Newspapers / Western Carolinian (Salisbury, N.C.) / June 11, 1841, edition 1 / Page 2
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t y five ratern M the fate ulten oer oeut., the fifty dollars will yield twenty, or any intermediate sum, lit the mm progressive fo. And admitting this to be true end it is presumed noexerionced agri eiiltnrist will doubt it it follows, ihtt a capital of 5,000 dollars, expended in the cultivation of 200 acre, will only yield a profit of 50(1 dollar, while, if applied la no more, thin una hundred aorc-a, it ,wmid produce 1,000 dollars; therefore it i evi dent tli it hi profit would be increased by diminish ing the quantity of hi land. Many a man ha been riiutid by alarms farm, who might have ac quired a competency with one or naif the ail. M wt farmer are anxious for large occupation, and mxny are thus but rayed into the error Ol taking a greater q-i otuy of ground thin tbey have tlie mean lor managing to advantage ; some in the , delusive hope of acquiring those meant by lulu re If mn , viyoi iiinn i.iv vnoiljp 1't iflutllf Itl.FTW laud than their neighbor I Hence arise deficieii. cm of stock, imperfect tillage, and cauty crop, with alt l hi consequent train of rent in a r rear, Wi- . -II I l J..L. - ' e . t - i- . - i jr-.m ll-flll, Mllll UIIIHtllVIIVTU "UB 1 1 UIIUS, and final ruin I While he, w in prudently cowmen ces with only tuch a number of acre a he ha the pnwer of cultivating with the proper effect, i cer. tain of obtaining the full return from the noil, and not being burdened with more land than he can profitable enjoy, hi engagement are. within hi means; and thus while enjoying pre tent ease of mind, he my the surest foundation lor future pros perily. It therefore behoove a maa to weigh well , llti charge with hi mean, and never allow him elf Jo be aeduced by any ideal prospect of gain tn ttie imprudence ol entering upou a largsr larm than hit property will enable him to manage with th ixrti necessary to insure success. British Ilu.ihtt'lry. v - INi HSI liEX'P s "message. To tkt Senate awl llout of Reprttfntattvet of the United Stales: Full w Citizk.jh : You have been amembled in your reactive hall of legislation under a proclauiutiuu beariug :tue signature of tba iltua tnous citizen wlio wa to lately called by the direct sulln.e of i lie people to the discharge of the iw p x tunt function of their chief executive office. Ui-o.i the expiration of a aingle month from the nv ol in in! iMation, ne has paid the great debt or n.iium. Ir ving behind him a name associated with 1 1 to recoilectim of numerous benefit conferred o:,cii t!ii' rnuiitry during a long life of patriotic devo tion. Willi i In public bereavement are connect tsJ other c mMiIurations which will not escape the attention id Ctsigres. I he preparation necnstsa. ry for hi removal to tlie seat of Government in view of a residence of four year mutt have devolve upon the late President heavy expenditure winch, ii perinitieu io our.ien ine umnea resources nt ni private fortune' may tend to the serious ember rassumnt of hi surviving family ; and tt it there-fore-respectfully tub pitted to Congrr whether the ordinary principle of justice would not dictate the propriety of it legislative interposition. By the provisions of the fundamental law, the powers and duties of the high station to wnich he wa ' elected have devolved upon me, and in. the dispnsi thai of the representative of the Stale and of the pojl will be found, to a great extent, a solution ol the problem to wlucli our inlituliona are for the ' nrsi tin subjected. ,- in untsriiig upon the duties of tbi office, I did not fuel i hat it would be becoming io me todis ItKb what bad been. order I by my lamen'ed pre decnaaor. Whatever therefore nwy have been my iiiumxi, oiiiiotlly, a to the propriety of conve ning Congre at no e irly a day Troin thafor iU j-" hw fliwrcmenrttrtttrf new tTidwnrmlttrij liHlncement not in interfere with the patriotic I desire of the late President, io the novelty of tlie ' (ituitiion in which 1 wa 3 unexpectedly placed. My r Mh under such circumstance would necessarily have been to have called to roy aid mi iv adiuinitratioa of public afhir the combine- m wisdom of ihe twuJKiues of Congress, in order to take their council and advice as to the best modt 4 rttricaiiiitf me uoverunieiu ana . i tie . country from the em! arrwmiit weighiug heavily on both. u ihen l'l'Mt hapny In liiidma inyself u soun tiller my m'm tu un iciucihj aurruuiioeu . . . .. . . by the luitueniaie uepreseniative ol ttie stale and iteotne. No important change having t iken place in our foreign rtUii Mi since tne last session of Congress, it is not deemed necessary on this occasion In go ioto s detailed ttaten.eut in regard to them. 1 em httpv to Mty tout 1 see nothing to destroy I be hope ot !. MK aide in preserve peace, Toe ratification ol the treaty with Portugal ha li-'u il'ily exchanged ttetween trie twoUoveriiments. Tin Government h is ntil been inattentive to the interest of !'