y"xiii.-rHiMi series ' vj F-P (g(Mb cLP()7, irlw'i i'i
11.
The:CarolinWatchnian
STABtlSnED IN1TIIE YEAR 1832.
f PRICK, $1.60 IN ADVANCK.
T
- M" :vv- TRUSTEE'S ' ;.
SAiE I REAL ESTATE
BY virtue of a Mortgage or Deed in Trust,
executed by John C. .Connor and Sallie"
j Connor, to Loke BUckmer, dated the 8th
dVof April, . 1874, . registered in the
office ot Register of Deeds of Rowan coun
ty, ia Book No. 48, pa'ge 170, &c, and upon
ivhich default has been made, I will expose
- to sale at public auction, at the Courthouse
H - Tdoor in the town oi naiisuurj,
On the 6th dajNof KEarch,
1882, at 11 o'clock. A. 31., the following es
tate, to wit; A traetjof Land consisting of
one-fifth of 400 acres adjoining the lands
of Aleck Miller,-Jesfe Klutta and-others,
subject to the life estate of Laura Hudson.
Also one-sixth v part of the land formerly
Owned by John1 L. Fjeid,- dee'd., adjoining
the lahds of Peter Wj Hairston, James B.
Craigl and others. j
Terms Cash. Dated at Salisbury this 1st
dav of February, 18S2. ' ;.
J7:4t LUKE RLACMER, Trustee.
REMEMBER THE BEAD !
MONUMENTS TOMES,
toa
GREAT BED UCTION
IN THE PRICES OF
Marble llonnmenti and Qrave-Stcnes of
J -Every Description. vs
I cordially invite'the public generally
to an inspection of ny- Stoek and Work.
I feel justified in assert ingtht my past
experience under fiist-class workmen iu
All the newest and! modern styles, and
that the workmanship is equal to any of
the best m the country. 1 dp not say
' that my Work is superior to all others. 1
am reasonable, will not exaggerate in or
der to accomplish a sale. JVIy eudeavor.is
I to please and civi each customer the val
-' f ue of every dollar they leave with me.
xBICES 35 to 5q Per Cent CHEAPER
than ever offered in this town before.
Call at once or send for price list and de
signs. Satisfaction iguarant'd or no charge.
The erection of marble is the last work
firespect which we pay tdthe memory
of departed friends. ,
V - JOHKj S. HUTCHINSON.
SalisbirTy, N. CNov. I, Icdl.
-, i 1 -
'Blaciier aM Hesasrson,
Attorneys, Cqunselors
; - ,i auU Solicitors.
SALISBURY, N.
Januav22 1879 Itt.
$66
a week In your otvb -towi. 5 Outfit fre
orisk. Evervtlilrir new. capital roL ro-
fllltrri will fiii-T-iluH i-fiij nTrrtbJiKT Vrinr oro
. making; fortunes. Ladles make as 'much as men
. Kill lUlUi'IJI J lVl V'MJ Llilll. ill i 4 ' J i'
, .1 anq boys and girls maKe groat pay. Header, it yon
; ; wata-buslnpRsat whlicli jt)u can make' great pay
auvue ume you wonc. wnte ior particulars to
. W) ; 11- IlAixjjiT & Co., Portlarid, Maine
Ed & Mie R. R. Co.
CONDENSED SCHEDULES.
TRAINS GOING SOLTS
. f ' T J !
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Ar Danville
Lv .. - .
. Ar North Danville
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j IGen. Pas. 'Afrat, '
I Eicbmojid. a.
The Southern --Bourboiis
As Described by a Northern Visitor-Lead
er o befet and BestPeopU of the
South.
The following is an extract from, an
article in the Atlantic Monthly, written
by an independent and thoughtful gen
tleman, whose letters ta the New York
Tribnne last year attracted so ,nmcn. at
tention : rf.t. "i
"As used in the North j this word 'Bour
bon1 designates a class of white men
composed chiefly of the leading citizens
of the Southern Statesj The Bourbons
aie the principal business men, lawyers,
physicians, teachers, clergymen, mer
chants and farmers of tte South. They
are everywhere the leaders of society, m
'the best sense of the word. They' sus
tain the churches aud give such efficiency
to the moral activities dnd discipline of
the local communities5 as they i have' thus
far attained. Taken broadly or general
ly, the class includes the best people of
the South, or most of them. They are
Beurbous because in politics theyare
Democrats, and act in opposition to the
principles, policy or methods of the Re
publican party, which has administered
the national government since the time
of ourctvil war. In W& Southern States
the tern) Bourbon has rio distinct signifi
cance. It is .applied indiscriminately by
all classes of politicians to anybody who
ui(Ters witli them. It is there a conven
ient thpuglf empty epittiet or name of re-
aoach. Every politician insists that his
party is the patty of progress, of improve
ment the representative and embody
ment of the only ideas ty which society
can exist or civilization be maintained;
aud he is of course entitled to stigmatize
his opponents . as Bourbons. The word
is a sham or burlesque weapon hi the
South, a;)dis used there by everybody in
political1 wrangling, 'fot all it is worth.'
