North Carolina Newspapers

, .CO.NiTUUTION. f Uu'Mmtrt flepub'itan. : I cannot comply w ' lion rr i'tw Mr. A'! ;.' ' f! Oifitliifl. I lavn hlll iniHJU 1 I'' Ktatci. . . . . i r .... i .r i i. Mil I...1. ir iiiinrr n uriuw r. ioi v,i.". . .. . V . I . I 1 All' T:l .'I I . . . . ..j ...... ,,..! vrK.w il rtfrt r. Tar ana in-. can .him on the wore et rr.nonci iui 7'; i . - . T - .' ' i . f I... a l.iultf rorlpnlirf. Until IMU ouif:w funilitr recollections mo iattriy, ii.x-imw kr, ti ,t err lfunT tht ' H" , , "ytmntrAJm(i f,at?ho time, school- 'n for W)!iliril newer jn potno rj mo 3!uroncan inonaxfhiw. vimo of cir "' 'cumeUinctti I shall dct3,y coromaoJt iiir of hii attention u norclUca. Tt 'On t!i9 rtturn peace, la ,I7?3i Cww -Cr.rffcTrf whe aiyllean,-ftri QllJif . f. - . : i tkir loat pro;ortionf. Vanoui, caiwei preren. ; ' ted ao.-no of ;nemfrm ooirtplyint with the fk call, f nd,w;riturjinilj'l'fcothingcotild La&trk taLen from tb other. It U 4 prefer !o rciiiark, thai the Etatci wm In vitod to UAbow dilliee oa f valorem ar. . ticl; iwt tntni'facrca generally : IaI tU rate of 6 Aw et.iBd apoo tyir.U, coCbe, tea, and other epecified ar ;tk)ei Lut that the LegtJaMro of Mary. " land, o adopting tho plan gtaorwJIy, ki- erfuded ji imrll duty oa exported trticlee, r fct t while, mluceJ the propotcrl ntw fdvdorcm wtklet, firt.tojyo, theolo fcur Srr cent., lut douhleJ thoae on imports bf ritirh tWiypia and ahipa, and iacnutd : i lie rpecifio dotiea, nd moat cf the pro " ' tela lo-I epplied above. The debt of the Conrederacy amounted imcfhirigkwtbaDiixtyinillioni ofdol.! ?rt , ami the necef sify of proYiding for it, j fyst brought before the public the pnpo. ntion to form a more firffrtt amo, aou tbe crration of a Femoral (oerumcnt, y'ltix rxmcf to adojt a. distinct revenue, ad enforce ite collection for the payment rf ufim utpand fuiara-cxpcnsca.01 in? fitatti. in thftir ircneral capacity. I l- Tievo that I hazard' nothing in everting that, for two or three years aflcr the war, Federal fiorernment was not thrujht of for any other purpose1-nothing, certainly, tvai proposed to the public, beyond mch a neecsiar)' reuuc, unlc?a the exactin of i other countries upon our commerce, should render a restrictive rstem an eli gible modo of redren i being already resorted to by this State tow ards England, j ahove stated end the power to regu fate commerce renerallvi was intended further to eecure a free and fair inter- eoarea between the members of the Union. Va'isua cauBen, bciidea (he debt of the Confederacy, reduced the w hole nation to great poccmary difficulties, the pnneipeJ of which was thought to be the importa tion by foreign ship of foreign goods, V.tl; or all ot which were then produced, or made ; in some one or rnbreofthe States; and, in 1760, tho mechanics and -manufacturers of this city, first formed . ' . Corresponding Comnuttee for dewmg tad procuring relief. I nat tnu, ana tne re- tiefojhe public creditors, and these jolQae. we;e the objects of their aaeoeia ion, is a fact proved by tho individual jpWenion of tho members of that Com mitteethe one a shipwright, the other a - Ijlwkimith, and the third a hatter who, jf course, represented, besides persons of fltir own profession, the masons, carpen rs, painters, phuterers, butchers, and .. Jbtkin ; but more particularly those whose AiTJufaetures h xl already been established .... generally throughout the country, u gold- .ssniths, cabinet-fnakers, ahoe-makers, and . ; ttuors, and were, notwithstanding, n billed in the home market;, by importa tions. Such intelligent mechanics as i i , woaaer, roneruen, ana uray, wno were s)H known to me persdhally, and whose jRspectability is established by thoir ap pointment, never contemplated presenting the interest of mechanics or manufacturers tJ?Dt established at home, much less that of t , inamauaisjo do urougni irora roreign - ! i , i a t i a r Countries, Ibe