y yy
v '2MiU KUblJiiyJjjt Ji so
11 m even wise 10 an-oam irom Us. which howev. ml v.-1 :.. n . i. . .. ,, i-. u i i .1 .1 .1 . . .. ......
The wisdAn ofleaiHlutiVil' li k- , '""'yea, nive 1:15 siin juace 01 iiw'tuuy ucu una no response in tacncan 01 xno citizen, ana wuicu wiu be evaueu wun nttte remorse
rBf BURTON CIIAIGE.
, Hvo,A,yit.yNo
! y ,7 t-' ;
- '- - v' " V
Tie , WESTERN CAROLlMASd
' ' ulAti onct i week at tiro dolkrt per
ini ifPt'A 'V66 "o' or lf
iJ,livontmA unM aU arrearage) art
" ". Aiatonlinut, out nontk before tke etmra-
Iff (f,'JHgHffc ' . . . ' f
Ana iterstrnvrorurini dx tolvtnt tuft
fcrlbcrs to the (toroUnian,ikallfkate 0
' 'inrnth paper gfaiit. v ,
- AilveHiwiiff t be BmwFimteiC. -.;
41 letter addrehiei to the Editor mlitt
le juMt paid or they will not be attended
&r These ternw will be Strictly aiftier-
'ti to.
WJU"
VIRGINIA LE qiSL VrUUE,
bfJXabe$Vfy and IfarvifK OA t
Ccatkmen any, you.may appeal to ptib-
iwKiiiativea iu Cd2rea-ryuu may petW
)wa (unyrew tor relief or remonstrate
a:ii l-tily, you may call a General Con
ention of all the Status,, ia which the
)Dtroverted power may finally be aettled,
by an amendmcnt"f tBCOwwtrtution. lf
tbese be the only modes of red rem, then
the people of the United States arrtot
ircemeu nut slaves, and t am ready to ap
oral to the aword to recover thoae liberties
jpr which, . through the trying jcene of
the revolution, our forefather gallantly
aght and bled. Sir, not one of thoae re
mediea alTord (5e ahghtcat ancurity f r
our rights they are all utterly inefli
cient and unavailing. That never can
be egteemed a " remedy" for a wrong
which dependa upoa the wilt and pleasure
f himwho coniaiita the wrong $ nd be
idei before you can influence public npiu-
' ion, Otfore you can change your repre"
Mittativea, before you can" potition the
Atxt Congreaa for a-rejeal of the obiwx
lu law, or renionstrdt againat if ; be
fort you can aaaemble and organize a Gen-
- rat ConMution tli dreJd Ut'.w may
b t mob the arbitrary nd tyrannical
aHicta of tKe FcderaE.'fiorarniwnt may
have swept away tlie last veatigeofiyonr
0 ltbert, and aacrined ymr dearer in-
r lerestf to glut ih 4&Mtiat avar t
l-XuUug.MWjor4y.iu uairriM. - otr. u-4at
My ahould tasne it niandate timtJDL?
""General Anembfy fstiduil nevr again con
verre that lteverx'!.i;JIiltfitk.r1i4
ilMifished iliroiijjhtuit the mpire of what
avail would lo your appeal to publip op
fcuon f wliat avail would be change in
- yeor representation of what avail "WouW
Wour ptlilioika a TOwwwimiteej pf
' ;""..lthat vii wuuia lJtM,.c4.;JU9fflri
UHivthtioa 1 Sir, tu an ins'il j the com
raKo MMiee othe forflhot'4HM taad to. fell
llwin that these are remcdiet aCTiiast tp-
prMno that these are the only mean
; sf redreMjng their, j;rict aticea, or Wpaif-
tag their wrongs. No, Jiir,' the remedy
'. tmwt be one' which can" oiora jropejty be
applied, and which will prove roorettlect'
vi, or wm re noi ra t i . :
Aa tlnttbo " oelieeu indrrtTod ty-
4T,ntlemei.will pot jci)Mjff."w juqoesdwly
.;.tMtat tyranny and misruie, th. jue
.on rccurt, what ara tba oropor-aful -uiU
able " remedies" to J 1 adoptod T . 1 he
State, air, must throw itself on its aqver
and exercise Iti right bf ttlf art
, srtoion, in ronh manner as h tnay deem
bertcakfltafed to protect, itself froin ag;
feasto6, mnd its people from dost root ion ;
right derived to States,' a well a to in
' ividuala, from the Great Author nt our
ferns j sacred riirht. inherent in all
fqTuical coramimrtiee,- which can neither
aned oor destroyed. TheBtato lias
:.jigm 10 uiierpoee-tor arrening
jTogresajif tlie evil- either by accedinj
irooj toe compact, altogether or, by re-
j!nJDWUan.tbALIiiioivqd flrjuly lar-
'ito CungreMsyou have trCddeit undtif
Q thoae linritfttiunaruDon the do wars
.iSJed t yuu (Ur the iMiblio welfare-athl
v 7W nave vioiaiea ine vonsutuuon,
?mr arts are pull and Told, and shall not
nt.rccd within the limits of the Cn-
nonweahW. ; Gentlemen t mat talt . this
iTrtifaTioit if hef pletset 1 am not
-iU(LouiVwttw"ma' but I call it JSVt
auw4Tiox, anfl in point of fitct( tlwy are
He and ihe same in tlieir Vnbde ol opera
w'n, irtd preeisely the same in their effocU
eStiacoiicne-. ' . ..