As to the Southern mc-ii who compose the
clas.i K which this Danio is usually ap;
plied. in the North, I aiii compelled to say
that, aside from ; political- matters, they
are much like our people, or like the best
people iu our nothern communities
They do not appear tolovc what is wrong
for its own sake, nor to prefer faslehood,
baseness, cruelty, or injustice to the vir
tuous and good qualities which are else-
where revered by good men. liiey are
amiable, truthful, conscientious,! kind,
public spirited, and religious, resembling
very closely the foremost men in our
New England towns in all tho .important
h cmciUM in iersonal etraraerer. nirtftrincr
only, iu general, in being commuuicative
and having less reserve JJian usual among
New Englanders. As; to their political
action, it seems to me ! to have been for
some years largely inevitable, the neces
sary product and result of tho peculiar
conditions of life aud society iu the South
siuce the civil war. It does not
appear
to have been owing to" sheer depravity on
their part, nor to any choice or agency of
theirs, that there was ; for some vears a
disturbed and unsettled state of things in
the Southern States. Collisions between
different classes followed unavoidably
upon the elevation of the emancipated
slaves iuto political superiority over the
disfranchised white citizens of tho couu
try. There has never been any such com
pleteness of organization among the peo
ple of the South since the war as many
persons believe to have existed there.
That part of ourcountry is distinguished
by much greater feebienejss of community
and a less organic "life than belongs to
northern society, and the Bourbons are
not really responsible for everything that
has been done South of Mason and Dix-
on's line. I shall hate more to sayjhere-
after of Southern politics. Here I wish
ouly to place the so-called Bourbon type
as plaiuly as possible before my readers.
The men thus designated are, as a class,
eminently social, hospitable, honest, and
upright men, if iwe leave their politics
out of view. They have, in large meas
ure, built up and maintained such moral,
social, industrial, and religious organiza
tion and activity as the South now jaos-
sesses, and much of what is best and
most encouraging in the present state of
things in the principal Southern JStates is
due to them and to their effort for practl
cal reconstruction in: a time of extreme
difficulty and uncertainty, when their re
sources were most discouragingly slender
aud when they had no precedent to guide
them except such as; were furnished by
the experience of mankind iu the long
contest between civilization and; barbar
ism iu the past. I think they have made
mistakes and have: done wrong things
since the war. I am not certaiu that we
or anybody else, would have done better
thau they.
"In conversation With these gentlemen
I everywhere expressed my conviction
that illegal interference witlr negro suf
frage, could not be continued without the
most serious injury to all Southern inter
ests, and it would be better that South
ern men Democrats should mdkte the
ballot entirely free to all who are legally
entitled to its possession, and then en
dure whatever ills j might result. They
always replied that disturbance, violence
and fraud were each year diminishing,
and that negro poli Heal supremacy; would
be utterly rnjuou, for tb. State nd for
society L and insisted that, if the Kepubli-
cai party in the South possessed the
character and employed the methods of
the same party in the North, they would .
gladly cooperate with; it jjtnat tney were
ready todicard and abandon their pres
I ent political organization j whenever any j
other party would take up he real prob
lems of the South and seriously address
'u" owtwMwu. .
cuarancr anu emuiuicu mic mtuiwo , xjju imuix i 'vn wiut wnt ci m vuuiuuu uu nuusc roar nan iMin rue tear its wn t tmf .i.,..i!4j
"In studying the Bourbons I hare been laborer T Have not these Inien who are
forced to conclude that' nothing has yet excluded from the category of America
been attained anywhere much better than given us all our wealtli and all our pros
it j " -r.ln.iJ i r . . penty, felled onrforests and builded our
the domestic j life; ef jthh? class ;of the broads and dug our canals and made
Southern people, in Its intelligence, re--
finement, beauty and! general elevation
and wholesomness.n; j
A Massachusetts Tbwti Destroyed.
ii I
$2,000,000 of Property Lost, and it is
. s , . , r Feared Many ves.
Boston, Feb. 18. A fire started in the
business portion of the town of Haver
hill Mass., last night, and spread with
great rapidity. The small fire depart
ment being unable to cope with the
flames, which soon got beyond control,
assistance was telegraphed for to Law
rence, Newburyport, and other towns
adjacent. The first direct report from
Haverhill says: The First Naiional
Bank, the Five Cent Savings Bank, and
all of the lower part of Washington street
have been burued, aud thero is no kuow
ing where the fire will stop. The opera
tor at the depot says the tire is getting
uncomfortably close and he is al'taid ho
will be forced to desert his post. Tjie
fires, he says, cover at least teu acres,
pretty thiekly built upon. The Smith
block, Finney block, Tiltou block, Pres-
Lcott building, Bishop building, Union
block, Coffin building, on Washington
street, the Piling building, ou Wingato
street, have gone. The loss will bo sev
eral millions. Engines are coming from
Newburyport and Dover. A number of
families on Wiugate street have been
burned, ont. This is the biggest fire
tliat has ever occurred iu this vicinity,
The streets are liued with merchandise
and furniture, and there is no doubt but
that a number of poople are rendered
homeless. Owing to the panicky feeling
i x r
no reaiiy auciienuc reports can ue &"
from any persou iu Haverhill. The main
telegraph office has been burued, the
connection between the centre of the city
and the depot telegraph office being thus
severed.
