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yoii. ii.
SAIiISlWJlVt, X. C. TUESD.IX, OCTOWfiU 10, 1831.
Oo. "it.
I
irWtMH7TM
mm
PRINTED AXD PUBLISHED, F.VF.IIT TUESI1AT,
By BINGHAM Sc V.'IIITE.
T F. K ! :
The subscription to the U'estmin Cr.ouxi.iN
Is Three H ALirs per annum, payable half-yearly
in advance.
CCj paper will be discontinued until all
arrearages are paid, unless at the discretion of
the Editors ; and any subscriber failing1 to give
notice of h's wish to discontinue at the end of a
year, will be considered as wishing to continue
the paper, winch will be sent accordingly.
"Whoever will become responsible for the j
payment oi nine papers, sliail receive a tentn
gratis.
Aiivertisemexts will be inserted on the cus
tomary terms. mm Persons sending in Adver
tisements, must specify the number of times the)''
wish them inserted, or they will be continued till
ordered out, and charged accordingly.
No advertisement inserted until it has been
paid for, or its payment assumed by some person
in this town, or its vicinitj'.
CCA11 letters to the editors must be post-paid,
or they will not be attended to.
FINITE subscriber is now opening, at his Store
JL in Salisbury, a general and well selected
assortment ot
DRY GOODS,
IIAKD-WA11E, and
MEDICINES,
Just received direct from New-York and Phila
delphia, and laid in at prices that will enable him
to sell remarkably low. His customers, and the
public, are respectfully invited to call and ex
amine for themselves. All kinds of Country
Produce received in exchange.
Iat78 J. MURPHY.
Boot-ftmm:i Business.
rjlHE subscriber respectfully informs the citi-
JL zens of the Western section of N. Carolina
and the adjoining districts of S. Carolina, that he
has established the Hook-Binding liuainesa, in all
of its various branches in the town of Salisbury,
N. C. He has taken the store formerly occupied
by Wood 8c Krider, on Main-street, three doors
north of the Court-IIouse.
Having devoted considerable time to acquire
a competent knowledge of his business, in the
city of Baltimore, the subscriber flatters himself
that he will be able to execute every kind of
work in his line, in a style and on terms that w ill
give general satisfaction.
Merchants and others, can have lilanb Iook.i
ruled and bound to any pattern, on short notice,
as cheap and as well finished as any that can be
brought from the North.
Old Books rebound on the most reasonable
terms, and at short notice.
Orders from a distance, for Binding of every
description, will be faithfully attended to.
WILLIAM If. YOUNG.
Salisbury, Jane 8, 1821. 53
v I
I
HE subscriber, who is
contractor for carrying
thf IT. States "Mail hrtwcni
rflE Raleigh and Salisbury , by
way of Ilandolph, Chatham, &.c. respectfully in
forms the public, that he has fitted up an entire
NEW STAGE; which, added to other improve
ments that have been made, will enable him to
carry PASSENGERS with as much comfort and
expedition as they can be carried by any line of
stages in this part of the country. The scarcity
ot money-, the reduction in the price ot produce,
&c. demand a correspondent reduction in every'
Iepartment ot life : Therefore, the subscriber
lias iletermined to reduce the rate of passage
j . - :i i ' . i
Hum gilt III 8 ML CIllS JiUl UlllU. UCIIllCIUCJI
travelling from the West to Raleigh, or by yvay
of Raleigh to the North, are invited to try the
subscriber's Stage, as he feels assured it only
needs a trird to gain a preference.
The Stage arrives in Salisbury every Tuesday",
8 or 9 o'clock, and departs thence for Raleigh
the same day at 2 o'clock; it arrives in Raleigh
Friday evening, and leaves there for Salisbury
cm Saturday at 2 o'clock.
.May 22, " 1 32 1 . 50 JOHN LANE.
