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SEED CORN STORAGE.
A Wetern Corn Home Constrvctcl
on New Lines.
'A full sized model of a seed i corn
Btorage house that is in constant use on
a .Scott -county (111.) farm "was display
ed. the 1905 Illinois state fair. It is
depicted in the cut from the Orange
Judd Farmer, which says in regards to
the method of construction:
The house is 18 by 30 feet and meaa
ures nine, feet under the eaves. The
frame Is made of T. by 3 uprights, and
the slats for holding the ears of corn ia
MODEL SEED CORN STORAGE HOUSE.
. r .
place are 1 by 14 inches, placed three
and a half inches apart, up and down.
This house holds 500 bushels of ear
corn , in ttie, racks, and there is space ;
for - saving 150 to 200 bushels in the
atticso to speak.
The house is three , feet above the
ground and set on posts ten inches in
diameter, surmounted on the top by
tin, 'so that it is' mouse proof. It is
covered With weatherboarding on ths
outside, has a window in each end, a
ioor and two windows on ech side,
with a window in each gable. In the
floor there are three or four openings
made " by taking up three boards.
These places and. the lower windows
are covered with wire netting to pre
vent the entrance or rats and mice. A
cupola on the roof, with slats in . the
sides, completes the ventilating scheme.
Particular attention is called to the
necessity of having a free circulation
of air. . . This is accomplished by the
openings fn the floor and windows.
With that arrangement Mr. Grout, on
whose farm the house is built, states
that'he has had no trouble in securing
aMsaplete drying out of his seed corn.
He especially emphasizes the necessity
ofnifaviiig the openings in the floor, as
these.Jnduce perfect ventilation.
Should the weather Te warm and
wet during the harvest period or later,
before the corn is thoroughly dried, a
small -stove may ; be used to heat the
air and cause circulation. Around the
base aV twelve inch board is placed.
This completes the house and makes
it one of the most effective in Illinois.
If your seed is dried out thoroughly
far this way before the cold weather
sets in the percentage of kernels that
will not germinate is reduced to the
minimum. :
. , Wintering; Ca bbagrea.
A method for wintering cabbages
for spring use is to stand them, roots
up, in rows upon the ground in a well
drained spot and' cover them with
ridges of earth. If you want to keep
them from freezing, so you can get at
them any time during the winter, an
other method must be employed. Leave
the cabbages outdoors as long as safe,
then put them into a barn or other
.outbuilding and let them get thorough
ly chilled, but not frozen through;
then cover them with straw, hay or
chaff enough to; prevent them from
freezing solid, or 'you may put them
in a heap outdoors, cover them with a
roof of old boards straw and. earth.
The Bides of the . structure may be
simply stuffed with plenty of straw
or dry forest leaves.
Fattening; Hogs.
A number of experiments in fact,
f-r nearly aliundred show that to prodmce
I 100 pounds of gai6 on the hog in the
f . fattening pen it takes an average of
" eitheij 435 pounds of corn, 529 pounds
of Kaffir corn, 472 pounds of oats, 439
pounds of peas, 452 pounds of wheat or
432 pounds of mixed grain. This shows
that hogs make a more profitable gain
on a ration of mixed grain. The above
figures are from pens where nothing
- but grain was fed no pasture or green
feed was given. In the Kansas station
an acre of alfalfa hay produced 776
I pounds of pork -Without grain. This
show that pasture has an important
part to play In the ration for hogs and
that gains can be made more eco
nomically on dry lot feeding. Ex
Change. Handy Addition to Farm Wagon.
Here is a handy addition to, a farm
wagon, figured by' Farm Journal a
step added to the rear end of a farm
wagon by means of two stout iron sup
ports. This step
will prove a
-great xiomfort. It
saves a lot of
strain in getting
inland out of the
.wagpnlwhen un
1 o a ding, and
when one is lift
ing boxes, bas
WAGON STEP.
kets or bags In or out it is a halfway
place on which to rest. Then, too, one
can tip a box or barrel over-on edge
against the step and then lift the other
end and tip it Into the wagon. One
. person can easily load boxes and bar
. rels in this way and not lift much
jxutn than half weight at any Hum.
PASTURING CATTLE.
Chana-e of Field Should Be Avoided.
Winter Feedina.
There is an old, saying that change
of pasture makes fat; calves, but, like
many another wise saw, this has more
sound than sense. -Cattle never gain
flesh when in a field new to them.