At 3:35 a. m. the fire was got uuder
control. Bat one block remains ou YA iu-
gate street, but two at the upper end of
Washington street. All else in the square
bounded by the Merrimac river on South
Washington Square, Essex street on the
East, the north side of Wingate street ou
the North and Railroad Square on the
Wesf is burned to the ground. This terri-
tory embraces the largest part of the boot
I and shoo manufactories. The loss cannot
be estimated at present. W hat yester-
What
day was the finest street iu the city aud
the principal business mart is to-day a
smouldering, shapeless iuass of ruius.
Some eighty shoe j firms are entirely
burned out and others suffer' more or less
damage.
thousands are this morning penniless,
" t i
while the losses of others are fully or
partially covered by insurance. Two
thousand people are out of employment
and several families homeless. The loss
is estimated at two million dollars.
The most dreadful feature of the ca
lamity is the loss of life and the awful
uncertainty caused to mauy anxious
hearts. It is feared that the bodies of a
score or more of prominent business
I men are buried in the ruins. Thus far
I three are known to bo dead. Of the
buildings burned most of them are brick
blocks, about sixty were occispied by
J eighty-six firms.
About 2,500 people are thrown out of
employment.
The Contest for Collector.
M ii i
e '
: Thelatest advices inform usthat the con
test over the collectorship of this U strict
for which Mr. Cooper has beeu nomina
ted by the President will bo carried into
the Senate, where Cooper's confirmation
will be strenuously opposed by Senator
Tance, Lacked by the solid strength of
the Democrats. It is thought that a
sufficient number ofi Republican votes
can be secured to prevent the confirma
tion. ' ' i " 1 '
The North State SUil waft of this
week in a lengthy i editorial protests
ajniiust the nomination of Coouer a- a
disastrous blow at the party in this
btate, which will result in the formatiou
of a third party in the eveut of his con
firmation. The North State is the organ of
tho anti-Mott-Cooper combination which
it asserts are assuming to'run the parly
in tlieir own special interest, and by
ivays ' and means ileat will nof lear the
lights to be turned On. It has been a
hotljr waged contest, and when it gets
jn to the Senate, with jVnuce turned loose,
we may expect some rich and interesting
developments. Charlotte Observer.
Jt is worth remembering that noliody en
joys the nicest surroundings if in bad health.
There are resemble people about to-day
with one foot in the crave, when a bottle of
, ''iZ 'Sicin
they have ever tried. ! See adv.
Ocl3Nevl3.
SPEECH OF H.
Hon. Zebnlon B. Yanco In the Un
State Senate, February 14, 1832
COSTISUEDJ
Why, Mr..Pre8ident, is fiot every nian
W10 wnrkf. hT the .WHot ot bis brow a
tjie &Q& blossom as the rose T"
The Senator from Maine the other dav
1 astonishedjme, not so much by what he
said and what he saw, but by what he
did not seel and did not speak. And' he
did not hare the excuse for not seeing
these fact8;that Captain Cuttle? Tendered
to Mr. Too!t8 when ilr. Toots came and
asked him if he could see Sol Gills. "No,
sir,"- said- Captain Cuttle,-"you cannot
see Sol Gills." 'Why or wherefore
"Bekase he is inwisible." Laughter.
These tacts were not invisible to theSeu
ator. He said it is our duty tq protcci
American labor, and showed the differ
ence between -the labor of America and
the labor of Europe. The European la
borers are politically inferior beings, not
invested with any of the privileges and
franchises jof the country in which they
live, but here, according to the Constitu
tion, said tho Senator, the laborers! are
the governors, they, are the Government.
So it is, Mr. President, I agree with iim.
But if he can show me under the Con
stitution that the fellow who stands at
the New tnglaud spindle is any more
the Government thau the field laborers
iu the South and West, I will agree to
give u-p th question. When he asserts
that it is necessary that the spinner or
forge hanil should receive wages that
vitlenab!fc hin to qualify himself for his
duties as -X citizen in this greatest of all
repullics, and in a country more than
any other upon earth demanding intelli
gence in those who support it aodgoveru
it, I agree to every word ho says. But if
lie fan show me why the man who jhoes
cotton iu file S;mtl at $10 a month shjould
be taxed per cent, on his shoe-leather,
and ?o per cent, upon his jiick-knife, and
KXipsr cent, upon his flannel shirt, aud
almost asimuch up everythiugelse that he
uses, in order that the wages of his
brother laborer in New England should
be such as hall enable him to do all this
then I will laky my departure 'from j this
subject and agree to hold my peace.
