j .'
Iter ei Hit wife to iltiinin fr
19 SIH'lta fr?i i VM. Which lirai. a . . I l . " ' t ,
Th v!-i rrj o
ire rejotr ia the heart of the ciilwi, and
iii h be evaded with ItttU r-mir..
. twv nuRTflN.cn u:n,
SAUsnunv, noim rotrvrv. W. c-.. movt)av vp!Ut.
or
51 Itim&nAU VTtWt P. Xtogu,
(o NoBT CuUA-)
S. limi TUTTir I HI M-l.., , . 2 '
rvof.;
NO
I war Miunx out ul :.. Ail,
of.ppy,Ur eoKrfiI.M;,- t
which M opiate n,,y WottJ. ,,
growth and dtoDmf1,ij.r.ftli,l' f
I n .,-.
' -.lr.f '" fltffLtroulA.iuouu .ir
f Omrvfrf.l - twwttv ' But fir, Ii It wS:t.it ',
. . ..la... ' .... . : ...
U-itj eireuppo! that l am wronj in all n a wrwn cvii upon ma whole pep
-jnV viewe oaj tliie -object, and that there I b( ia iUtwtt of a
t,i l no constitutional impftdtnviit til j oinr two ami a hnir miIltof do!)
if- - - w - ' j , - lfii , r
of the avatara. ara denmnwi.l f y wtr hkft m not HWf 1v (a h
i lb prioeiplaa of an aulightmrnd po. j whrh, t a, eao briiKj ilh it, in
li.ical philphyi ioqua!ity of ita op. t"ft, but rry utiifht anW tampora-
omiion up tat diflbrcal advaaatiooa of 7i'aT ir, toUm Tanrupn Ihia
(be t ne commanity, u flagrantly unjust trti'jp, ln! fh( $jct will bf
r-frii it ia Bp tUo gmui aacliona of iht pm&'tctf by ,la-ntv-fivt .r prnnVor.
Jersey Cotinrtared wit b rftnraiwa ta I 1 1 iwanty fi ytara, at (h prnwint
ba zrand geograahfcal diniona f lha n' ' V " w"r? iirrnint rto Ilia
eauntry, tlut th IncfjiwlityraiNwityi and p'Pl w IW UwM RtatM wijl hart paid
jren,ara moat iaaai.1 'na iQr D'antfra of Lontiana, nvm
' . . . .
mmrei oi ma aycra, art moat iaaai i n avrirpinnif ra n umitaiata, nwra
&( and moat rumoua. ; j thaa, aistity . oinliona f follara turn
' It inbuilt uoby afih intemta. avtoci. ,''?,,, th W woJolin
abid tofffctber foraalfwh wrpoaca twilh no 7h! P"" d fr wW
-o ... I tuH.ca mir:n .1, . t I - a
r - - j i j Aft T " '
lru.it ftUMic-and ttfwtfej frottiT and tan; I n.w a ara i mo-atrv ivwtt
fcawutod by Ibfl aliharf ibrbearaneo in f h f""" Tie Ct ofprtxW.
U piuntUf of , al other purauiu of indua. !,on "J11 n'rily cottar in Loui.
Jfy.frtdi benefit of tka potected claw, j -n "n ,h nr climate.
4 Vaa. air. thii atructura. ao hurm and I ' Then, air, haw are tka neotila to be in.
! ii -antic, ia raarad by tfee atareiratioa ofjderatiified 'lur fyng tbta eiglitv milliuaa
ta'iat ai wauiar mareriaia ; nara loe doiimi) "" o pwwiwr i na oqo
J Pirisn marble, there tlie rouch rnimlia I U)l1 no one can toll. Then, air,
ben rackr wlcJ upoa each at her in wr. I whr ' " (h benem Tba direct benefit
Lei crtoterapl of aymmetry, baauty, tad P0" wlaaiirtly to tba aujrar plantara
aurl utility. Sir, it ia nooey aotbjiif nt cipienu of the of tba tax but an
ut m-mey nd nxwey exacted from otb- indirect benefit ariaee to'the other bandit
tr witboui equivalent, that holda togeth- jnttretaVf during tkC()(a oriouia-
er i kit ayatam. Thaaa bandit intaraata 'an enabla. them to maJca eioiilar
have boeo rallied to ita aupport by a thirst ac,iooi trtm planting intereata
fr rapine, and tba battle ia ita defunoe of tho country. Sir, ia there any intalli-
with a igor proportioned talhe mgfii' C? '"' believea' " that iflla augar
tiul aiul euormitvof iU auctions. planter! were the onhr peraona ia the
- a '.
