Permanent
WAVES
at all times
$1.50 and up
Shampoo and
Finger Wave
50c
QUALITY BEAUTY SHOPPE
203 Wright Bldg. W. femes St.
Phone 347-W
All Work Guaranteed
%
if you telephone her
"Meet Me at BLACKWELD
ER'S FOR LUNCH today.”
BARBECUE, all kind short or
ders. Leading brands of beer.
Tables for ladies. Come here for
THE BEST ALWAYS
BLACKWELDER’S
205 S. Main St.—304 N. Depot
YOUR
KNITTFD
DRESSES
CLEANED
BLOCKED
I Our improved method restor
es the original luster and
shape to your knitted gar- Wlien
ments. We Do
Personal attention is given It, It IS
I to all knits by one thorough- Done
1 ly trained and experienced RIGHT*
I in the specialized art of
blocking knits and boucle.
BENTON
DRY GLEANING WORKS
Phone 1423
/ Controlled Heat I
You are the Boss of this
new automatic iron You
govern the temperature
If interrupted while ironing with this iron, just set the iron on 1
| i its stand. 1
When you return, it will be just as hot as when you left it— 1
no hotter—whether you return in ten minutes or a much longer 1
) time. No danger of burning your ironing board. §
"American Beauty” I
adjustable-automatic electric iron * I
The best iron made S
To make it easy for you to own one of the new model irons, we 1
have arranged the following terms— I
I 95c Down—Balance hi easy monthly payments I
liberal Allowance for Your Old Iron I
^^DUKE^POWE^OMPANy^^l
•by Caleb Johnson•_ J
XIII. EXPANDING NATIONAL
POWERS
While the war between the states
was in progress, almost dictatorial
powers had been exercised by the
Executive. The President, under
the Constitution, was Commander
in-Chief of the Army and Navy,
and the whole nation was involved
in the war. Many things were
done under the stress of the war
I emergencies for which there was no
specific warrant in the Constitu
tion. Among these, for example,
was the imposition of a national in
come tax. This, like the other war
emergency measures, was aban
doned at the close of hostilities.
After the turmoil of the Recon
struction period had subsided, there
was general satisfaction with the
demonstration that had been given
of the flexibility of the Constitu
tion. It had been stretched to cover
the emergencies of war and recon
struction; now it had shrunk back
to its peace-time functions.
But those functions had become
far greater than they were, and
were to keep on expanding. A new
spirit of nationalism had taken pos
session of the Government, and in
the 20 years from 1878 to 1898
Congress and the Executive, some
times together and sometimes in op
position to each other, undertook
to enlarge Federal powers while the
powers of the states were constant
ly being diminished.
The whole social and economic
picture of the nation began, in the
1870’s, to change from a system
based almost exclusively on agri
culture, forestry and mining, to one
based primarily on industry. Revo
lutionary new inventions began to
appear. Lines of communications
multiplied, the great industrial cen
ters began to develop and their
products to be distributed through
out the nation. For the first time
the United States began to be an
exporter of manufactured goods as
well as of agricultural raw pro
ducts.
Just as new ideas of Government
had been developed by the pioneer
settlers on the Atlantic Coast in
colonial days, so new ideas of the
relation of the government to the
people began to develop in the
pioneer West. As the population
of the newly created states grew,
their influence in national affairs
naturally increased. Before long,
pressure from the agricultural West
induced the Federal Government to
assume authority to regulate rail
road communications between the
states. There was serious doubt of
the Constitutionality of the inter
state commerce act, in the minds of
many, but the Supreme Court up
held it as coming within the pur
view of the commerce clause of the
Constitution.
out wncii, in 1077, v-rungrc^s un
dertook to enact a new income tax
law, the Court held it to be un
constitutional. The West, however,
was insistent upon an income tax,
and after 20 years of agitation the
sixteenth amendment to the Con
stitution, authorizing Congress to
impose a tax, was submitted and
ratified in 1913.
Out of the agrarian West also
came demands which gradually be
came irresistable, for other changes
in the Constitution.
The Spanish war of 1898 put the
finishing touch to the antagonisms
between the North and South and
launched the United States upon a
broader nationalistic career. So
tompletely dominant was Federal
supremacy that President Theodore
Roosevelt, in 1906, did not hesitate
to advance the idea that state lines
should be wiped out.
The power and authority of the
Federal Government spread in di
rections and to distances which the
framers of the Constitution could
never have foreseen. We annexed
Hawaii under President Cleveland.
