Newspapers / Western Carolinian (Salisbury, N.C.) / Feb. 8, 1825, edition 1 / Page 1
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I 4 r i i voiv v.i 1 V I VI W -- - SAL18BURYfy;C;;..rUESI)AY;FEBRUilYi ' raism -vauiHin, irur Touoit, Tm terms of the Wetter Carolinian will lereitiler be M foilowti tufWiMJUirt ytmr, wsy sble In Advance. ; t 4 rX!L3. .. j. 7; :.: No paper discontinued, "(except at tlx option Wf the tditor) until nil arrearages arc paid. . Aavcruaeroenis m oe mtertea a: any tenia per a qwe iwr jt fu insertion? tnatventyfir e oents tor eacn subsequent one. JkU letter addrtsacd to the- Editor.mutt b ftu-pau, or tfiey wiU not be attended to. .. XutrrwalJIniprotrmfnt. peon tu ansa cecatt vatbiot.. ON THE CONSTRUCTION OP ROADS. -" The proper construction tod preser- II- - i - vaiion oi puwic roaaa areooiectsoi toe firii Interest, Their permanence de. pends entirely on the manner in which -theyirrfdraie dfand the expense of repair is regulated oy we correct ar erroneous principle! adopted by,thoe who have charge of them. ' - ltoad - in our state are of three de. ways, and tbe'towoship roadi. both "ol which ire made and kept in order at uuuiiKi csncnar, ou lurnpue roaas, :.k!.k V JU-k - ..it.. ' Truivu uaiaucca cuntuunca oy private capital, ana by large and liberal contri butions frjfm the commonwealth. It has Veco frequently remarked bv our citizf ns who have visited the' eas tern states, that in those parts of. the Union, the town toadt which are the same as our public highways or town- ship roads, are tetter made, and are always in better order than the sane loads in Pennsylvania. Why this, is "the case, it "will sot be difficult to show, atad at a futute period iomef acts may be communicated on this subject. At present, it is, however, only intended to invite the attention of the citizens of thtrcommonwealth to-the known and acknowledged fact, that our cub. lie roada, which are under county and township charge, are bad in their lor tnatiooand almost entirely without that care which is necessary to make them paaanbU at eooa periods of the year,; ' To the turnpike roads in Pcnn vaniajvit ia the -purpose";thU paper particularly tu call th Public attention, and by a statement of the erroneous principles ' u'p6iwhichTTftey"'h'airtleeTi made, and an exhibition of a better mode of constructing and repairing them it is hoped extensive benefit will be obtained, ' In the formation of our turnpike roads we commit four great errors ; 1. We die a trench m which to olace the larcre stones which are the foundation.: ...the ' road, and which receives the water "that -percolates Tthrgugh,and undermines and loosens th coaVof b the cover of the road. Those large atones scarcely ever consolidate, .2,. Our roads arc quite too convex, whereby carriages are net easarily kept in the middle, which is worn down, and thus presents a sort of basin for the reception-and .detection of ram 3. Our stone is not brokca small enough, and our roads ate generally encumbered with large stones, which interrupt the progress of carriages, :witBp thczwheclsand, byJLh-cjylt, - mjutre the roads. 4. There U rarely a trench or ditch tutat the side of our roadi,-to carry off the Tain watery or if ut it ia very "ieIdomIepTrree At these errors, we are not to won der r for; -England, with centuries . of experience in road making, and . ten fold the experience of turnpikes that we have had, has until lately pursued txacuynheiame careerrwhichreven .at present, is continued in many parts cf "thaTTsland. Cm a ttevr systein has been introduced tberc within a few years past, by Mr. J, JL. M'Adam, - which haa stood the -test ol the . m! 1 rigorous acrutinyand received the - most unqualified -approbations of par iiamcni-oi uie post niasicr general' of the proprietor of stage coaches, "and of numbenDf the mostTnlighteft. - d person-, in the nation, It forms no tUghtttcommehdaliotrof thi aystew, that Mr. M'Adam and hiH.miir. un- eer his direction and on his system have been and are employed in the tonstruction and repair of different roads to the extent "bP neatTy""?00 miles and that he is contulte J, and - hirplawfollowedrby ""the