' 'a ' -, , j
Y
'fir
'JkOU LIU
. i.
.. ...... -j
' ti is ven wi to ab-Min frAm lsw, which however via and good in ltsrttsslvY have) th emblaiKt f iawpality Which find m rpons in the heart l - lit ciluon, aJ which will b v-sded with littl re mint ". " :
. t i li'i i i'xn oi irmmii'in n iany setin in gramng iswa oo conacinnca. . ; , , , . . ........... . 4
'. ---- .4
M
JrtMnrii tntA mllarfirugtl or
M;,. iirjf 11 a! the Dlitor'nlitcrtt'O
jlfailur I nviiff tie t-titnr of
t Jtu butinur, out mutk btfori tkt ttpi.
'ration of yf, wiUhe eoifJtrti dt e
"t hf 'tnggtHt . ' v. V ,
'Anf ptrtv' procuring ii? rfmtt $nb
' T "jefihtn to tht Carolinian Mkall kiit
ror paper gratiiJ " '' , . " ,
5 XJvtTliftiNf at the 1 UHual ritof.
. Ittkrt aJJrturi to fie, Dlltor
'iw4 be tnut txiid or thej trill ru( be at-
- CO Thea term vill bet1 atrictly aJ
hrt$ I .' ' - V - - ' '
I i 'Hi
, , IxmiSAL IMI'UOVIDIEXT.
- ; . - . y - -- y
,r pF.ccii of mil iulu
1 rtf f Ileprtttntvllfft-Sihf.
-TAfcMJirituw if Mr.-VrIa5ckr a.
Xif R uj)roptitia fur.lwtenwl liirroa
rtits certah tpvtrs, , bay, Urboura,
" aVc ti"g UJHl:r 'CutuuJrriuiou in yvnr
" fivrtb Crotitia, aSlraJ an atneodwenl to
j cow m afmr tlif itetn. Tor fmoUJ$ oo
7 truftiotn 1 at Ocraeacka inlet, Thaaaieod-
x, Cient ia aa MWwa i M For tha reaorml of
'1 ' the roaJ ahol - below thetown'or W an-
. . 1n:-t.in7 NwlV Carolina." and a W of
' eiumpf which oUrtmct le, patttgt ftf lt
acl in lha nvar.M ; ; '
,y', Mr.' Halt. In explanation of hia ttoend
Tintut, aail, that ba did Dot rUfi to impose
iino "membcra oTthatllou i iieT-iaw
LTSfrypRfi thai a dt hot " foel biiawlf at
tcr. but ho -wuiMit to put it luto tba pow
' " V gf tboM.vho did feal tbomaelvM at lib
,' artv b anplr tbs' public motof to ancb
; ft "purj)sci, lo apjiy it whtfolt woulJ ba of j
! rxrw ua 10 aanja in an caaaiiimnia uiu
: . trtiItv lo put it In tha power of ktmk
t " ben wbo aeoroed : M doairoua of giving
'nnimtUvg hi.c.$!WWillnui joraa it,
-7 nhcra itrouid bo attondod with practical
s tttJuy." Ttila wbjott wAarom iunatyr
'. jjj tuclttoo, u iuucV-ntiUod to aa ep-
proprutioB u any itom ib tha bHfc-'-Tb
cboaft rwhiuh bo aludod,Va known to
, ' T'to be ah impediment to teawli roingto or
'1 ? froin'-Waabihgtoq, loadd,'-iud they had
. ; !;wnilly to lay below this skoal and Ugh
:'r tt by ;pV7' "
j r !Jlr HT beUcwe4 tha romoval of thisob
4 VCWclioA uorot) .mclicaUe, but, at a
, ompraUlfipeoa,aidod by tb
nachtDticniployed t tha lalihai ho
: waaVMiipolfod tobelifcveljloaafTvTba
,Il)joct via, eBording; to tha 4octitMrf
'Kit' iWieoieii. a mock nutiormJ as any of lh
? ' TWurlu tiprop.riatod for iav this bill. , It ha
oil the attributoa of nationality claimed for
1 Wrkaff this clwjactur. It is aabntruc
f 1 tion to corarssreo, it is withi a collection
V oittrict, near a custom .house, and, there
V' accortlini to th tat- deotrine that,
j Wtiatevcr it wunuLacotieciion umrici do
1 'jtwnc ualioual.' aud, therefore, constitu
' tionul, is of consequence entitled to an ap-'-L.
jiropriatioflcTb stumpo alluded to, though
rt1 -tlioir removal is not altogether as impor-
..." taut as th rf moval of th shod, are yel
j,' aatiiled,-ipo)i the principles already ata
'. ' ted, t to Jo considered as good national
' " ttuuus aS a"o 1 iu th Union, He afain
i v-repeitod, he would not deceive gentlemen
J" i-.n' i(tkiaaBmiwtniint ni HmiMat in.
