THE SALISBURY WATCHMAN, SALISBURY, N. C.
FARMERS OF SOUTH
URGED BI WILSON 10
SHOW PATRIOTISM
. MUST RESIST TEMPTATION OF
COTTON'S PRICE AND FEED
THE NATION.
SUPREME TEST OF NATION
HAS GOME SAYS PRESIDENT
Must Supply Abundant Food Not Only
For, Ourselves, But Also For Large
Part of Nations With'whom Amerl-
. ca Has Made Common Cause.
Washington. In an appeal to all
citizens of the, country, President Wil
son stressed the opportunity for the
farmers of the South to "show their
patriotism," which he said can be done
in no better way "than by resisting
the great temptation of the present
price of cotton, and helping upon a
great' scale to feed the Nation and the
peoples everywhere who are fighting
for their liberties and our own."
The President's address follows:
"My Fellow Countrymen: The en
trance of our own beloved country
into the grim and terrible war for
democracy and human rights which
has shaken the world, creates so many
problems of National life and action
which call for immediate considera
tion and settlement that I hope you
will permit me to address to you a
few words of earnest counsel and ap
peal with regard to them.
"We are rapidly putting our Navy
upon an effective war footing, and are
about to create and equip a great
Army, but these are the simplest parts
of the great task to which we have
addressed ourselves. There is not a
single selfish element, so far as I
can see, in the cause we are fighting
for.
"We are fighting for what we be
lieve and wish to be the rights of
mankind and for the future peace
and pecurity of the world. To do this
jreat thing worthily and successfully,
e must devote ourselves to the ser-
ce without regard to profit or mater-
advantage, and with an energy and
telligence that will rise to the level
the enterprise itself. We must
Jfcfr tsd the full how great the task
Aft luuuga, uuw many
ti&Bwid. elements of capacity and
ervice and self-sacrifice it involves.
Things Nation Must Do.
These, then, are the things we
ust do, and do well, besides fight
ing, the things without which mere
fighting would be fruitless:
"We must supply abundant food for
ourselves- and for our armies and our
seamen, not only, but also for a large
part of the Nations with whom we
have now made common cause, ' in
whose support and by whose sides we
shall be fighting.
"We must supply ships by the hun
dreds out of our ship yards to carry to
the other side of the sea, submarines
or no submarines, that will every day
be needed there, and abundant mater
ials out of our fields and our mines
and our factories with which, not only
to clothe and equip our own forces on
land and sea, but also to clothe and
support our people for whom the gal
lant fellows under arms can no longer
work, to help clothe and equip the
armies with which we are co-operating :
in Europe, and to keep the looms anc?j
manufactories there in raw material,;
coal to keep the fires going in ships
at sea and in the frunaces of hundreds
of factories across the sea; steel out
of which to make arms and ammuni
tion both here and there; rails for
worn-out railways back of the fighting
fronts locomotives and rolling stock
to take the place of those every day
going to pieces; mules, horses, cattle
for labor and for military service;
everything with which the people of
England and France and Italy and
Russia have usually supplied them
selves, but cannot now afford the men,
the materials or the machinery to
make.
Industrial Patriotism.
'It Is evident to every thinking man
that our industries on the farms, in
the ship yards, in the mines, in the
factories, must be made more prolific
and more efficient than ever, and that
they must be more economically man
aged and better adated to the par
ticular requirements of our task than
they have been; and what I want to
say is that the men and the women
who devote their thought and their
energy to these things will be serv
ing the country and conducting the
fight for peace and freedom just as
truly and just as effectively as the
men on the battlefield or in the
trenches. The industrial forces of the
country men and women alike, will
be a great National, a great inter
national service army.
The Supeme Test.
"I take the liberty, therefore, of
addressing this word to the farmers
of the country and to all who work
on the farms: The supreme need of
our own nation and the nations with
which we are co-operating is an
abundance of supplies, food supply
especially for the present year, is
superlative. Without abundant food,
alike for the armies and the peoples
now t war, the whole great enter
V
J
prise upon which we have embarked
will break down and fall. The world's
food reserves are lpw. Not only dur
ing the present emergency, but for,
some time after, peace shall have .come
both our own people ' and a large "pro
portion of the people of Europe must
rely upon the harvests in America.