When he can show mo the law or equity
or policy for making one laborer feed an
other and educate him. and his children,
then is the controversy closed. i
' American labor ! Certainly, sir, I am
with yon for American labor ; let us pro
tect American labor and put the laborer
as high in the scale of intelligence asj pos
sible; but do not require the poor uegro.
making cotton in the South at $10 a month
to pav at least one half of
that ten to the
may have car-
New Eujrlaud man that he
pets on the floor and a piano in the , par-
lor, th'at his children may go to school
and all may learn to read and write.
That is not the kind of protection I want.
That brings the .whole subject to the
condition I indicated in my opening re
marks, frhat is class legislation : that is
uujust legislation ; that is uuequal legis
lation : that is unconstitutional legisla
tion : that is dishouest legislation,! and
that is all there is of it. I want all Amer
ican labor to have a fair aud even chance
i want my own poor workingmen atiome
protected-not ouiy .against foreign pau
pers but! also against brigandage. A1-,
most evfciry item of foreign raw material
used by pur factories is the product of
foreign nau per labor," aud is admitted
duty free. By the report of the Chief of
the Bureau of Statistics for tho! three
months ending September 30, 1830,; there
is seen a statement ot the imports oi
iron ore which shows a total of 425,000
tons, worth-$1,192,000. brought I from
every quarter of tho world, all dug by
pauper labor, and much of it eveu by con
vict labor as l am informed, nataoiy j m,
(KM) tons from the r reuch possessions in
Africa. This in preference to the ore dug
by free American labor in Alabama, len
nessce, Georgia, North Carolina, and eth
er States. It comes in as ballast in for
eigu bottoms, to the detriment of Ameri
can shin-owners. Iu fact Joe Smith's
Book of Mormon imports absolutely veri
ty by tho side of this cry of the protected
capitalists of the North for the protec
tion of American agaiust pauper labor.
The foreign pauper is in fact the spe
cial favorite of tho manufacturers, who
discriminate in his behalf whenever they
can possibly make anything by it. In
the first place they invite him here and
give him a homestead on the public do
main if he will settle upou it, whil they
deny this to eleven millions of their own
countrymen who cannot take the iron-clad
oath, citizens of the States thro' Whose in
strumentality chiefly that domain -was ac
quired. I In the next place, we see by the
reports of the consuls that there is a con
siderable and constantly increasing trade
with nearly all the countries ot the world
iu American-manufactures ; the meaning
of which is that they are Selling their
goods tpforeign paupers ',in competition
with British manufactures at about one
half the price thev sell the same goods to
their own countrymen at home. Ameri
can labor is taxed that foreign paupers
mav have our goods cheap. The most
distant and the most savage peoples en
joy this privilege over us. The cannibal
who dihes on Svdnev Smith's missionary
f .i- i.;if.i. ii riil niiiinn- but. t.hi cost
production, cuts him up with a free jack -
l-ni ft. fm- whipii nnr ivn nponlft ! would
have paid 6. per ceut. and salts him (if
he uses the condiments) with the salt for
the production of which we have piaid oG :
per ceut. It tho missionary disagrees
with him, ho has free dings for his medi
cation, Ion which, we pay a duty of from
2C to 100 per cent. As for the inhabitants
of the Sauwich Islands, 'we have a treaty
of absolute free trado with them; and
those deserving people are furnished at
half price with all they need of goods,
the manufacture of which is paid for by
the taxation of the American people.
They are all pauper according the pro
tectionist idea, but littio removed from
barbarism, and yet for the sake of helping
nnr nvinut'ii'Mn-i.Q tjt n. market' WA. 1tt 111
i,.ir f.- tr. break down the snirar
. . rr"-". v . ...
interests oi Louisiana, milieu is me pro
duct of American laoor. in me race oi
these facts t,e cry of protection to Amer -
icau laftor becomes the merest sham,
iJJL . ' : '' -
wic Tcnesj cant inai ever was .employed
m liiv Bivnii ct cu ui h nariv iiir.
by forcing their own countrymen to buy
irom tnem only, ana shutting off by an
act of Congress all possible competition.
Already they nse cheap Canadian labor,
ana to-morrow they, would fill their fac
torlea with Coolies and pig' tail 'Chinese
to the exclusion of American labor if they
were not fearful their establishments
would be .burned over their heads. Away
with this miserable pretext. . ,
As to the mext claim for protection,
that it builds op a home market, keeps
our money from going abroad, and in this
respect increases the national., wealth,
t.llArn in thin ti Ka nliiarvail Tn tltn fir:
place, it does not build up a home mar-
: ket, except for the manufacturer; iu the
second, place, it does cot increase the
public wealth in keeping our money at
home and forcing us to pay double prices
for all wef ueed. , The census up to 1870
shows tht the agricultural interests im
mediately adjacent to the factories have
increased in, the same proportion with tie
lactones themselves, so, that no additional
demand for fthe products of agriculture
frpni Other sections of ' the ' :country lias
- .i -f .vm r i ..T - .
lion tor the deception of mankind: seas of the earth. Jannn. fnrM nfdn.