- of our cit'fw who have claims on the tl'jvetiuo. nl of Spam, (bumled on express treats sti,iu!a!i(o4, aod liojst is indulged th.tt the r -presentation liicli luve been mmle to tlmt G oe'Koii'iii on nut subject may lead ere long to beneficial result. A correiiMiiilenre has taken place between the ctrei try !' Stale and the nmiiiler of her Bnlaii ine Maiestv accredited to this Uovernmeiit on the i!m" of Alexander McLeod indictment and imnrisoi.meo' ennes of winch are he re it Ii com- muMit.ii'-u to ress. Io ul liii in to wnal Hpi"ir from these paper. ! impi.Mi them a to avoid ilefeatmg the put expec it n.av be pr erlo stale ll.r Alexander .McLet-l , ?'"' of the country, growing out of pre-exiMmg lias Is'-en l.eard liv the Supreme Court .! the St.il.: ! The act of 2d March, li, comuioiily ' ..t New York on his moii.iu to be disclmrged from ciiled the compromise act, should not tie altered imprisonment, and thai the 1 nsiou ol I Hal Court j rxrepi under urycnl iieccrtit.e, w Inch uru not ha not yet b en pronotineed. -j believed at this lime to exist. One year only Tlie isecreiirv t. Siaio has addressed to me a ! remains to complete the eries of redocium provi paper Upon two .u:jtct; liiierv.liug to the com- j uwl I"' by that law, itt wln.-li lime provision nude meneol the cuui.tiv. winch will ren ive my con j by the sumo lv, nod which (lien will be br.ught sid n.tinn and which I have Ihe honor to commu- i "Ctively m aid of Ine inauui'itturmg inieresis ol the IllCale 10 CuligfBi. ,ai a ii dtie nds on the course of tin Go vernmuit, ivtir reta - id good will and IrieniUhip imposed lor purnwc ot revenu--, in unison with will lHneduloti.lv culnvMied with all iiatittns. Ttie (oovisimts of extsling laws, it is tu lie luned true AmerKso p'olicv will Is-l.smd lo ctMisist in tne j "'l our sdtcy wil-, in the future, l fixed and exercise of a spirit 'of j i-lice tu be inamleted in ! iermaiieitt, so as to avoid those constant lluctua the discharge ol all our iniern.iti.sialoldigilious, to1 "b'1 defeat iho very olict lliey have in the weHke-t of the Ismily ol imlion ns well as fi ! VVe "t,'11 ,llU b!" ""'" ition wh ch the most powerful. Occasi I cnllieis of opinua, ' while it will enable u the murt! readily to n.et.-t iho n y arise, bul when tiie'discu-siiMt iu nlelit lotliem j advance of other count les ciileulsled to promote are conducted tu Ihe language of tru'h and with aj.,K" I"''" "'' commerce, Tvill u the same time strict regard lo justice, the scnuiue of war will for I leave in our owu hands lh tm ans of it liili .luig with the most part be avoided. I lie lime ought Itt be j ureatur ehVtt, ui jul regulations, i ei-aided as having gone bv wfien a resort to arms i In intimate coiuiexinii with the (( n-jiiion of re in tu be rsteemtd as, the only liroiter arbiter national differences, 'i he rei so recently taken shows a regularly progressive uirre.iM- in our Nipululio,i. I poo I lie breukmg out "f the war o Ihe Kevoliitiou, our IIUii lor scsrcelv etpialU-d three mnllotts of souls ; t'ev already i-xceed seventeen million-, snd will CoOTtoue to iureuse in a ratio which duplicates n a " -.ottf atjoul twenty thfec years. The old Slat contain a lerniory. suiln'ii-nt in itself to ruertiswi.a population of additinunl niilliom, ami lb roost populous of the neW Stat'-s may even yet be regarded as but partially settled.-.while of the new i ud on this side of Ine Kocky Muuhlaui, to tu) nwttitvf U tbt Immtnsw region bich tretehe t'roni the base ol those mountuin to th 'immlii ot the Columbia river, abohl 770,000,000 acres, ceded and uncedt-d, still remain to be brought into market. We hold out to the people of oilier count ne an invitation to come and settle among us a member , ol our rapidly growing family ; and, for the blow ing which we offer them, we require of them to look upon our country a their country, and to mute with us in tho great la-k of preserving our intlitution, and thereby perpetuating our liberties. No motive exist for foreign compiest. We desire hut toeCluiin our almost illimitable wildernesses and tolntroduce into their depth the light of ci vihz'ition. While we shall at ell time be prepa red to vindicate the national honor, our most earn est desire will be to maintain an unbroken peace. In presenting tho foregoing view, 1 cannot withhold the expression of thp opinion that there . exists nothing iq the extension ot our empire over our acknowledged posses-mm to excite the alarm of the patriot for the safety of our institution. 