-'"A -I -'0';. 7 '" ( ' '7;:Vtf.,;-,,1-.;-,--.., ,'U--
VOL X THIRD SERIES
SALISBURY. IT. C.,i JAIIUARY 23. 1870.
rir- "
8 r' - r-
For the Watchman.
1 1 txsr Attea oU ti death of Mrs. Mast
- . - --
Tbis Christ himself did say 5
like 'I'iidotliy, from youth,
i She soiight tbe perfect way.
&c is nit deal, but sleepetb,
nlninn of life hath shone,
J?
I Till all tihat knew her knoweth
Ullft is not dead, but sleepetb,
; i a n.1 -her nure heart sba II know
Haw God her labor blesseth,
4 Ami ntaketh fruit to grow.
f Her wimw oi love w in ,
FiW hrt to heart, till each one saith,
ifLord Ueveu so. !
v";; ;"H ' " H . 4
BluiU n?t dead, bnt leepeth,
1 Her wi'ik on earth is done ; .
this kind comforter fleeth
fUTIte Samaritan is gone.
f-- -- :-''. '-Ill I -: '
ISIie n not Ueau, uui sieepcui,
iWiHer victoiy i won,
sil
t" . . e -.! .. . .
And eer bid ur come.
VlRGlE.
kirauite jlill,
I-
For the Watchman.
11A10) TIMES.
.People
vajrs coinplain of hard times.
n:r.. inn- iincestor crossetl the uriuy
k;ep the cry "hard times" ascended from
Mw iJowuiailo in the far off Eastern world ;
Wkiiiii better time. Here, trsn general
'thintf, they! found religious lilwrty, a Imkiii
i.fiiejtimable Value to any of the Adam
3crace; nlt waAaiot long until, here too,
Hi crv"hard iliiie8w was resounding from
Lilltoii to'fsilltop. Taxitfiim without rep
?TeJtatio4 great' burden resting
Dillon the Ionics in Amerien. The IJev
iilttiomjVyjwsir removed this' difficulty,
ililniedwtejy after tliis :was settled, and
Sh manwj4 taxed, who;; haRnot ji voice
Jiiiseli-cting-lits rulers, the great Political
virt the l-nited States began, and lia
Hln wluied most bitterly to the present,
f lis war !as vm- since leen. nud now is
um iTnotithe only pviine cauKe,:why the
it-pple o this nation have reason to cry
iitardtjules.,,' If this war were w:ged in
4propefUpiity tor the purpose f win-
iug.rrUiyipolHiesU. iruunpns, it wumu -ins
!i sdh i ce oi.irood to the natioiH but as it is,
IvjLjmI hi 4 diabolical -spirit,. Jor the pur-
of Mijinuig seinsli, secuonai aim pie
ujlicial cilds, it is a hhsime to the coni-;iiants,-
ajid a curse to the nation. If
hU be tnie, is it not high timti that-states-
lHiu, ch stn ly a free and virtuous peo-
tle, sho ild lay aside the oht arms or po
itkal warfare (which consist of sellish,
kctiou:d a!nl prej ijdicial
feelings) and g(
WHie Seiiajtoriiil and Le;
Ihbspiintf unity -and love, and not in
liiiHDfrit Af disseutioii lind hatred? Uli
(hat .t!i'! i(icniU'rs of oiir Congress atul
4gishdui's might convene, tor the pur
sof irsiinsacJing National and State
illiuessr and thus show the legitimate
fl Hts of tile love of their country accor
Ilijlg to thi'ir oauhsjlaud L not to lemwin
l;pi otneifpersnally, downci the oppo
life partfe and raise seetioJial animosity.
' flint Uieijy is our projvosition truei ji
If! political war liad not been waged o
liih-rly, atfd on such base principles pte-
l;ijiis tirde civil iwar, the eyes of our
ItiiesDien iwduhl nothave been so blind-
iMni8iuexwere:-iueu iJiey coiwu nr
U-vii 1kv to free the nesrro. and amend
the couViilntioii without secession aud
liiodshedi The inteusi
y of the political
,vir hadH auJTnsed the
passions of niu
liit reason was dethrou
ed. Alinst eve-
f yote cat at tire balln
tltox, was dirrct-
til h home selftsh tnortor power
beua-
mhl mi 'Siurcs had sectional shapes; and
ire passtld ,b,r the -. influence of selfish
aii'4 nrei nd iciai feel inc J Lemsl ai t i ve nrs-
iUition teiAi - nioulded by the hand of
I. r..i, ; . - I . : t i
!'1riy ppirn:, ami passeu wchurc men
veakud selfish to tight against the
rl;iiture of their own party; ami wby I
Leit t-tir4 next electim they might not
lj(populari with the party. Tin s Congress
ftuaUi'gisliitures met, sat, and adjonrne
f-JeVf ct;tieatrical humbugs, viewed by
triie statespneu with reason "on-her throne.