"ia iNiririen dwindle. ATriculturr
tlm fuirMA.it. ... i. i
. . , -.-., ,.i,rrnpi, ie Mieq in r Minna
Uq t hah IVnla ia tin etrttf, aM ht
Who pliwuhi the mkin l..!.i ;
i i " ' .('r-iw ( 1 1 iir
' -rjjncM -aw, UKtr egi(imato prS
.... . mm,m B ohim oi tnonnholieti, wh'i,
by aoiitrrtttnfa audeoeri kal- .t,.
Mhairiewet majof the ewntrf,
tod efet lo give law to pel'llarfi,
' a 'uce awunnKl a tone of diet
tm to. Cnaea d the EvMutite., ,;
r poibH that the neo-
- - ' i anu urrivai r naai a au.. I-
longpr gulled into aukwtmea rtlrii
oned into aubinnwion ,l.v m,u
tain a rmlirv iha .r-l-l v .
.k.' I ' v . w"vn nw make
.... rn ricner, and Ua po..r f
, ' ' ,u" J'P10 o itteir (rue eonili.
Hon. I he moMt'af llitml!...!
I ... iUV
nwrn engaged la tht'ir neter
Imna . t.uJ., I . . ' .
,r,uu, aiKi in comprehend Ihie mnl
tifaremitaabim."- If la the R,.W T.r..:.
Bopolwta, of capitaliate-of. n. umftL u
coMwirn, mora 0f tna fniiu ttw f,rth
than tbey produce by the aweat of their
leagtie toratbar in aoi.roDri.tm. ia il..-.
talre. the bountier conforraJ fav th.
ernmeot, or ia apeculating upon thofdia-
atmtkjBwI L. lr a
- w "-vwwbvtou iT iDii nnruviai am
cureed policy. , , , -Sir,
I re-rard the adontiM ri
n Ht.'itP..H Jha Jha kLt
ft ia1 awa&t .Ca.,e- o .
j . - . . ... -at-Jf w. mmwjiw .'
lain mnitl Utifna-fimailA a . i
, ""piea ma Vonatitutioo.
i ia ao amuiiy mainuMd that t na in.
einuate itself into the community. r?ach
every clua 'and "conditioo of aociety, di.
m r Win ui Hiovr, and impair tha
Sir, upuo what principle of juatiot ia it J country aecking protection from Conrcaal j apringa of iuduatry, uneeeo aod almost
that fUe wMiDle f tbia Anntrv are taiad ten volea, aye, a ainffla vote. could ba ob
im mtllioaa of dollara upon th't ajngle a" taiaod beyand the limita of Louiaiana, in
licle of augmrt. rjpaa thia neceaaarv of rvor of aa Jmpoeitiet 4 m aonuaj tax of
Ifa, univaraallr in use amonjtfie poor at nullitina o dollara for their benefit I
tell af the rick ! it ia aaeo that tbia tai ia 10,0 beRatee itniwwine
not needed for revenue-. Uow tben can U than, thia aubjoct hu oothing (atrial
tliit government juatify iteelf before the aie to justify thia tax, how doea it acquire
people, levying upon tbem three million I tA addiUoaal merit by ita connexion with
liine Irindrad thouaand doUae, far the pro I other protected intereatet Sir, thia tax
un
awpecledVit. eahaneea-the nWea-nf yt,
moat every thing of the aatt that aeaaoaa
the poor man'i duh, tlie iron hat pointa
" rvw;M, ..iin wwiiaq auvera hie
body the glaaa-lhatlighta hia dwcUing,
ihcbevertgethaXalaUalia thirat it bur-
wen aimcMt an the comfortaand enjoy
nientoefhia Jifa, in eating, and drinkiiijr.
in hiaKiiiM.ni m .tk:n . i -
lection of tbeeugtr plaMera, of which two haa na -merit, and - ought inatantly to he reading, and in alaening -and in artimla
milliotia two hundred aad ftlty thoumnd reduced ton mere revmM tat. Even
dollara, 50 into their private pockeuf than it would be more ewanuraeed than all
Tint thia is the fact, ia ineoBtaattbly pro- the -ther planting intareata,-- Sir, I - ahall
Ted by the sUtielioe before rae, and which not atop to refute the allegation eo often put
ere. Ar oiiaht to be. on the table of avenr firth, that the home conroetitimf haa re.