-Thirf pmFdv pnjceirffi8Jeirc J ami
""joaea retults; it elTectually controb
"renfromlnwIeM power, it euoctually
..IWrda ikm pWir tibiW rhd I rlir
-" wuetaei the world christen it Nullifi
''"onotgtatalnterpoaition. t.
l sir, thia doctrine for which I am coo
sjnnnrtl
Aery's Ajaber of Ihe Iloue acqiieintcd
1 wiij UewJ.hral hMtnrV of Vireinim n
; a h t her it has not boee sanctioned if
f ." -ituiL'jjr ewrriiwd bj rbe General Kfi-
I, 'l-ia was nasi lintir fkm
td -wdrtioh ct.;U?y; tW 2iti .Vctiiin .fi
llmt ;t U was jM-givnied m mmdum, that
if hy t)crtn sfuwltlwrile or itrint, titifer or
Stute, feiber Hi mi of C(jti;rcCvor t'ie
and bV4mm iHofiliVnit fur a frrrn'mi Miiani
mg 1 wo jear. vpiq rinreiico io ftj act,
jlJi'ilibeLuL3cavre4 4lwt-; ifc- inWitirTiiJ
tictptioM whattoettriM wm .
einutod frviitlie trtiCRHi f this bill of
fMtu ,nnd puttie. Tlw Ilprnieiitiitiv
of the freenH:n li Yiriuirtt wiib in the
foarfur dlacfittrge ?,f liis (liTf o? rtlKfiilwf
fwlt,wlie.l a wth, in -which ilheir'tUgh
MiIitine.s thiifojn'grtwwof the U. Statew,
Sr.ihn Ptvilet,wa eliftril w'uli olficiiil
ohiiqtiencyV. wa& liable to be'finrtl $200Q
mid unpTHvinAd lyjw Fa-1 Did ttm
General Assembly at fknt tlmt elu'ylshly
iubtiiit to w aggravated auWrage on the
jhghl., wf tlie' people 1 No, air i that Body
wa then Ciiiino?d of nioni who were the
watcpftil gUiiidinndof tho publu: freeloin
Ihey were ant likai3tiji(tUri.oC.
noa tin rinwrrC.Maiiisjr9u
SIkau i-ua low or thb LtCEHTiEao
R6i,T Tin! Legislature M tnteriosedf,,s
it ouht toJiayjB j lto, arasaiLt'iba npuaa
fajiiToTCh'e tvranriwal and uncintilutional
act aud- provided that if -any irtembor of
ither UoUse of Avembly nhoulj be impri
soned (or a violation ot that nufifioii, tlm
State judgea should ofr application tssur a
writ of kabeat corput, and firthwith ni-m"Mmf.(rm-
rooflneineftt W ai'"rio"t
this Nullification Wan not this doc-lanu
in substance an act if Conurefs, null and
void, oud inoperative witbin this Stitti; ?
Ajmin, sir, in the celebrated case of llun
ter vs. Martin, 4th Niunforjl, ap .appeal wit
taken to the Suprouie Court of tho United
States, frou 4eeiwt of the" court "of1
appeals of Virginia ; The Supreme Court
reversed the judgment of the Virginia
court, and commanded our ju.les to enter
up tlie judgment of the Supreme Court as
the Juilgiuoat of tut ,UU.Cuut.iB,VVa.
iui niaiHiHie Heyeo, oir t o.- 1 nr jud
ges of our Court of Appenls clearly fore
Ww that if they recornisied the appellate
jurimliction of the Supreme Court, that tho
reserved rights of the sovereign Diirties to
tlto Fedorsl ConiNtct, would be tort coin
pletely at the mercy of the (Jonress uf the !
VmimJt tinm the F 'efcjfA JadlCllfy
and that by rliff 'ieirubifi :n '( the former,
aud the adjtnlirirNons 4"the lutler, the fed :
crative chraettNt our trove ruinnht would
gra-luai! be. einnd aod converted into '
vast corrsjijdah'd ileanotism. Juuue
Ktwiftf rf.aiht: tivaod kr the
ridian of hisxlori 1 vted to the nrinci-
jiicn and jv)rt!ru if the rilits ofthe States,
ie. i jn eUibtt1aniiBt' rfwtfnjtJitHiiit
alike tor Lie. louici! ( vntv of Us reason
inj andt!ie cine'e lit nervoun elooiumce
of Hs style, vimiai:ied tho great . (JiM-tritica
ol V, and cl-Muly (I"in,u8trateu Urn I the
35iU inwst'nin of the act of (rhgrm orjeait-
InnW. .MM jCmO1 . J aatOMry f UIHief " W KKn
the appeal, had been allowed, was not ant-
thMVjUiii' .4)1 .fTwMiQf.iie.,oiiatat
ol the Uuijted States, but was a palpable d
daiigerwu usurpation of the Right of the
States, uloihu,opiwinv Sir tUe UuueU-if
JoJre tmamtnouug concurred and the
mamlate of4he Simrems Court was disre
girded ami resisted. - AVas not this Not'
UfirfTioi) Tvvaa not thTa anttiii at Tfi.
anef.botb Th ael"oT the tJoiiifreaa of the
United Stales, and the.fiulcioii JudtfUMutt 1
the 11 ilitrf i'oiierai Joieitri Tribunala !
