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THE CAROLINA WAT63
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FORM LEAGUE FOR:
NATIONAL UNITY
l
WILSON ENDORSES MOVEMENT
IN . ADDRESS EMPHASIZING
NEED OF TEAM WORK.
EDUCATIONAL PATRIOTIC MOVE
New League 'Represents Church, Po- !
litical, Labor, Agricultural and In-
dustrial Organizations Which Will
Work for Unity of Thought.
Washington. An extensive move
ment to lead and express public opin
ion on the war was inaugurated here
by formation o - the League for Na
tional Unit?, representing church, po
litical, labor, agricultural and indus
trial organizations, to which Presi
dent Wilson gave his endorsement in
an address emphasizing the need for
team play by, the forces of American
thought and opinion.
Welcoming the leaders of the
movement at the white house In a
brief speech, the President expressed
the belief that American public opin
ion, although understanding the war's
causes and principles, needs guidance
to remember that the war should end
only when Germany is beaten and
Germany's rule of autocracy and
might are superseded by the ideals of
democracy. - '
This is the issue, which the Ameri
can people, should always keep in
mind, the President said, in order to
avoid being misled into byways of
thought and of the resultant scatter
ing of the force of public opinion.
Talk of early peace before Germany
is defeated is one of the evidences of
misdirected thought, he suggested,
and should not cloud the vision of
those who understand that the United
States is fighting now for the same
ideals of democracy and freedom that
have always actuated the nation.
President Gives Warning.'
The President gave warning that It
should not be forgotten that German
success would mean not only preven
tion of the spread of democracy, but
possibly the suppression of that al
ready existing.
The league, which will have head
quarters in New York, chose as hon
orary chairmen Cardinal Gibbons and
Dr. Frank Mason North, president, o?
the federal council of churches. The
odore N. Vail, president of the Ameri
can Telephone & Telegraph Co., is
active -chairman, with Samuel Gom
pers, president of the American Fed
eration of Labor; Charges Barrett,
president of the Farmers' Educational
and Co-operative Union, and George
Pope, president of the National Asso
ciation of Manufacturers, as vice
chairman. The object was stated as
follows:
"To t create a medium through
which the loyal Americans of all
classes, sections, creeds and parties
can give expression to the fundamen
tal purpose of the United States to
carry on to a successful conclusion
thisnew war for the independence of
America and the preservation of dem
ocratic institutions and the vindica
tion of the basic principles of hu-"
inanity."
WIDE DIFFERENCES IN
BREAD PRICES SHOWN ,
In Consumers' Reports to Food Ad
' ministration from 52 Cities
and Towns.
Washington. Consumers' reports
to the food .administration from 52
cities and towns in all parts of the
country show wide" differences in
bread prices. The lowest price re
ported was from Pleasantvillef N. J.,
where a 16-ounce loaf sells for six
cents. The same size loaf sells for 15
cents .in Rock Falls, 111.; Eastport,
Me.; Red Bank, N. J.; Miami, Okla.;
Nashville, Tenn.; Laramie, Wyo., and
"Newport, R. I.
A 16-ounCe loaf is sold for eight
centB in' many cities throughout the
west and in some cities in the eats.
A five-cent loaf of 12 ounces is sold
in a few cities.
ITALIAN U-BOAT FIRED
rUPON BY U. S. PATROL
Washington. Vice Admiral Sims
cabled the navy . department that an
American patrol vessel had fired on
an Italian submarine which failed to
answer recognition signals, killing one
officer and one enlisted man. Secre
tary Daniels at once sent a message
to the Italian ministry of marine, ex
pressing the deepest regret over the
unfortunate occurrence ,and tendering
his and the American navy's sympathy
for i the loss, of life.
$35,000,000 DESTROYER
PROJECT TO BE PUT IN FORCE
Washington. Contracts to put into
Immediate force the $350,000,000 de
etroyer project approved by Congress
just before adjournment were made
ready and signed by Secretary Dan
iels. Preliminary contracts made with
ship, boiler and engine buiding com
ipanies, providing for the . competion
of the big job in not more than 18
months, were of a tentative nature and
some minor changes . Were necessary.