tnajrsr of all, 'jhliiamtwfrinaz The ieadios: feature! of ,Mr. M. Adam's systeta7are-that the: best foundation- lor-Trqad tithe fiatura! soil that this' foundation; 00 which the Srpken stone ja iobeTai,ought inches, :aJoveiwhat is usually termed the Vdersumm stenea should -be broken so as not to exceed siJK: poncef weightfffrritai1 recently declared a preference Of three) and io ' completely consolidated as to prevent the penetration of rain-that theitone should be as far as possible homogeneous, as the mixture of hard stones: with thole easily friable is high, ly pernicious and the bed of the road ghouMbOecufccr uncJeFwattr by drains er ditches. The means by w hichto produce these effects, are de tailed in his work at length and in his various examinations by order of the house of commons, and are comprised i4ne loiiowing piainruiesi IV" The first operation in making a "" t - " a 1 a . roaa snoutd oe tne reverie ct uiccring irentn, t.ne.jroaa snouia not oe sunx below, but raised above the or dinary level of the adjacent ground. Care should be taken that there be a sufficient fall from the road to the ad- acent ground to take off the water, so that this ground be some inches below that on which the road is intended to be placed, , , Side drains, er ditches, to cany off" the water are indispensably hee&sary. 2, Having secured the soil from HflfcrjMler, the. oeiisare ja to,ecure it from rain watef, by a solid road made of clean; dry stone or flint, so selected, prepared and laid, as to be perfectly impervious to water. This cannot be effected, unless tbe greatest care be t-ken, that no earth, clay, chalk, or other matter that will hold or conduct water, be mixed with the broken atone, which must be so pre pared, and laid, as to unite by iu own angles ioto a firm, compact, and im . 3. V The large stones usually hid at the bottom of roads as a foundation, are not mly a useless e xpense but posjti yelyJHorious j as being conatant- y shaken by Heavy carriages, mey keep the upper stratum loose, anu open for the reception of rain water. . 4. " The stone, for as we term it, the metal) is to be laid on, not all at . 1 -f .1 -i once, out in layers 01 uircc lutuca thick ; after the first layer is laid on, it is to be subjected to the traffic, or if the roadis not open to tramc, a roller of iron should be used, if the weather be sTuIwciTlf mhTWttf j water anould. b.hrown on it for? notOTcwill consolidate wnerV erfec'tlyry 5. u Much has been satd and writ ten upon the strength of roads.- -My experieoce lead, me to the conclusion, that six inches hickness of well brok en stone, properly laid on, is quite suf ficient, provided the bed of the road be mad and k ept dry;- Of late y ear I have made no road thicker j but on the second year have given it an addition of three inches, luosening a little of the hard surface of the road, about an iuch deepr to allow -tht new aod. the. old materials to unite j going upon the principle that the natural soil is the real carrier both" of the load and "the carriages f and that if it. could be kept roads would be altogether uiihecessary. 6. " The thickness af a road is im material as to its strength for carrying weight. This object 11 already obtain ed by . providing a dry surface over which the road is ta beT)laced as covering, or roof, to preserve it in that etateyexperience having ahewathatif water passes through a road, and nils the native soil, the road whatever may be its thickness, looses its support, and falls to nieces. I ii the., only proper method pit brcalTu ruetvesr Doth for - effect and economy, is by Pcnont tittmr, 1 be stones are to be placed in small heaps t and : women, boys or old men, past hard &borrhoaU tUdwniihriok them-lh-fmaUAammen,9Min0ne thall exceed six euncet in veteht.' 8. 