.mator.,., Xbi caeet, jhea. ia, thai thirteen, ducjd.ibe.pricj p( Jr , J will ofcjr cm
? di Vv thia tirifif avatetn, 10 pa te eeven that the whole omenfie production
1r ei,;ht hundred rich augar jJanttrt'to ibcut1''iw'; Kfortraa -to.tiM whoif
,iuiia;uu- tweand t qutitet. miljiftna.of quantity of foreign ( augar, as two or two
loDara mjre Xor the "augar they consume, and half doea'te one' huadrad. "How can
tba.i they would have to pay were this such an immense, maas .of the foreigt r
Tariff replealad. Where la the justice of tide be essentially affected ia ita price by
... Uxi'tf jniUioMLPf , the poor, to awcll the an addition , to (he whole quantity of only
:; tlreidy ovefgria: weaJth of thtiewJiunp iW per fent t-iSupneae a mprchant bat
f4 ewsr ntwjwi-lottj3im4''h unhand -iiryghtihatil ''tif 'tujat
f ignr, ia toe ya W sseaven or uie iiM earn wonn eiuw, oui anomer me renew
at m?jrhas'these' ei'fiht iiunlr&T probria- j hriagslrito tlie tahraWartat two'Tib'gshi'd
low. fultTraVinir -, the'inoat fertile landa on J making the aupuly greafbr than the &
Ct-tniiiUiusni;-in'()s ;Mn4rA14Ct.'ll' 'ftk. 'tti?lir.J
to xtiet from those who toU in a more re- but how much t Certainly not to an ex
juca- f , kn-1 oflen worn out aoilmore than tent exceeding the whole value ef the two
w railtinaa of , dollara, to ro into their hosaheads. Why iM T Because rathor
pmnt pecketa - 8ie, it is a etupendoua thaa let the price go lower, ao aa to alibct
anl itiwatrout ivitera of iiihiatice. No-lthe Biaetvifht . hoisheada, the ownerot
thing nan niatutain it short of keeping the them would futd it hi interests to buy up
pmpio in ignorance. is mere a senator I tno iwo nogsneaaa, or wnai ia equivalent,
braumt .who., holieveav that if thia tax of I would withheld from the market two ot
the msiir. forth Benefit of the few. in-Ihia own. "Now bow atanda the case
;s-taa4 of -itgwiees "indireetly, ae that The ninety-eight hogsheads are worth 19,
was levied by direct taxation, with the land are about to reduce the price two
avowal that it was - laid to give it away, hogsheads af the ninety-eight are wihhald
in bounties, to eight hundred stiver plan, and the price rtmaina firm, and the
lara, to maintain and aupport thoir husi- ninetymit brought into market are worth
teia I ask;8 there amr Seaator preaent t8,6i)0 and so it is detnonstratcd that if
whotalieves that the people would bear the twe hogsheads reserved are entirely
it for a eingle year ? Would" they not, lost, (which in practice would, hot be the
with honest indimutioiu5 hurl from their fiict.1 vel thoJeita by the increaeod Supply
high Dlaeea aJJ the functionaries of thia I of two per cent, it only 9 186 equal to
C ivermnent, whq had dared to participate J two per cent upon the value of the whole."
in a scheme of such'outrageoua'opprea-l Apply these principles to the price of
.. at') f Aod yei, iirf iDis tanfl tn eflect.jtoe wnoie euppiy in au me uiarei w me
r P.Va preewly in thia way, and to thia j world, and the reaulta will be eimilar,jm
d?iP-and it ia borne only becMseitisltrath.-ldTOticalb
m tMfmso&ZJlLr there any consiawr f whole domeBtierprodnce' yronly:tfo or;
ationa ot a national character, that justify! two and half par cent, ot the whole supply
this immense - tar fir the erotection of of the article Mhe thtroflaction of onre
Aaeneaa augar 7 It is wholly uncennec- into the marketa ot the world, could low
( ted with - the policy that looke to national er the price at aaoat sonly two or two and
' defence, national aafety, or national glory, half per cent, - And yet we aee by jefer
' aithnr ia peace or in war. .The encour- ence to the prices, that brown augar, which
agament la not neoesearv to secure an am I in 1816 was worth from twelve to aixteen,
- plo supply. It ia not pretended that the 1 ia now worth only from six to eight ceuta
. .f .i. .... .. .. , . . I ,!ii't. Alt. . M.i.i:,:AM ...UiaI. tn
uPK,j evar iiKeiy to oo euniea or in-1 aiiu, uivuuu, mi nu"u" ""'
t, umpiett.The largest, demotic supply 1816, and Ulcere worth from an , to eight
' . Ski airy one year, was about jeS,0OO,DQ0 lbs cents. are now selling at from two to three
or87,900 hogsheads. That supply ia en- cents. The , allegation therefore, seems
JX RUout twe , ner ceaL of the whole pro-1 to me, as I think it must seem to all im
auction of the augar regions in the world. p4rtiar poinrr'a utterly prepewteroua,
ue prouueuon abroad, and m mucn anor in mo sense, ana lo.ura nu, put ivrm.