ADJOURNS 616
' WAR SESSION
LAST DAY OCCUPIED IN DEFEN8E
AND CRITICISM OF LA
FOLLETTE.
SESSION BEGAN APRIL 2ND
Generally Regarded as Most Momen
tious In American History Gal
leries Were Packed to Capacity
During Last Hours.
Washington. In the midst of a
day's thrilling debate on alleged dis.
loyalty of Senator LaFoIIette, of Wis.
consin, the extraordinary session of
Congress, which began April 2, and
generally regarded as the most mo
mentous in American history, was ad
journed sine die at 3 p. m.
Vehement criticism of the Wiscon
sin senator and his own defense occu
pying virtually the entire day, mark
ed the close of the war session, with
other customary adjournment and
legislative procedure, including Pres
ident Wilson's attendance at the
capitol. The usual eleventh hour grist
of legislation was put through, fol
lowing six months of important war
action, and most of the members who
had remained for the final days were
en route home to await the call of
the next session, December 3.
With galleries crowded to their ca
pacity, the senate chamber was the
scene of five hours stirring discussion
of Senator LaFollette's attitude, but
in the house there was little to mark j
the occasion except submission of a j
committee report mildly censuring j
Representative Heflin of Alabama for
criticising fellow members in connec-
tion with Count von Bernstorff's re-! period with some minor Exceptions
quest for Berlin to furnish funds to ; during the last weeks. Since the pla
influence Congress. toon, commanded by a lieutenant, 13
Speaks Three Hours. . j the actual fighting unit in trench, bat-
The day began with a three hours ' ties the new regulations fix upon the
speech by Senator LaFoIIette in de- j lieutenants of each company the . re
fense of his criticisms of war ques- j sponsibility for training of less than
tions. Without mentioning his recent j company units, so that they may get
address before the Non-Partisan j in close touch with their men.
league at St Paul, for investigation j Rigid requirement is made that of
of which arrangements were com- I ficers be present with their commands
pleted by a senate sub-committee, or at all drills. The whole system is
naming anv of his critics. Mr. La- i to be prepared in advance so that
Folletfce read' a carefully prepared
defense of his course and declared ;
his intention to follow it in the fu-j
ture. He was interrupted only once j
and was applauded by the galleries j
when he closed.
ANirvTHPR nation TAKES UP I
ARMS AGAINST GERMANY
Uruguay Follows Peru in Severance i
of Relations.
Germany has still another nation
arrayed against her in the world war
Following closely the action of Peru,
the republic of Uruguay has . severed
diplomatic relations with the imperial
government and the German minister
haa been handed his passports. Al- !
though Germany had committed no
direct act of hostility against Uru
guay the president of the republic in
his message to parliament said it was
necessary for Uruguay "to espouse
the cause of the defenders of justice,
democracy and small nationalities."
Montevideo, Uruguay. Uruguay
has severed diplomatic relations with
Germany. A presidential decree an
nounced the rupture in a vote in fa
vor of it by the chamber of deputies,
74 to 23. The German minister has 1
been sent his passports. The vote
in the chamber was taken at 2 o'clock
this morning.
President Viera in his message to
the parliament declared that the
Uruguayan government had not re
ceived any direct offense from Ger
many, but that it was necessary to
espouse the cause of the defenders of
justice, democracy and small Ration
alities. 8,000 RUSSIAN TROOPS
REFUSE TO GO TO FROWT
Petrograd. Eight thousand .soldiers
at Gomel in the province of MohHev,
after a meeting, refused to go to the
front, says a telegram from Gomel.
REICHSTAG TO DISCUSS
WAR AIMS THIS WEEK
Amsterdam. The Cologne Gazette,
a copy of which has been received
here, In its report of the address of
Dr. Karl Heifferich, German minister
of the interior, in the reichstag Satur
day, represents him as saying: "The
question of war aims will be discuss
ed in the course of a big debate next
week." The Rhelnische Westfalische
Zeitung in its version says "the big
debate will take place , Monday."
AMERICAN DESTROYER IN
CLASH WITH A SUBMARINE
Washington. Making public an ac
count of an action between an Ameri
can destroyer in European waters
and a German submarine, the navy
department avoided any claim that
the U-boat had been destroyed, al
though all indications pointed to thai
result. The report on which the de
partment's statement was founded
was made by Vice Admiral Sims, 5n
command of American destroyers Id
the war zone.