14 The stones should be broken very:- small. la recommending six ounces is the 'proper lire-,-1 "went as far asjbe . then olrejudiceswould uui experience nas convincca mei:th half that site ja tore useful and more profitable to thf country pfopeily applied, th is no occasion for the covering of grav.i pr ilateand I object to it, aj preventing e toe. 9vh.uuuu hi. mc jionc oy ieeuinz tne mil4 A.l.i. srwelun ueb vjheir own jintlcs: : i LB..JiTh.4 reasak recomraenctag me iayingon tne stone at diaeitnt ttme, and iw:Jyerjtldtif ; pe whole quantity be laid 00 at once, he under part lever consolidates pronely. but continues loose, and tends to lob- en the upptr part so as to allow he water to pisa through, - 1' ja ii Lr.i . r . iu. jxoininpt 11 to oe laid on he dciMtoniPftewof-bir Broken itche will combine by iu crn angles intd a smooth, solid surfie. wrucn cannot be sleeted by vicii iuucs 01 weatner, 01 aispiacca byhe action of wheels, wUch will pass Vtt tr'w ithoutjolrdrci)Bse;qmily without injury. ! ' ' i 1 . u A carriagd ought al ajh as possible to stand upTigU itreling. f have generally rbvtyfxw inches hither in the centrfthan at the sides,1 when they are ,ghtecn feet wiuc. ji tne roaa oe samu ana wen made, thn water will easy run off in such a slope, " Whenroadian fcry convex, the track in travellers generally foil the.middle. hicKiU: ie only pan . where a carriage can upright by which means three fuir ra are made, one by the horses a two by the wheels. ' Alxre water ida on a very convex road tran ono i that is rea sonably flat,' 13. " Ten inches of vill consolida ted materiala are equal to bear any kmdol carnage. j 1 do not care whether the substra tum be soft or hard inleed I should prefer a soft one, provided it was not such as would not allow a man to walk ver it. be on the higher side of the road, where it will receive the water falling from the high ground, and . keep the road drv, , 15." The- materials-should be cleansed of the mud and soil, with which they 'are mixed in their native state, on tbe spot where they are pro cured. If gravel be used it ought to be cleared by screening, or, if necessa ry by washing. Some addition will be hereby made to the expenses in the first instance but it will be found the most economical mode in the end. 16 ifT.en.tv.p?r cent, of the ex pHEWoi.f Improving 'anTwuarniig ' TwltMcJt trees, particularly on the subnylide; intercept'iR. the influence of the sun . .17--.Caziuges, whatever be the constru ti.i. of their wheels, will make ruts in a i.evvly made riad till it con solidattshowrver well tho materials may be 'prepared, or howeverjodici ouslv applied. Therefore a careful ptiscn must attend for some time al 1 a ter the road is opened for Use, to rake in the track made by tbe wheels. Jt is a curious fact thai the roads m Sweden, which ire among the best in the world, are made on the plan ador- fed"bv""M tr M A damr On " these yoads ,00 atone, js ff.crktdlarger.ban a -walnut . . Remarkable. k Paris paper fur- nishes thel following remarkable, anec dote. About 100 years ago, a man, aged 18f was condemned to the gal lies Tor a huMred y ear and one "day. the man Aa$ tujered in full the sen Unee oflKe7awaiiii6WJXnTnrA to Lyons in trance, where, claiming an estate belonging to M family, the proprietor, - M, Beftholon,-who . had thought the purchase very fair and afe, Pgtecd,by :iM.dvice rfjijiU!: yer, to settle the contentious matter by giving .the real proprietor 4000 sienini, ncany - zu,uuu.i na wonderful old man. at the age of 118, haslateTy offered bis hand rsOhian MjajJip-iijrjd be married ! A jury in Chester, Eng. on the.th last September, rave one hundred and twentv-sia pounds stealing; fmore than 500 dollars) damsfes, iivan action Vrei- ting offajingtr in a scufuei- - 11 U. .244.' Lw Critsri'U Jkhsed, - MAUKIACE IN CULVA. .. .Tn Miirt.l.!.. a ' . . tjnuhed by the relatives of the parties, end a presehluttnc made t. ttik.u. rrnnif..'... .L- ' . ."" vu..7 ,y ujc custom ei most coun tries, where the relatives of 4ie hrlA are expected ? bring pwseirtTtoreir Muaaa oay is appointedor . 'mwwuuu iwr- uway one. 1 the bride sets out. locked m , acuan, preceded Wfelatioha. : ; . 