Judga UojU4I the coume f his remarks
took occasion to observe, that ' while the
" States hi their Inc wlaturv, or even nn
gmal character are authorised to inter-
V lore in casee of the palpaMe nature turf
mcntiooed (meaning a doiiberate, pa'pa
" ble fnd danger mis exercise of power not
graated) the Lourts of Ihe b I it teg 4 re oiao
u authorised to check; the evil when it
"curs, rti the' exercise of their .ortlinarv
iuristiction t"rood vet Sir. the decision
oftbat Judje Was bailed with shoots of
triumph aodjoxultatioii by I bo State Right
Partf throughout the Commonwealth. ILm
not Georgia null 1 hod a treaty ratified with
rlll tifi Bolemnitie4jreutfed by IheConat
(Uiion, uy wnic.u ing uuiku oiuit guur-
auteed to the Indiana the undtstiirbedenjoy
mciiiof the land occupied by thoin within
tbat State 1 Sir, Nutlihcation is one of the
I remfdiea to which a 9ta,Q ynny reirf f..r
relief. iroui opireno 4bat 1 the "true
faith? y -' -
.TltAgltawTttUcrly, .mtoiiahoill M r.
Speaker; at tlio'teal and cagcrnesa mnni
feiited by gentte.meu to'renounc this 'great
conservative principlo" of federative insti
tutions. 1 itnnlorf them to panse before
tliey tarevemurreoder right, eaaential to
(be secu.rity.of our Ubcrtica auiintexcsU;
a rwht which if ones abandoned, will leave
its' bjo alternative, in all cns of flagrant
perversiort or wnnptj'ti ofpower.biitto
witburaw Irom the contcduracy j to ais-
member the Union, j I warotheni to reflect
on fhc elements now at work, which in
few yean will produce a storm the fury ofj
whivih has seloom oeen equal ia in niw
country I wartt thcrb to roeolloct tb
aluverv w now made the topic orangy m
elamatioii in the northern pulpits that
their public journal teem with mrUimna
(017 dcDtiaciatluos agniost it, calculated to
77
aroii the'ficrcest paioiif aud prV-juiucct
u oiuiinuuo , mat iru repr-mtUed
and, seorurully rebuked for pnrftitttinj its lv tbmittv'd to a systein. jruiii'.usi
I'WL WiNlanco nK jsthat thu re-s(ut-tiveandk.lHtii ' Uviistthis
pr. utn.a,to which we are titled (or t,n.8.nith Carolina ia at lal. in delenee
totce BJUa- W ur. colored. HiMton ' WV
ojwulyrotiottntojja
!Cmc-tsW.l timjeuUuBMfriklaJii
eiU i 1 want tliem to reculbi iAir t
things, nd then bit thorn rememl!, thai
if ftie'tntNguiilbd pMaiiWrbpy Fhypocri' I
Uoal fiuaiicimn of these Dwthern people1
sliould . be coinmunirated to their Repre.
wdtatives ,ia Congrea,' and that lidy
should undertake to emancipate our alaves,
I a rne Tiivolie tbem to tell me whetltcr
the. Legis.turri of .thii JHate wuuU not be
guilty of Ibe basest perfidy to the people,
if it should permit uch an act to be enfor,
ced within thia State M earnestly Invuke
them to toll mewhe ther it ought pussiVely
to wait; till the People of Una Comuion
f eaW could; ajwetnblo in Conyeiition 'to
take into consideration1 the Dropiiety of re
suming the poweri granted- to he Federal
Goyernment, and of withdra wing from the
confederacy 1 I know Gentlemen are ready
la leplyj -tlwt euppeau-fxtrenie cane
Sir tlie eign of the times are portentous
,45raiiA.4iMrtad being an-tmpmbable
currencQ, avow my onictiin that nHli "J
ing out me oreaa ot our avenging awortf
Fillijr-Ttirtfew l?igTauu" Popfe fiom
aueh a measure. Sir, tliey are proverbial
Whetr'xgvrevfjr'in dineerning ttieiT trtfe
intercuts, and for their inflexible and per
severing oUtiiiacy in purmiing them ; ami
i finnkty acknowledge tliat I am oiie who
believe tlml in that nursuiU thev aro little
a aenso of either justice or
hqiiOsty, Lt.tiae appriwe youlbcn,nir,
that it is to their "iiitcresrt" in various
ways', Xi alwlitih slavery in the Soulheru
States, but more eseeittlly is it to1 tlieir
Ktej5J.W one resppcl-tliey. made imllkipa
of dollars by tctri'ij tlie anctory. of our
ti'Stoi (roin foe 7.'.iw;ii if iVoi r h tines and
country, and tiiny wmilil mnk.e iiulli'jiw of
doJIara by tra!i.niriirig tho present race to
tho shores fit' Africa.
