee.) 1,110,000 00 War Department; affl-CcaW ..' - T ji . Sly 4o a letter fronvthe-8fr;-ifr re'tary, dated 31st Jaiuit5.he. -iii: -iflllll Committee of Waya 'ijna;'' ;' ' " Means, jf;2fi&5-7S From which must; bo As "T ' -r"; -" ' ducleJt agreeably to the same,, letter, the tnomt of ;money':; iii the lrandsof the Treaauv ii,,,. er, as agent for that depajtfeSgTZ ment." on the 1st of Jan. this "" "7 440,720 4S "Trom which' is to be de ducted, amount of money in the Treasury on the 1st day of January, ::i i r 1,076,271 18 Less the notes of insolvent . - .hunks, which will not be avail : lle during' the present year, 600i000 00 lavinfif, of avajfeble funds, in the Trcas- 176,271 1 Balance agajjist thilTitaSuryfbh"th diirtheesctyear,r- The committee believe the above statement to be accurate f and thatf the halance against the Treasury on the first.cTay of the present year, amounted to the sum of 4,il79,094 99 ; that'bal ance will, it Jf beUeye reduced hy retrenchment in expeirditures, ai al-'. ready stated, to an amount not less than one-and a half million, which will reduce the actual defi cit to he provided for, ta the sum of S3,o7094 9i;:say three niillionS seventy-liine i thousand and liine'ty-four doilarsAud pihety nine cents., liut itlhc estimate of the Secretary of the! reas-. ury shou Id fuoic correct, to wit : i; -, . .Thai thrrtiufltnm is2! twll pfodwre only ' - - ' 1 . ' ' "' -. 1 V ..-J..-irii',.,...,B-,.!-.S.w.,JV" t,if(WiMW"''-''',-'i'-''.,''''"'fr-r''f' "i-ir:"i-;.T7Ts:-Trr'v.::.B.';. ie- " ' - a . - -.-.-- ' . . .-. . . .
Western Carolinian (Salisbury, N.C.)
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Feb. 27, 1821, edition 1
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