V lo the i bill, which he" thooirhl. unon their
town principles; il ought to bo,ha ahould slil
r?CWabnged r6 .Vote against the bill. , Mr. II.'
itlwineu -ouera 10 preservo meir consisien
' tr he meant to preserve his but ths
iWho. voted for ny similar object, bs con-
ilriiAl liAiinfl tA - vnla C.vr ikid. , .
, V -Aftef pome rcpurki from Messrs, ' Xr
tier, and lkxanlerof Virginia, uV Hall
' observed, be presumed," from th manner
.'v tn which- the gentleman," (Mr, Archer,)
..taJaaked" manertiwns,Qd fronTlhOiT
, ' pression of Ins countenance, ne did pot ro-
" ) )u,,ra an answer to them all, which, ia
, ; need he couItTnot give, because they for-
i jnoU kf ring as long as his arm, and many
' f : f thim be could not ;' recollect. But h
$ ould answer the first which he did recol-
.-. lect; awlsay thal.lhero really was such
,,'ilace as he had mentioned.- He hadsta.-
..l tlie town "of Wfehlngtoi and -iurroand-,y.jhig
cijuiib'ond, though the vuhjnct bad
'jsmedLjwmvappearanc of jokei yet
nil xru joae, ana no Knew it lo be
V the wish, as it would bo to tha
mss people to Jav'. the obstructiou re-
... , - - w.
JWta. , and he Yhimsoin woiiM
. . vw lor u aa,any item in th bill, or any
; ling of the, kind. (MK Alexander,) by
a7 , of explanation, -that it was not th
V -fwash which h wa utMleriitood fo allude
;. to when . in eonversadonVae aaidilhad
.,- .ytwv.&
NortB ; Crliiu3g;Tpa':rBk'tkMi to
?- . only say, ihaU did
J , , ? itnr much good or bam
, rv w "t permanently, nor did
; . uisvq , lvhel cprpa ef wgUiwricvs. ?rs3 ajr.,. what w we, da
ears, with luo wnoio purM of uncM rn
could pcrwmcntly remove th obttfuctian
toth Mvisnliiw nl tonuntrcoiif North
(V !iti, God BnJ , wiliue, ha tlKOghl,
W! tn thir loodua operuaii ot Craling
aiMtoalwlruttion, drtcmunedptftty tkx-
ly . Iliut OMrtal man ahould M bav aay
modus ' eptrandi by ' which, tdct lually to
remove then). JI ktd dcirJ lo avoid
)ing wiy (king at pmeut oo this sub
ject, bocauoa ho knew it to bo a favorite
project with hi colleague, (Mr. rP".)
but aj it had been mcniuxjcu, andba bad
bn drwn into roiuark relative to it, bo
would aay that.ifany otio would couleioplato
with proper 011(4111011,1110 eloumuU which
enter into thaHrmatioa of tbeoo oUtut
tioiis, the would see the futility of wiutiag
piwiey ojilhav.V,henloq faturdiiy tha
7 lb, tan 111 tuliptcl caino tip in the
Jlouao, Mr. Hall objected to the appropri
ation fvt (Xracork, but previouo to givinr
hia , reasons for ao doing, aaid, ho wished
to uaJi some txphuutliuns in relation to
tM aineudaMDt bo hod prsvioualy oumi-oo
(n committee, and , slioidd again oiler in
the llouee. II then went into ttirhi-
plaaations as the cae required, aiiniliir to
tbeoo already stated, and called uoo the
celleacue (Mr. Spaurht,), to aay of Jiis
stateiBotits were not correct. Sir, said he,
1 know my - colUaguo to be in poommnoa
oTsucainiurfiation as- will auttain me in
what 1 have said in regard to this subject.
He is 1 swift witness in this co.
I f Cera. JIr..SpcighlaLeL.. what " ho
meant y a switt witnoss 7J .
- 31 rf H. said, he meant a jptod- wirnoss
cooipetoni-witoooo wtneo hanag
fun kaowlodge oilbo subject and bo pro
tested agaiust iu being rapposod that ho
intended any Iking hi the slightest dagree
unkind to bis colleague, who being not
hicllagwe,but his neighbor, ho ntwutd be
sorry to aay any thing in the least unkind,
and disclaimed it but he again called on
him to aay if his statements wrre not fur
red i to which MrJSpeight npddud ajwnl.