JQ AN away from the subscriber, at Charlotte,
JLtt' Mecklenburg county, N. Carolina, a Negro
Boy by the name of SIMON; dark complexion,
stout made, and five feet seven or eight inches
high. He speaks low when spoken to. It is
supposed that he will make towards the county
of Prince William, Yirglr.ia, as he was purchased
in that countv. I will irive the above reward if
the said negro is delivered to Isaac tl'ilie, Con
cord, Cabarrus county, or 25 dollars if secured in
am jail, and information j;ivcn, so that I get him
n-ai'n. EVAN W1LIE.
.l.;;v 21, 1821. 50
The Editors of the Richmond Enquirer are
requested to insert the above advertisement six
vceks and send their account to the oOice of
the Western Carolinian for payment.
Y the children of John Cunningham, de
ll 9 ceased, who departed this life in Greenville
District, S. C. whose wile wa; named Jane.
Their youngest daughter, Jane Cunningham, is
i.ow residing in Bloomficld, Nelson countv, Ken.
rv.l is desirous of obtaining ;!iiy information that
will open a correspondence between the widow
;f si'd Cunningham, or John, James and George,
children of the aforesaid John and Jane Cun
ningham. The said Jan j was bound or put un
der the care of Mrs. Armstrong, of South-Caro-l'uvi,
who removed to Kentucky and brought the
aid Jane yith her. Any information relating to
the n will be thankfullv received, bv
JANE CUNNINGHAM,
Ittoomf.eld, Ken.
CTj" Editors of newspapers in Washinprton City,
North and South-Carolina, Georgia, Alabama aiid
Tennessee, w ill confer a particular obligation on
:m orphan child, by giving the above two or
t:ir"i insertions in their, respective papers.
IaMs I'm Sale.
IE Commissioners lor the town ot Morgan-
ton will, in pursuance or the powers vested
in them, proceed to sell in the town ot Morgan-
ton a number of lots, laid off in the town com
mons, on the 22u and 23d days of October next;
and should the sale not be completed, will con
tinue until it is. Thev contain a number of the
most beautiful eminences for building, and will
afford a pleasant retreat to nil those persons who
may wish to retire irom the lower country to one
of the healthiest parts of the world, surrounded
bv a rich and fertile country. In addition to the
health of the place, Morganton holds out other
inducements to settle in and about it, as provis
ions can be procured in qreat plentv, ot the best
quality, ana on t lie low est terms. It is expec
ted that the lots will sell on reasonable terms.
The payments will be made in three equal in
stalments oi six, twelve, and eighteen months,
the purchaser giving bond and good secuntv.
THE COMMISSIONERS.
September 1, 1821. (n 66
Catarvvlva Springs I'tvv
virtue of the lust will and testament of
J? Joseph .Icnkins, deceased, the Executors scvcn fiehjs . jn which case each divi
will expose to Public Sale, at the Court-I louse . r i r -n -
at Lincolnton, on the 23,1 dav of October next, S1n the farm Will contain , 1 o-,
live sixths parts of the lot, including the Miner-
:.I Spring-s and hathimc House, formerly occu-
tmctof land adioini, the said lot. containing
on a credit of one and two years, the purchasers
giving bond with apMrovcd secuntv.
DA VI I) JENKINS,) r
U.M. J. WILSON, 5 tecilt01s
JAncolii Counti', J C.
July 19, 1S21. tO 15
"1 y VvttAc YiutvA'luvmuewl .
llHE subscriber resnectfullv informs
.ML.
the citizens ot Salisbury and the
Lu.ljacent country, that he has removed
from his late residence on the north s'de of the
Yadkin river, on the main road leadimr from
Salem to Danville, 15 miles from Salisburv, and
.-
has taken the house formerly occupied by Cant,
Ja- Krider, ii;to,,,o:i Main street a few rloory
I north oi the Courl-House; where he is prepared
to Keep a
Travellers
JfjUi; of Private Entertainment lor
ml citizens. He will at all times
furnish ctab!i:i ,
Fodder and drain for Horses.
........ nrf vii.c
Salisbury, Sept. 25, 1821. 78
N.B. Eight or ten BOAIiDEns will he taken,
at the customary prices in town.
