North Carolina Newspapers

'Of Ine Carolina Watchman. WL"TflIRD SEEIES' SALISBURY. H. C, SEPTEMBER 25, 1884. HO 60 "a . . . MISCELLANEOUS An Old Man's Insanity. , JVfltty rt B''akfa8t Tahle- Boontok, N. J Sept. 12.-It was ft few minute- before 8 o clock this morning wlie the right venera ble William W. Messer came into the dining room of the Briggs cottage, in Boonton Park-;- pleasant, three gtory house, which he had rented for the season, and in which he lived with his wife and daughter Mary, a woman 20 years of age. Always careless of his attire, Mr. Messer was clothed only in a white shirt, thick trousers, and an alpaca coat of shiny black, His long white hair, of which he wav very proud, fell in tangled masses belowji is collarless neck. His w.Vie and daughor had just sat down to break fast when Appeared . The old in- '7 eccentric, and ate on Jatal a day, so they had not wfliteo i' 8 'ie down, in a low rock.. 'Hair at one end if a - . nnil fiulDnnnp1 fair. massive, ora.-"- - me up tuny a All in he small room from iiis pocket a heavy 38 eahbre. t revolver, "Papa," said 4 Qter, "put up l.Jeave the that Pistol or room. k "Leave and be damr3 said the old man who had an fovernable temper, of which he had lost almost entire control with advancing years he had -only a short time before celebrated his seventy-fourth birth? day. Miss Messer rose to her feet, and three steps took her into the front sitting room. As she crossed the threshold the gray haired man raised his weapon and tired. Mary fell face downward on the crimson carpet, and screaming with pain, turned and half rose. Her mother, a large, portly woman, had risen to her feet and was looking with terrified eyes at her husband. Seeming to reason with himself in au instant, he again raised the pistol and fired two shots at her. She ran into front room, closed the door, and sank into a chair. A mo ment later a 1'ourth shot was heard. The old man had put the pistol to his right temple and pulled the trig ger. The ba)j passeYl- through his head, spattering the papered wall with tiny specks of red. He fell forward dead, his white'loeks resting against the closed door, his shoulders in a pool of blood, and the pistol by his right had. The wounds of Mrs. and Miss Messer are fatal. Both mother and daughtcr'are spoken of in the highest terms by their neighbors. Of Messer's eccentricities many strange storjes are Jold. He Made a Little. ' Detroit Free Press. "Der clot hi np- neesness. he renlied. as he wiped his face with a red ban dana ami sat (own on a $2 trunk at the door, i( ! as vhat you might call blayed oudu It vhas hafd scratching to make a tollar." "But people wear clothes all the time." "Oxactly, but peoples haf changed a good deal. Some folks vhus all for style, and dey go to a tailor to get a fit. Odder peoples pny ready made clothing, but so many of us vhas in der peesness dot it vhas hard sledding. Eafery mans who come into my blaee expects to beat me down. Eafery man look der goots all oafer for col- fi un.d it vhas hard to deceive him." "What do you ask for that twoed suit." "Vhell, my first price on dot suit Was $14. After I talk for ten mju tttes I drop to $12. If der customer Pe?ius to pull out cotton fibers I m. der price $10, at vfcich put jy hand on my heart Und assure Itiui uot I lose oafer treetbllar." " "But if he doesn't take, it f ; ; ? Y-hel 1,1 go omit u nd my v h i fe Wis itto him for $9 as a great favor. W vhas ho more brofit in tweed flat. I haf to pay :$4 in Rochester." 4 suppose you make up on trunks satchel , "Make opp J Vhy, man, it vhas ot part of der peeness vhat ruins me! I,.ere! Here vhas a trunk mit a .EW'loek -u m all conveniences dot jask U for. If I doan't get so much Jd;i to $3. If der shentleniau says f vlnll look around t a leedle, i tell Z!l ke il !vg 12 but it vlias TT dot my children cry all n'gnt lonKt" i J ity I ,,u,st cost you nearly that." dr wood' mii. I ii-ir an uncle who made -work, a brudder who nut der lock a sister who tmnerK dpr nsid ? und my fadder screws on der bin DwiTc.; r y sweeping oudt my ees. n m 1 . .. ... - .luiej. vhas able to puy dot ,nnk for sixty cents." "Do Vrn I . j-v ever jet a customer go out tout buvimr?" letr. Vhell, Id 1 j uo.in rcmemhor o . 