' Tlla nuin irl.. 2. . ' . t . J . I
lied VVT , I " c"f!'r'Jm" uTnnmgo icm, wjwucu uer pons auu reversed me them off frorrthe markets of thr
,ca of the law. of po ideal economy by pur- policy of the Senator from Vermont, and h simply tJSS U iffij:
t chasingrery thing they use,, eypu to , ceneented to trade and let goods come in political economy, nor justkT nwS
their labrtr, in the unrestricted markets of from foreign porta. I have some recollec- UtationaHaw Uiostifft TStltlLlSfl
" w m v i ivutiiv vuvw iBTiD vivui 1 vivu w& niiaL biiu lLuiuiiiriiii il 1 n iub .ifn 1 in n n ta ra sim r..i'4i.v
been created by the growth of the other geuuemen represent, the iron interest, per cent.; ou his saw, 81 cents and TJQ per
interest, j No market was yet found for which is protected by a tariff varying ceut.; for his ax, 40 per cent.; for So
the teenting riches of our soil South, West, from 35 to 160 per cent.; railroad rails iron hoops which inclose his bale "of cot
Northwest, Southwest, at home. I R sold more than 100 per cent: Now, suppose ton when made. 11 eenrk' iir minnA V t
at all, they could not be purchased and
consumed oy tne three or -four minions
of the protected class ; they had to reach
out and find a market in the hungry world,
particularly among the despised paupers
of Europe. It was nfauy, many years be
fore transportation from the distant in
terior to ihe seaports was established ou
cheap au4 easy terms; and when their
products did at last reach the coast, they
found up American ships to take them
abroad sii they did in the days of a reve
nue tariff, and foreign ships- could not
bring in anything to exchange for them
by reason of "protection." The couse-
quenco of this obstructed and unnatural
state of tirade was, that the manufacturer 1
nau, indeed, a "home market" at his own
a 1 - I
price, both to sell and buy. iu. Foreign
products were absolutely shut off from
competition with him, and this iu turn
shut off foreign competition for our agri
cultural products. Truly, it is a lovely
home market for the manufacturer; sure
enough it keeps our money at home; that is
po say, jn the manufacturers7 pockets, not
iu the pockets of the people or in'the treas
ury, oi me people. The" Senator from
Vermont,! who so lately entertained us
with an elaborte and ingenious speech,
seems more in love with a home market
than any one I have ever met. The drift
of his argument, toward its conclusion,
was. that wo were raising entirely too
much cotton, too much wheat aud com,
and provisions generally,
"The South," lie says, "should curtail
its
cotton crop, and turn unfruitful capital
aud labor into other and more profitable
chanuelspf industry. The untrodden fields
where capital'and labor wait to be organ
ized for i the develonment of Southern
manufactures and mining offer uurivaled
temptations to leaders among men in
search of legitimate wealth." Of the far
mers of the West, he savs i
f-very ship-load of wheat sent abroad
tends to bring dowu foreign prices, and
such far off markets should be sought ouly
when the surplus at home is excessive,
or when foreigu prices are extraordinari
ly remunerative. - Certainly
we need uot be iu haste to slaughter aud
utterly exhaust the native fertility of our
fields on the cheap terms now presented."
Ihe meaning of all this plainly is, tor
the farmers of the South to raise no more
cotton than will supply the home market
that is, the New Englaud factories
and for the farmers of the West to grow
no more provisions than would feed the
operatives in those factories, and let the
great benefits of a foreign market, export
aud import, slin from our hands. What
a delightful nrosiect for a protected man
ufacturer ! The raw material and the run;
essaries of life at hie own price, and hi
wares protected against the competition
of all the world by a-tariff of over 50 per
cent. ! Mr. President, if the task were i'
posed on me of depicting a Yankee heav
en, l should say that this aeecriptioo.
ended my labors. Tho' utter absnrditr
of such a policy, viewed iu the light of
too true principles of political economy
is only equaled by its shameless semen
ness. Surely, Mr. President, I ueed not
invoke tho great names of that scienee of
sciences, of Adam Smith, John Stuart
Mill Fawcett Wells and the long list
which embraces the brightest of mankind,
to prove that a nation cauuot get rich by
tradihff with itself by a policy oi aoso -
lute exclusion. As well might we say
tho srinnlv of water in a house could lo
increased by distributing it around in
different vessels. Thero is a legend I
have heard which tho rabbis inform me is
not to be found in tho Talmud which says
that the three Hebrew children, Shadrach,
Mftfil.ftpk: and Abednecro. while ' in tlie
fiery furnace and excladed frdin the com
rwtitirtn of foreign paupers, swapped jack-
knives among themselves until each one
hd made a dollar aad a half and gtt the
best knife. 1 recommend this illustrious
instance of the benefits of a home market
to the prayful consideration of the Sena
tor from Vermont. iLAUguwr.j .