Three or " four days pass before they
become accustomed to their new sur
roundings and settle in their regular
round of habits. ; If moved f romiane
field to another adjoining, the same
restlessness will appear, although if
a gate between the two fields be left
open they will pass from one field to
the other without the sign of uneasi
ness. Introducing strange animals in
to a field occupied by a herd will cause
the same disturbance.! Tne social posi
tion of each newcomer must be settled
by much fighting and more threatening
before the chief business of their lives
can go on quietly and comfortably.
Having got a herd together, it would
be advisable as far as'posslble to avoid
changing from field to field and sud
den changes of diet. Such changes are
almost certain to "throw the cattle off
their feed" or lead (them to overeat
with more disastrous; results.
'If the intention is to feed cattle in
the winter months, attention should be
given to providing a feed lot in which
they may be fed comfortably and prof
itably. Much will be gained by pro
viding shelter to prevent tbem from
shivering away the; flesh they have
slowly gained. Less of food IS needed
for merely keeping up the animal heat,
and the animal will eat and drink
more wnen sneiierea irom vuumg
winds and warmed by the sun's rays.
It is. especially important that the
Bunlight should reach the stock early
m the' day, "for, even when there is lit
tle perceptible warmth in the rays,
there is in them that which enlivens
the spirits of beast as well as man.
It has been found that cattle fatten
better in an open field, exposed to the
winds from every point of the" com
pass, than they do in fields in the midst
of timber, where the sun's rays seldom
or never reach them. Salt should be
placed where every beast in the herd
can easily reach it. By 'this plan the
crowding and fighting will be avoided,
and the animals will be much better
for it W. J. Grand, Cook County, 111.
Care of Breeding- Ewes.
We feed our breeding ewes liberally
with roots and plenty of clover hay,
says a writer in the American Agri
culturist. We have large, well venti
lated sheds and let the ewes have plen
ty of exercise, keeping them out of all
storms. It does not do a sheep any
good to get wet. We aim to have our
ewes in a good healthy condition, al
ways use the best rams we can secure
and mate them with the ewes early in
the season. We find that early lambs do
far better than late ones, provided they
can be cared for properly. We cull our
lambs and flocks carefully each year,
sending all inferior animals to the
butcher's block. e '
THE SWINEHERD
It is demonstrated by all experiments
that in the making of pork at low
prices the various species of pasture
grasses are the most beneficial, cheap
est and most useful of the many foods
on which the hog subsists. The ani
mal which can make the best use of
them is therefore the most suitable for
general purposes.
To Load Hoa-s.
Handy devices for loading hogs are
numerous. Here is the best one I
know, says a writer in Kimball's Dairy
Farmer. I have tried the portable
chute, the hog yard chute and some
others, but this beats them all. My hog
house U built on a slight side hill. The
hogs go in on the ground level. I back
the wagon up to a door on the opposite
side and drive the hogs in without any
chute. It is much easier to drive a hog
oh a level floor than up an incline. If
you have a low wagon this can be man
aged with almost any hog house by
digging two trenches for the rear
wheels, thus letting the hind end of the
wagon down to the level of the door.
A neighbor has one pen with a floor
about a foot higher than the rest of the
house. There is an outside door in this,
and. he backs the wagon up to it and
loads in that way. By feeding in this
pen several times it is an easy matter
to handle the hogs. There is an easy
incline leading from the other house to
this, so the hogs do not have to climb
around any. Anything that makes it
possible to load fat hogs with little dis
turbance is worth considering.
Housing' tne Pia-s?
In a paper read at the Iowa swine
breeders' meeting W. Z. Swallow, a
swine breeder for forty years, said:
"1 have had lots of experience with
pigs in little houses and big houses and
with stoves. Now I use no stoves and
no big houses. I did not find any ad
vantage in farrowing houses. They al
ways get too cold. It is hard to keep
artificial heateven. . Where you keep
five or six sows and litters together it
is hard to keep them all warm aad not
get them sjtirred up. One in a place is
a good deal better than the other way.
With a small house covered with straw
except a door on the south side, with
wings on each side of it so that when
the door is open the breeze , cannot get
In, you will have better luck, and the
heat of the sow will be warmth enough
in the house. They will get plenty of
air. and sunshine from the door. With
houses like this I have had sows far
row seven and eight pigs in the cold
weather and be all right. They are
cheaper than the big houses. A nice
&QUM will coat about $7 or $8 now,"
.! --
Breeding the
Modern -Percneron
8
I : t ... a
The modern Percneron stands sixteen
hands high and over, weighs from 1,700
to 2,200 pounds and is White, gray or
black in color. He has an intelligent
head of a type peculiar to the breed,
rather small ears and- eyes; short,
strongly muscled heck; strong, . well
laid shoulders and chest; a plumps ro
tund body; strong back, heavy quarters
and somewhat drooping croup. He
usually is low down and blocky, on
short, clean legs, devoid of feather and
has well shaped, sound hoofs.