Upon the farmers of this country,
therefore, in a large measure, rests
the fate of the war and the fate of
the nations. May the nation not
count upon them to omit no step
that will increase the production of
their land or that will bring about
the most effectual co-operation in the
sale and distribution of their products?
The time is short. It is of the most
imperative importance that everything
possible be done and done immediate
ly to make sure of large harvests. I
call upon young men and old alike,
and upon the able-bodied boys of the
land to accept and act upon this
duty, to turn in hosts to the farms
and make certain that no pains and
no labor is lacking in this great
matter.
Appeal to South.
"I particularly appeal to the farmers
of the South to plant, abundant food
stuffs as well as cotton. They can
show their patriotism in no better or
more convincing way than by resist
ing the great temptation of the present
price of cotton and helping upon a
great scale, to feed the nation and
the peoples everywhere who are fight
ing for their librties and our own.
The variety of their crops will be the
visible measure of their comprehen
sion of their national duty.
"The government of the United
States and the governments of the
several states stand ready to co-operate.
They will do everything possible
to assist farmers in securing an" ade
quate supply of seed," an adequate
force of laborers when they are most
needed at harvest time and the
means of expediting shipments of fer
tilizers and farm machinery, as well
as the crops themselves, when har
vested. The course of trade shall bo
as unhampered as it is possible to
make it, and there shall be no unwar
ranted manipulation of the nation's
food supply by those who handle it
on its way to the consumer. This is
our opportunity to demonstrate the ef
ficiency of a great democracy, and we
shall not fall short of it.
"This, let me say to the middlemen
of every sort, whether they are hand
ling our foodstuffs or our raw mate
rials of manufacture, or the products
of our mills and factories, the eyes of
the country will' be especially upon
you. This is your opportunity for sig
nal service, efficient and disinterest
ed. The country expects you, as it
expects all others, to forego unusual
profits, to organize and expedite ship
ments of supplies of every kind, .but
especially of food, with an eye to the
sejrige you are rendering and in the
spirJt-pf those who enlist in the ranks,
for their people, not for themselves.
I shall confidently expect you to de
serve and win the confidence of peo
ple of every sort and station.
To the Railroads.
"To the men who run the railways
of the country, whether they be man
agers or operative employees, let me
say that the railways are the arteries
of the nation's life and that upon
them rests the immense responsibility
of seeing to it that those arteries suf
fer no obstruction of any kind, no in
efficeincy or slackened power. To
the merchant, let me suggest the
motto: 'Small profits and quick ser
vice'; and to the shipbuilder, the
thought that the life of the war de
pends upon him. The food and the war
supplies must be carried across the
seas, no matter how many ships are
sent to the bottom. The places of those
that god down must be supplied and
supplied at once. To the miner, let me
say that he stands where the farmer
does; the work of the world waits on
him. If he slackens or fails, armies
and statesmen are helpless. He also
is enlisted in the great service army.
The manufacturer does not need to be
told, I hope, that the nation looks to
him to speed and perfect every pro
cess, and I want only to remind his
employes that their service is abso
lutely indispensable and is counted on
by every man who loves the country
and its liberties .
"Let me suggest, also, that every
one who creates or cultivates a gar
den helps, and helps greatly, to solve
the problem of the feeding of the
nations ; and that every housewife who
practices strict economy puts herself
in the ranks of those who serve the na
tion. This is the time for America to
correct her unpardonable fault of
wastefulness and extravagance. Let
every man and every woman assume
the duty of careful, provident use and
expenditure as a public duty, as a dic
tate of patriotism which no one can
now expect ever to be excused or for
given for ignoring.