petition from the same classes at New York, expressly state the tides, snd they asked for protection to those which couldeerrinaderhey were petitioning, as it were, to be taxed for the benefit of one another, and not for hje benefit of commerce, of agriculture, for tftfs section of the count ry much less for too benefit of persona who were rivals.1 The shipwrights of New,Tork -nnd Charleston petitioned separately, after yards, to be. protected by a Navigation Jet like that of England ; bat if was nev. There w'ere, howeveri a mimber of ar ticles, the produce of foreign industry (uCh si cheese, butter, soap, and candles which were introduced , 'from foreign countries, to the prejudiee of the agricul tiyal interest and this was one of tho in - iories to be remedied in general revenue Uws J but this class, any more than the josecJianics, manufacturers, or trading peo ple, did not then contemplate the introdue lion of new establishments for the creation of a home market, much less that any of. others have done, is not to protect, it is to the hardy sons of the forest should be sudjsjojrage, if not destroy it is to create denly and 'forcibly converted ink) mere -inducements to emigrate, and relieve for onsumers of their products of any kind, j aignars and foreign nations, at our expense Finally, ia 1787, the State Legislatures and convert a free and happy Confederacy ffaf iMegttof 19 dftH Axticicj cf C ist9 B xtr.icd gud etayed cjbpirc. f 'Irr.-lK il, ! : ll.r-n tW ) cf :: m ' l'i Ifral ! u ii.it.' ' ' c T j - f I. 1'y tho- i: t ; '. G.Iim !.'.. :i O" ' ' tld ir I:.!,' r liliof'.i A! ' detlarrd that taxra i:i ,"U I ' , !. i.. ; 'i it V I J, among J , . a'Jf beneficial, wa aidciTd the GoTernmcr.t a Confederacy, lljo title United Siatei, means-It lbs narr.S Ftdrrul Conttifulien, means it, of thers isnomeoninalnwords. Those who advocated its adoption, were termed Fed eralist." " President Washington selected era ittfh I fl'Slueni ifsanincriw iw;iu imotiCTl those so called, and thsy cootia- ued to hold the name with pride, until it included, or was supposed by many to in elude, anti-rfpuUkardsm and eonsolida tionlsm. The very cherfee made sgainst those friends of tha Constitution, by 'the uame, is an evidence that it was to be eon ia Jercd any thing ebe than a Consolidated fjovcrnment, or one that, under the muds of Federal, was an abruption of all State power, and aa approach to monarchical UOTSrUIUSUt. . . With resneet lo its adoption, howerer, the merchants, traders, mechanics, and manufacturers. . were . unanimous. By their strensoua exertions , it was carried thro the Conventions of all the 8tatcs, and, without them, it would have been rejected by large majorities in almost every State. With few exceptions, it was exposed by all the eminent lawyers of the country snd they carried with them a majority of tbe agricultural intcrcstr It is true, Mr. Jay associated with Hamilton and Madi son in its defence the elder Adams and Jefknnn were sway but it was support ed hv Washington and Franklin : and, if it had been op pedby any two or more of tliese seven great meh7il"U" probable it woolil have been lost forever. For tho want of a strict and express limitation of powers, if encounteml the mighty weight of opposition of Patrick Henry, and many ted attachment to the rights of the people, . ...... and States, were immediately gratified, and their fheodship secured, by the. Wh and 10th amendments, which prohibit the General Government from the exercise 0f, M ; any power not delegated, and which are declared to be reserved to the States res- j pectively, or the people. When ratified by Conventions of nine States, the Constitution proposed, was to be binding on them ; such as did not, re mained free, not only, of distant nations, but of the other States, saving, of course, their obligations under the former Confed eracy and, though generally, it met the