The pasterns in some Individuals of
the breedincline to uprightness and
size of bone and development of ten
dons are somewhat deficient. The ac-
A .GOOD TYPK Off DBAJT HORSE. '
This is the type of horse that is wanted
for moving1 freight in ull cities.- There is
money value in every colt of this class.
tionof a Percherdn is usually fast at
a trot and fairly straight and sprightly
at the walk. The best individuals have
superior all around action. The objec
tionable individuals roll In action of
fore legs or slough1 at the walking gait.
Stallions having oblique pasterns -and
action . free from the! faults noted
should Toe selected by breeders.
Tne draft norses or, France more
than those of any other country have
had a beneficial, ameliorating effect
upon our native horse stock. The Per
cheron breeds true to breed type, al
though Individual prepotence Is some
what lacking. He has become popular
because of-his docile disposition, easy
keeping qualities, clean, hairless legs,
activity " and general adaptability to
many purposes' upon the farm and in
the city. Percherons ofthe heaviest
weight and largest frame beget from
suitable mares horses adapted for
heavy draft purposes. In general use
they have also stocked the country with
horses of somewhat lighter butld, in
cluding excellent expressers, farm
chuak and general purpose animals.
Where the blood of this breed predom
inates in a district no other breed
should be used. Continued breeding in
a right line is highly advisable and will
, result in the production of practically
pure bred horses of great usefulness
and value, says a writer in Farm, Field
and Fireside:
Breeding? the Horna Off.
Professor Spillman of the department
of agriculture in his recent address
said it is only a maJer of time under
the application of MendelPs law of
heredity oh animal breeding when the
horns may be bred off cattle, and he
said: "The operation of the law is ab
solute and certain, and in getting rid
of the horns of any breed of cattle it is
only necessary to apply the principles
of the law and fbe horns disappear,
never to return, unless the breeder de
sires to grow them again. One of the
first items in the application of this
law is to find what characteristics are
possible to be transmitted. In cattle
horns and color can be transmitted."
The same law of breeding, he said, ap
plies to plants, , etc. It Is the same law
by which Luther Burbank of California
Is governed in breeding up plants, flow
ers, etc. selection and mating in ani
mals according to characteristics and
pollinization in plant breeding and se
lection. A Great Hereford Sire.
Pretorian, the great Hereford bull,
here reproduced from the Orange Judd
Farmer, is owned by F. A. Nave j of
I HEREFORD BULL PRETORIA!. .
. Indiana, a noted breeder with a repu
tation for high class stock of the very
best quality. Pretorian is one of the
world's famous Heref ords.
Improvement In Breeding.
The first thing for the breeder to
recognize is that all of the animals
which we know today have been de
veloped by a process of evolution from
previous animals of an inferior quality;
The next thing is a1 recognition of the
forces which have kept that process in
operation 'until they have brought
about the results which we now. see.
And the third step is to keep those
forces acting continuously in a desired
direction so that each step may be a
forward step. With such knowledge
properly applied the practice of breel
Ing animals will be as certain in it- -suits
as are the results of onCllu
manufacturing processes, ami th
at which improvement will be sec
will exceed anything the world hn L
Men. Professor C. JL. Hedfield.
Tfeose of Fw" fsuaiyW Cement) For
Small Herds. , ,
While the cement floor may bet the
ideal one for the hogpen, as claimed
Jjy many; - swine breeders, our experi
ence has been tnat tne noor or eann, u
It is of clay and gravel, will answer the
purpose equally well with a small num
ber of swine, says a writer in Ameri
can Cultivator If we had large herds
we should certainly use cement, which
can be applied at any time, with the
earth floor as a foundation.
The one floor 'which ought not to be
used is that of 'plank, and the reasons
are obvious to every one who keeps
swine.; They are cold, wet and slip
pery, HKftairr odors, and are expensive,
besides being bad for the feet of the
hogs. ! -
In making the floor for the hogpen,
and 'we have the same sort, of a floor
for the yard, it is made by taking out
the soil for a depth of three feet, filling
in a foot deep with coal ashes well
packed down and then putting on the
two feet of soil, about evenly composed
of clay and gravel, using the gravel
which comes from a heavy or clayey
soil if possible.