ONE CENT REWARD.
jyP AN away, on the 6th of August, an -ippren-3.
tice boy, by the name of Richard lluivel,
but is well know n in this neighborhood by the
name of Richard Miller. He is about 18 years
of age, and was bound to the cooper's trade. I
will give the above reward, if the lad is deliv
ered to me. JOHN BRIAN.
Poivan County, Sept. 14, 1821. r3 69
GENERAL SYNOD.
A MAJORI TY ol the Lutheran Synods in the
Iv. Ignited State, having adopted the constitu
tion proposed for a (Icifral Svnod .- Notice is
hereby given to the clerical and lay deputies of
the respective Svnods, that the fust meetimr of
the General Synod will take place at Freder
ickstown, Md. on the third Monday of October,
1821, at which time and place said deputies are
requested to appear.
J. D. KURTZ,
Chairman of the Convention.
Baltimore, Sept. 10, 1821.
Editors of papers throughout the United States,
are respectfully requested to insert the above
notice in their respective journals.
LIST of letters remaining in the Voist-Ojjice at
Charlotte, C. on the 1st of Oct. 1821.
C10L. Clunks T. Alexander, Revd. Thomas
f Alexander, Martha C. Alexander, Isaac Al
exander, William Andrew, 2. B James Berrv
hill, William Black, Shederick Bonds, Walter
Bibb, James Burns, Rev. Archibald Brown, Hugh
Bn. son, William Beard, John Buckhannon, Mat
thew Bigham, Jacob Bake. C Thomas Capps,
Caleb Capps, David Chambers, Robert J,. Cald
well. I) Doctor Dunlap, Charles Dorlon, Maj.
Joseph l)o!:;!;;3s, David Dougherty, James Din
kins, Mrs. Dinkins. E Isaac Erwin. F Henry
Foster, Isaac I'reasure, Nathaniel Farrow. G
Nathaniel Guire, William Goforth, David Graim-
shaw, Jonathan Griiicn, Henry Golson, Daniel
Galispic, Sand. Graham. II Miss Nancv Hous
ton, Whitn.lh Hi!!, Joshua Hadh-y, Daniel Harri
son. I -John Irwin. J Mrs. Rebecca E. Jones.
K Mrs. Nancv Kennidv, Joseph Kerr. L Miss
Sarah R. Long 2, John Little, William A. Lawing,
Mrs. Richard Lone. M John MeCullah, Job
Mills, Adam Meek, John L. McRca, Charles Ma
son, J nomas Mackv. John McNeler. Judith N.
-
Munroc, William Matthew, Thomas Murray,
Adam McRavcn, James Malwcc. N Sterling
Nicholson, John Ncelv. O Joseph Ormand.
r Col. Thomas G. Folk 2, Capt. James Fotts,
David I-crvines, William I'ortcr, Joseph Pcrvincs
2, Wilson Barks. R John Ray, Tomj) Ray,
James Rodgers, John Ritch 2. S John Stansil,
Seth Sexton, A. Sing, Addison Sample. T
William Thompson, John L. Thompson, Capt.
Samuel J. Thomas. W John C. West, John
Walker, William J. Wilson, Miss Cathei-ine E.
Wilson, William Wylic, John Wents, Jeremiah
Wents 2, David Walkup, Joseph Wilson, Thomas
Wairgoncr, John Wilson. t72
WM. SMITH, P. .V.
LETTERS remaining in the Post-Office at Con
cord, .V. C. Oct. 1, 1821.
LIZABETII ALMAN. B John C. Barn-
hart 2, Andrew Bain, Thomas G. Barnet 2.
C John Case, Jacob Coleman, John Crittendon,
William Carrigan. D l'hilip Dry. G Gideon
Green, Nathan Green, E. A. Green, Robt. Glass.
II James S. Harris, Abigail O. Harris, Lewis
Honeycut. M Samuel McCurdy, Job Mills,
Gideon McRee, John S. McCurdy, Thomas Mc
Eweri, Richard A. McRee, George Millar, Wm.