"In the hope that this statement of
the needs of the nation and of the
world in this hour of supreme crisis
may stimulate those to whom it comes
and remind all who need reminder of
the solemn duties of a' time such as
the world has never seen before, I
beg that all editors and publishers
everywhere will give as prominent
publication and as wide circulation as
possible to this appeal. I venture to
suggest, also, to all advertising agen
cies that they would perhaps render
a very substantial and timely service
to the country if they would give it
widespread repetition. And I hope
that clergymen will not think th6
theme of it an unworthy or inappro
priate subject of comment and homily
from their pulpits.
"The supreme test of the nation has
come. We must 11 speak, act an
serve together!
"WOODROW WILSON."
ISSUES WARNING
AGAINST TREASON
BOMB PLOTTERS MAY NOW BE
GRIPPED WITH LAW'S IRON,
HAND.
PROCLAMATION BY WILSON
Resident Aliens as Well as Citizens
Owe Allegiance to United States,
Says President. Treason is De
fined. Washington. All persons in the
United States, citizens and aliens, are
warned in a proclamation issued by
President Wilson that treasonable acts
or attempts to shield those commit'
ting such acts will be vigorously pros
ecuted by the Government.
The proclamation defines treason,
citing statutes, provisions of the Con
stitution and decisions of the courts,
and declares that the acts described
will be regarded as treasonable,
whether committed within the bor
ders of the United States or else
where. Far-reaching importance attaches
to the direction of the warning to
aliens and the declaration that "resi
dent aliens as well as citizens owe
allegiance to the United States" and
therefore are equally subject to the
laws against treason and like crimes.
Bomb plotters now may be gripped
with an iron hand. Not only are con
spirators themselves subject to heavy
penalties, but any one, even a Ger
man resident, who has knowledge of
treasonable acts and fails to make
known the facts to the authorities,
may be sent to prison for seven years
and fined $1,000 for misprision of trea
son. EVERY POSSIBLE HONOR
WILL BE ACCORDED VISITORS
Washington. Major General Leon
ard Wood, ranking officer of the act
ive list of the army, was designated
to represent the military branch of the
government on the committee which
will welcome to the United States
the distinguished British war commis
sion headed by Foreign Minister Bal
four. The selection of, General Wood is
in line with the administration's plans
for according every possible honor to
the hjgh rank and notable character of
Great Britain's commissioners. The
state department is represented on
the committee by Breckenridge Long,
third assistant secretary; the navy by
Rear Admiral Fletcher, of the general
board, and Commander E. F. Sellers,
and the army by General Wood and
Col. R. E.' L. Michie.
It was stated at the White House
that the president had arranged to see
the British visitors this week and the
French commissioners at the same
time, if they had recahed Washington.
The state department announced, how
ever, that it was not certain when Mr.
Balfour and his party would come, and
that nothing definite was known con
cerning the arrival of the French com
mission. WHEAT AND FLOUR
PLACED ON FREE LIST
Ottawa The government has placed
wheat, wheat flour aM semolina on
the free list, thus opening the United
States markets to Canada and Cana
dian markets to the United State's in
these products.
Plant Land in Food Crops
Washington Secretary Lane ap
pealed to holders of land made valu:
able by government reclamation work
to put all their available soil in food
crops.
FLEET BASE AT HAMPTON
ROADS IS RECOMMENDED
Washington. An appropriation of
$3,000,000 for the acquisition of land
and equipment for' a fleet operating
base at Hampton . Roads, Va., to be
immediately available, was recom
mended to Congress by Secretary
Daniles.
"The $3,000,000," Secretary Dan
iels stated, "is urgently and immedi
ately necessary for the acquisition of
the Jamestown Exposition site, on
Hampton Roads, Va., to be developed
and equipped as, a fleet operating
base and to include a training station,
submarine base '.aviation operating
base, oil fuel storage, fleet storehouses,
mine and net storehouses, itorpedjo
storehouses, etc. The land can be pur
chased for $1,400,000 and the immedi
ate necessities are the training sta
tion, the initial development to cost
$1,600,000."