climates then Louisiana, tan be almost in- - The causes of reduction of prices, which
- dniiHtwrjPxtendodBd we are within a have alike affected, protected, and fcnpro
fcw daya sail of the finest augar countries tooted articles,' lie much deeper than the
in the world. Jn time of peace, the sup- tariff lawa, of 18.8. 1824; antfl 828. . 1
, jP'yrom abroad will bo . both cheap and will not how atop to investigate them,
abundant.' Our peculiar position on the "Sir, the viewa which I have preaefited
globe and the pacific ' character of our in relation to the article of sugar, with
peoph and institutions,, jiwtiiy the expoc- nthere which mi'ht be augested to mi
tt"uin fniatiy ' ycara of pcare mv pM. hence our letexUfien efliw inequality,
' kahly for a century tij cvme wa shall have inju&tice, aud profligacy of thia byatetn,
"ne, r.r but 'tew1 ycara of war, " Our le- apply with equal or nearly equal force to
, gis'af iim therefore, to be wise, ehouht be all the other protected article, to iron,
.: afB"t4 to tjmt etnte which i ntt wdv ihe Iwn p, 'wool, cear&e wen'Jons, 4cThse
" hp't'-nlj lH,t likely; hy t'm iVsirtg i.t God, fkvgred claica of Industry are bountied
tU ? a.t aral, PuI'ugo t( wulrjve, aJJ cti-cr ; cj; tew
asortis, it clinga to the coffin that race it
hia . mortal remains, and the ' spade that
preparea - hia last - home,- wharf ha mtv
sleep rwith: hia finbera, and mingle witlt
mother earth. " - - -'
debt! IJ-'J.5 ami that forlM pur.
clne ,M,n'lu--wf v hj,y h;rt frr
cere aouif taf the) great"cau-a abichliave
wa iu mo j,-tn and ha.t. in a deep,
Mrong , hud steady rurrant, a4 a UfvW
like the great gulf trem of the ocean:
If ir,1n thi if tut ftaWqiia! aclion
of the Covemnvnt baa rmre thin (outv
terbeUfMM-d the coonliea ef providence
hat thaeo'dclightj;il reions i the ftiath.
upoaj which llcavun aeeined to have efua
led with beneVenoe, are eilently pawing
uajr aou iienitty, anile the lr.4i
North ia unlocking its) arms tn rccaiva the
iron ot our iniantrr. and Hverv e,ker
wl..Ui:.. :j - f -
i.im,Mig vTiiiriiCT-s ti prwnonty, and
motjunieiits tf aealth anl gmatiiri.
lliia view ff the mibp-ct auggat a train
nwlancholly wfleclu,.' It cthilnte in
the stroRffest lisht the divwree dnii
flicting iuUrcsts of gtet eertmoe tiftht
eonnlrv. a.ul ..nlm. . t .. ... . . . . .
....mi. mi .in tmim Hon Toai
thia indirect ta'xefiW thruii-h the rawti.
um4. impost reduce itas vmi msv
e-W'lbr-toinimumWtJie'awwfica'Tal
tae oovariimcnt will elilt operate aa a
Jrjtuiil draia ukm ie , pr,fita uf South.
tn akv.r-upoft. the rxjj.uling Btatoa
an.l . iranefvr ita botwnte ihe North and
Kat, or nmi-evnortinfr fiiniee. It atM .f".
. . i . - mtr
urde a s!u!ioa of the fact of tlie ron.l,.,j
andateady oppositidn of the jilaotation
Btatea ro hii f laxei ahit'hrediral et,Z
dilures f and the equally steady and Dor.
everinij efforts of ' other treat mmiuu.X
i. .S!'tW".W-.WilvettC thetei
anu sqiuuder the stiq.lu in appropria
iu an wrte or ooiwiSk : II flmlilf ui
else locoiupii Vnd, In soma moaaure, that
plitical parailox which' to a aimpie and
plain" man involved a prrveri(M, oflan:
guage and cnaniuon of ideas ''that a oa
tiofial dobt tea' public lihwiiig.'! Pir,it
haa been-a Weewnsr to that ereat anctton
ef thia country which. Jiat been cheered
ana invjgerated LyiU refreidiing atreamaj
but a positive evil uion tha whole re c ion
ottae outh. " lt enehls us aNo ia an
dersUaJ aeuMnhinjr.-fvf Im i motive of that
ridicule and deimaciatioo which raw been
levelled it the nresent Chief X i-i!,,.
for hia avowed anxiety te extinguish that
debt, and relieve the people from a uor
torn of their burthens. V , ;
Sir, the extiazuinhmenf of the national
debt will be Alt aa aa evil fcv the mnann-
olista and capitalists of the North and Eet
inasmuch as ammel Vkf'jpt tin or, two!e
Sir. thia iaoli:iaiiSSeark will
mil.'iona ot American people, art compeU- J illustration" however. It haa been weal as a' withering -blight upon all the fruite ' VK?otxaiitsd luaswuch aa b-nger
predafion and rapifie, by dieiii.ilar and
onihctiiig iatareaa, to-lav liivfcr eiitri.
bulion whole eecti. ua, and all the profits
oi iniRwiry peewtnir th aef.tioa." ,
, t?tr, it is this view of the subject which
mo wj.iy4utree1)ng lo every tmtivi.