1 he Federative system, leaving to each Slate the cere of it dumettia concerns, and devolving on the Federal Government those of general import, admit in safely of the greatest expansion, but, at the tame lime, 1 deem it proper to add that there will be found to exist at all time an imperious necessity for restraining all the functionaries of thi Government within the range of their respective powers, thereby preserving a just balance between the power granted to thi Government and those reserved to the State and to the People. From the report ofhe Secretary oNheJTrea- iuryyou will perceive that the fiscal means pre sent and accruing are insufficient to supply the w nits of the Government for the current year. The balance io the Treasury on the fourth day of March last, not covered by outstanding drafts, and exclusive of trust fund, is estimated at $800,000. Thi include the sum of $'215,000 deposited in the Mint and it branches to procure metal for coming and' in process of coinage and which could cot be withdrawn without inconvenience ; thus leaving subject to draft in the variow depositories the sum of $615,000. By virtue of two several act of Congress, the Secretary of the Treasury was authorized to issue on and after the 4ih day of March last, Treasury notes to the n mount ot $5,413,000, making an aggregate available fund of $6 058,000 on hand. But this fund was chargeable with outstanding Treasury notes redeemable in the currant year and interest thereon to the estimated amount of five millions two hundred and eighty thousand do. lar. There is also thrown upon the Treasury the payment of a large amount of demands accrued its hole or in part in former years, which will exaauit the available means of tho Treasury, and leave the accruing revenue, reduced a it is in amount, burdened with debt and charged with the current expenses of the Government. The aggre gate amount of outstanding appropriations on the fourth day of March last was $33,420,616 50 of winch $21,210 000, will be required during the current year ; and there will also be required for the use of the War Department additional appro, priatinaa to the amount of two millions five hun dred snd eleven thousand one hundred and thirt two dollar and ninety eight cents, ihe special ob ject of which will be seen by reference to the re. port of the Sec ret try of War. x rhe anticipated means of the Treasury ere greatly inadequate to tbi demand. The receipts from customs for the last three quarters of the last yes r, and the first quarter of the present, amounted to 113,100,000; the receipts for lauds lor the same time to $2,742,430 60; showing nn average reveu- le front both source off l,2Jo,870 per month. A gradual. eipanun of Jrud..growM)gouLof-.i KsJOi.. ration of confidence, together with a reduction in I lie s x"(iose 'of collet: tiiigT s'tid" pubc I uaTTi f oh the part f collecting officers, may cause an addition Io the mou'.hly receijl from the customs. They are estimated for the residue of the year from (be t.airth of March at $12,000,000 ; the receipts from, the public tands for the same time are estimated it 2 500,000 ; and from miscellaneous sources at $170dM)0-pmaking wn aggregate of available fuul within the year of $14,670,000 which will leave a prob.b'e deficit of $11,406,000. To meet this, ww temporary provision Ts necessary,' until the" J amonnrcan m awnroea oy ine excess ot revenues whir are anticipated Io accrue at no distant day. . There will Ml due within the next three inootba Treasury notes of the issues of 1640, including interest, about $2,650,000. There is chargeable in the same period for arrearages for taking the sixth census, $294,000 ; and the estimated expen diture for the current service are about $i,100, 000, making the aggregate demands upon the Treasury, prior to the first of September next, about $11, 340,000. Tlie ways and means in the Treasury, and etti- I mated to accrue within the above nnmed period, cum it id about c0!)4 000 of fundi available on the 2Sih ultimo; an umstued balance of Treasury notes authorized by the act of l"tl, amounting to $1,055,000, and estimated receipt from til sourcrr, ol $:),H0O,OO0 ; making an aggregate of about $0,450,000, aid leaving a probable deficit on the 1st of September next of St,1 15,000 In order to supply the want of the Government an Intel, igent constituency, in view ol their best iu- terests, will witlmut hesitation siibrm' to all necessa ry uurtneiis. inn n is nevenneies important ho io -lliinmi, will iimI fail to prmfuee tne tiiost tieni'llciut' results. Under a system o discnmin atiug d iMes of Venus is that Inch mnkes provision for a suitable fiscal iigerit capulile of atldiug inrrea-s-d fucilitit in the cnlletrtinu and diiburserm ut of lite public rfveiiues, rendering more secure ineir ciikIimIv, and c,i.uliiug a true economy in the gr-at multiplied and delicate operations of I