lien were Hmsen to confer with each oth
!cukccKiilug the want of the country,
wer4 4iectctl to devise plans to sup
p those VaSits; but instead of that, they
met at daggers' points tit, right the sTiame-ftfllttle.sUf-pUtit:il
parties, trying to
i:ife j he Way iu which to walk to parti-
jireiiiinencet Hot trying to acquit
teMs'lveins true statesmen ought. They
litediheyay with disgraceful deeds sel
Hliscetiot;ftlatid prejRci:iai measure but
Mas! as'thley 'walked toward the goal of
tlieir aHpjijuiu!, tJtey walked in coinpa
Miwi'tli the civil fwr the creature of the
Mitical jar. Now each jmity looks up
H her tliiil, darlc with - desolation and
llart-reiidinsr se nos. shrinks back iutO its
3fiof political hvpocricy with an air of
ier uisgtsr, ami s;iys to rne tuner, r.v
re; the-ease of all tliat." Thus we view
iKJtast at:a distance, n scene that we
would gladly erase from the 'pages of the
Ajiner ica n fa rcl i i ves-r-w c grow tired of that
there we behold the same scene onlv
isure tulfv developed. Well may the
jH'ople cry 'hard flute, while such scenes
ute transpiring . i n plaees where public
lysines ought to be dispatched, and they
iave io mv nartisau iiejiiainMrues nigu
WUuies iw actincr the part of Cromwell
Af ay with liitlebound party spii it, and
Wt5 jDurjtatesmert net n iwn a. platform
composed 'of christian and patriotic prin
eiiles. S tul.mav our statcsmeu'elect say,
.Vwav iwith M-ltisli feelinirs! Wo will act
'n KHd faith for the lienefit of our constit
-otR. a ml for the ireneral irooil.? 45o much
j; - r ...1 ;..w.o f
More aiioti cnceVnin!? secondarv causes.
vi; ute iiFiiue cause oi -naiit muvo.
3 Vlmtoul N. t. Dec. V8 C. W.U.
NEW YOUK7
I EWBuHGn Jan. (J, The operatives of
die Xe'wburgli Steam .fJottoii Mills, more
.
iu ,thre 4mndre4 iu nuwber, were
eatoifi Iialf time to-dayi I The low
rice of nianu'a :tured iroods is the cauae.
AtBAxrJau; O.T-The Uarmonr Cotton
ills, at ohocs. hava civn notice of a
faction jof work to three da ynweek.
t htfe thousand fire hundred liaCds are
piiployedf in the mills. Oyerpio4uctiou
-1 i
Iiorriule ,sjectacle, turn our eyes to cur
HriWecbrds, honing to get relief, but alas!
Idas!
ussigueu as tue cuse.
THiJLIBERTY-LOVIKG MECK-'
i LENBURGERS.
From the Charlotte Obsenrcr.
A friend, hasi kindly placed in onr
hands an old and interesting book, a
cojiy of wliich we had never seen be
fofe It is "A! History of the Cam
paigns of 1780 and 1781, in the South
ern Provinces of North America by
Lieutenant-Colonel ; Tarleton, com
tnandant of tliej late British Legion."
It is needless to thcintelligent reader
what part Col. fTarleton bore in the
war of the revolution, fori in this ec
tioti, at least the rame is; as familiar
as a household! word, The frontis
piece of this old book, it may be re
marked, howtver, represents the face
of the dashing young officer a face
ofsingular attractiveness?!clean-shav-en,
delicately-featureVl, and more like
that of a woman than thai of a man.
This book which he wrote after the
war. ended, presents many points of
interest to the reader of to-day. We
are constrainejl to copy a; paragraph
or two from ithat the men of the
present generation may see of what
stern stuff their forefathers were made,
even according to the confessions of
an enemy. What Tarleton wrote of
the, men of Mecklenburg y;as not in
tended as comp
Oontraryg; but
inientary; quite the
it-is complimentary,
none the lessj as an acknowledgement
of their courage' and as going to show
howtrons within their Losonis was
j i
the love of liberty; as .showing how
implacable wasJtheir liatred of kingly
oppression, audi what hardships they
would bear and: what dangers encoun
ter for tlie sake )f freeing themselves
of their bonds, j 1 !
IiLthe light of theiacls here pre
sented, with which all other history
ajrrecs, as to the libcriv-loving char
aeter of the early Mecklenburgers,
and as to the stern bravery with
which they asserted their j principles,
it is not at all to be wondered at that
their decendants have never failed to
prove themsel ves u-orlliy, in any great
p.nit'rire;cv, of t!ie name of men and
citizens. With siich a lineage they
could hardly da less, and for them to
ever do less will be for thbm to dis
honor not only themselves but the
dead. ) j
To convey a general idea of Lieti-tenant-Co'onel
Tarleton' opinions of
this people in the daysbefore the re
public was established, it is only
neccssaryjor us to copy two and a
half natres from1 his sketches. This
we do herewith begiuning in chapter
III, on page 161as follovts:
it" !