Ual whv'live by the culiivatloej of. i.
"rin ia m rumeni sutea. T whoii
Broth fa suhj-ted to a avatnni eteaetii.
..... k . - t . . . ft . I . .
wi aa in vtr acen rung ourue uy any
W peeehi inn the globe. :fr' : t J
, ain wiavor ii uiusirare iuis poet
ion, wot by ,t rMMirt o political nwtaphy.
aics, but by nrewntinj lh facta sod
CoiwiiLfrntimH. which lie mum' the aurfaca
m iniga, ami tie !! t-i (be meanest ca
Liking lute the tables of our dmiieitis
ttpoita, I take a "year, which is believed to
oe a lair aterae of their relative prepur.
tiaiK, in all repecU for several veara.4 '
The whole croorta of the L'oited atiatei.
lor that year of the growth and produce of
me i'huwi oiai amount tu
ui that whole amount ' '
tlii arlidi't cf SoutUrii SSrmm''
duct ion only .
amount aa fidlows. Toiti
The lik e to ' ? . $153,P2
CottHi to ' . 31.03S.02S"'
F or wlieat, naval atorea of . ' ..
all soils, ami other tprta v-'
frciiu the. 8Milhrc4iiiiot lie "TT ft
precisely aecertainfil, but ir ' " " !
Uliavod to be about J.000.009
few ? pasa. sjp4
of aouthern industry it is converting the
,..sm . .us .'esnn trno aopeii
Jfcrifol- M.comnajaUva.doaoJaiko. -.-
.Look, Sir, at the relative condition of
ue. grand diviswue of the Confederacy at
the adoption of the Cbnatitution. The
North and East were notonlvcomnartie.
'Tprnt ioutb;'wkh
a inay vhmate - and h kiotfy soil; wat
arMl rejotceing in the miJut of abundance.
The export of raw materUi of t he planta
.iwa Kuies ga ve;;empieyment to toe Brtu
eipal part' of our foreign tongue and
streams of wealth weraj . pouring in from
every, quatet of the globe Upon that de
lightfur regwny' . Bui, air,4Ba first great
act under the new government tha fund
ing of the debt af the Revolution laid the
foundation of a system of policy, and gave
efficiancv Job mode of taxatien, which have
eoriclied . ra giona naturally poor, and im
poverished regiona naturally rich, s '"""
ttfllola-aiaK" ei thVrat
view,' airfelmosf incredible result, been
effected ! It haa frown out of the diver.
sity or pursuits in these treat aectiona, ac
ted upon by a mode of taxation onemu
to one and beneficial to the other.
r In the early period of the Government
the whole war debt of the Revolution was
funded a large proportion ef it belonged
to the. northern and eastera States, and
their citiwus became purchasers' of much
the largest portion of the residue that is
to say, the whole debt ef tlie -United
States, contracted- by jibe eld Congress,
ana me war flew ot the eeveraJJaUtti,
were made the "debt "of . the newgovern
meat, ft iasued aertifkates, subieet to be
lgf"jgeii-B!Mr,h jsste kid by., lha ere.
ditors, . and tbo uiteresta waa regularly
paid, ia like manner as shares are held in
a bank, and interest paid to the stock hoi-
The eopfe to tb South, ' then enhur-
thened by acceabive taxation, could make
arger profits upon capital invested in land
and slaves than the' interest upon the nub-
lit ...funds,. They,,, therefore, instead of
purchasing, were anxious te sell their rov
ernment stock, and invest the proceeds in
the planting business. In the. North and
East, agricultural ' labor being less nro-
duetive, the people there were anxioaa to
invest their means in Government stock,"
Tha interests, therefore, upon the whele
public debt waa flowing regularly to the
North ..kadJCaat and .when . we reflect
that at least three fourtha of the tse.es
raised . for the - payment of the principal
and interest, were levied upon the gouth,
and the' whefaL amount disljuriwd in thi
North and cast, ia the extui'uiiwhii)nt tf
the principal and intercal of the di-hi-i i
necessity fir high rtatcs ccanj; iii.1 ap
prehension r ducfi-m,' n "thj woiiiant
when ao much capital is let Wi will be-teraifiu1traidrMxly-
teetmenU in purauiu highly: profitable ei
xoroiianuy Dnaniiea.
aa.isM.otiO
From the Fngfimg statement ii tppeara,
mai me eouihurt ptsts,.coinpri!unc ixt
im third of tlie wboU? populaticn o7 llio
Ifniuo, actually eitp.irt antinijv. t torviiiii
iWitrws,lM-.ir tliree-fiHirti of the whole
exMiiU aliWtteiie' grvwtb and produc
ti00-:.-'.Jli Tt-.:.V..jf i (..-. r
f How is it, air, that with'mtch an i .im.
ttene xnert, tha S,Hiih vrwuia. ooor -
er? How is it that tlie Norlharn peila.