McLean, Francis Miller, Macamy Moigan. N
Daniel Neisler. R William Rose. S Henry
Sossaman, John Stevenson, William Sifford, Mar
garet Sitlbrd, James Scott, Esq, Alexander Scctt,
Alexander Scott, jr. Elihu Stafford. T Hugh
W. Ta lor. W Wm. E. White, Andw. Walker.
DAVID STOIihX,
AGRICULTURAL.
... -
Hail! first of Arts, source of domestic ease;
Pride of the land, and patron of the ser.s.
mott THE .AMERICAN' V-VIIMER.
IVotnVum Cyo)s,
BY THOMAS MARSHALL, ESQ.
A Paper laid before the Agricultural Society of I
I irgima.
Concluded from our last.
The next system in order is that of
j acres.
Two courses may be selected
as applicable to this system.
lst- corn 2cL wheat; od. clover ;
itn. wneat ; Jtn. ciover ; oin. wneat ;
7th. clover.
The first of these is the preferable
mode except that the advantage of
planting corn on stubble ground is lost,
Both are valuable courses, and highly
to be recommended where circumstan-
es render it necessary to have as much
as one seventn oi tne lana in corn,
he only obiection to which the seven
I r i i i i i i . .1
Iieiu system is nauie, is uns : uiat u
i . ... i i i
cloes not admit the maximum ol lallow
of which the farm is suscentiblc.
, t d j the ast 1q
' . . ' .
,U5sC int- -u uc uiv iucu nuu ciiiii
fields of 021 acres each, and the rota-
, f ka ,i,f,i ,lr;ii ,ir.,.l In n
nuu iu uv, tiuuiiicii win utiv.im in utkai
measure upon the condition oi the larm,
and upon the comparative profits of
grass and grain. This division admits
of important changes in the rotation of
crops, without the alteration of cross hundred acres of fallow ground prepar
fences; and the farmer may proceed ed for seeding in four days ; whereas
from a lenient course ot crops, in which
only two fields are annually fallowed,
to one in which greater demands are
made upon the soil. In either case,
one field only is allotted to corn, a strong argument is derived from the
great portion of which may be manur- consideration in favour of any system
ed, and the produce will be found suf- which admits of the most expeditious
ficient to supply all the wants of the seeding, and of course the greatest pro
farm. For let us suppose the average portion of fallow.
produce of the corn field to be six bar- In the foregoing observations on the
rels per acre, the crop will amount to various systems, no notice has been ta
375 barrels ; an ample supply for the ken of a difficulty, common to them all,
labour necessary to cultivate that quan- that provision is not made for a supply
tity of ground in corn, and to fallow of hay for the use of the farm. Un-
three times that quantity for wheat,
Should the profit on stock be found
more considerable than that arising
from the culture of -rheat, less labour
will be required on the farm, and there
will be a surplus of corn.
The first course applicable to this
system is as follows :
lst. wheat; 2d. corn; 3d. wheat;
4th. clover ; 5th. clover ; Gth. wheat ;
7th. clover ; 8th. clover; yielding four
o-rain crops, two of which are upon
fallowed land, in tight years. A va-
riety in the course might be suggested,
by supposing the corn to be planted on
clover ground instead of stubble ; but
as this would not change the number
of grain crops in any given year, it is
unnecessary to do so. The second
course, designed for a more improved
condition of the farm is this :
lst. wheat ; 2d. corn ; 3d. wheat ;
4th. clover ; 5th. wheat ; 6th. clover ;
Tth. wheat ; Sth. clever : yielding five
grain crops, three of which are upon
fallowed land in eight years. Conse
quently 5-8ths of the farm will be an
nually in grain until the termination
of harvest ; and as it would probablv
be found necessary to break up one of
the clover fields before that period, it is
apparent that this course is less favor
able to stock than the preceding, and
must be discontinued so soon as wheat
shall become the less valuable article.