Mr. Halt the said, his'wbpxt iuealhngon
hiacuIUaguo was lo hw- to geatlowaoi
that what b had said was true, and that I
the information was clearly such as to
place the subject on the same footing with !
other items ; nor could he so with what
propriety gentlemen could vote for the
ether items and reject this. Sir, said Mr.
II., I will now irtate mv reasons for oppos
imm tb)4 appropriation for the iwab. ' f am'
omt certain that if any1 one wilt took ' kt
5hia mkrtar in a philosophio point of view
if they wilt cownder.tho rsal.cauiic of
the lt ruction to th eommorc of North
Carolina, thsy will porcoive that the idea
efTectaallV orroinovinji thei MiiitoJitueirts r
U Hiio. -iii suppoMu dt piuiooopner
I. I . ! t k ll 1.
and mariner that Ik trd4.wtfdjjyluu
w.- -.- - T , r - . .
joino" mituent iu pioducing thl'gulT
stream.' oe this as it may, very tew ma
nners who traven the coast of North
Carolina, are ignorant that th gulf stream
is one of the principal causes chj3aubletidod to apply another dredging machine
. llt-irl.tT.t"? .. I . 'l.l-
atructiooa, whicnTio think of overcomin?,
ptirtnanentlyV by.the ploughing aiaehino,
commonly called tha dredging machine,
1 about a spacious as to talk or quench
ing the nut with a squirt cun. They had
aa well get a school of ahovelnosed sharks
to root away tha sand. It is known that
th gulf stream sweeps along our coast at
the rate of about three and a half mil an
hour, bringing with it, from the Capos of
rlonda, aa it approaches more or less
near the shore, according to its projection
or incurvature, aa Innuendo mass of float
intf sand. " As it approaches the project
ing points of the coast of North Carolina,
during th prevalence of east winds, it is
piessed by the ocean mora ia shore, pro
ducing a counter current or eddy, in
Which th sand is whirled round & thrown
into fhe mouths ef our inlets and in heavy
easterly storms thrown in immense masse
within th sotted, and forms Ihaf u-regalar
siorucircular depogite Jtnown by Jh nam
of th awash, consulting almost wholly of!
sand. i.-i.j. -jl. f -
It vs believed that the gulf stream, pla
ced before the outlet of' our rivers; U the
principal primary cause of that deposit?
ofaBd";Blong bui coaStTwlicfi forms a
barrier . Utweenth; Atlantic. .'and tha
sound through which thi breaks naU.ii
lets, are made, and -continually modified,
by the battling of lb winds- and these
mighty waters. And new let m auk,
does aay on really believ Jhat we stand
any chanc to make a permanent removal
of tliis depositee while . the causes which
placed it .. there remaitui, - and that, too,
with thi dredeine machine t Even sup
posing it jaay be cotrtfmmgh an4paft eft
!. : 1- I. - . .1 I
it removed, 1 what is to prevent the same
operation from filtingf it up;. Sir; If Cotic
gross a re "really ' jn earnest about remov.
ing-ttio ostwetiona to ur commerce, tot
theni make P an appropriation to remove
the gulf streanAicross th Atlanti pass
a law to atop the storm which .besot this
coast i and then blow ' tip the banks i we
shall then haV, good outlet to th ocean.
I hare had soirje knowledge of these storms
fine a specimeq of storms ai is known.
It Has,' yu know, Sir, been doubted by
oomo of ourpeoplo, whetherieyiikd bot
tcn..Jlaiid than We "bav in
thiscountry but I m cuite. certain, if
they huye better thunder, they bav ao
better fetofms than we hav about Cape
Uatteras and Ocracock, Nw, Sir, toJte
6AUS0UUY ROWAN COUNTV, N. C.-MONDAV
gaiunt thek elements I To boar me
it, l"t ne quota from a rp"r cf th cu
giin'iir iijKr kindred work, the tf ItLra
led Nag p ' H4, r"l(oaacie lutt b
trwctfiir iriaaw'-ty't'i ' aairreemTnUr
Tbo C4lowin jp eamrc t is from the report
of CapU lUrtmin Huche, of the Ti
graphical nngineer, dated February 13,
1839 f : :
It is impoaibl to enter upon tb dis
ctuMMtuftko prppoMod pmject, involving
such important consounco to tn popu
bm and productive portions of (he couiw
try, watered by the Iloanok river, with
out fueliuj dw ply Htuiblo of lb dilllcul
tios iu tflocting dcairublo aa object, and
Ihe drgreeof uncertainly attending tb
reult of any operation, where the cause
to be governed area iitfuu'te and power.