Surelv the Senator from Vermont can
rfimfinilHir the time when there was what
is called in the history of this country the
of Jaoah expedition. What was tiMtT
Ja-
1 pan was a nation of people toatn
extreme edff of Asia I do not k
the
now
whether it would be east or west from ur;
itisowinsr to which way you travel 1
suppose whether it would be east or west
..it tiifv wro ii neonie wno uau ioib-
nr.illMl the nolicv of the Senator from
Vermont and believed iu a home market,
and believed in chopping ofrallompeti
tion with foreigners. Their qwms were
closed no trade and no intercourse was
allowed with -the world. They were a
world unto4hemslves,and they had a right
to bei ,It was none of our business 11 mey
tViA not rph nroDer to trade! with usor
with the lest of world, They certainly
had a right to sit down and. enjoy ' the
i.Ua&infra of tt liomo market. But the
i "ri.i .nnntrtr t.imnoht otherwise.
( rV.i -i ii.. Tnrtn AviifiAn anil
iKiiiim us bu io w j v .w " -
i I llOU IIIIHi Sill I 1 lir alallftASI CALFVUIIIVU V
! Tliev fitted out the Japan expedition aud
i !i.-- wiir AnA n1ftAburr"thiR Stare
- sent ships of war and planted the Stars
- i bcui. ; T , s
aiiuoui---' -vw ,..v
. and they displayed from , thef . port -
of American ships, those remei-dous-Rin-
.: . - -
on whose roar lias been the fear as well 1
ha iiih Hiimimiinn ni munirind nn on ths
..v. iviuivuii. t I
The American Iron and Steel Aseocia-
ilSi?T!Lt .toOB!eM
rnnoo tli eniinfcrf ! th. t,5.-. ta,ifT
DaaiuK w ius urcat UCIICHLS BUOWerea
a W - y - -www www vvn I m.mm II 1 1 1 1 3W sau
I-r- j 1 i in mi - Ainericaa industry" turnis h
sta es among other things, "that it eom- ed last ysar $21135,903 toward the air
oelled Earon aIaa tn unit nm -itKn U I 'T.J.lrtt?'tM,r;?k
Aa tht. thtj mt praewTMl tb baluin
uu wur . TtT aoa wmn m great
cause 01 our prosper i anei tkts tbey
IT
was the result of the tariff. altUouffh tne
balance was entirely due to onproteeted
agricultural products 1 V ithout desiring
to do injustice to geutlemea whom I do
not know, I miut say, that whether this
assumption that our wealth was thus iu-"
creased because $65,000,000 in gold had
to be sent here to pay for Agricultural 1
preducts, instead of sending goods to be
exchanged therefor, was made through
ignorance or with a design to mislead,
long held me in doubt. It seems to me
that a tyro must know that the articles
represented by $65,000,000 would consti-1
. - z - T I
tute more wealth than the money itself,
but for the operation of the tariff. These
that sixty-five millions had had beeu ex-j
fui iu Europe ior sreei raus, it would
have purchased
nearly 2.000,000 tons.
which brought into this country: wenld
have added that much to the public
wealth. But coming in as it did in sold,
it would purchase but 1,000,000 toils from
this American-Iron aud Steel Association.
S,o the country is poorer by at least 1 ,000,-
000 tous of steel raiU, but the geutlomen
of this association are richer by $32,500,-
000, aud the Treasury has received not
one ceut and thev call this national
prosperity ! Shades df political ecouomv
where art thou !