1 n . . i a .1 "w'araity. if aW I can't sell binL my vhife conies in und trie it. If she can t sell him, her sister comes in und speaks like an angel. Sometimes a man vhas shai-D a tteel. Hp an $18 suit for 12. He knows dat we haf to sacrifice, pecause our stock vhas too large, mid he hangs off und peats around t, und 1 finally close der bargain und assure him dot I leaf for County House to-m.irrow." "And you lose " "Vhell, dot suit cost me $5.25 in Rochester J" "I guess you'll pull through." 4I hope so. You see, I 1 if oop stairs to save house rent, I keep no clerk to embezzle from me. I use some kerosene to save gas. My rent vhas low pecause I vhas a good ten ant. I haf aunts und uncles und brudders in der clothing und trunk peesness. I vhas acquainted mit Van detbilt und Gould. I piy vheu its vhas hard times. I discpunt my own paper. All dis vhas werry favorable for my peesness, and it vhas dose reasons dot makes me offer you a complete suit of dot French broad cloth for $22. I assure you dot it vhas der greatest bargain in der "worTd." "And that suit cost you " "Seven dollars in Rochester, but if you pay $14 fare to Rochester and back, lose two days und vhas out $4 for hotel bill how much you raakey eh ? You must think of dose things." The Agricultural Don't. Don't settle down to the belief that red clover wou't growjni the hum. Try it. Don't believe that berries aud the lar ger fruits are not wholesome in the fami ly but save health and obtain pleasure cheaply by planting all that will grow. Don't fix the fence partly to-day with a promise to do it better next week. That time does not come until damage to be regretted has been done. Don't be content with half a crop when . i - i . a nine more moor win oring a tull one. Don't try to get something out of noth ing. Don't wait too much on the weather. Don't go off dissatisfied because you don't get rich by fanning iu a year or two. Don't discourage .your children by con stant complaints about your farm busi ness. Don't buy a farm tool until you know jast how j-oti can pay for-it. Don't go fishing as long as the axe and hoe need sharpening. Don't forget that if you waste no time Uu intending to them, your crops will grow nights and Sundays. Don't abolish farm accounts, but make each cultivated field pay something above expenses annually. Don't forget that a very few acres iu fruit will often pay all the expenses of an average family Don't use "cuss words" with 11113' ex pectation of making them mend broken harness. Southern Cultivator. Facts and Figu r . The following condensed statement of the material progress-of the South we clip from the trade issue of the New Orleans Times. It shows: "From 1876 to 1883 the assessed wealth of twelve Southern States increased $640,707,028, an average of $160, 176,757 per annum. The assessed value of these States in 1874, com pared with 1883, is as follows:" Alabama, $ 177,000,000 $I35,12G,1I8 Arkansas, 150,500,000 133,179,377 Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, , Carol iua,. IS. Carolina, 60,500.000 315,275,000 401,250,000 200,000,000 137,029,094 225,200,000 150,511,880 237,908,877 580,000,000 340,000,000 55,24,3ll 303,J5,000 374,554,079 202,738,802 120,754,927 301,821,287 145,483,019 Tenuessee, 220,037,073 527,500,000 Texas, Virginia, 320.000,000 Total, $2,987,834,801 $2,788,115,883 The increase of wealth during the year has been 205,718,978 as com pared with an increase for the four pieced i irg year oJf $i 604 7,757, sho w- ing coniHHjeu improvement., jso see tiou of the country can make a bette showiiiir than this. Within this time these States have all been under Democratic administration and theijf prosperity is due iu the main to the wise and honest management of their a tfa ( rs. Charlotte Observer. ' Longevity of the Sexes. jSome interesting researches have recently been made by the director of ttie bureau of .statistics at Vienna to de term ine the comparative longevity of men and women, and ascertain the causes of any difference that may ap pear, lie finds that out of 103,831 individuals who have passed the age of niuety years, 70,308 aire women, while only 42,528 are men. - In Italy he finds "241 alleged centenarian wo men, and bntT41 men of that age. The