Newspapers / Western Carolinian (Salisbury, N.C.) / July 17, 1821, edition 1 / Page 2
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ber, which shall be called the annual meet ing : the other, on the last Thursday in the month of March, which shall be call ed the sfiring meeting. 12. At the same time and place of the annual meeting, the Agricultural Exhibi tion and Cattle Show shall take place ; where all persons' arc invited to attend and bring ' fair specimens of agricultural productions, and all kinds of stock ; also, models of farming utensils and specimens of domestic manufactures: the prizes and premiums are free for the competition of all persons within the state of North-Carolina. 13. The society shall, at the preceding meeting, determine the objects for which premiums shall be offered ; but this shall not prevent them, at the time of the Show, from awarding honorary premiums for superior specimens of any thing in the agricultural or manufacturing line, that may be brought forward for inspection. 14. The President and Vice Presidents, together with the Committee of Corres pondence, shall compose a board, to make all necessary arrangements for the exhibi tions. 15. The President and Vice Presidents shall appoint committees to examine the articles that may be offered at the annual exhibitions, and to judge between com petitors and award prizes. 1 6. Each regular member, upon his ad mission into the society, shall subsciibe his name to the Constitution and pay g3 ; also, an annual tax of g2. 17. Persons wishing to become mem bers shall be proposed to the society and voted for, and if four-fifths of the votes are In favor of the applicant, he shall be con sidered as admitted to membership. 18. i his constitution can only be alter ed or amended at the regular meetings, and then only by the consent of three fourths of the members present; and in Ho case shall it be altered or amended un less there are at least twenty members present. ally encouraged by pecuniary donations. For example, New-York, of all the states the most abounding in natural advantages, and the most munificent in internal poli cy, has taken a measure in favor of her agriculture that cannot fail of producing the greatest results. Her legislature, for the purpose of encouraging agriculture, has appropriated 20,000 to be divided (in two years) in due proportions among the agricultural societies in the various counties'. By the same act, an Agricul tural Board is established, to be composed of the Presidents of the. different socie ties throughout the stac, and to be held annually at the seat of government. This Board shall annually compile a volume from the archives of the society, l 500 copies of which are to be published at the expense of the state. Here is an exam- go upon the principle of returning strength considered poor cropping, unless their and activity to the earth. Manuring is wheat turns out 25 to 30 bushels per acre ; the end of them all. But there are sev- even 40 bushels is often made. Here, ciui tvlllUS Ul uiaiiui uu. nv iiiiiv i win i iuni mv j - not 74 bush- els. The same may be said of every thing else that we raise. Now, to what is this great difference ? Not to the lands ; lor our son, methods of applying them to the earth. I believe, however, manures generally have been classed under three heads : veg etable, atmospherical, and mineral. . . .. , . vegetable manure is the decomposition owiner of all vegetable substances: stable-yard originally, was equal, if not superior, to litter, straw and other offals of our crops theirs ; nor is it as much owing to the are, with us, the common material of ma- climate as some would seem to tniriK. nure. In our sister state Virginia, corn No! it arises principally from the diner stalks arc made great use of for that pur- ent conditions of our agriculture, and the pose. different modes of management. We The atmosphere that surroundsustecms overcrofi ourselves, take no pains to lm with matter that affords life and nourish- prove our lands, put our crops in badly, ment to all kinds of vegetation; this is and tend them still worse. To avoid the called atmospherical manure. Hew to error of putting out too much, every Far- extract this aliment from the air and con- mer should, before he commences pre paring his grounds, consider well how lie can cultivate wiui mc manv acres manual force at his command ; and, in or der that he may see his way clear, he chrmlrl mniiir nil his fields SO as tO a a vt m w know the exact quantity of acres each contains. How differently do the most pic worthy of imitation : but my object vey it to the soil, is an important inquiry at present in mentioning this instance of with agriculturalists. The best plan yet liberality, is to show the light in which an practised, is that of enclosing, as conncct ambitious and enlightened state to the ed with shifts of fields and rotation of north, views the agency of agricultural crops. The principle of enclosing is, to societies in advancing the great work of suffer our fields to become thickly cover internal improvement. But, although ed with rich vegetable