Sir, I have hiifcarded as much in the
cause of-hi4iti.m' a: trrr'wwrt fn thti
State; but I would, like a Spaiiiiinl, war
even to the knife, before I would permit
any earthly power save the Legislature
of Virginia, to interfere With a subject
of such excecdmg delicacy, magnitude and
importance.
McPpcakerriio man in the Commoa-
wealth W lmre proioundly impressed that
1 am with the perilous eoiidithm of the re
puWirp and," Wir,:. I should r be gu'dty of
treachery to the freemen whom: 1 repre
stint on this floor, if t failed towaru'th-nn
of bodanger.wbicb nwwo
ry exwteie of all thewe. institutions they
hate hitherto - venerated and "ficU sacrodi
convulsion, which nothing but the mintcu-
lous interposition of Providence can avert.
convulsion the consequences of which
no humsn wptcky can firMrti eartEty
Pvwer.an cimtroL. . I, fiiT oner ascribe ttO
magic ower no. poto
soleuin resolves ot this august ,uny. I,
for one, ith all my proud , udJofly,.ca
i'rpltiws of thtt 'iiightry' of tins tair fcticieut
O.iumonWejiUh, do not believe that it is in
our potter to bush and iledva the furious
and" angry pMSHioriS which tlie tyranuy
and misrule otyenrx have aroused in the
bnenras tf an imtignant and justly inceini'd
I poople. Nor sir. do I bolwive that it is
imwpogsiuteto pirventa nwtiie ami sao-
t uinnry issop ol the content which will
twwtybe wtfge'ttetweeB-ihtratJtteirWe
of thet ni. and ofsMith Carolina..' .; IIuw
sir, in ihe etasprated state of public feel
ing; eau tuch collision be avoided .Wher
ever there exist two rival tribunals, jeal
ous .if each other, each entertaining juris
dirtion oyer the same matter of cuntro
versy, with a physical f tree at command
ft carry into execution heir respective
adjudications acts of outrage amj -vto'
lenre will and moat be committed, pir,
tlie people of South C arolina are deternnn
id to resist the tanlf laws, at all haiard
and to the last extrepiity hey will nev
er ircrrace their teps, till the Congress ol
the United State aliall renounce uocimdi-
ditionally and furerer the iniouUJtia-olt'
ey if pluooWin2oe-ectiooi the Luioo
for the benefit and aggrandisement of an
other , a policy which linpoveri he aod
pHnead"hmitbrwgboiif (Tie Bootfij"wnile
it f sters 'he indUitrv, promotes the pns
peril y Hid Inmam thB Veallh ol the
North. Mr Speaker, I recollect- when a
lad, frequently to-have the port of
Norfotli irrowded wit 0 . ahtJCroin cvarj
pari of tfie eoiiimercittl world, stimulating
the e otorprwe & rewording the industry
ofoQr peoijle t oow Sir, that port is com-
narativeiy deserted, -cnsrienon 1 am in
iormed la also, ia a similar - condition;
Mor 0M, ir attouuaely uretbei p-
tittu of the Union from Baltimore to Maine
east vour eve ever lldrvland, Peiniftyl
States, and almost the whole extent of tlieir
public highway is iA.continuons Tillage
citiea and towns in every direction, neu
as if by Magic, w earing tbe aspect of com
fort, abundance and wealth while, if you
will idanea at tbe oppressed region of the
A ?ooth, I should be rejoiced, if from ib
Potomae to the Gulf of Mexico yoe coun
iwiint to a mngle town that i thriving
single riling wkica i$ ttql io deciry.- "Sir,
pie 01, earth, who boast of their bb
lertfcs. - rver so lunt; ao tarn Iv. fo i-an. tit
LerVi 'Ws iud iiter... taken a stantl,
lethuly protliimea to the Federal Gtfvtrri,
gaent, that H will elidure it no louder than
tl fifit of I tliruary aed btimMrfwt
.1.1 . .,1 . I A
Coivevtbut le manitejted great deference
trtbe Authg-itie tb I'iuiod'Slates,
and great forbiarance under her wrongs,
bv fixing upoa a diwtunt a dav-rfor. be-
twwo ihe n Uttpdny ia boctmber, when!
tongress .WvUljl convene, .and tho first
of Fcbrunry," it'ttoil of to nioullu would
elapse, within wVich timev that bmly, if
umpost'o 10 rcue ner ounnens, ami. oo
justice j;othe 'mtb, woula have ample
time to Modify tluTaritf acf j The alti
tude, air, she lias asslimed, is cMiAidered
by some geatlenitn. in this pftuws, whosp
patriotism I cannt question, as treasona
ble- : I view it ai glorious, and worthy of
the pbt fame of ihat reiiowmd. ioiiimon'
wealth. The" South , Caroliiiiatis, Mr.