lie Treasury Department. L p in uch so ugeut iles.'inN in an eminent degr, e tlie establishment ul it currency of uniform value, which is of o great importance tu ail the essential iiitere-t of stiety ; s .d on the wisdnm to Iw maiuli'tled tu its creation uni h i!i-m-ikN. Ki in liiitsttly interwoven are lis 0,i-(,iiioiih, not only with the tiiteresit of individuals, but nf Staler, that it nmy be regarded in a great dtgrcc aa cou J JrvuVg both'. " If ' jr be ! at the chief medium of circulntioo, and the power be vested in the Government of issuing it at pleasure, either in the form of Treasury drafts or any i other, or if Uank be useu tr yie pumtc oepo-mories, witn no er'y to regard all surplusses Irom day to day a so much added to their active capital, price are ex posed to constnnl fluctuations, and industry to severe lulloriiig. In the one case, political consideration, directed to party purposes, niuy control, while ex cessive cupidity umy prevail in the other. I he public is thus constantly liable to imposition. pension and contractions may ftillowjchother in rapid'successioo, the one eugeiideriiig a reckless spirit of adventure and speculation, which em bra cea State a well aa individuals ; the other causing a fall in prices, and accomplishing an entire change in tlie aspect of affairs. Stocks of all kinds rapidly decline individuals are ruined, and Stales embar rassed even in their efforts to meet with punctuality the interest nn their debt. Such, unhappily, is the condition o!'lliiiignow existing in the United States. These effect umy readily be traced to the cause ubove relerred to. Tho public revenues, on being removed from the then Hank of the United State, under an order of a late Presdent, were placed in selected State Banks, which actuated by the dou ble motive of conciliating the Government and augmenting their profit to the greatest possible extent, enlarged extravagantly their discounts, thus enabling all other existing Bank to do the tame. Large dividends were declared, which, atimulating the cupidity of cspitalitts, caused a rush to be made to the Legislature of tho respec live State for similar act ot incorporation, which, by many of the States under a temporary infatua tion, were readily granted, and thus the augmenta tion of the circulating medium, consisting almost ex clusively of paper produced a most fatal delusion. An illustration, derived from lh land sales of the period alluded to, will serve best to show the effect of the whole system. The average sales of the public lands, for a period of ten years prior to 134, bad not much exceeded $2,000,000 per annum. In 1634 they attained in round numbers, to the amount ol $0,00(1,000. In t ie succeed ing year, of 1835, they reached $16,000,000 And in -1838 they amounted to the enormous sum of $25,000,000. Thus crowding into the short space of three yesrs upwards of twenty three years' purchase of the public domain. So appa rent had beco ne the necessity of arresting this course of thing, that the Hxecutive Department assumed the highly questionable power o! discrim inating in the funds to be used in payment by different classes of public debmrs a discrimination wlucli was doubtless designed to correct this most ruinous stale of tilings by tne exaction of specie u all payment for the public lands, but wlnca could not arrest at once the tide which had so strongly set in. Hence the demands for specie became unceasing, and coTre.)uiliiig prostration rapidly ensued under the necessities creatod wit'i the banks to curtail their di-cou its, and thereby to reduce their circula tion. I recur to these things with no desire to censure pre-existing administrations of the Gov eminent, but simply in exemplification of the truth of the position which I have assu'iied. If, then, any fiscal agent which may be created ahull be placed without due restrictions, either in the hands of the administrators of the Government or those of private individuals, the temptation to abuse will prove to be resistless. Objects of political aggran dizement may seduce Ihe first, ami the prompting of a boundless cupi.lity wilt assail the lust. Aided by the experience of the past, it will be l he plea sure of Congress so to gu ird and foriny the public interests in Hie creatmu ol any new agent, .s to place them so fat as human wisdom can accouidih it on a footing of perfect security. Within a few year part three, di nVrenr scivemi haw rw before 0.outitsy'Tli"ewer Wi-trie' Ba,firW thrl United States expired by its own limiia'ions in 1S36. An effort was made to renew it, which re ceived the sanction of Ihe to House o Con "res, but the then President of the United Slates exerci I sed his reto power, ami Die measure was defeated. A regard to truth require ine to say that tlw President was fullv-asmed