substances, undis- New-York is the foremost in liberality, turbed by any kind of stock, and then, in of us proceed : We guess at the number many ot the other states are also pusning proper season, to turn it unaer, wnere u ot acres put into cuimauon, ami, uwc uu forward in the same race of improvement, soon rots and enriches the ground. In guess work, we generally fall wide of the Look to the North, and to the South, and the northern states, the farmers regularly mark. If any farther comment upon we see life and activity pervading the sow their fields down in clover, and when overcropping were necessary, we need farming community : even in the West, it reaches its perfection, plough it under, only, at this time, look through the in the new states, the farmers begin to It is the opinion of some, that clover will county and view the spectacle. Here, turn their attention to systematic improve- not succeed thus far to the south ; but as we see one Farmer, neglecting his corn, ment. JVe, alone, continue lagging be- far as my observation goes, the opinion is hind, dragging on in the old way, without entirely erroneous. even a Farmer's society to excite our feel- The other kind of manure spoken of is ings or direct our energies. It is time j mineral, such as gypsum, lime, Sec ; but to get the grass out of his cotton ; there another, suffering his wheat to fall for the want of cutting, in order to get over a certain piece of corn ; and in how ma that we should awaken from our slumbers these are scarce materials in our vicinity, ny places, will we not see both corn and An Address , By Charles Fistier, to the Ito-wan Agricultural Society, at its meeting on the 4th of July, in the town of Salisbury. Gentlemen ; Believing that this Society, if conducted with prudence and spirit, will be the means of doing much good among the Farmers of the county, I cannot but feel mvsclf highly honored by the station you have assigned me. If, in the dis charge of my duties, I am unable to bring to tour aid much talent or long experi en , I can, nevertheless, with safety promise you constant attention and unre- of inactivity ; it is time that we should and it would not be profitable to introduce arouse ourselves from this lethargic in- them from a distance. Our main resource difference, and take some measures for the lies in the two first sorts; and to these improvement of agriculture in this sec- we should direct our attention. tion of the country. And what plan can It is a lamentable fact, that in our part we adopt, better calculated to accomplish of the country the practice of manuring this end, than the one that has produced lands has been miserably neglected. Our such happy results in other parts of the farmers seem not duly to appreciate the country, the formation of Societies among value of manuring, or clearly to under-. the Farmers ? stand the best methods of collecting and managing it. Go to one of their stable from societies of this kind is, that they I yards, and you will see it scattering every are the means of commencing among the where, evaporating in the sun, or washing cotton completely brought under by the grass ? I am aware, that the wet season of unusual length, is one cause of this; but the principal cause, is, that the Far mers have put out more than they can manage. CONCLUDED IV OUR XEXT. INTELLIGENCE. He comes, the herald of a noisy world, News from all nations lumb'ring' at his back. farmers, at one and the same time, a gen eral move towards systematic improve ment. They, also, are the instruments of collecting into a common fund, the STATUE OF WASHINGTON. Having promised to "give a more par ticular notice of that superb piece of sculpture, we now proceed to the task. It is intended to represent the immor- off with the rains. How differently do judicious farmers act in other sections of the country ? They take as much care to make manure as to raise crops ; they light and experience of many practical use as much diligence to save their ma- farmers, which is again diffused for the nure after it is made, as to save their crops, tal hero in the act of writing his farewell benefit of all. For example, by our con- J Go upon the farm of such a man, and youl address : he is seated in an ancient Ro- stitution, it is made the duty ot each mem- will hnd order, system, and economy vis- man chair, his right leg drawn up as in ber to apply his attention, as much as may ible every where. It ought to enter into the usual sitting posture, the left careless- be, to the different modes of cultivation ; the plan of every farmer annually to ma- ly extended along. In the right hand he and if, in the course of his practice, he nure so many acres, such and such por- holds a pen, and in the left a scroll at makes any useful discoveries, or verifies tions of his worn out land. To effect his feet the baton of a field marshal, and any former experiments, however small, this would only require a little care and a sword, of the shape of the old Roman he forthwith communicates them for the economy in the management of his affairsi falchion, turned at the point. He is clad