GERMAN CASUALTY LIST
FOR MARCH REPORTED
London. German casualties as re
ported in. the German official casualty
lists during the month of March show
that 54,803 men were killed, died of
wounds or sickness or were made pris
oner or are missing according to a
statement made public here. The tab
ulated statement follows: Killed or
died of wounds, 10,863; died of sick
ness, 2,679; prisoners or missing
6,247; wounded, 35,014.
INDORSEMENT OF COURSE
TAKEN BY UNITED STATES
BY SOUTH AMERICAN COUNTRIES
(GRATIFYING TO WASHINGTON.
Ecquador, Venezuela and Colombia,
Not Yet Heard From, Expected to
Define Attitude.
Washington. Prompt endorsements
from South America of the action of
the United States in taking Germany's
challenge to war are the source of
great gratification to officials of the
administratino. There remained but
three countries, Ecuador, Venezuela,
and Colombia, which had not defined
their positions, and it was believed
that before the end of this week they,
too, would respond.
With the exception of Costa Rica,
none of the Central American group
had declared its attitude, but no con
cern over where their sympathy will
be placed has been felt at the state
department.
So far Cuba is the only war spot in
Latin-America, but the positions as
sumed by Panama and Costa Rica
place them practically in the list of
warring nations, and almost no doubt
remains that Brazil will be at war
within a few days. The only govern
ments that have not been frank in
.their enrodrsement of the step taken
by the United States are Chile and
Perua, the former confining itself to a
formal declaration of neutrality and
the latter to "deploring" the fact that
the United States had been unable to
adjust her difficulty with Germany
without recourse to war.
Way They Line Up.
Following is the way the other
Latin-American nations, whose posi
tions are defined, were lined up:
Cuba Declared war against Ger
many. Panama Declared her readiness to
assist in any way possible in the pro
tection of the Panama Canal
Costa Rica Offered her ports and
other territorial waters to the United
States for war needs of the American
navy.
Brazil Relations broken with Ger
many. Bolivia Relations broken with Ger
many. Uruguay Endorsed the action of
the United States and characterized
Germany's submarine warfare as "an
.insult to humanity."
Paraguay Expressed sympathy with
the government of the United States
"forced Jnto war to rehabilitate the
rights of neutrals."
. Argentina Endorsed the action of
the United States as just and right.
Mexico Neutral.
State department officials believe it
possible that the government of Ecqua
dor may consider itself bound to adopt
a somewhat equivocal attitude because
of a suggestion made several weeks
ago that a conference of neutrals to
be held at Montevideo to study means
for bringing the war to ah end.
Guatemala's proclamation of martial
law was still regarded here as a pre
cautionary step tken by President Es
trada Cabrera preliminary to a break
with Germany. It was believed that
Honduras, Salvador and Nicaragua,
the remaining uncommitted nations of
Central America, are awaiting action
by Gautemala and that they will an
nounce their positions immediately af
ter Guatemala, speaks.
The United States has looked to
Latin-America for moral support more
than for material assistance, but there
has been no disposition to undertake
the very material assistance that
might be rendered if it became neces
sary. The total peace strength of
Latin-Amrica's armies is only 334,000
men, but the potential power is sev
eral times that, and reports from the
South American republics have indi
cated that no time will be lost in
raising fighting forces to their full
war strength.
MEXICO PROMISES
STRICT NEUTRALITY.
Mexico City. General Carranza, in
his address to the new Congress, de
clared that Mexico would maintain a
strict and rigorous neutrality in the
world war. H. von Eckhardt, the Ger
man Minister, was seated in a box
with Austrian, Spanish and other dip
lomats. Henry P. Fletcher, the Amer
ican Ambassador, sat with the British
Minister.
Ready to Build Big Fleet.
Washington. The Administration'.!
program for building a vast fleet of
wooden carog ships to transport sup
plies to the Allies and thus defeat the
German submarine campaign was put
definitely under way Monday, when
the Shipping Board formed a $50,000,
000 . corporation to build and operate
the vessels.