iw-rmcmrrse be had taken by the popular voice. ll: successor In the Chair tf Slate unqualifiedly pronounced Ins opposi- ttoMosmy new ehartet of a timihir institufion ; and ooly tsMihw eleCTinii wfiirh'Trouglif hioi ioto power, but Ihe eleclin through much of Ins term, teemed clearly In indicate a concurrence with nun in sentiinent on the part of the People Afier tlie public moneys were withdrawn from the United Siaie Bank, they were placed in depo site with the Mate Banks, and Ihe result of that policy has been before the country. Tu sav uoth ing as to the question wlieihvr that experiment was made under propitious or adverse eircumxtan cet, it may safely be asserted that it di I receive the uueqiiulitied condemnation of most ol i s earlv advocates, and it is lielieved as also coutienmed by Ihe Miuiar st-unmetil. Tlie existing Sub Tieusury system does not seem to stand in higher favor wit the people, but has recently been condemned in a maimer too plainly indicated to admit d' a doubt. Thu m the short period .of eight years, the poilr voice may lie renamed as having sm ceisively couaeinned each of the three n'lieiiK-t ot finance to wiucn I have adverted. A to Ihe nrst, it was introduced at a time (1816) when ttie State Bunks, then comitaratively tew in i number, had' beeu forced to suspend specie pay ments by re ini ol the war winch had previously prevailed Willi Great Britain. hethey ii the tinted Suite Bank charter, which expired in HI I, hid been renewed m due season, il would have b.n enabled tu continue ierie pay mem donna l!,o war and thedi-otslrousperi'Ml to tne cotmneiceof t!ie co n'ry wlucli immeihalely succeeded, is, in ,s.,y tim least, problematical; and whet iter Kiel l,..ioli ... it . u . t i .in . .'. i i , L uited a,.tt.-ii Uiiik ol l-iJ pi.Miuced a resit.r.tiioo ' ..i ............ , . ,. i , i . ol siecni payments, 0 Hie same was accomplisiiet ... 1 Illiruujli Hits luslru'tifiilslity nt uttti-r mailer ol some ililllt ui V al III .1 lline lo del -rmiue. i Certain it is, ti.ai, lor the first years ot the upera- iion ui mi n nana, its course wa disastrous, as lor the greater part ol its sulist queui caieer it became eminently ucce.lul. s in itte 2 I, Mm expert into was tried with a redundun Treasury, winch continued tuincrei.- g,,in , M-uiued iu lut the iari of wisdom ttt distribute the surpius revenue siiMMia I the Slate ; which nperstn g n tin: saiui'tiuin with the sjteciti circular, mid the causes b lore tied -j . , n . u ....itci. v iiiti- aovu to, caused ttiein to susjteitd specie puwneuts, and , invotvo tho count rv in the grea est embirraismeut. And At to the third, if carried through all the stages of lis transmutation, Irnin pajter mid spw-i in noth ing but the precious metals, to say nothing nf tho in. iirsscunly of ihe public uiouevs, its iiipirmus elf.-cls have been unlieiMted byihe cmii.trv in its unipiuli. fied condt'iiuiiitiuii. What is now inly, n as the judgment of the Aim iicau IVnpl ,i. , whole subject, I have no accurate menus nf de. ermiuing bul bv ap-almg lo (heir more tminedi .Cpir:,,e.s. t i,e jam contest which ter initialed in the e lection of Gen. Ilarnu, t.. ii, lr..di.l..iwi u... A 1.1 ... i .. . - ....... ..ii. - " u.Ti.iucti on principle well known anil openly declared; and, whiln ihe .Huh Treasury isceived in the mud, ill m decided condemna- lion, yet no other sche tie of liuaiM-e seemed to have been concurred tu. -To you, then, who liuve cinjo more directly from the lJy of our comu.on ... con-t turrits, I subuul the entire queition, a beit, qiali4ied to give a full exposition of their wihe and opiilions. I shall be ready Io concur with you in the adoption of such a ytem a you may pro pose, reserving to myseff (lie ultimate power of rejecting any measure which may in my vie w of it, conflict with Ihe Constitution or otherwise jeopard the prosperity of the country j a power which 1 could not part with even if I would, but which I. will not believe any act of your will call into requisition. I cannot avoid recurring, in connexion with thi subjecU-tO the necessity which exists for adopting some suitable measure whereby the unlimited crea tion of bunks by Ihe tate may be corrected in future. Such result cau be most readily achieved by the consent of the Slates, to be expressed in the form of a compact among themselves, which they can only enter into with the consent and approbation of this Government; a consent which, in the present emergency of the public demands, may justifiably be given by Congress in advance of any action by Ihe States as an inducement Io such action upon term w -il defined by tho act of tender. 