public good. To a farmer possessing an ordinary num- in the Roman costume, the head and Another advantage is, we not only learn ber of stock, it would be much easier to neck bare, a close vest and braccae with useful facts from each other, in our own erect a field of worn out land, than to pre- a girdle round the waist upon which is vicinity, but by means of the society, we pare for the plough the same quantity of displayed Medusa's snaky head and other collect valuable and important informa- new ground. If this be the case, how emblems of Roman taste The toga, tion from other and more remote parts of much more preferable is the one plan than or cloak, is drawn close round the neck, the country. We open an intercourse the other. By reclaiming the old ground, and descends in luxuriant folds to the with like associations, and with intelligent you increase the value of your land, by floor. The legs are bare to the knee, RUSSIAN AND AMERICAN TRADE. Sixty-six American vessels, the tonnage of which amounted to 15,480 tons, were engaged in the year:1820 in the St. Peters burg trade. The value of the goods ex ported from Russia by these vessels was S2,000,000, of merchandize imported by the same SO00- The experts con sisted principally of iron, hemp, cordage, sail-cloth, ravens duck, sheeting, diapers, quills, tallow candles, and feathers. The imports were, sugar, coffee, indigo, cotton, rice, tobacco, quercitron bark, pepper, ginger, raisins, spirits, oil, and nankeens, Russia sends us nothing but the pro duce of her own industry, to pay for which we visit Asia in pursuit of nankeens, and the W est Indies in search of tropical fruits. Eighty-six bales of cotton, 325 tons oFrice, 283 tons of quercitron bark, 25 tons of to bacco, 2488 gallons of spirits, 163,500 gal lons of oil, were most of tbe articles of the produce of our soil and industry which we sold last year at St. Petersburg, and after all our circumnavigations, there is slill in this branch of trade a balance against us ; although the aggregate of imports from all countries, made by Russia at St. Pe tersburg, has been stated by official au thority to amount to 38,000,000 and the exports to only S2 1,000,000. The American tonnage was less than one eleventh part of the whole tonnage employed in trade to St. Petersburg, while the exports in American vessels were, of iron, more than one half of hemp, nearly one sixth of cordage, more than one third of sail-cloth, ravens duck, sheetings and diapers, nearly seven tenths of feathers, five eighths of the whole quantitiesof those articles exported. These facts prove that no part of the complaints made by Russia of the unpro fitableness of her trade during the past year, can apply to that proportion of it which has been prosecuted by America. Franklin Gazette. mi'ting zeal. We all must see the individuals, whose lights and experience making that good which before was use- and the feet covered with sandals. wretched condition of agriculture as it exists among us, and anxiously wish for its amelioration. But this alone is not sufficient : e must act ; and to act with efficiency and success, our efforts must be made in concert. I know no plan by which this result can so well be produced as by the means of Agricultural Associa iions. The benefits of such institutions in for eign count! ies as well as our own, have been fully realized. Writers inform us that the establishment of the board of a- grirulture in England, is the era, when English husbandry began to look up, and occupy that respectability to which it is entrled. At tins day it has reached a high state of perfection, which has been effect cd principally by the means of agricultural societies. I he" Northern States, being that part of out country where the population first filled up, we. find them the first to throw off the habits and practices of the early settlers, and introduce a better state of things. Their lands, like ours at this time, were rapidly exhausting and becom ing ster;l: Reflecting men saw the ne cessitv ot a cnange : out as no one or two individuals, in any neighborhood, could possibly accomplish this by their single example, agricultural associations were resorted to as the only effectual means. Successful efforts were made to bring the farmers together in societies, and to en gage their minds and their feelings in a general plan of improvement ; and won derful has been the change produced in the appearance and condition of their agriculture. At this day, so evident are the advantages of agricultural societies, that they arc every where coming into general sanction. We see the best fann ers, and, in many instances, the most dis tinguished men in the nation, entering v;th zel and spirit into these associations, and laboring to improve our agriculture, and exalt the farming interest of the coun try : men, that a few years ago, directed the destinies of this great republic, think it no disgrace now to aid in managing the concerns of a county society. Even the States, sensible of the importance, in a national point of view, of such institutions, have extended to them legislative