ARRANGE TRAINING:
WORK MAPPED OUT
IS BASED UPON SIXTEEN WEEKS
OF INTENSE TRAINING
WORK.
SCHEDULES ARE ANNOUNCED
Work Will Be Varied With Lectures
by American and Allied Officers
Who Are Experts in Modern War-
. fare Tactics. "
Washiggton. Training work map
ped vOut by the war department for
national guard and national army di
visions before they will be : regarded
as ready for duty abroad, is based
on a 16-week course of the most in
tensive kind of work in the open,
varied with lectures by American and
allied officers, who are experts, in
.modern warfare, he schedules have
been announced.
Great stress is laid upon the ne
cessity for night training. Trench
raiding, scouting, trench building and
operations of all kinds which may, be
called for in actual combat will be-
duplicated at the camps through the
night hours. To give the men some
espite, their Wednesday and Satur
day afternoons 'will be kept free, ex
cept in the case of backward indivi
duals or units. Target praactice runs
through the entire course and the
schedules call for 40 hours' training
each week.
A striking feature of the program
is the fact that practically the entire
16 weeks will be devoted to training
individuals, platoons and companies.
Brigade, divisional and even regimen
tal, exercises are reserved for a later
each officer and man will know jusf
the work to be done during the day
and night before him
New elements will be injected IntotfW" )e e emy 8 81111 reeling unoer
me training eacn weeK. rne lecture-;
program with graphic Illustrations.
will show all that three years of war?
have brought of gas attack, of
"& n-juuci. "uirv- i"ot
instruction holds a high place ' for;
wounded soldiers today must depend
largely on themselves.
wm be giyen and a program of test
courses to determine the proficiency
of each man in each phase of ': his
work has been devised which will
give a perfect line upon every sol
dier's ability and be the stepping
stone of promotion.
COAL MINERS WIN FIGHT
FOR INCREASE IN WAGTE8
Operators' and Miners' Representa
tives Reach Agreement on Terms
of New Contract.
Washington. Bituminous coal min
ers of the central.competitive field who
their fight for. a general wage .in
crease when operators' and miners'
representatives in conference here
reached a compromise agreement ,on
the terms of a new contract. 1 The
agreement pressages a wage raise
throughout the industry since the cen
tral field scale serves as a basis for
all other districts and a consequent
advance in theJ government's fixed
price for coal.
Operators' representatives agreed
to the new wages no condition that
they be absorbed in higher coal prices.
After the agreement, drawn by a sub
committee, is ratified by the full con
ference, they will go to the fuel; ad
ninistration and ask a revision up
ward of present coal prices to meet
e raise. The wage increase, 'accord-,
ing to' operators' estimates, will add
from 35 to 50 cents a ton to the cost
of producing coal in thick vein mines
REVOLT AGAINST MEXICAN
GOVERNMENT IS STARTED
Brownsville, Texas. A revolt
against the Mexican government has
been started by Gen. Porfirio Gonzales,
former Carranza commander, who has1
mobilized 800 folowers at Aldamas,
near the Nuevo Leon-TaTmauHpas
"ine, 150 miles west of Matamoras, - ac
cording to reports reaching here Alda
mas is 100 miles south of Roma, Tex.
All trains out of Matamoras; ad
vices received here say .have been can
celled. SEVENTEEN BILLIONS OF -
i. DOLLARS APPROPRIATED
Washington. Since Congress con
vened in its extraordinary session last
April it has placed at the disposal of
the administration seventeen billions
of dollars -and has authorized con
tracts for almost two and a half bil
lions more. Most of the money was
for war purposes, including seven bil
lions for loans to the Allies. The ap
propriations committees, through
chairmen, Senator Martin and Repre
sentative Fitzgerald, made the figures
public.
r
W BAKER
WEEKLY WAR REVIEW
5Washington. Decisive - ascendency
fcr the allies in the supreme test of
battle strength now taking place on
te bloody fields of Flanders ,is claim
ed by Secretary -Baker in the weekly
review of war operations issued by the
war department.