tion, comprising two-thirde tf the whole
pMiition,expcrf not more than oite-fourth
and yet are abounding in all the; comforts
and Inxariea of foreign emirttrkai- aJ;"i.
creasing itaiiy m: prosperity I ' Hdw. are
the North . enabled to buy and consume
such a proportion of foreiirn imnortsl It
is not becaujie they buy theof with prdduce
'-aj
mirreiider f ity five ynla in tb Im ir-nlrt,,.. -The
planter then reiame wtly fi irKiV
thuuglt be has honciitly varie d one l-ufj. -"-
dre4 T.Tli Xoiilie'rn irienul'n'-tMier rr tii -only
Mrmittcd Id keep hi whole imWh of
fctfeutr tmA. - 4i.it k. ......mm. ... .
tion of the Tari'f; he is eoakW to r III ik 1.
at IA advance f forty" of -fbiiylvt ym
cant, 4i pcet the natural jiee. flow t!ie .
stuoii's the cam f llsre are l . uvea wh1 '
hate tacit taiiied' oM lundf.d var !s f
cloth, by their labour, worth tn.e ' hutMre l ,
dallar per piece tt tho natural prim
moan, ay natural prieej tie Co ta piwlnr-v 4
tiW.. tlit uthcrn ln iocuinpaji d tJ !
give up 5rty.fie yards, and is frm tied
lokeip fifty-five yards worth fiflv-f , .'
dellais. " The fSorthrn luaniifittoVi U
baI '.? K.-a?ii. .1 I. i 1 ' a r .. . .1
tv aiNiw wriiiiun ij nptp it ia (Al ya'Ute,
tlrtrlh' aamak k.,...T.l It I ... I .1.
tea aawFai rttsiHiiaju usaiiM I M. ajair. v 1 1 taw ,
aid of tht Tariff, he ia nablod fo 1, hij "
oe buhdrcd varda My Ur one ko...!n J
and f.rty dollara. That i the Otlt li lift '
orea oeliara wortb af labour of fh-r So.,th.. V
era man, ia,-in the Ion? run. bv i t r.
t! ... : l.i - i. i "".
me jam, na e iw la. a on it
eighty five dollars ! than the t : in- -dred
dollara worth of Lh.mr nf it r id. a -. .
. ' - ma ... - ;f t
tn twinulacturef, -1 etrlutta ,j ; - r
haiteonVnt of . the price i iba f,1 fivt . "
pwcaa cmauee in th practical p rulioit, "
they are purchawd for cimauuif) i n. It
it oesibf to cimeive a case of i .,!(.,.. j.
vo ting kajNBilua? ' And Vt Klu .llu-t,aiesi
rJ'the opertwiifh' Ter.ff j
Te do equal itwiice. the
it taxes by' imiW. the-fSouthrni hmh' . v
piece ut cl4h Wbeo unporte'd should also , '
tat lie aniietlhaNorthwrnlnHauracturer'si VI
mxU the aaaMi amowit-kd wherefore - "-
imM l- t this to bribe rasa? IJaa aot':
lIiaBoutJiein man iust as much ear.,!..! w '
hiabi"ura his piece, aa the Northern . . ,
ntanufiictUiTr hi eartMt k!. i.., i.;. i i .
Ilia w w oCtlre, bitter 'mm f i-id.ri-at .
taxaa. . And to whatever aniotmt the - '"
venue xaay le raductf. the
aa . ' . ... " l "T'W , i.
will be oroxiucal,.:. --a 4.
Sir, Thia kjtfitrtal ecrrt'of the rot:t -
k t.
inwaii-
axportad.- No, Sit1. ' It is not lv
of invading 1hifapif.il that IheV Ire' eu-
hM;:71MUlp'y:
They are -too prwlpnt fur ttuttr and besidiss
tfceir career to praeperity ieMtuiitiy en.
wA:Then;iJr:.Jiow
ecnawiMi nearly two-thirde tf the whole
iwqmrtation, when they do n(jt read abroad
of thoir twn produce; ont-thinl iif the vab
Sir, this part ol the auhject awakens fu of that which they coneuiiw, tnd when
GoverameiiTs mthereutries and other
tinBs-tIM
anon aimiei every page o..ti.ipnrlhat ail
(joyernmeqte haw beau so ,.f umungly.;. dc
;afaVa4 furiously c lrur4d, tt bur
then the mang and benefit the r 10 to in.