support and patronage. In all the states they aie incorporated, and in some of them liber- j will be a desirable acquisition tousot prot-I less ; besides this, you save the timber of The statue is of white marble of the liable knowledge. the new ground as well as much severe finest kind. It rests upon a pedestal of liu: anotner, anu pernaps tnc most im- labour in clearing it. let me here re- the same kind ot marble, upon the sides portant advantage that we shall realize mark, that the saving of timber should of which are represented in emblemati- from this society, will be the effects it will begin to enter into the consideration of all cal figures of the richest workmanship, have upon our minds and feelings. It will land holders in this section of the country : the four principal events of Washington's awaken among ourselves and our brother by our wretched system of destruction, life : his taking the command of the farmers, a spirit of emulation ; it will set it is rapidly passing from the face of the American armies capture of the Bri- us to thinking and inquiring ; and this, of land; and in another quarter of a centu tish army at York Town resigning all itself, will give a spring to our moral and ry we may find it necessary to economize his public trusts, and, lastly, his retiring physical capacities. There is nothing it even for fuel. It is not with us, as in to private life in the tranquil occupation like exciting the human mind to action many other places, where stone-coal a- of a farmer. like arousing it to inquiry and reflection bounds; of this substitute we have none, Jt is said the artist has exercised his give it but motives of excitement, and it or but little. The first settlers of acoun- own taste entirely in the nosition ami rns. ...:u . i ...:n : t. . i, . i i: i r . - i i - . r- . . . 1 .viii titij miu win iijiovc. a ui iuu pui - iiy aic uivay piuuiai ui umuer, uecause i iume oi tne statue, it was represented pose, men, oi Keeping auvc a spun ui u is auuuuaiu, or rainer, me great ODSta- cmulation among our farmers, we should, clc they have to surmount. We retain at stated periods, have Cattle Shows, and the habit of destroying timber alter the agricultural Exhibitions. We should en- reason of it has ceased to exist. How courage them by the bestowmentof prizes few of our farmers economize their wood and honorary premiums. land as they ought. Pass by the clear- Having said thus much upon the advan- ings, and the heart sickens at the waste and destruction. Even the thick coat of leaves that covers the ground, is raked into heaps and burnt ; when, with very lit tages of agricultural societies, I will now, as briefly as possible, turn your attention to the state of agriculture as it exists to him that it was intended to be placed in the Hall of the Legislature of North Carolina, the dimensions of which were sent to mm ; ana it was stated to hav been wisned that the likeness should be taken at lull length, as in the act of deliv enng an address. But the proportions of the monument with the apartment it was to occupy a place in, were of prima ry importance 10 a just exhibition of it, uuiowno. muiu lauuui, mtjf v.uuiu uc reijiuveu anu nc iounu mat they could not be nre- In looking around for the defects in our to the stable yard, where they would in- served in any other way than by rcdu prevailing system of husbandry, one of crease the stock of manure. cing the statue to a sitting posture - the most sirikingis, We pursue a course Another great error in our system of With regard to the dress, it is said 1 e of cultivation that takes all from the earth, husbandry is that of over-croifiing. We could not hazard his reputation by at and returns nothing to it : We go on, attempt to cultivate more than our man- temntintr any other than tht ,u:i; !" 1 ! n r. :n: ri.i .. r.i c. -n :....:r . -r. . I " wmu was year ujici cui, ujjiug oUi ueuis, wunoui uai mice win jusiuy. i nis is a capital tamiltar to him, and which is best adan any painstorcturn tothecarth thestrength defect in our practice, and until this is ted to his taste and ireniiii L. L a. 1 r m-w-r 1 . I t . . . o tuna. uiut cacn crop iaK.es irom ii. we com- corrected, mere can De no agricultural pletely exhaust our soil by an unvaried improvements. This practice, likewise, succession ot crops; and, when it can originated with the first settlers. When produce no longer, we turn it out into old fields, let it wash into gullies, and grow up with pines, and broom sedge, that nev er failing symptom of exhaustion. This is the common fate of our fields ; the sys- thc country was first opened, such was the fertility of the soil, little more was re quired from the hands of the farmers than to sow the seed and it would come ; but now cultivation is necessary. The far- tem that is defacing our country, and ruin- mer that over crops himself, must, in the ing our lands. How is it to be arrested ? first place, put his seed into the ground By stopping short in our present prac- in a very slovenly and imperfect manner ; uces, anu aaopung in ineir steau tne im- in tne next place, he can only halt culti