That many farms in this state are able
to sustain this course of cropping, will
he evident by comparing it with the
system of five fields, which is in gen
eral use. In the one corn, the most
exhausting crop, occurs but once in
eight years ; in the other, once in five ;
while the quantity of ground annuallv
cultivated in the first, exceeds the
quantity annually cultivated in the last,
onlv bv one fortieth of the whole, or
two and half per cent.
With a view to test the comparative
profit of the different courses referred j
to in these remarks, we will suppose,
that in each instance every acre of
ground shall produce six barrels of
corn, valued at three dollars per bar
rel ; every acre of fallowed ground,
twenty-two and a half bushel? of wheat,
ej timated at one dollar and twentv-five
cents per bushel ; and every acre cf
corn ground, fiitecn bushels of wheat,
estimated at the same price. The fal
low crop is fairly stated at 50 per cent.
more than the corn ground. I have
generally found it to be nearly double.
The result will be as follows :
No.
of field.
Proceeds.
l'our
Five
Six
Seven
Eiirht
7iU
600
500
42S 4-7
375
HJT6
3750
3125
42X5 2-3
37 5 G
5156 1-4
$4593 75
6437 50
5106 25
C612 78
53 12 50
7570 31
2.
From this statement it would seem,
that the gross revenue derived from
cultivating the farm in the manner last
proposed, exceeds, that arising from
any ol the rest, supposing every arti-
cie to ue converted into its equivalent
Lin money ; but, when it is recollected
that corn is by no means so saleable an
article as wheat, that more hands are
required to make it, and of course
more mouths are ready to consume it ;
and that the economy observed in using
it is always in the inverse ratio of the
quantity made : tne system ol eient
fields must be allowed to have a still
i .i . .i
greater advantage over tne rest man
I .
would appear Irom the above statement
Atrain. when the field is larp-e in nro-
portion to the residue of the farm, no
. . '
lanucr in mis section Ol U1C tuunm
could sow whent nnnn it in due time
:t .,i i u:
" iinuui ci uiaici lai aui lUiJiiiLiik vjl ilia
tallow, or a considerable augmentation
of the labour employed upon his farm,
Four men, with as many harrows, and
j three horses to each, can put in one
twelve ploughmen cannot do as much
upon corn ground in the same time :
And as the time for seeding is much
:ircumscribed by the Hessian Fly, a
less the farm should possess the ad-
vantage of a sufficient quantity of mea-
(lows in addition to the arable land, this
difficulty will be sensibly felt ; and in
those systems which reqtiire but few
fields it would probably be found ne-
cessary to make temporary subdivi-
sions, or to have permanent lots for the
purpose of supplying hay. The quan-
tity of ground required for this object,
on well improved land, is not consid-
erable. In a farm of five hundred
acres, twenty or twenty-five would be
sufficient. In the system of five fields,
therefore, by way of example, too great
a sacrifice of pasture would be the con-
sequence of devoting an enlire field to
tne scvtne, ana it would be lountl tie-
sirable, if not necessary, to enclose a
part of it, a resource not only for hay,
but clover seed. In the svstem of
ml
eight fields, if the first mentioned
course be adopted, less difficulty will
be experienced than in any of the rest,
because the number of fields in grass
will allow the use of any one of them
for these purposes, or such a portion
of it as may be required, without ma
terial inconvenience. Should the sec
ond course applicable to that division
of fields be adopted, the inconvenience
may be remedied without a tcmporarv
fence in this manner : instead of fal
lowing the whole field in the eighth
year for wheat, leave twenty-two a:id
a half acres unbroken, and forty acrea
of it only will be in wheat in the endu
ing year. The part remaining in clo
ver will furnish an adequate supply of
hay and clover seed, and the prcc.cch
may be safely stated to be the same in
value as if the produce had been wheat.
The year afterwards, the whole field
will be planted in corn ; and I would
suggest the propriety of sowing only
so much of it in wheat after the corn,
as had been pretermitted in the prece
ding fallow. This part of the field
having been less exhausted, might,
I libls. j Bush.
j of corn, j of wheat, j
j with the aid of careful cultivation, be
made to produce a very profitable crop.