fact that of children who reach the age of ten years there arc more females who seem to be well estao fished, and that the disproportion iu Liuinlx-rs grows greater as the years of their 1 lie advance is equally certain. The number of male births exceeds the female by 4 per cent. Farm Life. It is a common complaint that the far in and farm-life are not apprecia- ' ted by our people. We long for the ! more elesrant pursuits, or the ways and fashions of the town. But the farmer has the most sane and natural occupation and ought to find life sweeter if less highly seasoned, than any other. He alone, strictly speak ing, has a home. How can a man take root and thrive without land ? He writes his history upon his field. How many ties, how many resources he has ! His friendship with his cattle, his team, his dog and his trees; the satisfaction in his growing crops, in his improved fields ; his intimacy with Nature, bird and beast, and with the quickening elemental forces ; his co-operation with the cloud, the sea sous, heat, wind, rain and frost. Nothing will take the various social distempers which the city and artifi cial lite breed out of a man like farm ing like direct and loving contact with the soil. It draws out the poison. It humbles him, teaches him patience and reverence, and restores the pro- per tone to his system. Cling to the farm, make much of it, put yourself in it, bestow your heart and your brain upon it, so that jt shall savor of you and radiate your virtue after your day s work is done. ocrtbner 9 Mouthy. Eat in? Fruit. One of the best evidences that the American people of this ereneration live better than their fathers did is found in the steady and rapid growth of the trade in tropical fruits. It is not many years since the great ma jority of people scarcely knew what a banana was, and considered oranges and lemons as luxuries to be afforded only in sickness or on great occasions. Now, not only these but other tropi- 1 j t . 1 cai fruits are bought ana eaten ai- 9 most as generally and freely as apples, ami consumption of melons, peaches, pears, plums and berries is on the 1 a 1 same universal ana extensive scale. This ...is a change which tends not 1 . . .. only to cratifv the taste out to pro- mote health, which is the foundation of human happiness and is of advan tage to everybody. There is little danger that any community will spend too much money for ripe aud sound fruit. Manchester (N. H.) Mer cury. A Rifle's Long Shot. Melvina Butler, a young woman of 24, while busy in the kitchen of her home, No. 308 Meridian street, Last Boston, just before 9 o'clock this af ternoon, was shot and almost instant ly killed in what at first appeared to be a most unaccountable way. She was leaning over the stove when a bullet came crashing through the window and struck her squarely in the left breast. She leaped in the air 1 . 1 1 1 i . a 1 e ana men ieu 10 me noor, auu a tew seconds afterward died. It was ascer tained that the siiot was fired by a sentry at the Charleston Navy Yard, a mile away. CH ANQING OUR FARMING WHYS. We, iu this immediate sec tion, are rapidly getting out of the cotton groove. Rice, oats and corn are becoming a factor in our agricul tural prosperity much greater than is by many supposed. Above here the tobacco crop is taking the lead of all other crops, and in some sections of the State wheat-growing is attaining a decided foothold, and the making of hay is beginning to dawn upon us and will in no distant day take rank with any of the productions of the Statc.-rs-'Afapfcrn Journal. The Dietary Lav of the Jews. As always, the Jews of Ton I in and Marseilles have escaped the ravages of the cholera. Of the Jewish com- m unity of 4.000 souls in Marseilles, onlv seven have been seized with this disease. Two of these seven were life long invalids; another ninety seven years of age, and two others had not observed the Jewish law. The Amerjcan Hebrew, of New York, ascribes this comparative immunity to the dietary laws of Judaism, and lifts up its vujc.a against "the unclean oaal feeding things of land and sea," which Christian epicures prize so highly. A Corpse op Stone. Mr. Alsa Mitchell, of this county, died last week. His wife died about six years ago