Speakctf, are 1 trave anil gem'rous, "i bigb
sai riled nd , c hjyalroys, jwopIp-s-roUtLoT.,
the gli-y'of ihr bitlior, tad. Uolatrouly :
It taciie ti I he cmise of rroedotn. , ;1N 0
Utla(fru
wiiwoi injury; nlO people ever iju iieans
moreprompt to resent, or hands more wil
ling nd resilv to aveiiiro it. No c riiveo
fear cirdlesthe life blood that family and'
freulj flows through, the. vemaof tho. des
coiidsits if their lifrtirens, and Piekneytj,
ami 4uupter. e-Tby--niay be vmttimskfjil
hut tiey cauartfrbe uttbdurri. .r.M:i.sf.si
fanf vt jionx. Aso Fckkhkx ast
ATKKIWOI.VEn TO DIB.
"jr, wliiie I dt-ploro the eauas which
1 . . .1 ; . I.. "
nnvi produced llie preitent apnamijg cri
sis It-white 1 deeiiiv denlorft lbo wroniM
aiiALwHiee-swflieteA on mrnffihr ril lire"
llir-o, bv the insatiable' rapueitv of a part
of wire Confederacy, my eoiwclvuce will
not ,ie rr it pie to say, that I lament their
stern, unbeudnie de.'enuwatuin to reu4.
I He ! sit ion they now occupy, is tlie po
WfoY frn 'sfioulcl; atway i Tiii"c',wlu;n
tyraixiy beconvs iofupKrtallile, and every.
pctetj pacific remoi!y to1 which they
m resort, has proved unavailius : himI,
air, a I mow the coming conilia lo w s
atni'de bitweeu DasfoTiix and Fans-
dom; letweeil. rothb-w OpprksjIioji ard
oacaiV. Ija tor a-tf .tfaaamis on wv
1 1 -
in; wdl, with the treasura and obxd 'of
Wiiiie, sustair, and uphold her sisler,
ftmth Cnroiin",' Wbetlieryin this coiiirbl
f ofiy tlie be "rigfil or ,- wtfigVreiw!fj;
Sttould South Carolina faH,- Mr. Speak-
erfcthen will be eitingntshed ibrever lhu
" last bopeH of human li Wrty ,T1ie u
ernmenl of tn ironed States will acqutre
me!
lutiouixe it character, and convert it into
military despxisni Large standing
rmie will be emnloved in time of pro-
FiuiiJ e3ia3L."JJ crust svon tlie efigbleat
ayu)ptpmckwbordintio;in.th
-trv at at ea-these at gulling armies wjll Ihv
poverwb, ojipres and grind the people to
du-t and aahaa. A corrupt ood uopriiK
plad hiajorny ' in ' Cougres,'"in sway
illwiyt clieck, limitation or restraint, the
dcktiuie of (be nation, and the death-knell
h freedom will be sounded throughout the
moii. Jkisidee, air, the fate of a. Caro
lina to-Jjy,"wni be tliatoO'irginia 0 nor
less To the" earth, wiil sboitfy alter be un
theathed fit.tlta destruclion of tlie other.
I'adfrtliiriirunTaoceeii . Virginia
and Sviuth Carolina are bota.agricuUural,
exporting and slave holding State a we
are completely identlfiod ia maimer and
habits-feidinga and- pretud'ee princi
ples and interests, I ttul tbat tbe cause of
Nhiib Carolina Will be o r cause that we
shall have A core moo triumph or a com
mon 'grave."'. I trust that wbea tbe battle
cry is beard, the Haunerof the u Old 0
oiiuion. witn ine vcdius 01 L.ioenv
trampling the pMstrate Tyrant under foot,
will agiiio proudly float upon the breexo,
planted aide by side, with .the'etandard oi
S. Caroliuo.' 1 trust, that the Palmetto
of tbat State now' drooping under Ihe dead
lij oi wotheninji
urpa'wu, wui again aprvao 11s oraoemjs 10
tlio iuo, fresh ood green, luxuriant and
flourishing, a ia the brightest day of her
g&wy t and that t'fie little Star! of her
dcfhnyjiow lrupgbng through the dark
owennir and stormy cTouusTwhicli tbraat-
en to eaabmud and oUcure it fore vef, will
once tiore -break uprft the eve i't ajl its
Wbrininnej-a
siwtiw it ee the oecree 01 neaven inai
South Carolina sliould perish in tlie bloody
and Unequal conflict, then do I fondly trust.
that slifc will vloriously perish, like Leon
idasanl his gallant Utile B ind iq the camp
of .iha-PgraiiMi, antidd ,fnwq4jim..aad
THSice tea THoriAX of rut eiiroit
ttEKn Mvaytooxs, of FkDtAAi. ' Dar.