In the same line is the reasoning of the
Senator from Vermont. In telling us how
. A. A. - 1 t .1 1
protection has lucreased the national
wealth, he instances steel. He says :
"No more or all sorts than 11 ,83d 'tons
was made in 1860, but 1,397,015 tousweTo
made in laSO' ? : '
The average price of steel rails for that
year and I presume steel bars and ingots
were not less were $67.50 per ton. Its
consumption therefore, at wholesale
rates, cost the people $04,293,512. Iu
England, minus the tariff, it could -have
been bought for about oue-half that sum,
say $47,000,000, or the same sum would
have put twice as much steel here for the
use of the people. And that is setting
rich ! Does not the Senator mistake things
when he useh the term -national" pros
perity T Did he not mean to say the pros
perity of the Bessemer steel monopoly t
Suppose Congress had appropriated the
money to buy that steel direetly from the
ireasury and given it to the people,
would that have increased the public
wealth f Can a nation just buy itself rich,
by taxation to make the purchases t If
so, what is to hinder as from becominsr
the richest people in the world, on the
principle that the more we buy and the
higher the price we pay the better T And
what is the difference between the direct
and the indirect methods of buying this
steel, so far as it bears on the question I
.if 4I.4. militia u.... 1 f 1. 4 I
of the public wealth f
If this idea of excluding all foreign
trade should prevail and tho South aud
Y est were to accept the policy of the
Senator aud grow uo bread oj out ton ex
cept for the home mar ket, it ; would be
interesting to inquire what would become
of ust And if we went to manufacturing,
us we are advised, what would become of
New Lnglaud ! Aud after we had au im
plied the home market where could we
ell aoythiiig else t How could: we then
pay high wages aud compete with pau
per labor if wecanuot do it uew f Aud
if we sent out u agricultural pmdne4s or
manufactures, would wo uot have to send
abroad gold for all we got f Such advice
of course i uot iu good faith ; it u only
a feeble effort to reconcile the people of
agricultural regious to a protective tar-
lit. What would become of' our foreign
trade if such an idea was earried out,
and wberd would go that balance of trade
created ior us by oax agricultural pro -
ducts aloue I Yet this wholesale luttvoual
ruin is gravely advised by tho disciples
of iM'Qtectiou. Que orator ia tkas triff
conveutiou wont so f ae to exyslaim:
"We do not want a market iu Liver- i
pool or in Manchester: but we want our
fod to be consumed by Americans, uuder
four own flag."
WJiicu sentiment was received with
1 Kifciiuuu niujjnmi. jiciuuuni.i
I was in favor of a home market if he did
not nave common sense.
Depicting the calamities that befell the
commercial world in 1873, the Senator
from Vermont wisely fails to tell us hew
such a thing happened uuder a protec
tive tariff. He only says, dogmatically,
that it would have been much werse if
we had been living under free trade aud
adds that "American workingmen found
some shelter in their homo market.'' -1
beg again to eerrect a certaiu looNoneas
of expression peculiar to all high tariff
men, and iuto which the Senator has
unadvisedly fallen. Of course, he did
not mean to leave the impression whioh
his words convey, that all "American
workingmeu" found that shelter from the
storm, but ouly that small fraction of
them who work in protected lactone
those who are within the
pale. Those
iicje, as the
without that privileged cu
Senator well knows, had no shelter what
ever, but were stripped to the bone to
furnish shelter for those who, in imita
tion ef the three tailors of Tooley street,
style themselves "tho American work
iugmeu." ; .
Admitting, as in common honesty they
are bound t"do, the abstract injustice of
taxing the many for the benefit of the
few, the protectionists confess and avoid
by saying that protection really helps all
classes by furnishing a homo market to
all, and enabling the manufacturer to
pay' higher prices to the agriculturist.
Now, if the three milliou people engaged
in mftnnfacturinir could consume all the
i surplus raised on our bounteous soil, in
- . a a
'nnr ii . a n i fi ce u t clunutc. uy-tne
, our,.magn
other
- ... --r - r
forty-seveu millions
fortvseveu
of
the: Americaui
r.iiil.l
be
some sense iu
;..'...
Ji1"1":, vail
But vre know thev tan
not, and the at-
theiinterests of
great mass of the rieoDlo to ithe tonTn'
lence and profit of a fraction by shuttlnj
needs "proteeUot dly Take
Lw cotton-planter :iu the
man IS a V Kmriaml muu. .... 11,1
loain. I llitt rrroat inA.-..-- T t
- ll Ik t 7 "IT" 1""
el, od own than all th mdfctar
04 pFoduets coMbined. iYet the iron and
sieel nnuaeturers gel their raw mate
ruil mostly and tkeir labor all free, 4d
tkelr products are protected by 1 a duty
raugmg rrom a to 180Ter cent, j How is,
it
wuu ne cotton-grower T In the first
piace lie pays all the taxes,. State,, (tnd
national, that all other citizens ate ref
quired to pay. When he starts Out in thA
spring to pitch his erop, on I his plow he
pays,50 per cent, ad valorom j his traced
chains to pull the plow, g cents per
pound; on his wagon, harrow, and other
irons, 50 per cent.; on Ins Jack-knifiCSO
per cent.; on the square by whichnhe
measures his work. U cent rwr MHA
and 30 per ceutad valorem ; on his' fifes
and rasps, 10 cents per pounp' and :5o
: . w UCI u
m . w m ,
his hammer, 2J per pound ; ! his wrought
naiu, cents per pound : his cat nail
H ceuts per pound ; hisJiorse-shoe natlsj,
5 conts per pound ; his tacks and "sprigs,
2 i cents per thousand ; for wood screwy,
from 8 to 11 cents per! pouud ; &!Lc$st -
iron hinges for his door, 2 cerits'per
pound ; ou his wife's sad iron, 1 i cents
per potxnd j on his cross-cut saw, 10 cents
per foot. All this, averaging nearly 00
per cent., lie pays to the lnliBylvahia-
iron and steel manufacturers, uot to the .