and was buried on the plantation. Mr. Mitchell requested to be buried at fell's church, aud desired' his wife's body to be exhumed and placed be side his, and when they dug into her grave her body was found to be as firm and solid as a rock, having be come petrified. Her features were not 1 iii shrunken ana her tace was as tull as a healthy live person's. Her dress looked as natural and perfect as when she was first buried. It is a remark able' case of petrifaction. Chatham Itecord. Children as an Exhibit. Mr. David Ker, writiug to the -it- 9 Bowl suggests that the school chil lren f .New. Ileria N brought to the Ap,.t.w, .c 0,0 m .1 ,, ' articles were presented by Napolean If we are to .be judged by the world to Mme. Murat, and descended to her under that .edict which isays "By their granddaughter, Mme. Stef, of Talla fruits shall ye know them " we could ha8See, Fla., who, finding herself in not offer to the world any higher ev- ' reduced cireumsUnces at the close of laenceoi our civilization eon puuuc spirit than the scores of well behaved sp and healthy children who are receiv ing education free of charge, at our public schools. But, besides our de sire to show to the world our healthy and intelligent children, we should embrace this golden opportunity for letting the rising generation see, at one view, all the world and its pro ducts. Who knows that there is not, amongst the children of Iberia, a fu ture Hum bolt, or Rubens, a future Edison, or Eads, or Pasteur, a future De Steal, or Hemans, or George Sands, whose ambition and future usefulness will have been inspired by the re membrance of what he or she had seen at the World's Exposition, at new wrieans, in iboot a cnance 10 see what the world has done and is doing may stimulate our children to exert themselves for the attainment of some worthy object not before thought of. Think of Such Sweetness and Cruelty. The Elizabeth City Falcon says that you may travel for miles in a tolerably thickly settled portion of Tyrrell county, and every house you see has a yard full of bee-hives from twenty-five to two hundred. The way the people there manage it the bees are not the slightest expense be yond getting a rude box or section of a hollow tree for a hive. The im proved hive and the glass boxes for honey are not used. Yet we are told by these people that each hive nets them about four and a half dollars. When the honey is taken every bee in the hive is killed. All that is nec essary is to set up hives. The whole country is full of bees. A Paid Orator. The Fayettville -Sun says that Pres ident Gray of the Cape Fear & Yad kiu Valley Railroad, in company with Hon. Geo. M. Rose, went on business to Bennettsville, South Carolina, and stopped at Shoe Heel. The band ser enaded them and called on Col. Gray for a speech. The Colonel responded by saying that he was no speaker but that Mr. Rose was employed by him to do his talking; whereupon Mr. Rose made a talk in which he review ed the works of Col. Gray, lauding him iu swelling eulogy throughout. This brought President Gray to his feet in explanation, that Mr. Ro9e was not employed to make that kind of speech. A good business man has geen trac- 1 n 11. a 1 I a a a I nig a circle ot aeots to illustrate me present scarcity of money. A mer chant owes a bank ; a farmer owes a merchant ; another farmer owes the first farmer : a tenant owes the second farmer. Well, these are in his per sonal acquaintance. Now if the ten ant (upon whose success a good deal of money depends) were to fail, the failure would 111 all probability be felt all the way back to the banker. It is a somewhat treacherous compli cation. The commission appointed by the Presideut to make a special study of the international aud trade relations W T m . 