STATES MAY ORGANIZE
NEW GUARD UNITS
Washington. Against the judgment
of military experts as to the wise
course in the present emergency, the
war department was compelled to re
verse a previous ruling and announce
that under existin glaw states have
the right to organize- new units of the
National Guard. This opens the door
to expansion of the existing guard
force of .about 125,00 Oto 400,000 at
peace strength or more than 600,000 on
war footing-
$7,000,000,000 WAR
LOAN PASSES HOUSE
NOT A VOTE WAS RECORDED
AGAINST THE BIG REVENUE
AUTHORIZATION.
DEBATE WAS ON HIGH PLANE
cormer War Opponents ' Demanded
Record Roll Call. Amendments
Confine Loans to Nations at War
With Germany.
Washington. With a total absence
of partisanship the House, by a vote
of 389 to 0, passed the Seven Billion
Dollar bill to finance the prosecution
of the war against Germany, including
a loan of $3,000,000,000 to the Allies.
Representative Meyer London, Social
ist, of New York, who has conscien
tious scruples against war and appro
priations for war,, answered "present"
when his name was called.
Owing to general pairs and absen
tees only 389 votes were, recorded for
theibill, but both Democratic Leader
Kitchin and Republican Leader Mann
announced that all of their, members
would have voted affirmatively if they
had been present. The formality of a
roll call would have been dispensed
with if several members who voted
against the war resolution had not in
sisted upon having the opportunity of
recording themselves In favor of pro
viding money to carry on hostilities
now that the nation is at war.
The bill authorizes $5,000,000,000
in bonds, of which $3,000,000,000 Will
be loaned to Entente countries, and
the issuance of Treasury 'cerificates
for $2,000,000,000 ultimately to be met.
by increased taxation. Passage of the
measure never was in doubt during the
two days it was under consideration
in the House, and favorable action by
an overwhelming vote is assured in
the Senate, where it was taken up
Monday. It probably will be signed
by the President this week.
Chairman Simmons of the Senate
Finance Committee took up the bill
with his committee Monday, and since
there is no opposition to It, exrscts to
report it to the Senate at once. Lead
ers expect to keep it the unfinished
business until passed. There will be
no great opposition on the floor, al
though there may be some debate.
The bill was not materially amended
In the House, except for the inclusion
of language specifically directing that
the loans to foreign Governments shall
be made during, and not after, the
war and that the securities bought by
this Government with proceeds of the
vast loan shall be the securities of na
tions fighting Germany.
Other amendments adopted would
prohibit the sale of the. United States
bonds at less than par and permit the
purchase of foreign bonds "at par."
INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
TO ASSEMBLE IN FEW DAYS.
United States Officials Plan For Com
ing of Commissioners.
Washington. With the assembly of
the most momentous international
confeernce ever held in this country
only a few days distant, officials of
several executive department sof the
Government devoted themselves to
making final preparations for greeting
the distinguished men Great Britain
and France are sending here to dis
cuss war problems. State Department
officials directly responsible for the
details of the arrangements, conferred
in an effort to have no marke of court
esy lacking.
Those familiar with official etiquet
abroad say that the sending to this
country of men like British Foreign
Secretary Balfour, French Minister of
Justice and former Premier Rene
Viviani and General Joffre is almost
without precedent. Not only does the
trip here require much more very
valuable time than the various Euro
pean war conferences, but it submits
the high officials to real dangers from
mines and submarines, experienced in
crossing to the continent. It is known
that the present trip was taken only
with the deepest foreboding quick
ened by memories of the loss of Lord
Kitchener.
Committee of Welcome.
The preliminary committee of wel
come, consisting of Third Assistant
Secretary Long, representing the State
Department; Rear Admiral Frank P.
Fletcher and Commander D. F. Sellers,
representing the Navy and Col. Robert
E. L. Michie, Lieut. Col. Spencer Cos
by and Capt. John G. Quekemeyer, rep
resenting the Army, is ready to leave
for the port of arrival at a moment's
notice. The committee will welcome
the commissioners. A formal recep
tion will greet them here, in which tht
highest officials of the Government
will participate.