!Wbile it may be premature to assert
ts-t the British war machine has
ftvced a devision over the Germans,
A. Baker says, the victories of the
p;ist fortnight, threatening the Ger
man submarine bases on the Belgian
cts&st, axe conclusive indications of al
lied superiority. With favorable
weather he thinks these victories will
b repeated and extended.
- iThe review for the week, makes no
reference to the American forces in
France or to the great preparations
fo war going forward at home.
,ft Titanic Struggle in Flanders.
'The attention of the world," H
s$b, "is focused on the titanic strug
gle now going on in Flanders. The
btle raging there is proving an en
gagement of wholly unprecedented
sppe and potentialities.
jAt the beginning of the week, ow
inf; to bad weather, the Germans were
aVe to launch counter-attacks against
tfcis positions recently gained by the
British. Notwithstanding the fact
tij.t the Germans made use of smoke
sheens, liquid fire and brought into
aion an imposing array of artillery
iruitheir attack against the advanced
BtStish lines between the Tower Ham
les andv Polygon wood as well as
ang the Menin road, their efforts
proved futile.
' flt is significant on the other hand,
thgut while the British were sustaining
tge shock of German assaults suc
cessfully they were able to bring up
sijjlicient fresh troops in order to
launch another offensive action on
aifeven larger scale than the preced
ing one in the face of the enemy's on
slaught. Drive Sweeping Onward.
SSlowly, but therefore the most ir
resistibly, the allied drive at the heart
6 the German line in the west is
sveeping onward.
'The wisdom of the British in
maintaining a great density of front
w$'uld appear justified by the results
achieved during the past week. . It
m?st be borne in mind that it is due
ttithe depth of the British line as
j" mch as to any other cue factor, that.
'-"I? " . IZTZ
v.It has been characteristic of the
ISSUES
bomb-Jjnpaign in Flanders hitherto that
jrw; may call a decisive success.
lThe Germans have massed their
hgjftatest war strength along this bat-
ttf front"
I ' Sound Strategy.
B.'To attack them' at their strongest
plaint of resistance is sound strategy.
i 5"The defeats inflicted upon, them
"c?.rjng the past fortnight are con
issisive indications of allied superior
jjfk. In the light of past experiences,
ipmay be premature to assert that
the British have succeeded in forcing
a decision, but it may be stated with
emphasis that in no engagement hith
erto has such yigor, energy and con
jqrtedw'speed of action been displayed.
VTbe full success of these opera
tions means that the Belgian coast,
iith its numerous submarine bases,
will become untenable to the enemy.
Zeebrugge, Ostend and the system of
Canals leading out of Bruges are
threatened.
!'"The sQ?reme test of the battle
Strength 'of - the contending- belliger
ents is taking place. Allied ascend-
incy wouia appear ueciaive.
Contributing Factors.
,'5 ,
"The two immediate contributing
fetors of this success are: Air con
trol and shell supply.
ft "The former made it possible for
Ijie allies to locate enemy concentra
;tJons. the latter to break them up be-
fore they could, develop into serious
Offensive, actions, at the same time
permitting their own concentration of
pten and guns to be carried out with
clockwork regularity, unhampered by
iSaiemy interference. ,
;l"The British are thus able to re
port that since July 31 last they have
ot tost a single gun, while they have
Raptured 332 field and heavy guns and
iken 51,435 prisoners. During the
l4ghting of the past two days they
fcave added 4,446 prisoners, including
114 officers, to this imposing total
?s, Enemy Realizes Dangler.
'""The enemy realizes the danger he
' : '
lacing.
VWe may expect him to counter-at-
tack in force, we may even regain
Certain secondary objectives tempo
rarily, but the British war machine is
Roving forward, and if time permits
iand the combat season -remains open,
ith the weather continuing favorable
tor reconnaissance and careful air
craft observations, the allied Victories
jaf the past two weeks mill in all
probability be repeated and Extended.
ll;"The enemy pressure along the
pastern front has been relieved by
strong allied offensive in. Fhm
flers. No engagements of more than
Ijbcal importance are reported in the
ast.