Crease die .atrengthi of -tha pewerflil, and
Krpetuate th leebleneuof tha weak.
jMi.klieyHLthat pucRevohitian,
which waa achieved for the sake of ptiaeU
pft, and net to escape from . pratical op.
preasUth, had opened tipoli the world brigh
ter hopes. ' We had hoped that ur 3u
it trillion, whiob rest UoO. the iMi'imilable
rifhte of men, and theprioc iplos eter
ual jiwtice, 'would, guarantej t Jjbliicsa
support and protortiop, and impose apon
the powerful, wholesome and efficient re
atramta. Sir, we have long enjoyed this
jucuHuig oKiuaion, oui is pi nut ooiuxion I
To a superficial observer, oura aoeins
to be, in fact what it ia in theory, a Gov
emmoiit of the many, for tlie benefit of tht
nlany. A cloeer ' inveatig-atiou"" cWfose
the truth, lliat it is, practically, a Govern
ment of tht ' timeliest- possible majority,
over lha lageef poasible minority that
tht largest minority ia JaiJ under coittri.
button to- augment the aggregalo fl exac
tion, and the msjj;y is le t. down Jo jh.0
loweitt safe point, to enhance tha value ef
the dividends.- And "that thia mnjorify,
they de not invade their capital 1
7 :..pnr,the reot that thy; would Mv.-tnitt-ile4.
4Jj J the ,fi. oflheir, evportt -W
hanced by tlie pcefita - of freight ajwn tt
$om trnd importaj tnd yet thrf CofMume
mere thxa 5 double the ahota ainimiif ' r(
their enporta and Xroigh(,flow it it done T
It ta threugh "the mstnnrientality ef the
Tariff SVSteni. which 1 ari II now rnl.iii..
.-Tl.a Tariff, bvenhanriaj theprioe tf frftei.ltr,tif-ttlte iinpo
lha fbNgtf triicla lo fl,e whore amount f wk' v" ha!f mi!liofi bf
(lit fliityi eimhles the doinanf i .'.aaanuflifiv.
tnret It brin bia mmnifacturea, f like
kind, into the market, and ae! them for a
prise equal or 'nearly equal f ! the fWoiga
article, bur tlicneU as U ia with a Itigh du-
lty -i be oVimesHie article ia aont to the
JHoiitri and sold for high profits; and drains
ofi in that way t large aart.of the income
of the aouthern planter, lor his cotton and
tobacce aad these profits, 'so made , by
the hmnufHi turr, epablee him to con-nime
of the foreign itiiKrtation. - Now .the av
erage of all the dyUuahxii be.0.1 accurately
Calculated, , and it excce.ls forty-five par
coat. 'Hie South, therefure, pays upon
all they consume either forty -five percent.
Ukw en the price, if it be the foreign ar
ticle, or about tha tame arwrnnt in tha an.
danced price af tht demestic article, ft
ia ia thiseulwacei prion, produenif by tht
duties en iaipfrts, that tha. North extracts
from the South a large sua're uf their prof-
sis, and adventuring politicians, who tfi
vide among themselves the richest spoils
of their triumphs, aud throw but a cruiiih
if indeed so much to tha mora serfs cf
party. And, air, where is the check ukhi
combinations for nolfinhraod tnprinciitlad
exactions f Hie chock of resnonaiulitv
entirely Kails; for though the , domiimnt
majority ia reeprHisible te their imtoeilitjte
constituents, yet they Are under un respoa
aibility to the millions who are laid under
contribution. There ia no reponsibiUty
of the parte to each other. Ileoce, "in a
widely extended conforacy, embracing
large sectiKis of dissimilar and coialictiiig
inlyrests, combinatiuii?"uprin tit. selfish
principle may be formed, without fear,ef
reaprauibility, and grind into the very dust
large and flourishing r;ion.. - This baa
been the preciie operatioa of ' tha Tarif
sytiteiif tnl the rtnTaijorit.iea,
inns email ane wteriive is ia tari wn-lie( I fa yfanThfg aad ' b" tTi uee itt Ihnea
ly a coiutitiaii jn.r monopolists, capitali- profits, so extracted, tho Norl
Sir, I say it with uVp reluctance, but I
f- 1 it mv sottmn dutv to aav iL that I ran
and wbea we reflect' that this"eoriihij: 1! soircely ciwviv of t Ooverument more
ojHraf ion haa beeo applied o the -hH tf 1 J vfr u, thai w hich enalirer' irres
the revolutionary war : that for the fuf. ' bn and bi !ili.mle mai-M-iiiea. in a
cjius ''i$Lmw't lonctuB tifii vridwly wnJcd coud(7 witipz to dt
orth is enabled
tfTsultotitiile "itself fr tlie South,' and con-
mne the imports, which jh tht .baenct o
(ho tax, would havV been, the legirimatt
limita nJ'S.iiithern labour. In other wards,
the product of eouthorn labour, aa they
are uod in the foreign txebaages, uro bur
thened with a U 1 forty -five per ciit.