On the 22d, Earl Corn wall is di-
.-i ' -n i "i ! 1 iri.
rectea me uruisi legion aim ngnt
infantry to cross the Catawba at
:lairs ford in order to form the ad-,-awcctl
guard, for the immediate pos
session of Charlotte towni The junc
tion of "the light troops had been pre
vented for a few days, by a violent
feyer which had attacked Lieutenant
colonel Tarleton, and which yet dis
abled him from! holding his, situation
when! his regiment, moved forwards.
Several convalescent men of the army
having relapsed, . the 71st, under
M'Autlnuy was! left near Blair's mill,
nfTi.rrl rirnfpptinn to the sick, to
cover the mills in the" neigh IjorhrMxTn
aritt to hold Ictimmunication with
CaiiMlen, till additional supplies ar
rived. Earl Corn wall is i moved fbr-
wardsas' soon j as the legion under
MajorrHanger joined him. A party
ofthe militia fired at the advanced
dragoons and light infantry as they
entered the town; and a more consid
erable body appeared drawn up near
the court house The conduct ofthe
Americans created suspicion in the
British i An ambuscade was appre
hended by the tight troops, who mov
ed for wards for! some time with great
circumspection 4.
A charge of cavalry,
iimjer Major Hanger, dissipated this'
ill-grounded jealously, and totally
dispersed the militia. The pursuit
lasted sometime, and about thirty of
the enemy were killed land taken.
The Kiug's troops did not come out j resolution was based on account giv
of this skirmish unhurt : jMajor Han- ! en in the press, j Well, the - press has
ger andlCaptaihs Chambell and M' -
Donald were woundetl, . iand twelve
non commissioned officers were killed
and wounded. "-..!.
' Charlotte town afforded some coni
veniences, blended with fcreat disad-
;f..rns. The mills in ts ne chbor-
hood WP.rp isupposed of sifJcient con-
sequence to render it for the ; present 1
i
an eligible position, and in; future, a
necessary post, when the army advan
ced : But the aptness of its interme
diate situation between Camden and
Salisbury,; and the quantity of its
mills, did not counterbalance its de
fects. The, town and environs aboun
ded, with inveterate enemies i f the
plantations in the neighborhood
were sraaU- and uncultivated p the
roads narrow, and crossed in every di
rection ; and the whole face of the
country covered with close and thick
woods. In addition to these ; disad
vantages, no estimation could be made
of the sentiments of half of the inhabi
tants of North X Carolina, whilst the
royal army remained at Chrrlotte
town. It was evident, and it had
been frequently m ntioned to the
King's officers, that the counties of
Mecklenburg aud Rowan were more
hostile to England thaminyr olner in
America. The vigilance and animosity
of these surrounding districts checked
the exertious ofthe well affected, and
totally destroyed all communication
between the King's troops and the
loyalists in those parts ofthe province.
No British commander- could obtain
any information in that position,
which would facilitate his designs, or
guide his future conduct. Every re
port concerning the measures of the
governor and assembly Would un
doubtedly, be ambiguous,; accounts
of preparations of the militia could
only be vague and uncertain ; atul
all intelligence as the real force and
movements of the continentals must
be totally unattainable". i ,
The foraging parties were every
day harassed by the inhabitants, who
did not reuiain at home, to receive
payment for the produce of their
plantations, but generally fired from
covert places, to annoy the British
detachments. Ineffectual attempts
were made upon convoys coming'from
Camden, and the intermediate post at
Blair's .mill ; but individuals with
expresses were frequently murdered.
An attack was directed against the
picket at Polk's mill, two miles from
the town ; The Americans were gal
lantly received by Lieutenant Gnyon,
of the 23rd regiment ; and the fire of
his party from a loop-holed building
adjoining the mill, repulsed the as
sailants. Notwithstanding the differ
ent checks and losses sustained by the
militia of the district, they continued
their hostilities with unwearied per
severance; and the british troops were
so effectually. blockaded in their pres
ent position, that very few, out of a
greats number of messengers, could
reach Charlotte towiv iu the begiuning
of October, to give intelligence of
Ferguson's situation.
THE NOBLEST OF THEM ALL.
The Li tter Which He Writes to the Tel
ler Committee What He Says and
, The Specifications He Furnishes.
Washington, January
1. The
following explains itself:
Washington City, Jain 1st, '79.