.f "The German advance in the north
east has apparently weakened, and
ipLe Russians have been able to re
5irganize their position In the Rigs
sector.'
INSURANCE BILL IS
PASSED BY SENATE
WITH THE TEN THOUSAND' DOL '
LAR MAXIMUM INSURANCE
i- a ii w-o-rr ocn
SENATE VOTE WAS 70 TO 0
Provision is Inserted Which Raises
Major General Pershing and Major
General Bliss to the Rank of Gen
eral. Washington. With the $10,000 max
imum insurance plan restored, ps
urged by the administration and with
an addition provision raising Major
General Pershing, commanding the
American forces in France, and Major
General Bliss, chief of staff, to the
rank of general, the soldiers' and sail-
ots insurance bill, carrying an appro
priation of $176,000,000, was passed
by the senate by a vote of 71 to 0.
An amendment by Senator Smoot,
adopted, 37 to 33, provides that $25 a
month shall be paid widows of Civil
War and Spanish-American war vet
erans as well as to the widows of men
who may be killed in the present war.
This will mean an increased cost to
the government of $3,500,000 annually
and an - advance of $15 a month to
4,141 Spanish war widows and $5 a
month to 43,544 Civil War widows.
Other amendments offered by the
Utah senator authorizing the bureau
of war risk insurance after the war
to turn over to life insurance compa
nies at government expense policies
held by soldiers and sailors, and pro
viding for the payment of $100 a
month to men permanently incapacita
ted because of wounds or disease were
rejected.
Reductions were made by the sen
ate in the house provisions for com-
pnesation paid for death or disability
of soldiers and sailors or members of
the army and navy nurse corps. Un
der the bill as it now stands a widow
would receive $25 a month, compared
to $35 fixed by the house, while a
widow with two children would re
ceive $47.50, a reduction of $5. The
other sections of the house bill were
accepted with only minor changes with
the exception of the insurance section
which permits a aoldier now not later
than five years after the war ends to
convert his life insurance without med
ical examination into any other form
of insurance he may request-
GERMAN RAIDERS ARE
OPERATING IN SOUTH SEAS
Two of Them Manned by Crew of
Famous See Adler.
Washington. Two German com
merce raiders, manned by the crew
of the famous Sea Adler, which it now
develops stranded on Mopeha island, in
the South Pacific, after roaming the
seas for seven months preying upon
American and allied shipping, are oper
ating somewhere in the South seas,
according, to a report received at the
navy department from the command
er of the naval station at Tutuila, Sa
moa Islands.
The dispatch .transmitting the story
of Captain Hador Smith of the Amer
ican schooner C. Slade, one of the
See Adler's victims, was sent on Sep
tember 29, several weeks after the
two new raiders left Mopeha Islands,
where they had been captured by the
Germans. The first put to sea on Aug
ust 21, and the other on September 5,
and it probably was their operations
which led to recent reports of raiders
in the Pacific.
Before coming to grief on August
2, the See Adler, had added the Amer
ican schooners A. B. Johnson, Manila
and Slade to the list of at least 12
allied vessels which she sank early
this year in the South Atlantic ocean.
In the long period frona last March,
when she was last heard from, the
raider probably sent down other craft
encountered in passing through, the
Atlantic, around Cape Horn and
across the Pacific to the Society group
of French islands, of which Mopeha
is one.
The See Adler according to Captain
Smith's report, arriving at Mopeha on
July 31. .
20,000 Airplanes For Service.
Washington. Twenty thousand air
planes for America's fighting forces in
France, authorized in the $640,000,000
aviation bill passed by Congress last
July, actually are' under cnostruction.
The necessary motors also are being
manufactured, Secretary Baker an
nounced and the whole aircraft pro
gram has "been so co-ordinated that
when planes and motors are completed
trained aviators, as weM as machine
guns and all other equipment, will be
waiting for them.
scaricitV of workmen
delays war contracts
Washington. Detailing of skilled
mechanics in the national army with
out discharging them from military
service was urged upon President Wil
son by Representative Madden, of Il
linois, who pointed out that hundreds
of employers holding wa? contracts are
handicapped by scarcity of workmen.
The president promised to ask Secre
tary Baker to investigate the question
ifter receiving reports irom the laboj
commission now in the west.
