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8
7
vn
miSTED AXII PI'IILISUEU, EVERT TUESPAT,
Br BINGHAM & WHITE.
The subscription to the M'kstekn C iitona
13 Three Dollars per annum, payable half-yearly
in advance.
QCj No paper will be discontinued until al
arrearages are paid, unless at the discretion of
the Editors ; and any subscriber failing" to give
notice of his wish to discontinue at the end of a
year, will be considered as wishing1 to continue
the paper, which will be sent accordingly.
"Whoever will become responsible for the
payment of nine papers, shall receive a tenth
gratis.
Advertise? ents will be inserted on the cus
tomary terms. Persons sending in Adver
tisement!?, must specify the number cf times they
wish them inserted, or they will be continued till
ordered out, and charged accordingly.
No advertisement inserted until it has been
paid for, or its payment assumed by some person
in this town, or its vicinity.
CjWll letters to the editors must be post-paid,
or they will not be attended to.
Jew Goo As.
FjTIIE subscriber is now opening, at his Store
JL in Salisbury, a general and well selected
assortment of
BUY GOODS,
II A II I)-WARE, and
MEDICINES,
Just received direct from New-York and Phila
delphia, and laid in at prices that will enable him
to sell remarkably low. His customers, and the
public, are respectfully invited to call and ex
amine for themselves. All kinds of Country
Produce received in exchange.
Iat78 J. MURPHY.
Tj o ov.-lin A Vug B us viuis s .
TT1HE subscriber respectfully informs the citi
JL zens of the Western section of N. Carolina
and the adjoining districts of S. Carolina, that lie
has established the liooh-Binding liusiness9 in all
of its various branches, in the town of Salisbury,
N. C. He has taken the store formerly occupied
by Wood &. Ivrider, on Main-street, three doors
north of the Court-IIouse.
Having devoted considerable time to acquire
a competent knowledge of his business, in the
city of Baltimore, the subscriber flatters himself
that he will be able to execute every kind of
work in his line, in a style and on terms that will
give general satisfaction.
Merchants and others, can have JVanlr Jiool s
ruled and bound to any pattern, on short notice,
as cheap and as well finished as any that cun be
brought from the North.
Old Books rebound on the most reasonable
terms, and at short notice.
Orders from a distance, for Binding of every
description, will be faithfully attended to.
WILLIAM H. YOUNG.
Salisbury, Jane 8, 1821. 53
2 tiw Staje to lVaeig.
THE subscriber, who is
ISJWOT-T&E. the IT. States "Mail between
zsjd Raleigh and Salisbury, by
way of Randolph, Chatham, &c. respectfully in
forms the public, that he has fitted up an entire
NEW STAGE; which, added to other improve
ments that have been made, will enable him to
carry PASSENGERS with as much comfort and
expedition as they can be carried by any line of
itages in this part of the country. The scarcity
cf money, tiie reduction in the price of produce,
cc. demand a correspondent reduction in every
department of life : Therefore, the subscriber
Ij.fs determined to reduce the rate of passage
iron, eight to six cents per mile. Gentlemen
travelling from the West to Italeigh, or by way
of li dr igh to the North, art invited to try the
'.i,rf';r.!:rr5s Stage, as he feels assured it only
jiecvls a trul to iain a preference.
The brv.fi arrives in SalUburv cverv Tuesdav,
3 or 9 o'clock, and dcrrirrj thence for Haleigh
the same day at 2 o'clock ; it arrives in Haleigh
Friday eveninir, and leaves there for Salisbury
on Saturday at 2 o'clock.
M ty 22, 1321. Si JOHN LANE.
AN away from the subscriber, at Charlotte,
JLfc Mecklenburg county, N. Carolina, a Negro
Boy by the name of SIMON; dark complexion,
stout made, and five feet seven or eight inches
high. He sprakr. low when spoken to. It is
supposed that he will make towards the county
of t'rhicc William, Yisinia, as he was purchased
in that county. I will give the above reward if
the said negro is delivered to Isaac ll'i'.ie, Con
rord, Cabarrus county, or '25 dollars if secured in
j-'il, and information given, so that I get him
64;Ti. EVAN W1LIE.
"Wrcj 2-;. 1821. 50
The Editors of the Richmond Enquirer arc
iVMucsted to insert the above advertisement six
weeks, and send then account to uie oiuce 01
ihe Western Carolinian for payment.
uLYjYmaUon Wanted,
"V the children of John Cunningham, de
ceased, who departed this life in Greenville
r.V'vict, S, C. whose wife was named Jane, -Their
youngest daughter, Jane Cunningham, is
now re siding in Bloomfield, Nelson county, Ken.
ruvi ii desirous of obtaining any information that
v. iii open a correspondence between the widow
of :-:N:d Cunningham, or John, James and tlcorge,
t ill! Ire 11 of the aforesaid John and Jane Cun
uiughaai. The said Jane was bound or put un
(loAlie care of Mrs. Armstrong, of South-Cam-liij.