TAX SUGGESTIONS TO
RAISE WAR REVENUE.
Washington. Administration sug
gestions as to possible new sources ot
taxation through which to raise ap
proximtely one-half of the estimated
cost of the first year of the war, or
$1,807,250,000, were submitted by Sec
retary McAdoo to the Senate Finance
and the House Ways and Means Com
mittees. The other half of the cost
is to be provided by $2,OOO,OOO,0O& of
the bonds authorized by the war rev
anue bill passed by the House.
fcjsa (lip
TWO LARGE PACKAGES 25
MADE RON IHI HlfflEST GRADE DURUM WHEAT
CO0XS IH 12 MINUTES. COOK BOOK FREE
SKIMMER MFG. CO. OMAHA. U SA
lai&esf, Maxaroni r&cfonj in America
PUZZLE
rrn get
"I A
MM LOT
Here are 9 squares. Can you put a figure (no two
alike) in each square so as to make a total of 15
by adding them up and down and crossways? As
an adrertisement we will deed a lot 25 x 100 ft. at
Atlantic City, Md.. which has one of the finest
beaches In the world, to any one (white race)
solving this pussle. Small fee for deed and ex
penses. Sena your solution, with to in postage
for copy of prospectus to '
THE ATLANTIC) REALTY CO.
206 N. Calvert 8t. Baltlmo, Md.
WANTED
Colored Laborers and Track men as section
hands; also Pattern Makers, Molders and
Carpenters. Bricklayers experienced on
either fire brick or red brick construction.
Steady work. Good wages. Apply in person
to BETHLEHEM STEEL CO., Sparrows Point, ML
Dangerous Ignorance.
"What people don't know won't hurt
them."
"Is that so? What about the man
who didn't know the gun was loaded?"
RED FACES AND RED HANDS
Soothed and Healed by Cuticura Sam
ple Each Free by Mail.
Treatment for the face: On rising
and retiring smear affected parts with
Cuticura Ointment. Then wash off with
Cuticura Soap and hot water. For the
hands: Soak them in a hot lather
of Cuticura Soap. Dry, and rub in
Cuticura Ointment.
Free sample each by mail with Book.
Address postcard, Cuticura, Dept. L,
Boston. Sold everywhere. Adv.
Everybody's Son but Mine.
"There's one kind of spirit we don't
want In America," said a novelist, "and
that is the spirit which was too prev
alent at the beginning of the war In
England.
"An English statesman visited Not
tingham, the lace-making town, the
other day, to ask for labor volunteers,
and the mayor said that Nottingham
wanted to do her duty, but nothing, of
course, must be allowed to harm the
Nottingham lace industry.
"Then the statesman jumped up and
said that the mayor was a survival of
the old 1914 spirit, now happily dead
and buried In England the spirit that
made each English father wave a flag
In August. 1914, and shout :
" 'Take everybody's son but mine !' "
Too Slow.
"How do you like your new chauf
feur, Chugwitz?"
"He seems a reliable fellow."
"Yes?"
"Still, I'd rather pay a fine for speed
ing occasionally than miss every train
I try to catch on ten minutes' notice."
Tuberculosis Publication.
The National Association for the
Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis
announces that it will presently begin
publication of a monthly magazine de
voted exclusively t the subject of tu
berculosis. It will be printed in New
York and will be called The American
Review of Tuberculosis.
Scientific facts prove
the drug, caffeine, in
coffee is harmful to
many, while the pure
food-drink
POSTUM
is not only free from
drugs, but is economical,
delicious and nourishing.
Made of wheat and a
bit of wholesome mo
lasses, Postum is highly
recommended by phy
sicians for those with
whom coffee disagrees.
Postum is especially
suitable for children.
"There's a Reason"
Sold by Grocers.
Iff (PG80OKJ V;