The products of Northarn lubour, aa they
are nct used in fon-in aichangas, art en.
tirdvfree from tx licnca uu inequality
which, in thqlong run, must cf necessity
be ruinous ( the South." r -
. Again.' I'he 5fiiaiorn planter, who
make a haUvof cotton, i pi'j aa much an
titled to it, as the Northern manufacturer,
ho iral.es a piece of cloth, ia entitled to
now Irauefer of the profita of Suit hem .
baur, to tugmeut tht nroDcriiv f ihi
North and East, t v '
rrAgnia. , Jt ia aaid that the
paya the import duties. , Thou -h .w hk. . -
mting In that tronosition. I wnl a.,i - aV
that principle --n thia -argma!:l,'""Tlw ' ' ;
t.overameai coll (;t a- raveeim t.r... V . '
I tiortt Oft taV'twe Hf t.'Wta.i.!.' ' ' - -
llieSotith hw,kj throe-Taiiri f n
frodactiv-haiowh
P"rt upoa which these tweiity.lhn , aiilk
lions art levied that ia to say, sevwaW -lu t
'Wiilintofit' duties "are lviei en. j.-j.ft V.
axebangwd for products of SoutbonT
Uhour-Repthhe TariiT, tnd tli 8,,'th " '
would be. entitled th eomuime or to to!, vr
inroe-imrins m$ intporfa, ; JJuf . eidrw -existing
, urcuim4iuicea . any t the-- aWjM
wrrottne tiSlhe Jqumrta .h", ' '
Seuth, a conwiiwrs. pay dititeirr t v.
ofVeeTaiia' a half niiJIione. hcr-othc :
h-jfMciii-uinodiaitht North tul E,i-w
that ia to ay they art tJOrtstrtna J
idrti', o'Jheir expi,rt8-nd vf eon , a .
pay.aa censuinexa, aix uuilkm. ut diar
-oui tlie florin and Last art alee lo cm-
rts, upon
of (bit
to be pniaY- Now, how are the non et,
porting Statoe either fo pay Ike five ,,) 'tt
bhlfatlIioua, or te acqiare the wh..i- ia,'
porttupen which that sum is levif-d I t " ,
! it swe preciwyjjt tht-- manner 1
fpro stated that ..it taay althoti. k thi .'
South pays only half the taxe i.i f,ttt . .
ataiice, (or .any Mherproportioa. whicU,
whatever it may bflt ia wh .ily immm. .-ia!. '
ahd,ksavc wholly mmflectedma truth af .
the trguuiont,) still the sleuth Im su;F n
the North to extract fmi the priti t f '
the Southern labour, by tU enhance 1 pr
cctof'lhtdeiuu.tic'nianufacturwa, a mu,t "
that enable the North to substitute Hsw If' "
as a consumer in place of the South, m j
actually to enjoy tha fmifa orhich th$' .
South has been mest, unjustly si ript ' ,y ""r
iuuuns of tbo TaruT. ., '
Su that, in fact, the f julli pays u't..ctf-,
iuid iiidireetly upon consumption, .neap ,
threo-fourtb txceedtn; twe third of t'.t
wjiolejeven'i f thu 'xttWHA Cftli...U
ed upon impor . ia , i4C entjrs
ey to the etu,t' ia cerearv to Je '
duct the amount of height and the tax
upon tht amount coninied. bv th.we wb -.
substitute themucli.'s as ceiiMimeYs, 'by '
reason of Balos ot ui.preter.ted articlps in'
the South, the priutij hi ef which coniiafj ''
of live atock.
What we adwrt,- sir.-not anrr In
ruinous inequality it levvim l!i ia , ? "
Ihia Goverament, but 'also to thu ..th.f
tnd more unequal operation the 1
mtnt uf at- leant thrca-Ri ths (4 t'arwt- "
enue w t o nin-tivportirisf Stat 't,we s
be tbh U. 'jicarn the cauls' , which bav..!
produci-d re-suite so a.H anlsgotia to, th
Tartrt' si tins, and ao disastrous to
his cloth. This is coi.ca.Ied on all haade t'.Xtea.
for both the bale of cotton and the piece lflt W"M be aa. alleviation of the-ij 4
fcloth.'aretha fruiU af their labour rea- wr a tiicy are upon a great aV
poctively. , ,,. , tioBofthtfJr.inB,if wa could know thsl
.-"'Ihil b.4Vishte crry, their artVlea jr-1 -u,tnals "thevctfwnetV-nhS -
t njirkot add both srt peratTttVd" b do national- presperity. JJaU.,ar,'.
it free of tax. But mark the- cons. ,u H not tht fact. .1) is . ?u.vi rtiWc'
quence,;'- The planter aVndi his Cot t Uf t,.'matritionl that tbia policy ' du.iin.
Uverpool to exchitg f ir clrth, but whan ' m'.M Mtiooalwea'tK. .
he bring hia'citb ite-nh he isat pt at It ca,n:nnds ,Urtl to h 'aprtrvUtion
tlic.usuw iou9, tutd told ho roo?U': ' ?tA totw t, tneas ef bcTtav