lul. This iaapareut evaa lo the moot
unpractised ia th protesaioa o rngiior
ing, whrver tbo eoure of a'ir, in her
mariae oMratioits.is u bo governed. In
dued, ther i probully no subject within
thirrsug of science whr ao much Is
deduced from hj pot hoU, and Ure, no
cenarily.in the reulu, there issolittto
coruiuty. Nor can wo from lb eauMs
already put in practice, adJucu the evf
oWe of nwM of any eeme of operaltoaw
having in iw auch imprevmenla, inas
nuich u every ckm is of a new character.
This would appear to bo I he fact, when
we bear in miud, that probably in no os
inlanre, wber operatiius have been car
tuul on fur ihu improkoittoitL of . batLours.
inlla,Ac., ItovoTOTulisineHho expecta
tion niMrtauied. In eanreMing than
rpinirn, I am iiapolWid only by the desire
of impreMing upon lue conviction 01 iuc
sanguine, the dj(r.rultio which belong to
hydrograpical iiiiprovedienta, wiihout par
ticular reference to tha subject of lias re
0011."
Sir, it will be anen tbal this reasoning is
intended to apply, not alone to ags
Head, to all marine olMtructiun and itn
prwvemcntSi aBd is poculiary spplicable to
the swaih. Now let u hnar what the re
port of th 8erotary-of War. moW tba
nesHion, tells us. 1 be repon, in reunion
to Ocracock Inlet, saya : " The dredging
machinery domrnod to improve the chan
nel of this lulet.Jiai been applied to that
objct, on the' part called th Flounder
lue during all favorable weather, since me
beginaing of 1630, and about lU.uuu cu
bic varda hav.heeu . excavated. ... Th ea-
eineor report that, so far as a cooctuaion
may be drawn from eofcrrorion, daring a
short period, it is in frvor of. the final sue
ccti of tha experiment. It w found that.
in fonseuenc ef th exposed situation ot (
the n ace of onoTahons, not more tnan
about IM working day in a year can no
. . .. . . - ...
yooji would be "requirod to complete the
proposed excavation, in order 10 auorn,
in this case, an opportunity of making a
fa.ir experiments as practicable, : it j in-
of greatertpo we r ia aid of tb on now on
olovod " cVci-r With . te, buth.autliori
ties, in addition to what I have myself
shown, shall I not be borne out in my
opinion of III utter futility of such enter
prise! Th Secretary of war tells us that
the aflair at Ocracock is an experiment.
ThisM 'believe., will b th Third I am
told the fourth, appropriatio for that ob-
iect. W bav now bean making th ap
plications for something little less than
three years. I think, and.. the Socraiary
tells us it will take . tea years more j this
ia tailed an experiment T It ia an expori
ment with a yengeancetATnineen
years experiment, at th rat of twenty or
thirty thousand dollar, a yar, for what,
by their own showing, . and th . leist ac
ouaintane with th nature of th obstruc-
tioas. can produce "notbing- but wast of
money and evnuWdiwpioinlmeiiU -1
hav been informed by many respectable
persons livio n tbe banks and ether pla
ce not remote that - th who! affair was
viewed a a ; mere idle wast'" f money,
But. as recants the mud shoal belvw Wash
iJigtoii, I cannot oe what is the dlfferenc
if one.ii an obstruction at tba upper part
of the same body of. water, waere it is cat
led "Pamlico 'river, and the other at the
luerlpart,mberit i' called Famtieo
sound, both obstruct navigation and Com'
mercer" In "explanation" of a "remakTroro
Mr. Speight, .tliat . hia information was
drawn from pitots,-who"Wer witerested,
Mr. 1L said, it was not, alon from pilots
but from many other respectable people
aa well as resbeetable peopl of ihia class
whose ;in!ona'tiojLj peivl
haps, tttr than others - The final u5
t. t 1 .L - .L.