If sand gravel, as it is sometimes
called; is all that can be obtained the
sand is screened out and the gravel
mixed with the clay in the proportion
of two parts of clay to one of 'gravel.
By giving this floor the proper slope,
both in the pen and the yard, it does
not stay wet long, and itls so hard the
hogs cannot root in it while being
yielding enough so that they do not
slip on It, and the understratum ' of
ashes carries off the moisture which
penetrates through.
Abont the Harness.
In selecting a harness, a plainly fin
ished set where every strap is cut from
back stock is worth more money than
a highly decorated set of all grades of
leather. Above all things keep a har
ness in repair and allow no weak
places. The strength of a harness is
the strength of its weakest place. One
weak place may cause a serious acci
dent and even the loss of life.
It is a bad practice to feed large
quantities of cracked corn to horses,
for a great lengtlj of time. It wears
out the inner coating of the stomach.
A few years ago I examined a horse
that had died of an unknown disease
and found a quart or more of .cracked
corn among the intestines, says a writ
er in the Farm Journal. The corn had
worn through the' stomach.
Feeding Cattle Without Hon,
My experience of twenty-seven years
as a cattle feeder in eastern Nebraska,
where corn and hay are about as cheap
as anywhere , in the country, justifies
the assertion that there is seldom any
profit in feeding cattle without hogs,
writes a correspondent to Breeder's
Gazette. By grinding the corn, and
mixing it with bran or linseed meal
or both the waste Is greatly reduced
and fewer hogs are required, but the
higher cost of these feeds partially off
sets the saving effected. With the or
dinary margin of from 1 to 2 cents per
pound between cost of. feeders and
well finished beeves, the owner can
make no net profit if any waste or
slipshod methods are tolerated.
Alfalfa Fed Hogs.
Considerable attention Is now being
given to alfalfa. I beiieve it will
prove the most profitable crop the farm
ever produced. To the dairyman who
combines the growing of pigs as Is
very profitably done this promises
much in the production of cheap pork.
In southern California, where I visited
last winter, they sow alfalfa, inclose
the field with a wire fence, turn in
their pigs and feed nothing else. They
are marketed 'directly from the alfalfa.
That, in connection with water, grows
the pork. The pigs never see anything
else in the line of food. Some 160 acre
fields tUrn out carloads of pigs every
season. The brood sows are put Into
the 'alfalfa, there the young are born,
and there they remain. That seems to
be the perfection of profit in swine
husbandry. That would not be prac
tical in winter in our climate, but it
would answer every purpose for the
spring litters. Cor. Hoard's Dairyman.
Nutriment In Hay and Grain.
The universal habit of feeding both
hay and grain to domestic animals,
esfecially to work animals and those
producing milk, seems to have gen
erated the belief in jnany minds that
the nutriment is all In the grain and
that the hay is only filling. It is true
that grain Is concentrated nutriment,
but it does not follow that the hay or
grass from which It is made is without
nutriment. Indeed, some hays and
grasses appear to be as nutritious as
some of the grains. Herds of cattle
and sheep on our farms and ranches
often live their lives without know
the taste of grain, and even horses
have lived and worked for years with
out grain, says a writer In Farm and
Ranch. In the early days of Texas,
when grain was scarce and grass
abundant, Texas horses lived on grass
alone. Of course there is nutriment in
grass and hay it is not mere filling,
and we have always known it. It is
the young grass that is most nutritious
and hay made from grass before It
gets too old. But grass can be too
young to be nutritious. In just what
manner the composition of grass varies,
however, according to age, jiould not be
known till chemical analysis revealed
the fact. The younger the grass or
forage crop the greater the percentage
of water and of protein. As it grows
older, the percentage of dry matter in
creases, the percentage of protein de
creases and starchy matter increases
O . -s n
THE FEEDER
A o
j rapidly.
: prof. Geo.-H. Crowell, of. High
Point, County Superintendent of'
Education R7 G. Kizer and Whifee--head
Kluttz, Esq., spoke to a
large'audience at the; educational
rally at Rdckwell on September
27th. - : - - ; '
: Last night Whitehead. Kluttz,
Esq., delivered an entertaining
address to the members of Coun
cil Nor 18, Jr. 0. U. A. M..