To Hon. H. M. Teller. Cluiinnan of lite
Select Committee of Investigation :
I have the honor to acknowledge
the receipt of yours ofthe 21st ult.,
enclosing a copy ofthe resolution
adopted by your committee, reques
ting me to furnish in writing such
facts and such evidences as may be in
my possession touching the matter in
volved in the amendment made on
my motion to the resolution under
which' the committee is feting. ; Of
course the-committec does not sup
pose that the matters embraced in that
amendmeut are within my personal
knowldce or that ot any one man.
They relate to the elections in every
part of the republic, aud the allega
tions are to be found for tlie most
part in; the public press. Iiv )penin
his sjieech in support of his resolu
tion of December Ilth, the Senator
from Maine distinctly stated that the
' teemed, with statements which, if true,
require the investigation proposed by
' niy amcudment,j and as I have no
doubt.that the mcmocrs ot tlie com-
mittec read, thej papers quite as dili-
gently as I Io; it is probable that they
know, where to look tor sources ot in
formation is fully as J do ; aud as
they are charged with the rcsponsi-
I am not, I beg leave respectfully to
say tha I take no part of. '.it oamy
shoulders; Nevertheless, as theamend
ment was offered in perfect good, faith
and with the firm belief that the! mat
ters it embraces require, investigation
quite as much as the rnatters contain
ed in the original resolntion, it! iwill
be'projier for me, especially since the
committed has requested it, to furnish
such information touching the sub
ject as may from time to time 1 come
under my i observation. X therefore
send herewith installment No. 1conr
sisting of 1 ; . , -j .
First.' An editorial article cut from,
this morning's jWashington Post. ! '
Second. ! A copy of a petition of six
ty odd citizens of New York to the
House of Representives, complaining
of the illegal and oppressive conduct
of John I. Davenport and other Fed
eral officials at the late election in New
York city,! aud jlam authorized by the
Hon. Fernando Wood, who presen
ted the petition, to say that its state
ments are proved by sundry affidavits
in his hands, and tlia he will, if re
quested, furnish the affiants and oth
er witnesses to the same facts.
Third. A copy of an opinion of
Judge Freerian, tou hing the rights
of certain naturalized citizens of New
York, which rights were grossly vio
lated by sai9 Davenport, as set forth
i i said petition.
! Fourth. I respectfully refer you to
that portion of the speech of Senator
Wallace, (one of your members), de
livered in the Senate December 17th,
1878, which relates to the last elec
tion in Pennsylvania. See Congress
ional Record of December 18th, page
28. '
Fifth. I also beg leave to refer you
to a published letter of Hon. Win. D.
Kelley, of Pennsylvania, showing the
means employed by the Federa I of
ficials and others to dfeat his nomi
nation ami elK;tioii. You have no
doubt seen the letter in the newspa-
- ' T ' ' 1 ft 1
pers; it not,: 1 will nave a copy pro
cured for vou. i
Sixth. An editorial article from the
irgus and Patriot, a newspaper oY
Montpelier, VTt., touching the election
at Bcnninslon in that State.
Seventhp A copy of the President'
civil service .order of June. 22d,
1877, aud as showing what attention
lias been paid to it, uud also what
means were resorted to by the Repub
lican consressionhl committeeof 1878,
I enclose a circular of that commit-
tes signed by George C. Gorham, its
secretary. ! 1 his circular, it is said,
was sent to nearly every person in the
civil service of the government, and
to public contractors and others, hav
ing relations' with the government.
Tarn, very respectfully,
! Your obedient servant,
(Signedf)
A. G. TlIUIIMAN.
THE PUBLIC DEBT.
The Governor's message is in ; full
accord wi
h public sentiment in the
State on
debt:
the question of the State
i Hie public debt it will bese n oy
the Treasurer's report amount to$lG,-
mtrmm ' )) .
060,045,00-J-principal and 10,1 G0,
182,25 interest. This w known as the
recognized debt, as contradistiuguish
Ctl from the special tax bonds. What
shall be done with it is a question that
deserves your best consideration It is
out of thejqhcstion for us to attempt
to pay it at' its; face value. Indeed I
do not conceive that there is any mor
al obligation upon us to do so ; nor do
our credifdrs expect it of nr. Quiteone
half of our property upou which our
bonds were based was wantonly de
stroyed by consent of a large majority
of those Who held them, and no court
of couscieiie ii)on the. earth wonld
permit a creditor to destroy one-half of
his security aud claim full payments
out ofthe! remainder.! But we can and
should pay something. I have grounds
to believej that very reasonable terms
inded cah be obtained, if we evince a
"determination to settle the question
and btf done.with it." I refer exclusive
ly to "what fs known as the "Recog
nized" debt. So far as the special i tax
bonds are concerned liny opinion as
expressed to your predecessors remains
unchanged, that they are not binding
either in law, or good morals unless it
maybe as to a very small fractiou
honestly impropriated to the State's use
and accepted by her. Rat. Netcsi
The Pre$s iiiys there is too little inter
est in and (around Salem regarding; the
Salem '& Winston & Mooroaville Railroad.