1;y" y; , .'.yrf,
f The emblem of S-JUtb Cerolina ii
ralmetta tree and a siuule Star. '. .'
y ; ,-d,..' i,' :. 'i .4 r -- f
A mii a y( at Hull, aive rtised fjial
" if the person who was guily of the olTence
for whic)iie was ipiprisoned, woul j coaie
aod cooie tb(B anmi (io eiajj fcahaai-
rit'M tue itokix & imwoAM'HKAL.
' Meiwrs. T?ivwam i'v .Wft.nt'. ! V '
I here wind -u t'ne firtt'tKiniVr of
ny reiiinrks, iiit-ndo g io i!m what are
tlie piiur ijile tifto rejiuliiir
i-nn irty, and,
Fedeiul UoVeinment V;iui rosjierifany',
-r
Patscmts oP thb Ri;fi uut A)i Parii.
V'' w No.; 1. .f-(.v?'V" 4 -i
'The first orru "in tha creel of tho IU
m:lk;v!i Pa htt , ia this That llt'o Fri.
HR a f u 0 v i: r n a r. st -was nottornn-a "by
tlieAttaics.rjtvi,i.S4a-wiioW!$ but
emanaU'J from tho ricoi'innf lite sbveual
KfAiici, as cimp'iing dUliwt and iude
pendfiu communities. " . . i. '
1 bis rmxcif in is one f Ihe chifi coi
ner nquHHf -on 'which ; the Kr.ri ni;icx
Part, have lufd tho f umfution of thwr
political faith. It is so '.obviously inif,
that but few have been found bold eticu jli
to deny it 1 indeed, we might reiiarma.bly.
supxo tli.U umm would deny it, c id we
nut kuoy thi! coufrai y . Ia iwib fiw
Jiit Ouincy" Adams, iq- Ilia L4t bT ot Julv
ti!t hererxwtre rt!ovj:BiKt;t f--atid
McLane, in vthut eMra-irdinaijiL
itilemten die aainopiniai
io estahlii'h this prua :iple, namely, tltatj
tho 1 r.uKR aljO f bn'Mot is a rororKB I
ihacx uf Sovrafc!.T Staiw, and tkH a
Co.iOUDATl tiov V.Ufi M f.HT, o'ends nl
together 01 hiMoj ical futR.. To pone
thopratroftf I -fl;
aa lite oaUiieof-tlie u'ject wiH perniit,
reier 10 some 01 xuose net.
First, Ihethete STiTfc, when Colo.
Nits, weraaeparate and distinct Irom farh
thur. Aciilonies,.lhey..woie aettjd l
Idiflbreni isiiiuiltl of .ttua sinoer-drtP-rent
.......... . . 1
euaners ; grautou oyuuiereni Monarch
to dtifereiit w-rsou or comiaiiio. r,
Thus, tw fr$t charter of Virgi iia, was
? ranted by (ueoti Eliz:il'tn, ia the ytjif
i' MarvUnd, crauled ly Cbarlet'l, hi
IOm Vuiyiuu grawwt Vbai
toiU'-tViiuii.vlvaow, ih is-iiy Yhnrttii
J, and Ueorgia in It'll, by leorge J.
Thore was oci'rul cowu xiou what
ever, between tho colonies,. Their teiri
tone were separated froiti ea'cli othiir by
natural or sitiilt ial bouniluries, ai'uHaiut'd
"otid well defuiod j'uud whem;er any d-ubt
farowejar to itie true" ImejTbH wehaiiyrtJi
mem, contuiissioners on 1110 part u each,
wiiicii was aiwnvs win wau mo iximing
f.tfirralitiea mcidaiit to fcoiiitpumlite judo
pimaMYMcll'otlie' ; ,1 L J
4 lioir charters wore diirirent t the na
turepf live powers, end nrivijege grsr,.
twjj iliclr iaw. Oiuda uudurltbeJiot bar
different, la Carolina, they commenced
with a code of law drawn up by tho cole
bratod John . Locke,- i which ordert of
Nohilitv were established 1 In Mauehu-
sett, thii idWai'tliat
giverned by? the ; IkWe,'iBtilrtliey 'oW
make bettor law for Ui'JDiaelvel 1 the Uw
of the Bible were ounercedod by ttie fttut
lawii under wlncn heretic and Witches
. I
were burnt, la New Lniland, the 7rr
6jytmia. Religion -preVailml In -Muryi
land, the Mosuia CaMoat aid in virgin
ia lie Jl'tgh Ckurck all estuUiIod by
law. . ... .. ' :' '" - f--
a JrccJoiiiiJrXiiiiH
blies" Were chosen "ilillbrently iu di ill ant
cCilo::ie M-the jpivermrs"were" appoiuted
ditfcramtf t-i-rtieonie casefMTBe promt
etors m ottiera oy me emg. v ;
. .
Lach colony, at times, carried on wars
by itself against, tbe Indians,' without the
aid of any other colony ; eithet in men or
money; and marie peace for itself, without
eonsuiiiog the utliera. .