'-vTio removed to Kentucky and brotight the
sa 'd .fane with her. Any information relating to
th -.t v. 11 bj thankfulK' received, by
JANE CUNNINGHAM,
lilonmfiehl. Ken.
rCf E " t. rs of newspapers in Washington City,
North ai.d i cut-h-Candiua, Georgia, Alabama, and
Teut:. e, will confer a particular obligation on
an orphan child, by giving the above two or
hre iiiisriiona in tlie:r TLpcctivc papers.
- - ... fl c
41 I. -J
AGRICULTURAL.
Hail! first oi Aits, source A donu stic ease;
Pride of the land, and paLron cf the seas.
. rnox thi: American FAiiirn.
BY THOMAS MARSHALL, ESQ.
A Paptrr laid before the Agricultural Society of
irgniia.
No.,1.
Oak Hill, Fauquier, Oct. 14, 1818.
Snt The reluctance manifested by
practical agriculturalists, to communi
cate written information on any of the
various subjects which Tail under their
observation, has been a theme oi gen
eral and very just regret. The exam
ple of many northern farmers, who
have made useful contributions to their
respective societies, ought not to he
lost upon us ; for in this way. perhaps,
more than in any other, huve improve
ments been enerailv diffused, :;nd the
acquisitions of individual skill been
added to the common ,toc!c cf useful
and experimental knowledge.
In making the following observa
tions, I have hut little hope of suggest
ing any thing new or instructive ; but
I shall have the satisfaction ot draw
ing the attention of the society to a
subject of radical importance, and per
haps of eliciting observations from oth
ers more competent to do it justice.
Of late years, more attention, than
formerly, has been paid in our state to
a proper rotation of crops ; but still,
the subject has not been suKuriently re
garded, and has been considered by too
many as belonging rather to the theo
retical, than to the practical and useful
branch cf agriculture. Such, howev
er, does not appear to be the opinion
of our societv, and on this account; I
feel the more encouragement to hazard
the following remarks, on
" A rotation of crois, constating cf zvheat,
clover, and Indian Corn.'
The question which presents itself
at the threshold of the inquiry is this :
which of the grain crops above men
tioned is most important to the farmer i
So much depends upon soil, situation,
and numberless other considerations,
that no general answer can be given.
Each farmer can determine readily for
himself, and upon the result of his de
termination will depend in a great
measure trie propriety of any system
he may adopt. Upon very light soils,
or on lands lying, in the vicinity of
towns, or on the banks of navigable
streams, a farmer may do well to cul
tivate a considerable part of his land
annually in corn : but where these cir
cums,tavices do not exist, it is certainly
unwise to raise more corn than is
deemed adequate to the supply of the
farm itself. "In this section of the
country, xvheat grown upon fulloived
land, is in every view the most impor
tant crop ; ar.d to lands of similar sit
uation only, are the following remarks
applicable.
Having premised these observations,
I will now suppose a farm containing
five hundred acres of arable land, and
consider into what number of fields it
can most advantageously be divided,
and by what course of crops those fields
can most profitably be cultivated.
To arrive at a just conclusion, it
would seem necessary to consider in
succession the different modes which
may be adopted, and to point out the
following advantages and disadvanta
ges incident to each. To say nothing
then of the old system of three fields
with the course of cropping consequent
upon it, the evils of which are but too
apparent ; let us suppose the farm di
vided into four fields of 125 acres each.
The first objection to this division is,
that by lar too large a proportion of
the farm will be devoted to the culture
of corn ; the second, that too much la
bour will be required ; the third, that
no ground w ill be left for fallow. The
last objection may indeed be obviated
by cultivating annually three fields out
of four, and making the crop of corn
intervene between the two small grain
crops ; but few farms could sustain so
impoverishing a course, and the rapid
deterioration of the soil would soon
prove this rotation to be as improvident
as the old svstem of three fields. The
only advantage which this division en
joys over others remaining to be con
sidered is, that it requires less cross
fencing ; but as every one knows that
land is pastured by all kinds of stock,
with the greatest benefit to themselves
and the least injury to the scil, when
they can be frequently shifted from
one field to another, no farmer will be
disposed to forego this advantage, and
have recourse at the same time to an
exhausting course of crops, for the
sitke of economy in fencing. On the
contrary, if he should fi 'd by increas
ing the number of his fieius, that he will
at ouce improve his resources for graz
ing, and augment the quantity of the
most valuable grain, he will spare nei
ther trouble nor expense in the collec
tion of materials for that purpose. In
this section of the country, a practice
prevails very generally among the farm
ers who have made sufficient progress
in the improvement cf their lands, of
p urchasing in the summer or fall of
every year, poor cattle, which are driv
en from the westesn and north western
sections of this state, or from the ad
joining states ; keeping them during
tne winter upon tne cnai 01 inc grain
cropi with the occasional use of hay ;
fattening them upon grass in the ensu
ing summer, and selling them to the
butchers, who come from the sea-port
towns to purchase them. This trade,
if it may be so called, has heretofore
been a gainful one, and beneficial to
the community at large. It enables
the grazier to turn to good account the
grass and hay with which his farm
abounds ; to manure his fields exten
sively ; nd at the same time to pre
pare them in the best manner for the
plough. This last advantage cannot
oe propel ly estimated by any but those
who have attempted to turn in a heavy
crop of clover and blue grass with a
small admixture of weeds, as a prepar
ation for a crop of wheat. No crop,
perhaps, depends more for its success,
upon nicety of cultivation ; and the
ground cannot be properly prepartd
unless those obstructions be removed
by grazing or by mowing; of which
the former is by far the more conven
ient a?nd profitable mode.