Government' Ou the baggiug1 forfTiis
cotton bales, he pay s-2 cents" per yard;
on his cotton shirt, 5 cents Iper yard and
10 per cent.; on his wife's calico fesL
5& 'ceuts per yard and 20 per feut.;aon .
her spool thread, i cent each and 30lTer
cent.; on the common stone-waro ofiijs
table, 25 per cent.-on his school Doyfs
slate pencil, 40 per cent.;; ou his, glass
tumblers, 40 per cent; on his sugar,and
molasses, 49 per ceut,; on " his coarse
blankets, about 95 per cent.; on his' wool
hat aud flannel shirt, about the sami
on his wife's- shawl, 50 cents per pound
and 35 plr cent., (over 100 per cent.;), on
his borax, 10 cents per pound ;is clck,
35 per cent.; his wife's; camphor, 5 cents
per-pound ; her gloves, 50 per.eeut.Tu(ur
pins, 50 per cent.; ou hiat glue, 20jer
ceut., his grindstone, I cent' per pound;
powder, 6 cents per pound aud 20 per
ceut.; suspenders, 35 per ' cent.; .rubber
boots for bad weather, 30. j per cent.; his
leather, 25 per cent.; his kerosin oil, 40
cents per gallon, in sickness his mor
phia is taxed $1 per ounce castor oil,
$1 per gallon, and his opium $1 per
pound. Even on. his fruit tress and his ,
garden and agricultural seeds he is taxed
20 per ceut. ad valorem. Nearly all of
this goes into the pockets of the maim- -facturers,
who claim thattheeplanteS-.-properity
is increased by this searching"
taxation ! Nothing is free to him. Notji
ing escapes this all pervading, inevitable,
protective tarirl certain us death, hun-
gry as the grave, uusaHsfiable as the sea.
li i. t:i.. i
From the time he sees the light until
that light is quenched iu tho eternal
darknesi that southern planter knows r
uo untaxed hour; or untaxed thing. He .
is enveloped in taxation, soaked, steeped,
and saturated in it; and yet his product
aloue exceeds by ifar in rvalue the'eojn
biued products of all the protected manu
factories of the Unifed States hi the list
of foreign exports, which are the chief
source of our national wealth. And yet
this poor deluded man, the cottou-plan-ter,"
is infinitely benefited by this enpr
moil taxation, if he ouly knew it ! Iu
some mysterious way, known only totho
esoteric disciples of protection, the more
money he pays to the manufacturer for
the necessities of his occupation the rich
er ho becomes! What a blessed thing is,
protective taxation, that thus gives and
receives wealth The protected man on
doubtedly gets rich, as hisj palaces and
summer seats testify. Ihe planter un-
1 doubtedly gets rich, says the Senator, uot-
withstaodinrr his comfortless home and
hard ruu surroundings tell a dtfTereut
taU. :'y I .
Now. if the taxation of " tho planter for
the pooketof tho manufacturer really
helps the planter, why would it net help
I the manufacturer to be taxed tor the
Iplanter's .beoeatT b appose we swap posi-
tions a littio while, just to leiirii now; it
mcth. wVVwv fu - v w
I bale on every bale of cotton used by jau
i Aiuenuau ivwijf, iui iua ciitguuiiucii
I of cotton planting T It would certainly
help the planter, enable him to pay uigu-
er wages to the "American labor" which
works his fields, and thereby enable him to
'Onpete with the pauper labor of Asia, ;.
Africa, and South America and it would r
enable the manufacturer to get higher
prices for all he has to sell, i That is tho j
protective sauce for the goose j'; why will -it
uot serve for the gander T It would
uot, as some might suppose, increase tjie
price of cotton good ; for a tariff cheap- -eus
goods whea placed on the mauuf.ve
tured articles, and of course it would pu
the raw material also. This is the pro
tective dctriue, at least, which converts,
taxation into a blessing and a means of
wealth. Let 'us bo truthful. . The whole. .
production of the Bessemer steel inonoplo.
ly in 1830 wasl54,4(W tons, which they
wcr. enabled by the tann to sell tor eo--,
72G,0T0. The increased price over Brit
ish rails which ihe tariff enabled them to
charge, and which may be, set down as
nearly clear profit, was $31,155,320. "Ac-
cording to an estimate of Mr. Spofford,
in tiie American Almanac, theuet'prefit
realized ou the cotton crop of -1875, the
chief staple of eleven States and at least
12,()iM),0()0 of people, was only $12,000,000.r
Coustrast-. this! with tlie profits of one
single monopoly, of iwi and steel, and
then undertake to make the cottwu jdaii- .
tem believe that they to are prospering
throngli the prosperity of ahait protected
monopoly! And yet if theso cotton plan
ters had been compelled to rely on this u
.......I. ...... r t a rl li.imu ii irlr'f ;iinl liAft IIOI
Jbceu able to reach out to the markets ol
temptto sabonli
it
-V
'! ...