1 r . a existing between the United otaies and the Central anil South American States, and report thereon, consists of Geo. H. Sharpe, of New York ; 1 hos. C. Reynolds, of Mississippi ; Solon O. Thatcher, of Kansas ; Secretary, Hen ry L. Thomas, of the District of Co lumbia. The commissioners will re ceive 7,000 a year. Mr. Butner. the venerable host of T I P J the famous Salem hotel, died last week, in a green old age beloved by many a summer wanderer and all his ac quaintances. He was born iu 1800, at Belhania, N. Q. IJe came to Sa lem at the age of thipteeu to learn the hatter's Irade. Ab'uit 1823, he was employed at the Salem Hotel, with which, at varying intervals, in one way or other, he was counseled till the close of his life. A Hint op Editorial Fun. The two bare-headed dudes, whose capers on the streets were noticed last week, came into the office on Friday morning each armed with a cowhide, with the avowed purpose of cowhid hiding the editor, but an ink paddle did the work for them and they got duwu he steps faster than they came up.r- Monroe Enquirer. Au old farmer who wrote to an editor asking how to get rid of moles, received the replj : "Plough tbeui out," auswered back, "Can't do it. It's m Uiy S'11' nose, A set of gold teaspoons and desert knives bearing the monogram and coat-of-arms of Napoleon I., are in the possession of the wife Capt. J. B. Johnson, of Pine Bluff. Ark These the war, wae compelled to sell them, nnrl thpv WM ..Mi,0 k.. r. and they were purchased by Capt. uounson 10 r $ZUU. Jay Gould says that the Southern States are increasing their products oeyona all precedent. Cotton man ti factories are being establis directions, and in Florida 1 lled in all manufacto ries of furniture, etc., are numerous : things they used to depend on the North for exclusively, they now make ftr themselves. The S uth possesses in her varied and valuable woods the basis of enor mous future wealth. The manufac ture of cabinet woods and furniture 111 the Sontll f in Iw nvulu rtno nl' Uaw j lading industries, as the material is almost unlimited and Hip rtr ,nw. er tor factories abundant. Southern Lumberman. The cholera still prevails with fearful mortality iu Italy and in certain districts f France. On the 15th 733 fresh cases aud 270 deaths within the last 24 hours were reported iu Italy. POLITICAL. A Nice Set, Truly. Negroes aud white men in county convention at Raleigh, and a general quarrel betweeu them, when police have to be called in to preseve peace. And that is the crowd that want to get possession of the government of North Carolina. Any decent white man who favors and co-operates with such a crowd ought to be ashamed of himself. White men and negroes ac cuse each other of being bribed and bought, and yet they are the fellows who want to take the offices from de cent, white tax-payers ! The notori- I ous negro, James H. Harris, was nom finaled as one of the Republican can didates for the House in Wake. Char. Home. Iu several of the Republican coun ty conventions held this year the pro ceedings have been almost as scanda- O m lous as were those of the convention in Wake. They cannot govern themselves and yet they want to gov ern the white people of a great State. Stateville Landmark. The Knthiisiiism for Clay. Cor. Atlanta Constitution. I asked Dr. Miller if the enthusi asm for Blaine at the Chicago conven tion equaled the feeling for Clay to whom he has been compared. "No," he replied ; "nothing I think will ev er equul that. When Clay was beat en, there were men who went crazy from grief, and men who died of grief. I remember one story that was very touching- A printer, who was a deaf- mute, was deeply interested in Clay's election. He could not speak or hur rah of course, but he attended every meeting.. His earnestness was such that he was at length selected to carry the flag in all processions and paradis. When it was fully settled that Clay was defeated this young fellow was missing. He was found some days afterwards, in the woods dead, with his Has wrapped about his body. Whis incident is tvpical ot the terrible, .11. tragic earnestness of that campaign. STANDS AT THE HEAD! THE LlGIIT-nUN'XlXG "DOMESTIC. ) -ri,t it ic the acknowledged Leader ia a fact that cannot be disputed. MANY IMITATE IT. NONE EQUAL IT. The Largest Armed. Til. I.i.rlitest Running. The Most Beautiful Wood Work and'is warranted To be made of the best material. To do auy and all kinds of work. t- ho coniDlete in every respect. Agents wanted in unoccupied territory uistip SEWING MACHINE CO., . Richmond, Va i iw Trr.iTTTZ & RENDLEMAN '84-36;ly. Salisbury, N. C .T ohn Sheppard. r. A.. KLUTTZ'S WAREHOUSE For the Sale of Leaf Tobacco Salisbury, Jfrrth CarotHHa FARMER'S REMEMBER KLUTT'S WAREHOUSE has sold THREE FOURTHS of all the Tobacco sold on this market this season, and can show the highest averages for crops and a general average second to none ii tk State for the same grades of Tobacco. Kluttz's Warehouse Is the BEST LIGHTED, BEST . 