Tery little is ever said about it.
,U '
ij There are. many- wrongs
wnicn ,
awaiti redress at its hand
execs -
sive taxation
being.
..ww
&ninn'o 'tlmHnnil tlm RtUv-nt i -
'Lu ' ..Ti.-i-.
V-rW irum gni eii
'.lirL ' '.1 Vt ,: . ' .
wusiuer among oiner ininge -tne pro-,
Priety of restr rine the whipping nbst '
M aimeans of preventinK , tUe 1. petty
thefW which ar6 i. constantly Ifir-
nishing our prisons With- inmates lat
the public cost, and of reducing the
salaries of public officials where such
are seen .to be excessive. 4 We ., hope
the Legislature will combine pru
dence, dispatch and hard - sense in its
deliberations this: winter1 and thereby
partially: restore Ant Hal Is 'of Legis
lature(jto the proud standard of former
times.; Goldsboro Mail i ?
, , ji - ' j
I UNMAILXBLE 3IATTER. J
Bees, bran, bone dust, j ( ;
Books, obscene, lewd or lascivioas.
Circulars,' concerning illegal lotteries, so-'
called gift concerts, or other similar enter
prises offering ; prizes concerning schemes
devi-sed and intended to deceive or de
fraud the public Cement, corn meal, con
fectionery in any form.
Cutlery, including all edged tools. 1 j
Eye glasses, explosire chemicals.
Flour, flour meal, made of any kind of grain
' w hatever. . " . I , I
Glass, no matter how it may Iks put up. f
Glass, bottle, containing liquids, the fact
that if it is inclo.ed in a woodt-n case
makes no difference,
Guano, Hermitically sealed cans, Honey, j
JewelryTwith pins attached. !
Knaves. ' j
Letters concerning illegal lotteries, (see Cir
culars.) t ;
Lefters, upon envelojws of which indecent,
lewd, olscene or lascivious delineations, ep
ithets, terms or language, may be written or
printed, or disloyal devices printed orengrav-
ed. 'f .
Liquids, Live animals. . j
Middling?, mill feed, and similar manufact
ured articles. . '
Needles.
Ointment, the fact it is put up in tin boxes
makes no difference.
Oilj (see glass bottle)
Pamphlets, obscene. Paper, Pictures and
prints, lewd or lascivious.
Publications of an indecent character. j
Poisons.
Potatoes.
Postal eards, upon which indecent, lewd or
lascivious epithets, &c, (see letters.)
Razors. j
Sealed ans, sharp pointed instruments .
Salve, the fact that is put up in t tin boxes
makes no difference.!
Shoe Blacking, soap, spectacles. '
Sewing machine needles, steel pens. L
Stove polish.
Tin dishes, tooth powder.
Ur any other matter liable to deface or de
stroy the mails, or injure the person of arty
one connected with the mail service.
northerVsettlers.
A VOICE IN' BEHALF OF THE SOVTH.
The convention of Northern men now
residing in the South met at Charlotte, N.
C., 011 the 15th, aud after a free inter
course agreed on the following:
ADDRESS
To 'the People of the Several Common
wealths Composing the United States of
America: 1 I
We, the representatives of Northern
settlers in the Southern States, and being
ourselves i 111 migrants from localities in
thri Northern States to the respective
States following our individat signatures,
in convention assembled, do eall your at
tention to the following, feeling assured
that. "cool judgment njtou the facts shown
will set iu flow the currents of lesison, and
aud action will follow reasoning without
prejudice. We prefer to make findings
specially and at length, and we. find :- j
1st. That in the States of our former
homes there exists an. active prejudice
against the South, and its people ; that
this prejndice is mighty ill its influence
for, evil on the nation ; that by it and
through it the conditions of the country
are largely disquieted; that it is fomented
aud kept alive for ends ulterior to the
common weal ; that the real interest of
the nation are kept out of sight in keep
ing alive this prejudice. That much jof
th is prejudice, if not all of it, is due main
ly to wrong information concerning (and
partial and total ignorance of) the facts
existing iu a large portion ofthe South.
d. That in the portions of the South in
wliiich we reside, the light of any mail,
from no matter where, to express public
ly as well as privately ii is opinion upon
any subject and of every nature, is no
wlvere aud in no manner restrained. That
all laws are well administered and as tru
ly enforced against the wrongdoer as Ui
auy part of any State in the Union. f
3d. That ainy man who has tui conduct
ed himself at his former home as to win
the regjird of honest men aud deeent peo
ple, by pursuing the ;same course of life
in the South, does gain and keep the re
gard and respect of all jieople, regardless
of any question of politics or religious
faith; aud we further find that beiug a
Northern man is certainly no disadvan
tage. ' '
4th. That every citizen recognizes that
he is amenable to the law, aud that local
fadf-govtrumeut is sis much required. nud
encroachment upon these as much de
plored as in any State North, East or
West. ! , . ,
5th. We find, too, that rsons foisted
themselves uikiu the polity of the South,
aud by their conduct j cast discredit upon
the Northeru name. !