J. Frank McCirbbms has return
ed from a short visit to Waynes
ville. Miss Leona Smithdeal and WY
T. Eagle were married on Septem
ber r25tb, at the home of the
bride's parents. Rev. J. E. Gay.
of the Spencer Methodist church,
officiated.
Mje little son of J. E Painter,
of Spencer, died last week.' Rev.
R. E; Neighbor ' officiated at thu
funeral, which was held at the
home of Mr-V Painter in Spencer.
J. CjiBernhardt, the republican
n'ominee for county surveyor, has
declined to make the race He
says that., at his age he dobs not
"desire any office.
Mrs; P. D. Roueche, who has
been quite'ill with fever for some
time, is improving rapidly. 1
S. H, Boss, of Pittsburg, has
home to Salisbury to make Ibis
home here. He is connected with
the Gillespie Company.
Marriage of Popular Pastor.
A recent number of the Augus
ta, Ga., Herald, contains an. ac
count of the . marriage of Mies
Rosa Lynch, of Augusta, Ga., tp
Rev. C. B. Ciirrie, pastor of the
Presbyterian church at Spencer.
The marriage took . place last
Wednesday, at the Green street
Presbyterian church in Augusta
The good wishes of a host of
friends and acquaintances are ex
tended to Mr and Mrs. Currie.
The Cash Came Back.
H. B. Deese, of Knoxville, Tenn.,
lost $250 on the streets here last
Monday morning. Later he was
made Jhappy by having the money
returned to 'him bjrjbhe finder, C.
E. Wallace, a traveling man whose
homo is in Stanton, Wilkes coun
ty. Mr. Deese considers himself
in good luck, in that his cash fell
into the hands of an honest man. .
' Effort to Kidnap Girl.
A-few nights ago Mr. Easel, a
section master who lives near
Rocky Mount, heard his 12-year-old
daughter crying. Upon in
vestigation he tound hr lying on
the ground near the door-step.
The house had been entered by
some fiend who was endeavoring
to take the child away. He drop
ped her, however, and in the fall
her shoulder was hurt. She be
gan crying, awakening her father,
who came to her rescue. Mean
while the fiend escaped.
Has Stood the Test 25 Years
The old, original Grove's Taste
less Chill Tonic. You know what
you are taking. It is iron and qui
nine iuva tasteless form. No cre,
no pay. 50c.
To Get
First-Class Job Printing
is always present
at the office of
The Carolina Watchman.
Those who wish the
Jareinvited td give us
their work.
4
J
. Mat Brown, a negro woman
who.was cooking r for a working
gang at Whicney,:shot and killed
one man, and r badly wounded
another Monday 1 n?ght . I Jim
Griffin i the man. who was killed.
The woman is" in jail at Albemarle
and says the shooting was in self
defense. We , Still have a number of
copies of the California Earth
quake book on hand. The price
of this book is $1.50. Any one
buying one of these books will be
given a year's subscription to the
Watchman, but sh' uld you be a
siibcriber we 'will make the price
of the book $1.00. Now,Mf you
want the most interesting book of
the day, is the chance to get one
at a reduced price.
Trinity High School,
, TKINITY, N. C.
(Old Trinity College.)
Location five miles southeast of High
Point, climate and water unsurpassed.
Faeulty of seven teachers.' Will afford
thorough preparation- for Sophomore
class of leading institutions of State.
The coming year to be most successful
in history of institution. Strong finaa
cial backing. Ilates very reasonable.
Write for catalogue andothei informa
lion to J. HENRY, Principal.
"JRev. B, F. Hargett, Financial Act.
7-18-8t ; .-'yC -.. - -
TRINITY COLLEGE
Four Departments Collegiate. Gradu
ate, Engineering and Lawi
Large library facilities. Well equipped
laboratories in all departments of. sci
ence. Gymnasium furnished with best
apparatus. Expenses, very moderate.
Aid for worthy students. : : : : : t
Young Men wishing to
Study Xaw should in
vestigate the superior
advantages offered by
the Department Of Law
in Trinity College : ;
For catalogue and further information,
address
D. W. NEWSOM, Registrar,
6-20 -8t DURHAM, N. 0.
Furniture Bejairjg.
We have opened a
FURNITURE REPAIR SHOP
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and upholstered to order. We
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uew.
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medicine could have been seni or
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It only oosts a quarter. Can
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McCall's BfaearfBO (The Queen of Fashion) haa
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year's subscription (ur numbersLcosts 40ceiit. Latest
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