Suppose, in the first place, the farm
to be divided into five fields of 100 acres
each. There are two rotations suited
to this division, which, supposes the
same quantity of ground allotted to
corn, and the same quantity to wheat,
in each ; but the arrangement of the
crops is different. The first is as fol
lows :
1st. corn ; 2d. wheat ; 3d. clover ;
4th. wheat ; 5th clover. The second,
which is generally adopted in this part
of the country, is this;
1st. wheat; 2d. corn; 3d. wheat;
4th. clover ; 5th. clover. The latter
mode is preferred because the corn is
planted on stubble ground ; which is al
lowed to be a great advantage, although
by no means peculiar to tnis system.
Both courses are esteemed, because
corn occurs sufficiently often to clean
the land without impoverishing it ; and
either may be adopted where circum
stances render the cultivation in corn
of so large a portion of the land, as
one fifth, necessary or profitable ; but
where these circumstances do not ex
ist, the farm may certainly be cultiva
ted with less labour, particularly man
ual labour, and greater profit to the
proprietor, if the quantity of ground
devoted to corn be diminished, and
that allotted to fallow proportionally
increased With five fields such a
change cannot take place, for one or
the other of the above courses must
be adopted; unless indeed only a part
of a field should be cultivated in corn
at a time, in which case a very long pe
riod must elapse before the other part
would come into corn ; and thus one
of the principal advantages ascribed to
the five field system would be lost.
Let our farm be now supposed to be
divided into six fields of eighty-three
and a third acres each, and a greater
variety in the mode of cultivation pre
sents itself. I shall notice but two ro
tations. The first, which is generally
recommended, is the following :
1st. corn; 2d. wheat; 3d. clover;
4th. clover ; 5th. wheat ; Gth. clover.
One advantage which the six field sys
tem is thought to possess over all oth
ers is, that it furnishes the best period
for the return of the corn crop, so far
as the proper cleansing of the land is
considered ; but, according to my ex
perience, one sixth part of the land is
more than enough for corn, and en
tirely too little for fallow. The above
course is faulty in this respect ; that
the corn is not planted on stubble
ground ; an error which may be cor
rected in the following manner :
1st. wheat; 2d. corn; 3d. wheat;
4th. clover; 5th. clover; Gth. clover
But this course is liable to another ob
jection, that the ground lies too long
in clover at a time, and by this means
must become full of troublesome
weeds, andpresentserious impediments
to the plough when the time for break
ing it up recurs.
An excellent modification of this
system has been adopted by Thomas
Turner, Esq. of this county, which
avoids both the errors just mentioned,
and admits annual!' the fallowing of
two fields out of six. This is effected
to sow small grain among the corn,
and reserving the field for fallow in
the ensuing year; but I regret that I
am not sufliciently acquainted with the
details of the plan to give you a more
satisfactory account of It.
To be continued.
roit THE WESTERN CAROLINIAN.
II cec suntmilii inexplacabiliaj
MLSSTIS. EDITORS :
It is common with most newspaper
scribblers, particularly those who are
at a loss for something of more impor
tance to say, to give some elaborate
account of themselves ; and notwith
standing the great Addison himself has
pronounced it indispensably requisite,
in order that your writings may be read
with any degree of satisfaction, I shall
(for I hate ceremony) dispense with so
formal an introduction. If any read
er should possess so much idle curios
ity as to inquire who or what I am, I
must inform him its nobody's busi
ness ; and if it were, that I never in
terfere in the business of others.
There is a species of individuals
who may be considered drones in so
ciety, but who are, in fact, what I should
denominate butterfliesy I might, with
propriety say, equally as noxious. The
following lines are so strikingly de
scriptive of these tnfiers, that I cannot
forbear submitting them to your inspec
tion ; and if you should think they
would prove interesting to any of your
readers, you are at liberty to use them.