proving plan. It cannot be expected, on vate it. He must of necessity work nart an occasion like this, that all the methods of his crop out of the proper time and of improvement now in practice should season ; some other part he scarcely be fully detailed : neither time nor qual- works at all, until it becomes too late, ifications could justify mc in the attempt, the consequence is, he only makes half a crop. How much wiser would it be to prepare our grounds well, put out less, and cultivate them in a proper manner? Nothing more strikingly exhibits the wretched state of our agriculture, than to compare the products of our soil with what is made at the north. Therc3 it b But I may, in a few words say, that thev all conic under the head of .Manuring. That course of cultivation which takes all from the earth and returns nothing to" it, must prove a defective and ruinous one : all the plans, then, of improing land, if successful? must, in some way or other, vj - - In the opinion of amateurs, this is Ca- novas happiest etiort So he has been heard to declare himself, and the Pope and Cardinal Gonsalvi have expressed the same opinion. It is related of this accomplished artist that he expressed the most heartfelt satisfaction at having had an opportunity of executing a statue of Washington, and he is said to have wrought more upon it with his own hand, than he was ever known to do upon any similar work he generally reserving to himself in such works, only the finishing stroke, or couji de grace. As an exam ple of the estimation in which his statue of Washington is held in Rome, many English and other travellers of taste and fortune would have given four times the contract price to have possessed it. The likeness we understand was taken from a portrait ofhc General, in the pos session of the American Consul at Leg horn, esteemed an excellent resemblance. - A'orfolk Herald. ST. LOUIS, JUN'E 2. The Afi&sissijfii. This noble and ma jestic river has for some time past been upon its great annual rise. It is now- much above its ordinary maximumy-and its rise still continues, insomuch that se rious apprehensions are entertained of a freshet, that may be attended with disa greeable consequences. The tributaries above, particularly the Grand and Osage rivers, are said to bsi annually high, and this accounts for the present alarming height of the Missis sippu Such an immense body of water, mov ing at the velocity of perhaps seven miles an hour, and carrying with it an immense quantity of drift-wood, among which, not unfrequentlvj are seen whole trees, forms a scene at once magnificent and sublime. It is impossible to witness the diurnal rise of this beautiful river, without experien cing those mingled feelings of delight and admiration which the operations of nature are calculated to inspire ; and the reflecting mind, when abstracted from, the cares of ordinary life, and engaged in the pleasing speculation of nature, is unconsciously lifted from this scene of terrestrial grandeur to the contemplation of the Great Being who is the author of nature. Register. CALDWELL, LAKE GEORGE, JUNE I. Professor Silliman, of Yale college, au thor of " A tour from Hartford to Que bec," left this village on Wednesday for the north, after spending a part of two days in viewing the antiquities of the place. We understand he is collecting materials for publishing another volume. There are few places in America that of fer greater inducements for the visits of the enterprising tourist, than Lake George. The natural scenery of the place, the old fortifications, aud the recol lections that this is the stage on which the bloody tragedy has been acted in two wars, combine to render a visit to lake George, at once delightful, amusing and instructive. Guardian. FROM THE XEW-HAMPSHIRE PATRIOT. Domestic manufactures. It has become unquestionable that American broad cloths, cassimeres, Sec. can be furnished of as good and fine a texture as those imported. Beautiful specimens of cloths, from Crowninshield's factory at Danvers, Mass. were exhibited in this town last week. But as wearing domestic is the most effectual iraise and the best sufifiort individuals can give our manufactures, wc have this day purchased a suit of Mr. Abbot, at So 50 per yard, of American broadcloths, as good as English at 6 or 7 dollars. And while wearing it we expect to enjoy the reflection, that instead of our money being sent to Boston, and from thence to London it will first go to Dan- vers thence to be distributed among in dustrious artisans, and the wool growers of the country and perchance some few dollars of it mav find their way back again -to our fiockt ts. There are no cassimeres of English manufacture superior to those made at W. Young's establishment on the Bran- dywine, either for workmanship, perma nence of color, evenness of grain, dressing, orwear. These assertions are made up on a nersonal exnerience ot more than fiyq years.j , Aurora.
Western Carolinian (Salisbury, N.C.)
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July 17, 1821, edition 1
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