8uch a m au e,' addressing itself Io the calm reflection of the Slates, would find, in the experience of the past and tho condition nf the present, much Io sustain it. And it is greatly to be doubled whether any scheme of finance can prove for any length ol time successful, while the States shall continue in the unrestrained exercise nf Ihe power of creating banking corpn. rations. Tbi power can only be limited by their consent. With lhe ndoptiuajfa fiintiaLagoncy-of a- satisfactory character, the hope may be indulged that the country may once more return Io a stale of proSerity. Measures auxiliary thereto,' and, ' in some measure, inseparably connected with its sticce, will doubtless claim the. attention of Con. gres'. Among such, a distribution of the proceeds of tho tli.s of the public land, provided such a distribution does not force ujmn Congress the necessity of imposing ujioii commerce heavier burdens than those contemplated by the act of 1S33, would net as an efficient remediul measure by being brought directly in aid of the States. A one sincerely devoted to Ihe tusk Of preserving a just balance in our systmii ot' Government, by ihe maintenance of ihe States in a condition the most free and respectable, and iu the full ;oseHn of all their power, I can no otherwise than feel desirous f t their emancipation from the situation to which the pressure on their finance now subject them. And, while I must repudiate as a measure founded u error, and wanting coii-liluimnal sanction, the slightest approach to an assumption by this (io vernment ol Ihe di-bUtd the Slates, yet I cuu see, in the distribution adverted to, much to recommend Die compacts between the proprietor State and this Government expressly guarantee io tho Stale all thu benefits which may arise iroiu the sales. The mode, by which tins is Io be effected, addresses itself to the discretion of Congress as the trustee for the Status; and its exercise, after Ihe mist! beneficial manner, is restrained by nothing in the grant or in the Constitution so long as Congress shall consult that equality in the distribution which the compacts require. In the present condition of some of tlie States, the quesliou ot distribution may be regarded ts solwt.iotisilv a ieu,ai between di rect and indirect taxation. If the distribution be not made in some form or other, the necessity will daily become miro urgent with the debtor States' for a tesorl to nn oppressive system of direct luxation, or their credit, ami necessarily their power and influence, will he greatly diminished. The pay moot oi taxes alter tne most inconvenient and oimrmsive mode will be exacted iu place of contribution for the most part voluntarily made, aud, therefore, comparatively unoppre-sive. 1 he Slate are em plwtTcaWTWIW we siiould beenitreiv reirardTes of tlie object held in view by them in Ihe creation of this Govcrurpeul if we could lie indifferent to their gsKJ. Ihe . happy fleets of tuch a messorc upon all the Slates would- immediately- be-rrwmtesYed. Willi " tTw" debtor State it would efict th relief, to a great extent, nf Ihe citizen iron a heavy budeo ui diircf (axaiion.f hicn presses with.. aueiiiy oa the- laboring classes, and eminently assist in restoring the general proser(ty.. . An uniutdude advance would Juke placiu the pri of -iW Sisie-swinties," and the attitude of the Slate would bocumo once more, as il should evsr be, lofty ami erect. With States laboring -under fltr extrem'r pressure "froiii """ debt, the fund which they would derive from ibis source would enable them lo improve their condi tion in an eminent degree. So far a this Govern ment is concerned, appropriations lo domestic objects, approaching in amount the revenue derived r from the land sales, might be abandoned, and thus s system of unequal, and, therufuie, uuju.il legisla tion would be substituted by one dispensing equality to all the members of this Confederacy. W bet her such distribution should be made directly to the States in ihe pn J of tho sales, or in the form of profits by virtue of the Derations id" any fiscal agency having these proceed a it bai, should tuch measure be contemplated by Congress, would well deserve its consideration. Nor would such ' dispositiou of llf proceeds of the sites in any nianner prevent Congress from time to luoo from passing all necessary pre-emption laws for Ihe benefit of actual settlers, or from making any new arrangement as to the price of 1 lie public lauds which iniifhl in luture be esteemed desirable. I beg leave particularly to call your attention lo the accoinp.mviiig report from the Secretary of War. It 'ii - lie' present stale of ih" war which lias so Ion.; ii 111 'H llei Territory of Florida, and (lie various ullier OMtleisid'intf ret therein referred lo, you will it a n Ir. .in it that the Secielary has V 1 3 to develop grons eiioruulies m couuexiisi with I . ' . i . t . . i Indian treaties which have been negotiated, as we ., , ... . j as iu tnt! e