6th. Those of us who were iu the army
ofthe Union uever for a moment pretend
ed to think of denying our uniform or tlie
old cause. The Coufederate soldier lias
always evinced the tfue soldier: iostitict
iu Jtlie grasp of, those j who were his ene
mies iu war. , J -i.
7th. That considering reputed outrages,
if these were carefully sifted it will, be
&mud tht tbo couipUiuanU (or like acta
wculd bam Mffered t the bads of any
tiewks aoder like provocatiunv - . I-
8th. We find that in bnsines relations
;-'. . ...... T r 4. t
il . .: n .
uie ex-uonieuernte in xrillinfr n eii '
land on time to Northed
people vrho could not ret the same acconY:
modiitions at - the North,
- uii ui lue rumiacauons ot
business the- enJorw. .inrnM ,i i i. .
nna nu that .mhi... . . .. - a
' - Mwr' mmV J ....rj'rr IT , 4
it iiuieg U.UU
r-auxious c
f extent ion
'qmsitiveon auestionf La
ffwnni.ntfe .a,-T'-,r;rv riiw
i 7 "'.-JI-' ! JW UMH.U UBE'
u oor
lnierest as yours that yo sacceed
flI1 country witW
9tli. That a addibord lk vi.lt ni
SJf" coSe . (. .hepHvil
iSfK
sturdv iriteirritv and ilinHnnl-,' .1,,,
tardy inteirritT and real
their definition of what these thiugs art)
correspond with the idea of the same our?
neighbors in the North lield in r.mmnn
with us. : We find that We are not tftlintJ
eel nor subjected to any kind of persecu
tion for proper conduct or good Northern
ideas or principles, and though differing
from many of oar Southern neighbors ou
many essential questions in politics and
otherwise, we have lived and prospered
here among them, they knowing these
differences. . i
10th. We find that the South needs more
people badly, and that none appreciate it
more than the native population, and that
they re willing to otler fair inducements
to industrious people to come and settle!
aniong them. If residence among a peo
ple aud having daily social and business
contact with them means auvthinir. then'
we ask a fair consideration by nil people
onueiactawtt Herein find, and that at
least the same credit may be given to our!
statements that is given to the unsupport
ed statements so swift in their mtssioh of
dissension and misrepresentation. j
Ilth. That east of a line drawn from'
Richmond, Va., to Raleigh, N. C, thence
to ColumbiarS.C, thence to Tallahassee,
in Florida, the country on the eastern side
of the South Atlantic States contains a
vast extent of rich alluvial lauds, fiue
sandy loams, a considerable extent of
sw jimp and arid sand, heavy forests of
pinje and cypress, fiue fisheries and har
bors, important water powers aud vast
beds of marl audjshell; that iu this sea
slope belt, from the Potomac to the gulf,
is grown all products that are grown iu
any of the States of the North, and in ad
dition tine qualities of tobacco, cotton and,.
rice, while soutti of Savannah the buna-;
imj and other tropical fruits add their!
value.
! 12th. That about GO miles westward of
the line given, the country gradually rises,
and at about the line given becomes gent
ly Undulating, aud assumes its distinctive!
character as the foot hills of the Blue!
Ridge range, of mountains and becomes;
the country known as the Piedmout belt,
and is comprised in that strip of country
lying to tlie west of the line given for an
average distance of about 150 miles, in
some parts narrower aud in others slight
ly wider, its eastern limit having an alti
tude of from 300 to 400 feet, lisiug by
graduations to a height of from 900 to
1,100 feet on its eastern liue. Within
this Piedmont belt are forests of oak, ash,
hickory, walnut, maple, beech, birch, alt
the hard woods with yellow pine and oc
casional belts on the higher ridges of white
piue. Rivers and creeks afford, with
their tributaries, abundant water, and
these streams fail not, neither go -dry.
Abundant water powers, large numbers
of them .averaging from 12 to 20 feet, and
many from 25 to 50 feet, and others from
GO to 150 feet of natural fall, on streams
having a width of from 100 to 700 feet.
Some of these water powers ha ve cotton
and woolen mills thereon, aud any one
wishing to be interested, can be shown
that these are payiug handsomely.' The
soil is generally a red clay or mulatto or
chocolate laud, grey loam and black soil.