7 W,UI "SMea flambeaux a weir .nands.althouph it h to the house of the bridegroom;, to whom tho V .f .1. - 1 t . , ..' , ,V. A , - oy tne nearest of kin4o the bridei Uzhdmbr 6 m T eB- AS SOOn as the bride an tVn. U. I . nan, whe,b.r . ,eed JJ. l i . . v " M,c. me room or naur out before the bride and bride. groom are seated at table, they make lour, reverences to Tien, a aunnnt-rl pirif residinff in heaven. Wh.; .. w ww tu ssa ted at table, they poyr wine on the ground before thev herin tn . U,P "part some pf die provisions themusuii; J"? mon?ent eathof petid onaegruum iit f - . lady to drink j upon which she rises also, and returns him the compliment. After this, two cups 01 wine are ui t, of which they drink part, and pour the residue into another cup, out 01 wnitn they drink alternately, and this last part of the ceremony confirms the nup- . rw I 1 , aw nn n tKs tiaia. 1 ne oriae rnru ivk . at ladies and spends the day wiin mem, .v.. kMfrnnm treating his friends at - . . . . .1 .1 may HIV IIIIVR'v.m 7 O the same time m cp4i In China it would be as uniasmon- able to aDDear in white at a weaaing, ... a 1 .,t wniilrl in turooe. or America, iw , k- A,ii.A in l.lark. 1 he laws 01 Uv avw - China do not permit any subject to have more wives than one ; but he may keep a manv concubines in his house as he , . - . leases : these, however, musi oe 1 . . . -v.- r . . . 1 dient to his wile, ana treat ncr iu..- tr.. The emoeror baa tnree wvi "umber of his con-bioes Is estimated at tnree thousand t thev are called con-nt, or ladies of the palace. If a wife elopes from her hus band, she is sentenced td'be whipped, sad thehusbanday . dispose, of her a slave. Jf she marries another the first husband can cause her tp he strangled. If a man quits his wife and family, the wile, alter an ab- sence ot three years, on representing the case to a mandarin, or magistrate, is authorized to marrv another hus band. A man may divorce his wife for adultery, bad temper, a clamorous at' - . a tongue, disobedience, theft, barren-nesivw-for-any: conUgicms disorder.; this iaHeldomJ rhowever, puit id fOTceV rrm(ht'r-T$rt Patritt. T1BLE-TA1X AT A. B0A&DIKOII0USE. ' BHCAKFAST. Polly. Ma, don't you think this is the, moat beduchiful morning, ever na c'fiur projuced T . Mrs. Prvudfit. lis very fine, in deed, Poll)'t hy don't you ask the gentlemen if their coffee is agreeable! - f I I lf... ,.-J m.'am uoarocrs. bWM " ' Polly. Oendemen, if you don't find vour breakfast palatable only ex pound your wishes, and well think 1 - ...-. ,. ....... ourselves extremely uappy 10 grant ing them. , . Bcars--Hemw'''"NMU," DlXNF.lt. Polly. Mr. Fairchild, have you heard of the -fuel I - Fair. . What? Polly. Have vou heard of the juei that was contested across the river this morning; rair. J : 1 oeg your par- don I did not understand vou yes, Pa irTlotd iri fTTSrties-were- both-- 1 j ,, n m.,rl verely wounded. Polly. O, mercy I The very thought of a jueller quite on nihtlatet roe. Ji,..wiJLyou tiave a churnip 7 Mrs. P. No, dear, but HI liave a pxhatMiJzi-. - TEA. r - - Polly. Ma', will you hive some iagarroTTourtea 1 Mrs-P-- No, dcarl ;m ! don'ifaucy .wc tea ieryou"'3o7P61Ty. PoUy.' I confess my affection for the taccharinc tuetr abate the animotity of the ten, which U very inimical Iq mML appetite, Fair. rPro-dj-giou9 ? -rr-... - . . II J Southern Prcaclier. K--r C8lleelio of eermont, which " Kf" tTke oame i, well prfnud - tnd, moit of thdfll ekxineut n..7 reUy.,eehi-te'H EmatMnaRati."- Prebjrteruii, Me.liudirfand BaDtWiZS , " "111 '131 TV IO pect for th.r.u5,o uie southern states, ami. wi.k m .1.,- cal truth, to produce a SDeed aoie. tf. u.t... tnoua, piojii and enterprising pubfiaher hu a The tubcrihop K, J.... - iTESSH received the unqnaliGed a 1 . . , t "i't" fcw-. vi me lllon: ft ! lit iinniiul R.J - L ... laiiiilinMl imNikidAM .1 .. li.. ..""n - . ' "v "'e eacn tneir pecu--..., ir exceUenciei, and are accompanied bt atlaaet, a an entire new armV i s.:... .77 rather and hit ton. It an admirable work fer r1" M,,c teacV era wiU And mott of the defecti of ether works. nere aui J i - w"i wneipicy'B com the Re. Mr. Emeraoa, UWr. Rhetoric, witb vi an Idrtory, with notei and vm 1 rMvtx vi caca cnapter, by Re, una epiioroe on 111c t,iriiir-nw. "" a . .. AlAAn Wfr Wilkints Valpey'a uree urmmnir v v. oeat editions of Miltofi'a psM.iL?0 per'a Tank 1 Thompaon' Scasoiw, and V Ubort biblical Catechism. . . - . These .works he wW Mil as low as tney can be purchased, singly, in any or the aortaem He ccwimieanis uiapw .f"a," . the oW Academy, fareota ami guanuBw h... h.;, rhiMren and wards nwtrvetea in aucn orancne-, a y-rr-' ". T . . common literature. JON. 0. TKEEM AN. ' . 