. t bus the, coJouh; contiimrn to art ana
eovera themselvea. under their respective
charter, from thei first etllemenVle
the time when the quarrel commenced it
tbe mother country I each, however,' as
sejHiiate and distinct colony, owing alio
giance to the uritishl Lrowo.; -
That tlie coloniea alwav eofmidore
tiemsolves, ench. iiidepeiuJeAt i( the tW,
ietvionffre1m-tYy-ia Trewiei
li their reftoctive Tastories. 'For a nu.n
ber of years "before the war broke out, it is
known that wvni of the eojoniet Bjipoiitted
agents, 'caflod coloiHr agents, )o rcsiiU
Titrttip KiTgliHh (t tyernmf,o,-i-aK
attonding to the interecrt of the colony f
which ho wu appointed, aud m other 1 ihw
koroing up a tort of diplomali relation
Wweaa each cuUmy miU ike agUsh Go
vemment.v t . . .
. That the British Government viewe
the colonic in tbi liuht, to witr at sciie
rate political commiuiiiiea, ei:kdepen'leiit
on .the crown,; but . iudepeodent of each
othrr,- r rltir fVorw-niiTts-actaiTBe first
meaiiure of coercio! odopte by the miii;
isf rV. were not levi iitainst all th ndo-
tiiicsi' Tjilt agaiuH"lta.s5;iciiusclU alone.'
1 he (irst attempt te bring tho colonies to.
gethcr, fijider one Govoment, was madej
intlie year 1731. 'rhe history pflbia pro.
jei f given by Doctor raaNau, wh
j--" 1 - 9 " n vfi -mi
icat the author of it., 8oe 1st, 1
& n' works, page 1 37. The cir
vol. Trunk.
circumstances-!
weretnee, in the. year 1751. war wui
France being apprehndd, in which eyont
it was known that all thecobima wnulJ be
the cnmiiig 'rm, tho Ij(h or 'l in.lo'
direi-ted that a Coiirena of eommiviH,
era from tlie djU reut colonic Tlii.cl.l'W
wemhlgd at Albany, tunro to coi,Ot it
ttM. - ttna if defiNR,fing tb"'r ountrv-Vs ''i'J'l.'JjJL,
pmed, by Afsenil4y-(if ' Pfmylinrtnai'T
Oiietijlmconiieisatoncrs. Isajsl Ja v
our way imvuer ft'. .tiimny.) 1 ptny rtTl , . ? t y
and die'wsip plmi t; r tl.e Utrfs.n fi!? tbn f ' i 0 ,
ColoiiMa lioJer ope Government in rat d f
miki tt $MKtmtrg forefner. a'ad other.. - ' -.-.,.....,
j :i m-m- . ' . . .
tmjtwi turn a;crrc jH'rptmrs, II rop."H!W (f . , ,
fui tiier that the.Congrws of Co'nWifcsioii. " -crial
Aibany ,.uloj.u.(J ifeaheiwn4'eT'tr.T,'
dered copies to he taiwtiittod totha Lori N;
of Trade,'and io the Assembly vf the sV. -'' '
eral oI.Hiirr,. for ttair otiftsiiderahoiv , .'
dojition. . Ha eayi: f DylhisjaVn, tl, -Je.ueral
Government wn. to be adi itra.
ered by 8 Prdiul (Jei.ernlajiin.ttit
and auimorled bv 1he crowil t and a nrm.'l '
Ci,uueii., to. be clitwen by (tip Reprtvt -
lives ot me petipte of the revermctl'nls."
U. rtiUreoutiiniea ls) wn sinpuler t
10 jwemUiea ilnl eoletiont it,A they all
thiiibt there was to.vtmich jTmm.Vr. r
w rtvrinis-rbirfirfl pt:n 'T uRt ..Tni J"
ei)unieat-unilor.:ii)e jGiurwow-tn leJ, -
entirely through !helrepiiiiirji.
lt.'c7JoilnwTP it 0 pa 1. withi li a
ami powoin to govoru ihemaches ; v;t;--T-sj!
Mr.MiLune f inuUr tbe Royal Hot- i
erptfieiil we bud norrfrtref1iataltrir.? "1
The text ktteinitt tW a-na mode tb biin? .
the,coUimfs W-lhr, Wn in lbecarl7 7
74. ' lie di'puhf Willi the mother country -
wU.iowei'ngitrnfc prin.T
ciptca iuvalvi driqulJy wtuooroMig all, r --
tongre(ipH:legutcshoin a the Colo -m
tiles was ni-dpoaed lobe held in, rhilndel-ji
ihui in w'piouiber, i74. iAecordiotfiy'
'lexte3&Oin.tweiKO.oilhebiiUeoU.- -
cue4.i- PbiUii!pbUat.tilijHiHHijr- --i
led." Tliis Oh as M1rciMf.1l is) lvtf!a' f .
live'functihuii, noi cialnvd. any pf.wers m r
a paramount Governhiilnt ? its wis 'e so t
Imi was rfonotiNtratory' to the Hriti'b G'f '
eiiitm lit, and tecouin.ordatciy io V.u mf
djviiluxo
It llie iMuiiVyasiVyiltkia-Xwegrim "was nj v""-"
solve. . Ou tbe 10th of Jlay, i 1,78. aevor ,
(iitg to l!iti recomtiiendntion of the pre,ce
dnig .fxintrreeSy the nb'itj frog)ll)0 col ,
ntiiei' Vmf again,-coming, together wit &
'!"T rr,wfir ,'r',u -n'"r rejective Assenu
lie. The war having nowcume'iiced'.