eeso'f th swash ( doubtiiu the shoal
near, WasJmgsuiscaawoutd probably
attend that, with means properly applied,
- When the bill was about to have its
third; reading, an , incidental debate arose
for a few minute, on a "qiiestKin to recon
aider th vot, ordering it to be eaged
and read . third time, tbemotion for 're
consideration being rejected, the question
.1 rii imi r '. " 1
Upon ine passage 91 in out wiuui up 1
, . Mr. .Hall said, ,th debale which bad
just occurred waat fctm wholly 'vnlooked
far&'tl bd b'ni
of billst not to discuM . th details or prin
ciples, that hanng usual! bcon done pre
vioury. ". It was, noweter hi purpose to
give bis fiewsgooera!y,!,,o thyi nbjeetj
j Jirf H catcxed : ja thetrtubje'et,' l)
Dom a 10 as ociaus ami prmctiiie vm
would Uka oceaxion to say tltat be l.ad
Uxl against feronxidsraiio befaiwn p
brlicvnd, end urtdarstaod. that ita olt
v-3& draw a dinlimtion letwofm wmos
if 0) itrma, Wh a iioW riliirf oiil a
..... - .
Cn 01 incm. 110 tjicia 10 in is course,
Cause be viewed all tbo various portions
of the bills, so fare principle was concer
ned as standing precisely upon the Mm
fcetina. If our part was couatilutional.
they were all ao. and he winked that no
invidious dintinctious sluxitd be nuulo.' lis
was not one of ikoo who Ulieved mea
svr was either conatitutional oreipcdient
wrery bocauHO weut into .th Stale or
Diatrirt to which h bclonil, while a
uirasur, of exactly tk same nature else
where, was neither tonirtitutional or expe
dieul. It will be recollected, that when
th details of this bill were under cotuid-
oration, I took some part in the debate,
but cotiflood my remark only to one or
tw, itomi of appropriation for North Car
olina, I did so, be4ue I was better ac
quainted with them than with umal otheri,
and also, brcauw, after orixinr those in
my own immediate viriuity, which I fell
it my duty to do, I could, with proprioty,
and with ckxincr hands, oppuNo others .f
iBHiar character elw where." Mr. Speak
er, no 00 ran susnoae that. 1 can uti-
friendly lo the coinoxrcial prooixrity ot
North Carolina, ur from n this surely is
jotiioxaiMoiif my. oppuaition.l appro-
pnafms for inipnvouMiiia of this cbarao.
Ur, kilioppoM l,rni for the-reason, that
noloidv do not tool mklf at libcrlv,
bccoix! 1 think Cwcrem has tuA conl 1
lutiual aulhorilv, but bocaue I U-lievt
lhymut ultimati-ly tail in producing auv
subuntial bontfit. Tbe item of appro-
priaion for the Smi'h was n.4, an i-noinwl
lo luve been suppo-nid: ihu oolv 000 to
rhih 1 1 had objection. In pniTiph- I am
squally oppoaed to I hut for rleartru; auy
obsTuctions blow Wilmington, syial iiitcsw
thniirtofCngresa are attemlodwtlh
bettir succoos than thone mJde brtlf
Stai authoritiis If is not likely thi y wi!
ba nry bosmliotat, tor I have- niweprtiW
from reectalile authority, that so far
from th applications made by the State
alkoritie,havieg boon very beneficial, it
was believed, that they kaJ rai her don
irf lry-'-certainlv no great good. A a to
inprovemenU of a similar character with
fjooe of Nprh Carolina, and the greater
part of the bill cwoi4o approbations
lor similar purposes,) th remark of the
Eagineer't report which I read on a for
mer eeaioni will jply tn trcm general.
v, and h it meet, wilit the .approbatioo
of the House, I will again road the part of
Ih Report to which 1 tJtude.'" llrore Mr.
ti. read what appears aa an extract from
a Jgrtsf jiptBachn, ilrwarfy giM$4
A 4 ie, to sustain me in th description
which 1 gar of th obstructions lo the
nsvigation of North Carolina. I will read
thejnlttrtving, - Injhe K'?'01!'. North
Carolina, by John Lawson, aurreyor
general ol" North Carolina," London, (709
we h,T pae 61 a'geiioral deaeriptioti
of the coaat, in the Mlowing worda, "Thin
part of North Carolina 1 faced with a
chain of sand banks, which daiul it from
the violence and insults of theAtlaatie
ocean ; by whichttarrier a' vast sound is
hemmed tn, which fronts the mouth of i
the navigable and pleasant rivers of this
fertile country, and into which theyJiP
eorir themselves. Through tbe same
are inlets. of. several depLbaoL water.
Some of their channels admit only of sloops
brigantines, email barks an ketche and
futh ire Currituck, Roanoke, and Qp the
mini above Uatteras : whilst others can
receive ships of burden, as Ocracock, Top.
sails Inlet and Cape rear, as appear by
by my chart. I believe it is well under
stood that since this period both Roanoke
and Currituck inlets bav been rendered
useless by being filled up with sand. Mr.