1 . 1 1 1 t nmATk a s-m -w-. a. Mm piace mat nas BTUKAttJS ROOM FOR If you want the HIGHEST PRICES for your Tobacco sell at KLUTTZ'S WAREHOUSE where you will always find a full turn-out of anxious buyers. JOHN SHEPPARD, the Champion Tobacco Auctioneer of Westi obth Carolina, has orders for Tobaccos and will pay HIGHEST PRICE for all grades from the Ground Leaves to Fancy Lemon Wrappers. f DAILY SALES. HIGHEST PRICES GUARANTEED. Your friends truly, SHEPPARD, SWINK & MONROE. Salisbury, N. C, June 4th, 1884. PARSONS'i And Will completely chance the blood In the HM Who win take 1 PU1 each night from 1 health, if snch a thing: he possible. For Female Physicians use them for the cure of LIVER and KIDNEY diseases, gold everywhere era by maU tot 20c in ttmmptu Circulars free. I. 8. JOUN80.S a CO, Boston. UmZ DIPHTHERnA JOHNSON'S ANODYNE LINIMENT Instates of the Spine. Sold everywhe re. Circulars tree. ot, nacKiiur 1 oupn, v nooping iion, enronic inarrntea. It is a welt-known fact that most of t tie Horse and Cattle Powder sold In t h is conn try Is worthless; that Sheridan's Condition fowder Is absohi te ' v pure and v rrv raluable. Nothing on Earth will make hens lay like Sheridan's Condition Pow der. Dose, one tsatpoonful to each pint of HOB. II also positively urevent and cure I Hoe vsiiwswss wiiwssBjiirtiiyimianiRi. t vwow Dec. SO, l883.10:ly FACE'S WAREHOUSE ! UNION STEET, - - Is now opened and ready for business We havt one of the LARGEST Warehouse ever built. FOR THE SAL.E OP LEAP TOBACCO in the best leaf market in A. Trial I AA Wo Ask. Snjf" Prompt returns and close personal attention to consignments. Correspondence Solicited. M. DAVIS Frtiire Dealer, uphoistere ISflLllisaMsJtaeBN AND PARLOR SUITS, 35 to IC CHEAP BEDS, $2.50. FINE LINE OF CARPETS. Se wine Machines Weed and Hartforrh U ACTIVE AMD AS tX rSt I ' IV. I I I .a t- to toll BIBLES. Ministers, teaotters anu oioers, wmnw w t nrnmnd with us. To farmers' sons -nd other . ... . btrii ..... off. r. manv a'lTantei. both ns a rneano of isto B. F. JOHWSOI CO. 1 i v iz. psj.. w. c.coart, sc Total Assets, $710,746.12i A Home Company, Seeking Home Patronage 3T&QNG, ! F&OXFT. RELIABLE, LIBEEAL. Term Ptiliciea written on DwelHng. Premiums payable One half cash and bal anoo in twelve months. J. ALLjEN" BBOWN, Agt., -nm. SalUbur-, N. C. X. J. Monrc e. ARRANGED and the only ho . ; PLANTER'S TOBACCO. Swink. use in t U mm PURGATIVE PILLS fer x a r entire to IS 1 in three months beteetoredto PUls here no Complaints Croon, Asthma. Bronchitis. Ci. Rheumatism. JOU.NftO.VM a(. )VNK l.l.M.M IN I (for Jr.lerualand EUtmt Vte) will tnfaiitnii(!,ioslT reuVvv n ,-,e irrriblo ditt-axes, :.) mill pitive!r cur nine case nut of t-n. Information thin will avr mavy lirn sent free ly msll. iKm't iklaj a Wtjjmm cures inflHMa. BfeedHw t the LnnP. nnane. 1 rtu mum w vcucr wan Cure. I. S. JOHNSON CO.. Boston, aiass. jn-jeniery. noi "holers Unrliu. Ki.lnc i n.iil.u.. -- MAKE KENS LAY Cholera. &e. Sold everywhere, or sent hv mall fnrKe.ist - DANVILLE, VA and most COMPLETF the United States, Pace Bros. & Co PROPBS. UNDERTAKER. FINE WALNUT SUITS, i Cottage Suits, 20, 25 and ? Wqyih fire Messes, IH, WTELLIGE5T lnJ,T'7Jf,w5 our -"-r -rT" . " ion thi. yonn m jnst emisf on tap mmJfjl lHm tJMj 4. .11. u... A .HI ill 4 11 ! Iki latesaj rurULAK niw duusb asm iaun making I cultnre. Writ for i,oi If hfQHT S INDIAN V EGETABU PH' mm thk . . LIVER And all 3 lious Com' la.p' Me lt t;k Ix-lti ptirHy vrwea'Me; noit tug. h-io- & eU. Ail Ur.KKlnn. SAVE YOUR FEUTi Scarr's Fruit Preservati Without the use of Sealed Cans. CHEAPEST and ONLY 8UR1 K KNOWN. Perfectlt Harmless. and try it. At ENNISS Obu rof l:tf. Notice To Creditors! All persona having claims agains estate of J. N. Dobbins, dee'd, are h not i tic 1 to exhibit the same to the Ui signed on or before the 10th day oj 1885, or this notice will be pleaded : of their rccoverv. J. f. Uoms, Adni- ifj4 N, Ik&bins, July 7th, 1884. 3t;v a -