Viifhef aie wi Utear HmmBherWu, " ",lX-4
oniieT'tTi'gnii'i Ff3Coiigjeia were Volar -
d, and i cemtrtottir-if'jTw.jU col . " - ' :
1110 wiirer i.igoinrri wiiif no- prsortw ,
iolHMtr''Ctb2rNt at.(5elrnraeuj4 Gov, r'm'Z'.Z
riri'4i-hftttrtf('rrfrw feonf lhedtf -
ferent jeohtftletf " to their yclcgatM provu ' -. " ""'
thif l-.llI1lt'j77r'Wb'ott' IRe rubfiirw.VLT TI-
mtttBjwwTif North Carolina, apN(inl i -
its Delegate in the iollowuigcautiuusimia ; ,
in'r
it Retired. Tbrt Wniiam lloODcr. J.vi.
eph lfowe ami John Peun, Eis. m Z
uiej'tire Borpitjr affrtiea -ifctesruM' ai
.:ie r e-. tyviir.r. . 7.:--ii.r-ii : -. .-
tion of tbe jireaent year l tnc end il
RifvbeniiUiM Aiild 'ak te
province, W tttcnd t;iBgA!i)faT Ctn , e-e
at Philadelphia, or at sdeh other place rm
may be appuliiteu kbjkI twy ere-hmif -
inverted with mickpowfr a, (i sy nmke
iti' otli doiu by. thorn, r any of tieiir or .
comment given -iiL Vhalf pfihj prtii,e
ttpHfOWteiJi witkauelkrirtstntrtriftif r
may be given by this CigreM,t obntil.ti '"--ry
on eyenrinhabilsflt .thoreotl . In tle -
MHvr,mmriwb:?cab4ff'-"Wte
lions U its UoUgalea, Jnciiog tliu hoar
loa(4, tuil koiear iogi. , ,'7
In the Ctmgrosa of 1775, the most im ,
portent nK-asure oftn.il anfti4 b xlv. wi rs t
tb Vae Chafing contiiH puj'lnay, jifu(
the appoinlmeitofaidefierat, to command
all if continental fcc,' ; Gcore "iVh,. ,
tngtoa Was uniunou!y apiMJutedeneral
and (iinhitssou was made uut f or liitri, '
runmng in tfie fon.TVHiij. woriu,i----J,;In s
Congrei. The Def-'gutesoi llfV U, nitcj ,
Cdlooiet o. JS'ea llumptkire, r; .mi-
iterating ihu whle uf thcio by nao,--.
To George Wi:b1gloW,"KMi'r V7J7: 7
,be Uwyiiralioutd IjifletK-n .e:ie as al
krtnwmiuiiTaMib
L't mi liHik at eomu of tho .inci(!.?iitHfOii-. .
nexted with that event, and ace if (he co!o.
tiiea. bad no tejuta clWractor lvit;
eVieei of tliaMiiiie. "Tfti lliV'fjoiigress iif
areord, athepiifjinouiitli'saJola wiii'j '
mdiopor ws it done by il'Jrlfrtwii TV. i . .'7?
en by the Colnni.il AsseiuMiee, to lVi . .
feapectivA'. dete.intc Let hf.-ryrtyla,-7';,7.-''
To the honor 0 North Carolina j be it naidt
hsr " Pmvioeiuf Cimgress was the first of
all to aulkorim hor IMfjates to declare)
lnJon'bncc., The" Junialev of the Con- .; i . . .
eiess which aat in II ilifix in 1775. sho.f
lhi faei. -- Vlb lAday -A ft4F f l Wji4 -4--
year, tlie Cigres iaaaimti.siy' adoptua ,
tbe flwmgUe.uti c sj :-? ; , . -A jtm,---
'Iljtd, iel.tlie dblegatcl fbr fHU .
colony in the continptal Congress, lie em ' ''
powered to concur with the IMc'tntee of '
toe other colonies, in JiK-laring Imlepen- ,
dence, and liirining foreign allinmeSj,' re- : t.
aerrin to Ibis-colony till o?e and rxrfrt- ' s ''
sire ri'lu of forming a eon ititutieff ami . . :'
!,iws for this colony, and r.f appoint tog
nlogniea, r(,inj lime to time, undrr Ihe
- ;deee.uon of a gmiend repre"itsti.n there'
i
t
"
1
!fcl,t4-;-- :.-
1 r .
3f
I -j !' to Miiljr, ia oxht .to wovid agaiiwt Uf) to moot the iclejatct f tU etitcj ; ;
- 4.trv, -.v (;4
s. . f - - . . ? !- ' . . .
-j . . ' ' - ... ' . i . . .
v.
1
1
' J' 1
r --!'- A