WILSON SIGNS BIG
WAIV TAX MEASURE
NO FORMALITIES ATTENDED
SIGNING OF BILL WHICH IS
NOA LAW. .
SENATE ACTED SPEEDILY
Within Three Months Senate Adopted
War Appropriation Bill, Said to be
Largest of Kind in History of th
World.
Washington. The war tax bill be
came a law with President Wilson's
signature.
No formalities attended the signing
of the measure.-which levies for this?
year more than two and a half billion
dollars "new taxes to provide war reve
nues. It touches directly or indirectly
the pocketbook of everybody in the
country, through taxes or incomes,
excess profits, liquor, tobacco, soft
drinks, passenger and freight trans
portation, proprietary medicines, chew
ing gums, amusements, musical in
struments, talking machines, records
and many other things.
One of the immediate effects of the
signing of the law will be an increase
in distilled beverage prices to meet
the new tax of $2.10 a gallon, whids
reaches even the stock of the retailers
in excess of 50 gallons.
Within less than three minutes the
senate adopted the conference re
port on the war urgent deficiency ap
propriation bill carrying $7,757,434,410
In cash and authorized contracts. To
morrow the house is- expeted to adopt
it and send it to' President Wilson.
The measure is said to be the great
est of the kind in the history of any
government. It emerged this after
noon from conference between the two
houses in which sections involving
over $780,000,000 had been in dispute
and went through the senate in record
breaking time without the formality
of a roll call.
The bill carries $5,355,976,016.93 of
direct appropriation and authorizing
the government to enter into contracts
for $2,401,458,393.50 more, almost en
tirely for war purposes, including the
navy's great destroyer program. In
conference, subsistence of the army,
for which the, house had voted $175,
000,000 and the senate $321,000,000,
was provided for in a compromise of
$250,000,000. For army transportation
for which the house had voted $35.
000,000 and the senate $413,000,000,.
the conference substituted $g75,000,
000. For regular quartermaster sup
plies, $125,000,000 was agreed to after
the house had voted for $100,000,00
and the senate $163,000,000.
Probably the largest appropriation
in the blil is for the ordnance depart
ment of the army, 'which gets $695,
100,000 for purchase, manufacture
and test of mountain, siege and field
cannon, and $225,000,000 more of con
tract obligations authorization, to
gether with $663,000,000 of cash and
$777,000,000 of contract , obligations
authorized for ammunition.
LABOR TROUBLES THREATEN
FULL WAR PRODUCTION
Government - Is Seeking Solution of-
the Problem.
Washington. The government is
working to develop some comprehen
sive system of dealing with the labor -
I unrest which threatens to hamper
war production. It is concerned over
the pronounced upward movement of
wages, disproportionate for various
Industries, and the difficulty of sta
bilizing conditions without doing in
justice to workers or employers.
Nearly all production now is direct
ly or indirectly necessary for the
prosecution of the war, and the output
of war materials is curtailed by
strikes, extraordinary movement of
workers from one industry to another
or from plant to plant, and other ud
settled conditions. On the recommen
dations of the commission headed by
Secretary Wilson, of the department
of labor, which left for the west, wiH
largely depend the government's even
tual policy. Meanwhile it Is under
stood the government's course will
be:
. Course Outlined.
To extend to a number of Industrie
having war contracts the present ays
tern of wage adjustment boards whi
have been created for cantonment
construction, shipbuilding, longshore
men's work and army .nd navy clotk
Ing production.
To increase the number of war de
partment contracts containing clause
providing that in case of suspension
of work by strikes the secretary i
war shall settle the disputes.
To enforce agreements with indus
tries, for whose products standard
prices are fixed, not to reduce wages.
AMERICAN GOVERNMENT
FAVORED BRITISH EMBARGO
Washington. Great Britain's em
bargo, on the export of all supplies
to the northern European neutraS
countries, just announced, was declar
ed after every phase of its possible
effect was gone over in conference
between American and allied states
men. American bfficiala it was learn
ed, initiated the discuisions and In
sisted that the British step be takes
to make sure that theie be no nulli'
flcation of the purposes! of the TJ. 8.
M
it