greatest oppoifioninlhe larger Statejrof Virginia, Pennsylvania, New York, and Massachusetts, it was in force some time without North Carolina and Rhode Island, as the Confederacy had been without Maryland and some other States, claiming a session of the Western Territory. Maryland, as a commercial Stats, hav ing abondoned the proceeds of the import duties, which, for a long time since, amounted to a million a year, has paid more for the Union than any other, ss the propensity to the ocean has caused greater disbursements of the revenue for their protection, comparatively. However, having-just then arrived at an age to enjoy the privilege of voting, I joined the friends of the Constitution with alacrity, and the two Doctors were elected in opposition to the two Lawyers, by the interest of the traders, mechanics, and manufacturers, who, on its ratifica tion, made the first grand Federal proces sion through the town, in token of their gratification. A . handsome barge was ship-riggid for the occasion; and Capt. Barney afterwards navigated her to Mount Vernon, and presented her, on the part of the merchants, to General Washington. Little, did the gallant commander, the merchants, the mechanics, or the menu fwturerslialydbjreseejh cause of their triumph would,- within a half century, be wielded to their prejudice; that they would be taxed to introduce o- ther trades, or other tradesmen; and that 1 . the independent rights of the States and people be jeopardized by implication I i. " At V j : u - faithful to the Constitution, and the trust J .1 ,1... A. -All ... . repose a in inoup ; oui, ui go iuruir, u j or iweiTB ycar, at icui, uuruig uro . influence or terror, thOV-Wf.re J'.ot mill'"- remainder of the valued The of our first diatcly , put iu forre, enl conq:ior,t!v President, no such coetruction wastoler-; room wa8 still left for ' ir trigue and rc-uc ated, if it ever was thought of. , ; jtion.' The meeting -f the Diet sliowed Tnendurtry" and th supporters mechanics, as well as the farmers, was so of ancient abuses their relative strength, far protected by moderate duties, that the j and the dilTercnces betwo-n them are not rivslry of foreigners in all articles made likely to be soon ar irigc J. S m of in this country, .was annihilated, and all I them insist on a revision tf the federal the additional revenue required was then t compact, and others contend for .ie con imposed on the general wealth of the tinuance on its present footing. The. re country. So far, protecting duties were formers of the Federal Government have intended. The first C!ongresses were ' petitioned for a freedom of trade in the ! U.. " ' li U t v ' y coiuj Tain f f ' ., ,! thrnt ) ,'i l,u! or injury taotwn, fci ' tiun. It U tui a rr though itU in ff ;' tCf rtainc !, ! y if- :," ) IS r;;.i ' j a a r ti lt iiion, i ur thtt tha prof.t f i ibject to A if jr u mowlW rtiuch pmfcr, fur in -tince, .i i Ti. . , iV mnnr.irturra 4 ia cosnroerco t:,i Bgncununi i m,u lbow, which, ixfording to the Rcffiiter rowiufiittured in Ddliroore, hii mtda di vidends cf twenty par centum, before the increass 04 cuues ia 10 t uim, !l Mirh cases of exorbitant profit reduce ----. . . . r ail Mif additional iaiwiU." N1 Ph ar ticks as are, or may Ve imported from" lUeign countries, and not now, or then, ac tually toads within the Uoited States, or any of them, or their Territories not U tendiagany applicafino of this system to articles mads or imported, necssssry to national defence ihen- we shall , stand where the people stood while Ibe Federal Constitution was truly respected, end aw cerely beloved- . . O. K , The French papers for some me peat havs almost dairy copied artiolea from the journals of Switzerland, showing the dis turbed stats of ine cantons wmcn compose ths Swiss Confbderation- The revolution ary shock which overthrew the Bourbon throne last July twelve month, was felt in the 8wiss