The bottom lands yield largely; those of
the uplands moderately. On the kind of
culture hitherto followed iu the South
which is in no degree up to the Northern
standard, yet owing to ease of transpor
tation to market, shortuess of Hues and
the kiudness of the climate, the money
valne of all crops exceeds that ofthe fields
of Kansas or Minnesota.
il. We find in this belt, mines of gold,
iron, copper, coal, limestone, mica, bary
tes, mineral paint, corundum, etc., etc.,
which, if worked .with the assiduity and
appliances as elsewhere, would furnish
lulor to a vast population, and equal in
yield to those of other States more known
to popular report.
B. We find the climate of this beltsa
lubrioris, invigorating and restoring; that
its summer tcmierature is lower and
cooler by several degrees than at the
North, that gentle breezes keep the sum
mers 4-estful; that drouths or failure of
crops are unknown, that insects and pests
destrnctivo to crops have no existence;
that the winters are moderate and short;
'that animal life is easily supported with
out expensii-e methods of care and con
stant working to feed the labor of the
summer away; that here man. works for
himself and his, and not for his brutes;
tjiat there is im month in the year but
that out of door, lalor on the farm can Iks
done anr plowing is not ordinarily inter
fered with by frost or snow.
C. .We tiud the country, healthful, well
drained and singularly free from ague,
"malarious fevers and malignant disease;
and, where auy such cases have occurred
it will be found due to neglected local
causes, such as dams in marshy places,
obstructed ponds en using back-flows and
consequent stagnation.
. D. We find that cotton, tobacco, all the
cereals' the apple, each, tig, pomegran
ate, all varieties of fruit, the grape and
various berries thrive and mature . finely
the each bearing in three j-ears from
the ' seed. That tho taine grasses are
grown With slight effort, and are a profit
able crop; that sheep, cattle and swlue
pay handsomely .f
E. Wo find that all occupations pnrT
sued for profit, whether iu trade, law, ag
riculture, mechanics, manufacturers, when
pursued here with the same jMsrsMency
and methods as otheccotiutries, yield as
large returns with less strain. "
Kith. We find that t the west of the
Piedmont Ix-lt is a vast extent of moun
tain country nearly 200 miles in width.
This is composed of high table lands rich
in natural grasses of the most succulent
character, hue-mountain eIo)i not too
precipitous, ami nanovr valleys of the:
most productive kind. The altitnde f
the country is from 1 ,100 to 2.300 feet
above the sea; its atmosphere is singular
ly rare and pure. Tide mineral turiaga
aboasdi and these districts have already
attained eminence as health and pleasure
retortsJ ' It-contains mountains and spurs,
- ' , .. .'
S!,i0er wcnic fletalb
Is which I P
nd picturesque,;.
uiore BDarsplv aitii Vu r
"p ,Rt,Jf.wl' ? thn the eastern 1
"!Wana nincn.of it is remote from Hum1
tIrIK.V "i8. ,n U kindof wiuer-
V, aua its mines of
t opDer,"mJcar'
yielding Jiand-. I
lroD ftnd
iron knd corundanr are
u its iltitade . iti w SiSTBSST iSl
Sf'.?5?i wiateti are
JKVZSr
belU-.They
S iuu.cu yarns j in wiutli::;
mww uouiiuaries arm vim-v nniv .i fr
uueu auu remain nemmnenf wui,;..
w - m j .uia w uc .
theJfavorcet lines fruits, whether of the ?
if 7IU0 or shrub l are never struck by
froft.r Its capacities and capabilities for v
stotk growing, its ample water power, its !
immense foresu and fine lands, its health--
If "?,ate nn1 S"5 stretches of unseen-
pied cheap lauds mark it as a. sfntrh nf
cntry capable of supporting a vast n" i
dastrisl as well as health-seeking people. i
14tk We find that through any of these 1 ! '
te,Ij,o wUDtive bolts of country of the1
1? South, nnlmprovel lands can le'
had at prices ranging from 75 cents to $10 4 i
per acre, dependent on retnoteaess froni i v
town nnii rail. li , -i
be had at from $3 to $5t) per acre. jt J
-15th, That at no distant day the lincs
of raijway now reacliing from: the South
Atlantic seaboard, and lint v m tAll .-
fintlirig their way through, the lilne Ridge
mountains, will makehe jwrts of Seuili- 1
em; States the shipping points for the1 1
uipius gram ana meat prodoets of tlie A
West rather than follow the lilies to the '
Northern seaboard n1 - . r.....
blolkiuled by snoir in the transit; and ar- '
riring late and partly da ma jed at Ice- '
uvuuu. pons. ; 1 - i
lUth. That tnanufactirres at the' South 1 v
are receiving good attention, and that 1
more than ten extensive . ton factories,
numbering more than 200,000 spindles; i l
arerijinccessfiil operation br a uiiiou of !