Whether they owe their origin to some
newspaper scribbler, or almanack ma
ker, or whether they are the children
of my own fancy, I cannot pretend to
say : but by some means or other they
found their way into my pocket book ;
and as I am one of those sentimental
ists who are fond of exposing the vices
and follies of youth, I could not resist
the temptation of holding the mirror
up to some of my young friends of
both sexes. I have really been aston
ished at the standing some men of this
class occupy in the female wrorld, and
with what contempt they treat the so
ber, moral, intelligent youth, but who,
perhaps, cannot make as great a splash
in a ball room, or in the trifling chit
chat of a tea party. Such truths are
tome inexplicable; but "things will
be so at first."
THE LADY'S MAX.
Not all the favors coquettes show,
And smiles the fop is heir to,
Coilcl tempt mc to become a beau,
Ajid feel as beaux appear to.
No malice, no envy inspires
The banl his advice to disclose :
The favor a fopling acquires,
AVill never disturb his repose.
Though sad, he must always seem gay ;
Though restless, appear at his ease ;
Must talk when he's nothing to say,
And laugh when there's nothing to please- :
Must never look shy nor afraid,
Approve of nonsensical clatter,
And smile at whatever is said,
Good, bad, or indillcrent, no matter.
If Nancy say, Croesus is poor," .
'Tis his to say yes, and agree ;
Or Martha, " two threes are but four,"
Correct ma'am, just four they must be.
Should Susan remark, "it is hot,"
liis answer must be, it is so ;
If Mary observe, it is not,"
To her he consents, and says no.
Vould any dispense with his mind,
I!ow, wheedle, sig, whimper and pray,
And hoodwinked be led by the blind,
To such I have only to pay :
Quit Paley, and stuJy to please,
Read Chesterfield's system of laws,
And then you may bask at your ease
In the sunshine of beauty's applause.
These lines do not only apply to a
few of my acquaintance ; but general
ly we find such insignificants the most
favorite gallants.
BEATIFICUS.
C OJTU"l 'I OA".
The Wilmington Recorder of the 27th
ultimo, contains a continuation of the ed
itor's address to the East ; but as it deals
only in assertions, without proof or argu
ment, we shall give it a very brief notice.
It would be a waste of time and paper to
make a formal reply to it : many of tho
assertions carry their own refutation on
the face of them ; and others are only con
spicuous for their glaring absurdity. In
deed, some of them seem to have been
made from ignorance of past and passing
events, or from some other cause much
less justifiable. The charge against the
West, of a settled and determined hostil
ity to the East, to the u prosperity of the
commercial towns of the state ; of a pre
concerted opposition to every measure cal
culated to benefit them, can be accoun
ted for in no other way. Whom are the
internal improvements, now going cn in
this state, principally intended to benefit I
To whose use, and to whose emolument,
arc our western lands appropriated ? They
are, to say the least, devoted to the com
mon benefit of the state.
But if the West have done nothing for
the East, we would ask what they have
done for us ? They have granted us a
charter for a new college ; and as they are
wholly divested of " self and ' have no
interest unconnected with the prosperity
and importance of the State" (spotless
patriots!) they doubtless with the charter
gave us funds enough to erect at least the
necessary buildings: not a cent ! We
give you a charter, a bit of parchment-;
but we will neither give you our benison,
nor a farthing from the public treasury.
It is not necessary that you should flour
ish, or be enlightened, or powerful ; for,
" absurd as it may appear" to you, people
of the West, " North-Carolina must mea
surably owe her importance, in any point
of view, to the encouragement and pros
perity of the East " What else have
they done ? Let them tell. Let them
point to the roads they have made for the
benefit of the western farmer, or to any
which they design to make ; roads which
would surely be of as much benefit to the
State, as an iron or wcoden railway from
Raleigh to the Neuse. But the charge of
western hostility to the commercial pros
perity of the East, is so palpably unfoun
ded in fact, that it requires no refutation ;
it was no doubt made to accomplish some
sinister purpose ; to gull the people of ih&
East. If it can have that effect, we cer
tainly shall entertain no very high respect
for their intelligence and discernment.
After these few observations, we will
now lay before our readers some excllr.nt
and very appropriate remarks from t!;t
Hillsborough Recorder on the first pu:i
of the address which is the subject of thi
article. After some prefatory remarks
! on that " inordinate love of power, which
has been a predominant passion in alL
Ttf-s.1 and on its effects on governments
! and individuals, the editor proceeds as
follows :
If such, then, has been the universal
prevalence of this love of power on the
old continent, can we expect that the
new will be entirely exempt from its.
influence ? can the waters of the Atlan
tic prevent its entrance to our peacefuL
shores ? Surely not : nor should we be
surprised if our eastern brethren inherit
some of the frailties of other nations.
We must not expect that they wil1
up without a struggle that poweanl