mountains. The establishment of the new principle of popular soyereign- X' 'inwired the mass of the population with e idea that the lime was arrived for a- boh'shing every vestige of privilege and rtios their equality of rights. , Ac jcordingly, by the end of October or the middle of November, eleven or tweive out of the 22 cantoiisbf 1hefoderatiou were in flames. The seperate cantons protected sjainst the tyranny of the Diet the people rose against the councils of tho cantons and the innaDiiams of tne r-nmiM inIr im artna aftainn in nnvilawJ y Z? ged citizens sf the towns. It cannot he -contested that there was much causa for discontent in the political situation of many of these little republics. In some of them, the Grand Council, in whose hands the supreme powers of the state was lodged, was elected by tbe chief towns, and representee! onry ine minority of the population. In others a privileged nobility lorded it over the citizens snd the peasantry. In others, again particular families monopolized all the influence and all the emoluments of the geueral govern menlN Though enjoying the name, and invested with the forms of a republic, many of Qie"cantonTKrw-tbbaia of their rights and privileges narrowed to a kind of oligarchical despotism. In some cases the liberty of the press was abolished, and in all cases much restricted. The active and enlightened spirits of tha country saw that tbe events in r ranee were calculated both to rouse the people to a sense of their rights, and to remove that danger of foreign intervention, the fear of which, during the ascendy of the Holy Alliance, bad prevented them from asserting them. Insurrection of the un priviledged classes accordingly took place in almost every canton, accompanied with more or less violence, and followed by greater or smaller concessions or exces ses. For the most part those in posses sion of power agreed, on the mere display of physical force, to remodel their institu tions, and to admit the people to an equal ity of rights. In very few instances was there any blood-shed, though the people of the country invaded tbe towns, and sur rounded the legislative councils of the can tons With armed and undisciplined mobs. By the end of the year, or before th middle of January, more than half the cantons had agreed to plans of fundamen tal reform; dividing more equally the bur dens, and sharing mors equally the privil- egos, of the state among the cititns of town or country; Inthl9predicameTit were rnbourg, Lucerne, Lausanne, Zu rich, bhafihausen, and even the aristocrat- ' ic arid oligarchical canton of Perno But though nevf constitutions were in many cases vot!d in hast,.;in! un icr thu '. - ' . i interior of the federation for the right of 1 O : L I.; I" j evvry dwiw iu nsiauiiiin nimseu in any canton mat ne may enoose and tor a re presentation in the Diet conformable to tha extent or population of each canton. These claims are resisted by the majority of the Diet; and in addition to contests . , I ; , I t ..,iff-tnl I',, rot satisfy ih5 v !. j r rrf;.t 'i ..r, li.jy x t if pr"i'it l.arUhi;, t c . i xrr, 1 Vt. r ! I.. t t!.o r t u i. a rc ili ,fni will 10 i I ( . . sn,.. WhTi tra ! i f A a:1nih.v,r!tyoft4t,ofca. raciV,.a.l.f ry, that tlicrow,!! U lm ichanU.inerJ'Jy-.i .. . i til thcrr -tecUoO of . 1 1 ,, , ' , . an are r' j , , . la, and ehouM be lisUa la euual UruW, or tare h proportion to their proprny, beth.yr orrich. But when ho el ,f rirh and erwoeruus demand of gov. eminent particular Civors, or . protion, or bcnefitsT ths Claim is unjust, aalCannot be granted without injury and injustice to lk floorer r Utrs, . In other word, that Govsrnment Jl MK which favors tha rich snd llieJiffi' neglect snd injury lbs navuy-sadlhal undertakes,- by importunity, to kfialate for the special proat and advantage of any 4.1. m rJt o'lllTfUL. ' ViiV Vast, mm v aeBvv' t j It cannot be denied, that the TaruTofl 