natlv and Northern capital, and that I
seyf-r ,1 hnndreds of cotf u factories." aver-
aging! fiom 1,000 i J0,OuO spiudles, are i
in fsikej-essful and profitable ojeratioii I" !
alexia the wafer courses, with nbuudant 1
rtioju for other and larger factnriei; that 1
thewj) factories are mainly wned and "
uiatnd by Southern peiqdo and, the
o;K:ijti ves come from the native white-1' 4
population. We find theseseveTalsoinrces "'
of profit in cotton mantifactnro which are
lost in the North : - -
lj.tj The factories are in the field of,
proUjction; the ppodncer and ni.i mi facta -!'J
rer lata brought together, a nd-fhe profits J
ofthe interchange remain at home. ;:
2iid. Saving of transport-ation of raw '.
material and return of manufactured '
fbiies. ;
h dj. Tho tolls of cotton giuniug enter
int?ninanufactdre ; thisis .Ulmr and the S
profit I of labor enteringinto manuf.ictro"j
with Ithe other saving us a stmrce ot ;
m&y, . - '
. 4thL The cost of water power is nnrn- '
inal, properly speaking ; no other but tho k
buildiug of a cheaqi wooden dam anil rude ;
canaJs; the streamit never fieezf iu win- ;
ter Mr go dry iu summer; no loss; of I
tinieJ - ; ; " .
5tli Exceeding cheapness of building
material aud common labor. !
tli. Cheapuess of fuel ; wpoxl not or- -
er $ll25 a cord. ' ' ' ';
7f:H. Factories ueed not be jieated"1 to 1
excefjd 40 days per year.; A"
8li. A good home uuirket in a conn
trr Jnfhere the money crop, being cottbilV
means cash, and not trade, for that cf op,
audi Home product selling side by sido .'
with Ithe' Northern- made article at tho '
samoi price, throws cost of freight, &c.
rnM the pocket of tlie Southern manu
facturer, so that that which constitutes
twos jitntcs of cxjiense in; Northern manu
facture becomes two profits to the South- f
ernsr. .- - '- r '':- . -
if Ui. We find that the modes of agri
culture pursued at the South are strange-
ly thriftless: that the implements in use,
tlie wagons and means of farm transpor
tation and cultivation are most rude ;
that if the same modes of farming wero
followed in the North, and the same im- ?
piemen ts used, bankruptcy ruiii and ' f
squalor would follow in every instance ;-"-that
the Southern farmer prospers by
such methods and I(m1s is due to the kind
ness of Providence in giving a climate r" .
and soil which almost provide for man
themselves; almost certaiuly for beast;
for but few feed stock at all, the1 veryr
minimum of exertion pnduces more than !
a liring. Northern farmers pursuing tho '
courses of farming here that they do at
home will amass wealth. "J . . i
18th. We find that no attention what-'
evef has been given to roads or bridges
in tjie .South; that passage over many
tortious of the higjier country is most
difiicnlt;, that gullies and holes exist in
therti--nftentimes, rendering passage high- -ly-niisafe
and adiling terribly -to the cdt
of marketing products, that frequently
bridges ha re dangerous holes in them, -and
are of round Mles -laid loosely ; that f
the approaches to many of the cities and
towhs, where the roads run together aud '
travejl gathers, aremiraclesof badnessand
call Tor reaily atrentiou, in not atone thr
enforpenieut of the very wise aud i full
roatj paws, already existent, but the addi
tion; a road tax giving the citizens, as
in other States, the option to jiay a road
tax iu money or labor. - - j
l!)th. We find a good code of school
laws providing for a system 6f free pub-T
lie schools ; tbe sparsencss of the popu
lation prevents the full administration of
thetii, and the fund is divided with fair- .
ness5 ln'tween both white and black. The
pMple believe and act npon the principle
that ignorance is the mother of crime and
vice, as well as of supersition. The pri-
vato schoid system always did litve pref X
ferepce at the South, aud those who are
able; prefer to send their children trthem
Ijeeause the Schrtot tax oiripg to tho
wide distances between homes hardly
suffices to provide for rooYe than the veryi'
rudimentary branches of knowledge ; ! yet -this
is generously supplemented by p-.i
va to contributions aud iu tuauy distilct
public sthxls of fair character aie had, iu .
some instances gixnl guided sc!uk1s are
maintained. The -public school st -ra
is growiog largely iu faror j its revenue
are annually increasing, and. but for a .
fear of extravagance iu its use, would bi?
iucreasetl. The num'ers of tie popula
tion' at a Ciir distance from touts ayd ti? '
ties are nor enoughs to jostlfy vwsy r -pliacce
for, free ectdls, aud ttfrcibro
anc!i of education iscariledaD evetittow;
; at liome,1 while freqnently these wlie pay
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