1 .1 . nf rluiinl AT 'irVavirfrmji'. 7v la- ..J. -4 The fine, young, thorough hred Horse AERONAUT DECIDEDLY the finest locking hone of his age. ever produced in the western .part of the state, will stand i7t iuinirieiiton at my stable, in Rowan county. ten miles north east from Salitburv, and Seven) aouth-weit from Islington, at ntteen qonaiw the season 1 ten dollan, can, me wngw kv v and snecial contracTa wui e a sor inauranoe, in ,lt W partianUj ruH mmd circumstances. The seuon will commence on the lath ot Feb ruary and continue until the let of August. Hw will be found constantly at bit station, eseepe wHen taken to he showa at publio places and especially during the terns of tbe Superior and County Courts at Salisbury and Lexington, at which placet he will stand several days each term, ifi eonvehfenCTorflie"" SMomodattoa of gentlemen who have not seen him. fefxiMiri.....Aeroiuut it a beautiful mahog any bay, with btack legs, mane and tail, a Mar and blase in his face, four yeara old next spring, nearly sixteen hands high, remarkably hoary niaae, uniung in a uign aqprer ue use, eia- nce and grandeur ot hut aire, the imported ret Eagle 1 with the great lubatance, symme try and compactness of his grand-tire, the im ported hone Dion. The great strength: and" weight of body which he will acquire at full age, will entitle him to stand higher ss a horso of power, taan.any imported bone that ever stood in the eounty, except the imported horso Clown,,and to em. ui'tfiat f(Bifceatr leant equal. ... -. -. He had a few mares last. Mason, from whicli. X srn'flTI Thtl hw nrmlfs Mr 17 attain the renutation of a sure foaleetteri and TroVBTfiTt- youth, the excellence of hu conrtitution, the fine aize, figure and performancca of the stock from which he descended, he cannot well fail to pro duce as fine colts at any hone in America. J'EDlGJrEE-JkervTmit was get by. th imported haraa.Eagle 1 hit dam by the Imported horte Dion 1 eran-dam by Ksnectation, one of the best torn of tbe imported hone Diomede, out of a Medley marc, uniting the blood of the imported horses Medley, Fearnought and James, and tbe thorough bred horse Celer, from which it spprsrs that he mutt be very nearly, if not entirely, thorough brad, and deacended from an. -ancestry, the moat renowned of any horse thai . , . . nat ever tppesrea in Miritna or America, aa will be teen by the' following statement i Eagle Wu considered the Ancat and fleetest hone in limrUnd. since the dayi of Childers, and ak wimungs amwned;o. Wnety-Ailiotts--- taod dollani be wu got by VbUintoeri volun teer by Eclipse, Eclip by ataiwnie and Manqu by the Deronthire or Flying Childers, the fleet eat hurse ever known in Engtand. . Ragle's darn was rot by HitHiflyer, a hone little, if any. bv fcrior to the above celebrated Eclipse, gener ally admitted to be the best bom that ever was bv tbe itatement made m hit recommendation in Lnminik or pcrni 111 m wwiu, ipp grutmawm m? porri'ijonai' rnnn bv Enquirer, bx. Dion was got by 8padlle, onc rfthe Kmof u,e lebrated Highflyer i his dam by the Pacniet, 8u. He was fumed for bit great speed and bottom, having Nirwltlrsocll wmrwat koweaty as 4e-win sour mile bests twice in one week j he was the sir oT Cattalin, Don. qulxotte, and many other capital raoera, all of which united w'rtb die blood or (h . above famous borers in America, vis : Diomede, Medley, James, Fearnought and Ccler, conttL tute s pedigree litfem tu few, if any, horaea mvr breil in America. -AH reaauMbU owaanm.triR bt ditteted prevent unfortunate accidenia, but no xetponsi. binty will be admitted for any tliat may occur. 110UEIU MUOKC . jw so."ii 5 r.SbcriOsVl'iffi.Jk?'!?.:,--.. DT.T.mloT land sold by Sheriffs fin smew of 7eares,fer sale at tUX'aroJkjlaa' efflgfi, KAJt t I I i! ,5b : In? f ii V. li ! ; 4 if 4 i 4h iii' -if 1 , 1 11 -- i
Western Carolinian (Salisbury, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Feb. 8, 1825, edition 1
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