KiMtmlii tu m li.r t n rtatti.twitl itnH aoI.ij. ... ....i ..i .. ! . , I , T n ' " o nce ol the Indians. Ilu represents, ulso, other irr. gularmes ol a serious uaiiirn that have grown up m the practice of the In n. in Department, which will require the appropriate of upwards ol 4200,. (100 iii conert, and which claim lliii iiuintidiutu alteiittoll of Courcss. Iii rt-ff. cling on the projier moans tf defending the cotiiitiy, we caunoi slim our eyes to the contequen. cei which the mtrntlucti'in and use of the power of ' UIHI" ocean are likely to product in war between inaulime Slate. e Cannot yet see the cMeiit lo which (In power may be applied iu tsdligernnt s rations, conuncltng ilsell a ll does with recent improvement in the science of gunnery nnd projectiles ; but we need have no Itrar of lieiin' left, in regard to lln-e things, Is-huidJue iikisI ui'tivn mid skillul id oilier nations ll the genius iiikI entei prise td' our felluw citizen receive proper eiicuuragtimeiit and direction from t lovurumont. Tine wisdom would, nevertludos, seem to die. I tale Iho lit-ci SMlV td' lilacinir in m-rft-rl r,uiito...n - .those fortiliriitions wl.ich lire dt -stgneil lor the t ,.r i i i ...i i - ... i r ..,.. , ,..-........, ir, ..w. I . I I I.I I1IUI I. II II' II J1IIII rilHIIMII-HIIH. tor Ihe di-leiice nf our extended nntrilime coasl, our duel reliance slumlil lie placed on our navy, aided by those inventioi.s wlntti are destined to recorn. ' mend themselves lo public adoption. But iki time should Iai loot iu p',.a.ioj out urmciiu cities on thn aUmid unu ific lakci iu a stutu ol ciini ibtunt v from foreign aashult. Separated a wa art (iw Ihe countries of the old world, and in murt. unaffected by their pdicy, we are liappily relieved : from Ihe necessity of maintaining lurgo standing armies in times of peace. The policy which wit adopted by Mr. Monroe, shortly after Ihe concki. sioo of ihe late war with G real Britain, of preervirn regularly organized stall sufficient for (be cam. mand of a large military force, should the necessity for one arise, is founded as well in economy a in true wisdom. Provision i thu trts.de, oimn filli,,. up the rank and file, which can readily oe done any emergency, for the introduction of a system of - discipline Dotn promptly anu emcientiy. All thai is required in time ot pence i lo maintain a audi. cienl number of men lo guard our fortifications, to meet any sudden contingency, and lo encounter the first shock of war. Our chief reliance must be placed on the inili'.ia. They ccnstiiute the great body of national guards, and, inspired by anlrdsnt love of country, will be found ready al ail time aed at all s-aon lo repair with alacrity lo its difence. Il will be regarded by Congress, 1 doubt not, at a suitable liio", a 'one of it higiieat duties to attend ' - to their complete organization ad discipline. By the report of the Secretary of the aavy, ii will be teen, that the atale of the navy pension fund require Ihe immediate altei nn of Cor-gres. Ov the operation of the act of tlie 8 J of March 1637, ea titled " An act for the more equitable adiomistratinn of the navy petvdon fuiMl," that fundhaa been ex. hausted. It will bo seen tint there will be required tor- tho payment of navy- pertsions,-r)n the first ii luly next, $61,700 00, and on the first ofJanut. ry, 1342, the turn ot $09,000. In additirw to these sums, almut $0,000 will be required In pay arrears of pension which will probably beallowej between the first nf July and Ihe first nf January, H42, making in the whole $163,706 06 J.. t.j meet these payment there is within the oailrol of the Department the sum of $26 040, leaving a deficit of $129,000 10 J. The jsiblic laith require thul immediate provision should bo made for thu payment of these stuns. . In order lo introduce into the Navy a desirable efficiency, a new system of accountability may be fismd to be indispensably necessary. To mature a plan having for its object the accomplishment of an end so important, and to meet the just expectation of the country, require rore fimu lharrbas yet, been allowpd to the Secretary nt the hes of tlmt IVpuriuwril Tin hos- is indulged that, by the ime of your next regul ir session, lueasures , f importance, in couneiioii with this branch ol the (miIiIic service, may be matured for your considera tion. Although ihe laws, regubi'ling the Post OlLce De. pnrtment only rcqtiiic from ilmoilicercharged si fi it direction to reisirt at the usual annual session of Cungr a, ilui. JlMW!fiti i cucfal baa presented u me so'ne facts, connected with the financial condi tion of tint department, which tru deemed wordy the alt'-niion of Csigios. By the accompanvtng report of thai officer, it sp;esr that the ex ttmg liabilities of that dcwrtnieut beytxid the nwans f payment at it command, cannot be less than tim hmidretl thousand dollars. A the luw org m zirg that branch of the public service confine tin; m pendilure lo it own revenues, deficiencies thermit cannot be presented under the usual estimate ,,r the expense of Government. It must, I .erefore, he left to Cmgres to determine whether lite money now due to contractor shall be paid from the puldic Treasury, or whether that department shall condone under its present niharrutiiehi. Il will Iw seen by tho report of the I'uwtmtsitr tieneral th it ihe recent femg of C tlraclii m nMl at llm Slate hsvu Iss-n uwdu at suc't re.luctd rate of comis-iisaiioi a to en&mrjge Hi lbebej;jhaf;;lj;H!