1K9, waa adopted by means ine urgeni request of the inanufactureri of woollens, and for their peculiar benefit, to the doln menior disservice cf other classes tf busi. ness: inasmuch as a heavy tsx is laid oa all purchasers of coarse woollens, and so of iron and hemp. And what is theargument to Justify this unequal system, expressly designed to W ror a few, by burdening ths many I It is, that England does so, and has long mam so. This is tbe great argument. . And who would hsvs supposed, that the une qual, uppresssive and odious laws of Great nt.m rl whirh our fathers long and loudly eomplained, would ba Imitated ia this free country t or rcierrsa n u f apology for a simibarsjrxteral : One great complaint in 17681773 wis that the British parliament fand we were then a part of the British Kingdom, and professed to be ths loyal subjects o! ths king of England) made laws restricting our trsdeTaad'forbiddins; trade-to Bpaia and Portugal ; other heavy duties were bud on some importations, not for our benefit. Ws were required to trade with none but British merchants, and to give them their own price. JLet the politicians of the nresent day take warning. The people of the United States never wul en dare an unequal, restrictive, mooopolizing system. They will readily bear burdens and pay taxes for the sake of liberty, and for the welfare of tha country I but they never will submit to an unequal system of; taxation, however it is disguised, or what ever it may be celled. ' In this suts of the public mind, there is a loud call for ths wise snd moderate .-j tim .m. iA forth and exert their Influence, and by-cunciIiatoyC00r! ho be wtjooedjo appr pa rminMU uu meuurai. 10 cuici un tuiv i . a. i i ofLdjontent, to remove the causes of rrnIinr:andlQros7ivttematonce reasonable, just, and equal. - . " " - south enonE. ran ths iarvii cr ths conrrmmow The following article is copied from the Wsshington Globe; ! 44 Ths Tbiascbt ao txi Ppsuc Dsbt. A leading feature in General Jackson's policy, is the speedy extinction of tbe Public Debt. By the official notices which have juat appeared, it will be seen that the new Secretary of the Treasury, Mr. McLane, is co-operating heartily in the accomplishment of the President's views. He has already given notice for the payment of six millions of dollars on the 1st of January next; and we under stand he bas purchased of the Bank of the United States, on favorable terms, the whole of the Public Debt held by that in stitution, amounting to several millions ; so that the Public Debt, which w ill have been paid offJuring the first six months of its Administration of the Treasury, will consid erably exceed nine millions of dollars." -In addition to the. foregoing information, we understand that on the f rrt of January next, (1832) the whole Pul'hc Dabt of the United States vi!l not tcfeJ twenty-five millions of doliirs and that, on that day, the Govern me.it will ho in posspsMon of stock in tr.c llunli; of th3 ' L'n;( ; States and of morchv t'i h. . is, nil cf which c'rjuld be conv.?i;-H ir.tr; ct-'i. q:al in in amrunt to th" 'i'r t : 5 that, in two months frrm tin? . hvr-h Government i;:ay . bf (n.Jorci di rnVially rsu ntOW 'PEDT and OVfTV pa!l :h l;7 RtJW sol- pmoly called upn to 6??ii.-v u: (.roping it so. We concluA t j.d-y t)ie Xrtirnal of the Fe&faT Conventioa'j" end shall commence the ratifications of th various States in our next. By reference to the proceed ing oi tne 1 4th September, on our first page; it will be seen that a proposition to confer power upon the Federal Govern ment, "to establish a University," was expressly negatived, notwithstanding which; every one knows that attempts to violate the Constitution in this particular, have been made, of late, by very promin ent men. Another proposition to authori ze the granting of " letters of incorpora tion for canals, was also negatived,, which shows that ths Convention waa so desirous i)f-t in howM ' -j . . : .