We took possession of the Philip
pine Islands, 7,000 miles away
across the Pacific, and of Porto
Rico; almost at the end of the Civil
War we had purchased Alaska from
Russia and under the leadership of
Theodora Roosevelt we embarked
upon the gigantic enterprise of the
Panama Canal. Probably not one
of the men who sat in the conven
tion of 1787 would have called those
imperialistic expansion constitu
tional, but under the clauses au
thorizing Congress to regulate com
merce witr foreign nations and be
tween the states and to provide for
the common defense and the gen
eral welfare, the Supreme Court
held that the documentary basic
law of the land was sufficiently
flexible to warrant these acts.
XIV. THE WEST INITIATES
MORE AMENDMENTS
The two-party political system
under which the nation had grown
from its earliest days was threat
ened in 1892, when the so-called
Populist movement, originating in
the wheat-growing states, swept the
Western country and parts of the
South. This new People’s Party
elected many members of Congress,
and its candidate for President,
General James B. Weaver, received
22 electoral votes. This had a pro
found effect upon the Constitution
of the United States, for the de
mands for Constitutional changes,
made by so large a group of voters,
could not be ignored.
One of these demands was the
income tax, which, as has been
ponted out, was later adopted.
Another demand of the People’s
Party was for a change in the Con
stitutional method of electing
United States Senators; they should
be chosen by direct popular vote
instead of by state legislatures. The
new states that had been carved
out of the public domain had little
of the tradition of state inde
pendence which prevailed in the
older East. They were creatures
of the Federal Government, with
no previous independent existence.
To the people of the West, there
was nothing especially sacred in the
original plan of the Constitution,
which regarded the State Govern
ments, as represented in their leg
islatures, as somehow superior to
the people. The West had no es
pecial reverence for its own legis
latures; its people were mainly
farmers, with all of the farmer tra
dition of personal liberty and "rug
ged individualism.”
Another of the demands made by
the People’s Party for a Constitu
tional change was equal suffrage
rights for women.
The Democratic Party, in 1896,
captured the People’s Party by
adopting most of its tenets. These,
therefore, became partisan political
issues, so it was not until the Dem
ocratic Party had obtained Control
of Congress that these People’s Par
ty amendments to the Constitution
:ould be submitted to the states
for ratification. Like the income
tax amendment, it took 20 years
md more of public discussion to
bring about the 17th amendment
for direct election of Senators,
which was ratified in 1913.
The 19th amendment, giving na
tion-wide suffrage to women, in
1920. Prior to 1920 women had
been granted the right to vote in
22 states, beginning with Wyom
ing. This was another great popm
lar movement, which, like Prohi
bition, had its origin in the East
but its strength in the West.
When the United States entered
Don’t
Guess But
Know
Whether the “Pain”
Remedy You Use
is SAFE?
Don’t Entrust Your
Own or Your Family’s
Well - Being to Unknown
Preparations
THE person to ask whether the
preparation you or your family
are taking for the relief of headaches
is SAFE to use regularly is your
family doctor. Ask him particularly
about Genuine BAYER ASPIRIN.
He will tell you that before the
discovery of Bayer Aspirin moot
“pain” remedies were advised
against by physicians as bad feu- the
stomach and, often, for the heart.
Which is food for thought if you
seek quick, safe relief.
Scientists rate Bayer Aspirin
among the fastest methods yet dis
covered for the relief of headaches
and the pains of rheumatism, neu
ritis and neuralgia. And the experi
ence of millions of users has proved
it safe for the average person to use
regularly. In your own interest re
member this.
You can get Genuine Bayer
Aspirin at any drug store — simply
by asking for it by its full name.
BAYER ASPIRIN. Make it a
point to do this — and see that you
get what you want
Bayer Aspiria
the World War the majority of
the states had already voted them
selves dry. As a wartime emergency
measure Congress enacted a tem
porary national Prohibition act.
The opportunity was seized upon
for the submission of a Constitu
tional amendment for the perpetua
tion of national Prohibition. This,
the 18 th amendment, was ratified
in January, 1919. After 14 years
of unsuccessful efforts to enforce
prohibition, this 18 th amendment
was repealed by the 21st amend
ment, ratified in 1933. This is the
only instance of a Constitutional
amendment being repealed by an
other amendment.
It has been pointed out that Su
preme Court decisions have rarely
resulted directly or indirectly in
amendments to the Constitution.
One Supreme Court decision, how
ever, holding a law of Congress
unconstitutional, brought about the
submission of an amendment which
has been awaiting ratifications for
11 years. It would prohibit inter
state commerce in the products of
child labor.