Sneaker, while I, in common with my
colleagues, and with our constituents gen
erally, lament th txistenc 1 theo, as l
think, irremediable obstructions to our
commerce, yet I am somewhat consoled,
Ihatm this as frt. almost, all otUer causes,
there is not to be found unmixed good or evil
These very obstructions placed in the way
ructione placed in the wy
ofnxxomnieMe3oub.Wyi
poiui u ticw yjt jvi . vdHlny. - tin
ddly fhe best and cheapest fortiucationa
against in vasion from a foreign poweril
being out of the question for a vessel of!
war of any magnitude to come wrthin our
waters ; and I do not., agree with those
whi ialk about th degraded "state? of
;ana .Jaxouna, troni c. mess causes, ana
bo therfur solicit siaY as I thisk, use
lessly, from tlte General Ooreinment, to
remove thorn, And. i4 1 cannot but fool
that North Carolina is qmte as much da
traded Jbjr begging . for the crum and
drippings from this Uoverameiit, as irom
natural cause- beyond : human control.
But Sir, let us rejurn t this bill Which,
with one exception, is certainly th most
extraordinary act of legislation peculiar to
this aessionl, : Sir, it puts me nior in mind
of what I have oAen seen at log- 'rollihg
ia th country in which I live it puts me
avar-' "Sm jf a bt boap ?pif of
tegsroll from tl;iarta"c ;;tt;-Iw
ground by th mutual aid of the log rot
krs; than 'any tbiogW And i one
Sir, I think th best thing w conM do
witb it, w ould be t treat tt'a w do tbe
, -- ' . . , '-1 ' '
Ipja u&s t bdujefl fljs&&0wi qitoKin&uU UtiiiUton wndjr circanlj(j:a5 1 bfl cxehslTf foCi j
JIINE.1
to and turn it ap, W do so however,
oithtlie toganot prciuly fbr th ipe
reanit , ' would, ibis strange affair w
Vum j)rn..lieris . t fir y. a re;, u tl"H4v:fbd
in. tl way t iel thnf sthing ia wrirt
um Ioso it U great poaitiv vit. . Thro
appropriatiorui amount to th enormous
sum of absut a 'million and a quarter, for
purpose, aa characterised by scientific
engineors, of at least doubtful , character
moat of them cmiag under th; deaerfp
tion to which tbe term bvdrograjihlcal his
been applied. This bill proaenis, in rpi
tome, a fuir rample of lit whole system
of intermdLiniprevemenuv. of which . we
hav Bince16'i4 had om experience.
It is a ytm of iniquity, one in which
from the very Dature of things, justice and
eriuily cannot, bo don 1 it is another part
or th general svslent of . tnnnferriiig
the property vi one t of me' to
other without any equivalent.- the
Tariff, lutern&J IuirnvemmU, pensions,
kct &C Tbe proaonl bill, nd the mam
moth pension bill, naatted through this
Hnua a short time sinCe, are instances of
the moat extraordinary outrage upon the
peaple of Iheir kind. With these bunging
upon the Treasury, bow are w lo pay the
debt? Ti U not known to Wi Civorilo ob '
ject of the F.xecotive, and 'till more, do
not lb peoplo geaerally look to th ex- j
lincliou of tha public debt U a political
lubilcel How then can. we reconcil it to
uuraelves 10 vut fur euvh enormities? The
system of, internal improvsmeat and tW
aritfsvsiani, rompoae the notable and Jar
Lined .4cni fystem. They are wor
thy of each other, par nobile, no, air, net
par nabUr, but pr ignnbile, not frclrvm,
but eJewomrin not a nohUpair o brothers,
Uit au ignoble ir 4 devi! 1 Was not
the devil, the author of all evil ! Tbe bree-
der of discord and suffering lo ur first
paretilaf Can any thing be more iu char-;
Screr ? To what. Sir, do we owe our pre.
arnt ' political division' and discord,
ikreoteiiiitg the ni(wt calamitous cons
quences,but to that most unfiirtttnatr and
iorqortnw 'Wtewrief re?islarll "which'
commeuced aoon after the dose of tht
war. Which ba been called or known
by the name of h new departure in poli
tics. Sir, it was new a moat unfortu
nate departure from all those fixed princi
Ele upon which we hail so happily acted
retofor And what ntheconseonence?