--'I i,i....,. j ma !i h j'-iljiie 1; 12 I.. tlltioll I- " fli'Mit I ' til! iu liuU; , i inirft unc'iirii . powf r wl.i h, of certain t a power of iri' ij it 'y h l. VI1 I I , .... t..iUfc!, t:.i4i i, ti,n .l.'.- CrLiia-.i'.-h, v-!. " ..'.re InS lnjl'' v !-", 11,10 inr i1 tries f tl;cr.'VOffcli;t.itc a , no inJiviJiiil .Sijte cowl.!, cf t ,1.1 cise,' It wllhurU'y L ir-t uV-J, f C:t tl Convention designed to tonl r up.,u f, gress the pov.vr to tux bn p irUiiti i f people, to luakb roadH anl cuiials for benefit of aMitlicr, snd, a, tho snms tim to prevent tho cousiruction ,cf the aao rnsds ami eanala, by tho aluulary tnr. Xutaon of FiiTlH Jl rtusinnoeTTa Urur Cttod by tko. . , . ; letrn that s most unaccounta' i tlc meot, leading to acts tf i,ei,cs an ( j disturbance of public wondup, hu ni- ia Jli, io this state, f.,rti.ruedi, cast. The facts ss far am h.. i. . ; ed thera are these t The Rev. John N MfGt,oftbeNew.EngIand Coit ru' the Methodic Episconsi ,CLufrh i open premg lor a lew wecb in iU city an awakening has followed hu U bors,andthe tnjmber of hopeful ooiei. sioos, week befare, last, were estioiattd a about thirty. Matters proceeded on t etly until Wednesday evening of L week, when a lags mob surrounded t' church with Intentions evidently hostile . , , i i um uis iicT. iur. .niamu llu fnends, i tt. oerstand, ssvtxl him from vioiencs ui tcuch personal hazard. an net i uj uie ciry wa in tmri commotiea,' and the authorities eiprtmj their fears that they should not be able u protect theEcy. gentleman frotnbifta Ha however persevered and pre iched i the evening but the bouse wan nmcd ed by thousands, the meeting interrupt and be was attended to his house U i strong guard of gentlemen whi vt-funt.. ed to protect him from the exaajnki and passion tiesed multitude. We learn,1 however, that the tumuli b subsided. It iss fact highly hoftioJs to that city, that the Mayor, the Rwoii er and other distinguu&ed indivMutli, u. erted themselves to the extent of tbm ! power in restoring oritttdStr', AN ACKNOWLEDGE MEN'TIi l reply to a Mr. FaKcat, who prd a the laTUi tvonvenuoQ of fsew lork.th; . im un aurniua ninn ist th v i - - . i i - waves wr cxnancipaiiontr. irenKjja, nouncti Jatposaljaj one of gmt I titaliAA SJlaaW ftSutAU iL. kJ ..L ..7 said that it would be a flagrant breuh l. A rVtftafiriit.MA SSI .ar . 1 . . i r . a , W " mi rm rrawm awiaaw Mnsai TtzfW0m aw im .van Ukf ww m a am a an m i acusjaa mimii. a t i i r. llUil SMS ununmiju mjm m BUalUlliar I a. ' champion that "the twtnht ays the m: wnicn ine monopolises are enncnoo ; l ?t -L - ! . '11. it less unconstifutionai and unjust to i w nam i i ii am v mwm nniin mp ana niinpni , V.S t M for the benefit of floutbern NV- I'l.a i . r .i a -a. ..(. suv wmij iiusvivuvv sa a a a ..a .a am . .. win not submit to the latter. F.ven From the Richmond Enqnirer. mention was quite the Lion cf t.t .... M IIV A . - - . - . 1 . Philadelphia. i ne northern prims u. ennkan nf an infnrrtew lirfwrrn ilT- champion ot the mck-naracd " An"'" System" and P.P. Parbour.tnc dent of tha Convention. Such an view did take place ot one of the cm tea wiisrar rartiea. in ine nrcseut" rcral Virginians, other dclcgaw, am cuizensoi inciown. . inw " t .a laflTi men got upon the grearhobbyHi but the cataract olfcolloqiiy" n newspaper scribler called Nr. was too much for the writer of erflrf WVW WAAAA Ay I euiion. iMimr. viii - .... . a . . mi. w nrcn r .nt k p. .font ot ffooa "r ' . I . A .i j .L.i l. mi rone u ;n tt wat but he ce eouM with him as long ss hs PM said that Mr. JamfrOf. Carneft, well knowfff TfAhni a Ion? some MZ i ihithMT ( K T.rierpoduced on the ofa friend that perhaps nc u- Mr. C on the present occw" is said to have replied with V thai if he selpc1 more at this time than he did ago, ho 7 was afraid hswouia piv" ry Uttle asaistonce w mm. . yrva U i6 KHUITY n. ..;.!