The 66th Congress enacted a law
which had intended to prevent the
exploitation of children in industry,
but before its provisions became
effective the Supreme Court held
that this was an invasion of the
rights of the states and therefore
beyond the power of Congress,
the 68th Congress, in 1924, sub
mitted an amendment removing
that restriction upon Congressional
authority. Only 21 of the 48 states
have as yet ratified the child labor
amendment, which must be ratified
by 36 states before it becomes a
part of the Constitution.
NEXT WEEK: BRINGING THE
CONSTITUTION UP TO DATE
Nervous, Weak Woman
Soon All Right
"I had regular shaking spells from
nervousness,” writes Mrs. Cora San
ders, of Paragould, Ark. T was all
run-down and cramped at my time
untU I would have to go to bed. After
my first bottle of Cardul, I was bet
ter. X kept taking Cardul and soon
1 was all right. The shaking quit
and X did not cramp. I felt worlds
better. I gave Cardul to my daugh
ter who was In about the same con
dition and she was soon all right.”
Thousand* of woman testify Cardul bane*
flted thaw If It doaa not banatu WOO,
consult a ahyilciaa.
ROSCOE TURNER PHYSICAL INSTRUCTOR
Speed Flyer Charles Adams
CAMCLS COSTLIER TOBACCOS
Milestones Of
American Genius
This Unique Educational Feature
Illustrated 'by Jules lippit Will
Begin Soon in the Watchman
Regardless of differences on po
litical and economic questions the
American people are united in
their veneration for our great men.
In the 159 years since we became
a free and independent nation
American genius has flowered to
an extent unequalled in any other
part of the world. Study of the
lives of the outstanding figures in
American history is one of the
strongest incentives to patriotism
and national pride.
These thoughts are the basis of
a series of thumb-nail sketches en
titled, "Milestones of American
Genus”, which will begin in the
Carolina Watchman soon and con
tinue once a week for an indefi
nite period. Each article will re
view briefly a distinguished Ameri
can career. The series will in
clude writers, artists and inventors
as well as statesmen, generals and
captans of ndustry. The 1st in
cludes:
Miles Standish
George Washington
Thomas Jefferson
John Paul Jones
Eli Whitney
Robert Fulton
Daniel Wetster
Abraham Lincoln
JAPANESE OIL
Mad* la U. 8. A.
FOR HAIR AND SCALP
DMaraat Ira* Ordiaary Hair Taoiea
IT'S A SCALP UCDICINtl
Me 4)1. FEEL ITWORKI At All Druggl.fi
Writ* far FREE BaakM “Th* Truth Ahaut
Tha Hair.” Natlaaal Raaady Ca.. New Vark
^P—BMW—■—MMB—D
Robert E. Lee
Ulysses S. Grant
Mark Twain
J
Admiral Dewey
Theodore Roosevelt
Susan B. Anthony
Booker T. Washington
Elbert H. Gary
Samuel Gompers
Robert E. Peary
Augustus St. Gaudens
The illustrations will be both
novel and appropriate. Because
our patriotic pride in these men
has expressed itself in monuments
dotting our public parks and
squares in almost every city and
town, each article will have a pic
ture of an outstanding memorial
to the person described. For this
purpose original drawings have
been made by Jules Lippit, the
distinguished New York artist.
Many of these memorials are out
standing works of art.
The Memorial Commission that
prepared this series has arranged
for their publication simultaneous
ly in several hundred newspapers
throughout the United States.
Publication rights for this terri
tory have been granted exclusively
to the Carolina Watchman. Watch
[for the first artcle soon.
I THE
NEW G'E SETS
will change
your ideas
OF RADIO
Out of the “House
of Magic** came a
new Radio Miracle
... Priced as low as
$3440
Highest Trade-ins
... Get yours NOW
You can always tell a thoroughbred by I Steel Replaces f
" rdri , ■ Glass In Radio
And the New 1936 General Electric
Radio was sired and developed in the Tubes I
"House of Magic” . . . created by that
, . . , You will find that glass radio tubes
amazing group or scientists who havs
tapped the distant stars for energy, put have been replaced by tubes of
the mighty forces of Nature at the bid- steel ... by new metal tubes that
^ ^ ha^e eliminated "shielding cans”
Naturally, you expect much firom/ a , , ,
. i , , , , 11 and the crackles caused by them
radio with such a background—and the
new G-E receiver will not disappoint when they become loose,
you. “ “ ' 1
T. M. CASEY
320 North Main St. Phone 204