To what a sttt ef ifchtz have we comet
Are we not aow Blandim upon the 'verv
Lrink of polilica perdition 1 is not'Jia
membenncnt, and disunion talked of," and'
discussed In. this IJuuMr,' in every group
of member a common subject out .of
dc4irs,and "in th oewsjiaperst Aud to
what but this demoniacal system oflogis-
tatwnv; wratnbting fFonyaiid invest
is it attributable 7 Who is so blind as hot
tooew that unless w speedily return to
sound principles, ruin must coin 1 -
Mr. Speaker." tliewbule nf iuiiuu
bail, out some of it part are, if possible
wws than other ;,iodiretly th power
to erect toll gatee, is .asserted, whethar
intended or not, and though the appropri
ation have been said to be lo finish works
already begun, upon Inspection, this will
be conn not to be wholly correct, and even
it true, it would net alter the principles.
If you begin in error it will not become
right by keeping in the sain course, and
as the saving is, u throwing good mouey
after bad." Wo alo have thirty thousand
doUars iWatM-veyv whieh the vitiation
ot an worts 01 tnu kina, and aner once
csnuneticod, you are told if you do not go
on, all the mouey you have applied will
be thrown away, and this, by some, is held
a sufficient reason fur throwing away thou
sands and millions. Is it possible the po
pie w ho furnish thisV'moncv can longer be
willing to tie taxed for jucU purpose mil
soi Cod beTp them f V -?,"; '
This aurveying or engineering, a it baa.
been called, I well recollect, th com-
mencanient of this, business as a systenf
prolesaedry debated, on the ground of try
mg th . principle of a system ef internal
iniprovemcnts Borne three pr foutypars
ago, wHio" the present out were th then
ins, I recollect frequently to have beard
cb.re niinerinff tb neo-
ny. wow 1 oir, wnetner ini was s or
not, it is not necessary for me to say bnt
this I will say.tbnt I do not-wish that aay
war shall have . it in his power: whether
deservedly or not, to say of us, the parties
here what was said of the pohucal par
ties ttlglaniii,'., rZ.i-
i What, this rogje loses, that rogue win,
Tbey ar both bird of a foathor;,
00 here damn tne outs, and damn the ins,
And damn them ail together. - -
I hope arid desire the parties bore may
never justly be subjected to any soch wit
and sarcaimwould to - God biry
could have, but one parry on great party
all the members of which, instead of
scrambling for place and public money.
shonid be tound vicing with each other ia
disinterested effbrta to promote the public
good. Viewiag the whol of this bUt; is.
.. . 1. .. ...... -. i 1
diymimify ana couecuveiy, a improfr,
IjcXjiiiM--- vjpw'SiSr'sani
ground, one part with another, it would
be 1 difficult to; give a preference to any
on item ever another. " It was, I tbink,
some years iince, that upun the Maysville
road bill, 1 took the liberty of addressing
IVOL,., VmNO
aBBTsaaJaf
KUnrt norpewhal similar.- I eoasidVrtV ',
asset ttrey tjnvn tnsrit th mum late, ana
I tnusi taiellv vciah, thiswaw-iB
aaf .rtatfr-aiilcbV W ;!, Wttr?
prikcipln, I hav said they ar th s
mis as 10 iso eaiem, 01 miscniw ia tnucu ' - j
t) worst. T recollect taking ccaira in )
. u . t. . - . L . . .L . . f -
.l: . .1.. .. . . e . , - 1 1
iiij ih(h m mo auiijaci, u sy, issi a, ,
would a soon hav voted for it as for aay ,
measure of a similar cliaradcr avo I my . . -own
district 1 thisl will repeal, and shoulir . '
I evr break thrmrgb tb rule; which the, '
Constitution hai, a I believe, prescribed, , '
me, and sbould sVr uls lor any one in.
ject of this character, I ahould foot myself
tn benor.boiand to vnt fo every feasabl 1
on of siaular character from fastmV
Sjuoddy to llorida, and from lb Atlantis'
rentier to th confute of tk far West.-
If I was to sjtond an opinion, on the prsc
tical utility of th several ol jett of ini-'
provemeot proposed in th bill, I am oof
quit certain that I should not fsel boeuJ
to iay, that probably inor good bad beta
or might bo stone by epprppriati'ons f tb
removal of casual oUtructions ia tbe We
tern waters, usually termed plantar an4
sawyers which J( undcrilani ar formed
of tree tailing Into th river by Jh giv
ing way.of th laiikf from being wasaei
by frequent freshes, than . any others. I
consider, them, kowwer, no nipr era ill wl
to be called national tha ny other.obr " '
ject. I should lik to know when thry
began to- natfouar,1f thy "a'rt ao7wnil)r
standing as they grew on the bank, after
falling in th water, or not until they M
com fixed in tbe hand and mud at th but . "i
loin of th river, which I suppoa con.
stityM, IbooiJphuitcra, autl thai up adj. -down
motion, cautd bj the jiressur f .
the current; eoosttute then sawyers.- .