The residue of the corn ground may
be sown in rye - and when it is recol
lected that the r e crop can be put in
whit much greater expedition than
wheat, cultivators answ;rin the pur
pose of ploughs,) the greater latitude
is adnr.s.-.ihle in ths time of sowing it,
and muih k-ss expense in securing ic
at harvest. The actual profit will be
found nearly the same as in the prece
ding statement, and the trouble con
siderably less.
But I -should : strongly tempted to
abandon th- practice of sowing small
grain of any kind upon land just re
leased from the exactions of a crop of
corn, and forego immediate profit for
the more durable advantage derived
from the greater improvement of the
soil, if I could be satisfied, as assured
by some, that clover will succeed when
sown upon corn ground, without the
aid of what is called a sheltering crop.
An experiment of this kind would be
most likely to succeed upon ground
previously harrowed ; and should it
prove satisfactory, the system of eight
fields would appear under a new aspect.
Not more than one-half of the land
would in any case be occupied, in any
given year, oy grain ; and not more
than one-eighth by corn. From the
greater proportion of fallow, the gross
profits accruing to the farmer would be
scarcely inferior to those derived from
the cultivation of three-fifths or four
sevenths of his land, while the expen
ses attendant upon it would be consid
erably less. Every operation of the
farm would be conducted with easv-
and satisfaction to the oronrietor : air
his profits annually increase with tfc.
increasing value of his land. and
1 am, respectfully, your obedient servant,
THOMAS MARSHALL.
Dr. John Adams, Secretary of the
Agricultural Society of Virginia.
The following- method is recommended by
Mr. Farrow, a member of our society, and a far
mer of hig-h reputation, when it is wished to avoid
a crop of small grain immediately after corn, and
at the same time insure the growth of clover :
In the spring, after the corn is taken off, sow
oats, at the rate of one-half bushel or three pecks
per acre ; Harrow them m with heavy harrows,
and upon the ground thus prepared sow clover
seed and plaister. The oats will be a fine pas
ture about June, and should be fed on just be
fore they would come into head. Let the stock
be then taken away, and the oats will spring up
again. The field may then be pastured a second
time; when the oats and clover mixed will fur
nish a rich repast. The next year no oats will
appear, and the clover will enjoy exclusive pos
session of the soil.
Original.
rOR THE WESTEHX CAROLINIAN.
Iredell County, Sept. 23, 1821.
MESSRS- EDITORS :
Feelings of benevolence prompt
me, at present, to lay before you some;
observations on the state of Houses of
Correction and Public Prisons. I am
more strongly induced to do so, from
having had it in my power to visit and
examine particularly some prisons con
structed on plans so effective, and so
well organized in their government, as
not only to preclude the possibility of
escape, but to preserve the health of
their inhabitants from the ravages of
the jail and typhoid fevers, or such as
are incident to places that are confined
and liable to accumulations of filth.
Besides the preservation of the health
ard comfort of the inhabitants of bride
well, the health of the neighboring in
habitants should also be consulted.
Here the suaviter in modo and fortiter
in re, obtains, as well as elsewhere.
The strong should here combine with
the elegant, the ornamental with the
useful ; and buildings for these pur
poses should have dry, elevated situa
tions, exposed as much as possible to
the action of the sun and air.
in a climate such as ours, where the
heat c't summer is not excessive, the
advantages of inhaling pure air, and
jthe sudden evaporation of iroicture,
! more than counterbalance the increased
neat tn:u would result irom exposure
to the direct rays of the sun. A judi
cious choice of situation, besides the
advantages already enumerated, would
reg.de cur citizens with beautiful pros
pects oi elegant buildings, and orna-in-jnt
our towns and villages, instead
of disgusting with noisome effluvia and
loathsome sights, issuing from a gene
rator of disease, -disgust and pestilence
i
1