-f existing rtiuVuilies, its luture neratons might be OHiducied wilhuut any fuilhcr Call upon thegenerd Treasury. . r The power of sp;min!inx. to iiflLse ia.uoeajf a character the mosi d -licalo'aud resifsiye. Tli'J apfMtintmg power is ever.oore t'XHed tu be W into error., SVuh anxious s. AiuhuUt. M sdaq ins. iiuosl ttu-w..fihy fr ott'ieasl stsieti I-eittit tie supptNed to iMtes a ter,nial k'Hiw ledge of lli" aabfsultoas) f XCllk!Met lre, pfnper, in (hi most public maimer, to invite, on the pirt nf the Senate, a jn-t tcrulu-y into Ihe character ami pretensimi of every jrmw ioiii I fttitV' bfiiig ffiTiTntir iHtiic" in the regular form of a noiuinsluNi for ollict1. I'uless persons every way trust worthy are employed in the public service. cnrrurtliofi and irregularity will nivviisbly folios. I shall, with the greatest cheerfum, acquiesce in thn derision of thit Itody, and, regarding it ss wisely cunstiluled la awl Ineaterutite depart ti.rid in the perloruMOCeid' tins delicate duty, ch ill fuok to Us "consent and advice" as given only in fur therance of be be-4 iuterewtaof lh cuuntry. I shaM also, at Ihe earliest ptop r .occtuixi, nivits lb atlentitsji of Cnngre ut such measures, u in my judgment, witl b' best caleulaled tu regulate and onlnd ihe Kxecutivx wtr in rcfvreto.e In this vitally important subject. I shall also, at the proper eio, invite your at tention lo the statutory cnsetnieiii to the suucmaj ot the slsv trsda, which may rttjuire to be rendered mn erne lent in their proosoMis, Tliere is re son t believe that the trsOic is on the increase. Whether such increase is to be ascribed tu th aeulitwsi of ,! labor in the British' possessMsis io stir vtciuHy, sod su t'.tcniUnt diminutioa in the supply of Una arttclt which enter into the general consninption of the worhi, -thereby tUKinenting td- demand from other qusnri'i snd thus calling fni t'liissisl labor, it weie uefsjlrt to inquire. The Inphest consitlerstiutw of public btss-f, ss wllllieMnin;eKpromp'iiij.'siiriuiiiiauil),reiu,te """ s r sort to the must vigorous edurl to suppress lbs trade. In conclusion, I beg leave to invite tour particular tt- tent ion to tho iiileresbt uf tin DmiricL Nor do I duttU , but tint in t liberal spirit id lgislatsoi you will seek to "'ee Us rrtinmrrcul ft a.-tl it. 1. .1 :..t .r..,t. - " Should Congress deem it to be its duty to repcsl th exist, ng Stib-Trestury law, the necessity ot piovoling' t suitibia puceu! iiepisult lor the puMe imincys whictl miy he reipnred within the District wuat bo spparcut to s-l. ' I have felt ttlo bn tine to the country ttt present tho fteegoing topic Itt j our consideration ml rcrlccluai. Others w ith vliich it inight not seem proper to trouble you tt tu extraoriimtry srsssst, will be ltd beflo-e yuu at t futiiie day. I am happy in coiuiiiitting tlie iitipnf ttnt alfairs of ihe country ink) your hands. The ten dency of public sentiment I am phased tu believe, lowanls the adoption, in t spirit id iftiion and hsriih n), nt such measure ss will fts-lity thv public liilerefitr. , To cherish such s tendency of public opinion is the task of tn elevated pttriotiMii. That differences of . np.nion as to rlin uieaini of accomplishing thee lict rs ble objects slmuld eift is resaiMitbls to be expected. .Nor can ail be hiade salaried with any svslem of nies-.-iirv. lint I llstier tuysell' with the hope th't th Ifntt hraly of the penple will resdily undo in uP"rt of those wlicwt, ffforts spring Irom a disinterested tiostre lo prortsile their lnippuies,to preserve the 1'cdertl tnd Statu Government within their respective orbits; to cultivate peace with sll the natmusoi the earth on just snd honorable grounds ; In rxact nhrdrnce to theita; Ui t niit ntli Idier y au.l prneiiy in full security; nl consulting the most rigid tCtntomy, toiboliah sll iiwlu. exs uses. jullN TVLKU VVAsniMiiiift, Jc.uk 1, 1H1. timnl. Judje Wriuht. of lire f'uicinusli Ga J zuilc, is cut in doluu'ce of lKiiiijr! Webs'i-r aij- ,
Western Carolinian (Salisbury, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
June 11, 1841, edition 1
2
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