With regard la the nationality, and there ,
fore coiiatitutionajity of tbo gret Cumber. .
LuuT road, becMUss it gees 10 part f 'act " " '
eral Stales; why, Hr, upon thai priuciple
every road or path n every Kiat majp
becorwidero3 liatiunal ; T becou cTcry
path or pritate'load communictea with
some other, which lead to any and alj
others in th tuion, and therefore the
are alt and each hatiouat,lf anv one be.
Perbsj, however, the rtai thing which
give nationality to all things of Ibis char,
acter. is he Mtfiunal mewrken Vi.. .. -b
fakerfrourof th XaJiowlJfrepnrjtti
ButfMr. Fpeake'r, enouuh iu rubitioa U
tbo details wtliiraiTairt a lew Words 'tip. n
on Ine cansti'Mtional priucipl ana 1 , bav -
djoo.- 1 am sorry to have intruded e '
long upon th lioi and pa tionc jof th .
Uou, butlioj ,fvri-fow criiiiioi "
alIu a4iciooiiiJi ratiun'o past forbear,
aooe : for it will be il.itif-d, tlmt 1 haw -
"Hut ottedtrespaafm thi ww havar
V-?'r"'-'t '.7 .
lor yara contented myself with being ia
ouw dugree a tner looker n ia VntL
and as a farther contidratio f r trnpa3av
nl.ea.l.,uroe?h wui aw IA Uouaav
that this n th last time I will ever open my.
ijpe.far u at.prei
suojeci o ins imsruai iniprovcuient Jur--ther
than to say Nor TLia; pnvilge I
aliaD (till claim, so long as 1 ba v th boa .
or of being a me raber of tliis body.
Mr. opemier, when (be subject of inter
nal improvement was broached and first
diseussed as a system, lik tbe Dank que.
lion, 11 was ought lor and claimed to. baj.
found in some half doveerof the granted
power,' enumerate iu the Constitution t
and lib that tor thie reason wis erttilled ti."-.'
tne character .of a vagtaut ower
liie power. However, 4o regulate eens
merce, seem to b in th latr tiniss pru
cipally reliadoni this, and a branch of'
tin power the Dower to place custom
Sa"?! 4h4, dewgnatft by lawr ollectioa,-- -
or revenue tfieli ictav , This latter branchv
of tb pe carrie its own tSohfemnatioa
Uwn its face 1 bocaus, by placing custom ? '
bouses andoVgn.ahng districUi Coiigresa "';
could assum indenjiitoiy th jurisdicUoa;,,...
vr alt subject of Internal improxemeut X.
from the sea coast to the very source of.-4
our rivers, aome having already' extended "
But tne difhcuJty does not nd here.
What has happened, may posfibly b
again 4armttrWrfnnjr iVitort
and uiturnai taxes, -tlie State were laid
off inte aollcUoo or wwimiitm.
And thus, upon th principle asserted, '
Cjjngress could assume jurisdiction "oTvt
every thing of a local 'character in tba - -
country.--!-s-
Tliei gnerat powr to regulate c?Th?:zl
inecej-thrcf6pB; ''if'tlilipowwpsicuIaiA.
ly relied on It ioem to have been- tha 2T4
intention of our predocewri W ielit and "
establish as a fundamental principle inour , ' .
political uutituttonl that thi Stat Gverafl
menls, and rsderal Oovernment, "ehVuli
b coiwwered a. distiOot ' and separata.
affencieiestablidlied bv the roele for
difierent purpost:. . Tb - 011 aal lOtb " i f
aineudraents, and the second paragrBpU -
oi in) om amcio 01 tn veonaiiiution; wut, ;
upon Ai6 considtiration, satisiy an reJ ?
tablished. lathis viewl am suMa'inedl- i
'4. dotlniie'fbrfly. bufte4R-om:iIie' Coosiif 35
tatfon; bf no leas authority " than th SipT F
preane Courtr--tbat all the powr of th VT,
geheialgoyernAientr ar penary of fult , m;
powers over tb subjects committed tyfi-- I
th CoiWtitutios f o its maogement.t. Thi "
boing the case, all will admit that they:,
:
thew-l-J
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