Newspapers / The Western Sentinel (Winston-Salem, … / April 6, 1860, edition 1 / Page 1
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6 . -:3i-JLf. ;voL:ix. SALEM, NORTH CAROLINA, ffilDAI MORNING. APRIL (j, ISM. NO. 51 6Tl)c Jeople s Prc50, ... . fCBlUIRB tEElLT -'BY I,. V. BLUM. f RUE. Tvo Hollar TMr, FA T ABLK ID AUVANCB. , jhur" No pspvr will be dricooiinued d il all " irreerages are paid, except at tbe option of tbe Editor. -CLFOBl.Wt in Copies for tie - " Ten i .Twratr -AJI pijmcili Invariably In advance. ' Any person procuring Fivs new fubsuritxrs and remitting Ten Dollar, will be entitled to a sixth eiipy gratis. TERMS 08. ADVERTISING. Out square, (fifteen Hoes or let.) first AMwamla'Wd jSrwt-0e'TwrriM every ubqnont insertion. Decoctions made io favor of standing advertiseuu uls, f r a square, as follows : For tbreo ni'.ntbg, t'i M For six months, 85 f0 For twelve months, . $S UU Professional or Business Cards, not JU d i n n 6ve I i dph iu length, Five I) llara a year, longer ones in proportion. Ittisttlhmfous. n. c. coramoN schools General ktatl!ir Jur Ibe Tear 1M59. The lending fac's of the ('omnion School ss teni for the year 1 59 , are but little different from those of ibe preceding year. The disposition to build ucw and better houses serins unnuilly to increase There baa uImi hero a very general and nimerial advance ment in 'be wuges of teacher.; and while this is a good .-ig'i u niil eau-e the schools to be of -lior'er duration, ur else to bo opened at less lr. qucM inierva'a 1. Ilic iiaaii.," of 7,i,rr in the Stale, -Tl re are report.-, more or has full, f the wh.de number . f white person-, in the Siato be- iwun i ii e ages oi u ami i year.-- ironi i ooun ties. Tbe sum of I hose is as follows, to wit: Males- '.)., I'.U ; Feuialos Sri,K77; and of those whose sen are not distinguished, 11, H78: making in all lhlt 174 .i ro .1 r i i. .hihifii atirHtiin:i , itixit there are i reporls, not generally fu'l, oi tbo number of children ulteiiding snhivil during tbo year (IS,1)!') in 77 e 'unties, the sum of which is; Males ol,4!)(5; Females 47,4 I 'J; in all, 108,1:8. I o littlt tivmber 0 srliutfl dutri' Is rtywrlvtl ' 7 counties report the uumber of'school dis- , tricts which they ooutain to be 8,873. 4. Awniner of jcoo Utvght. fbcre are re nnr a cf th r.e from 9 rouuties. the Bum ot 1 w.li(., j, o 75S i w.mn is - ... . ; 5. rWA?W,ceW -There are l,sl8, very , fCD'U'r ,,"alDC! RUa? , ?L"fit'1e tebcbent liceuscd in lowing is a stutcment ol ibe number: Malci 1.84U; V't m iles 15f; of those wbose sex not distinguished, 67; in all, 2,0(1Q, (i. Pie aiiiitijt! Uiiijlh of Ihe schools Was ; about four months. 7. Tin-iiivriiijr filuru of tpachprs was at I lea-t S2S per mouth, a material advanoa on , lormer prices j n Mtmrut mtwiu win exmnaea. 1 ne ro- ; ported receipts of school moneys by Chairmen of boards of County Superintendent) in 70 counties, were 8379,84- 61 J, The reported expenditures in the Fame counties, were, $;J35, 410 57), and the balance in tbe hands of chair men was $145,133 01. 9. Tuxes collected and due. fw tchoul pur posit fur the sckaiil year endiyj in tiejit- 1859. The wholo amount of taxes reported in 59 counties is $73,100 19, being an average of about 11238 to the county, which would make, the school tax of the whole Slats about $105, 000. 11 tyow. FIFTY-SEVEN PERSONS MURDEHED BY PIRATES. Singapore, January 21 Her Majesty's steamer Onrutt,v when about five days' steam ing above Buiij. rmsssing, was suddenly at tacked by about six hundred men in prahus. Theurew had not time to flrs more than one shot when tbe assailants wore in possession, and after murdering al! on boar.1, (seven offi. eers and fifty men) ibey ran tbe vessel aground lo reference to this report the Globe says 1 'We haw 'made ioqwirtra at tbe Admirality, and we find that tbo prefix 'H M. S-' to the vessel moat be incorrect. Io all probability the vessel lost was in tbe service of bis Motherland's Majesty, if it is a veftsel of war. To day's mails have brought accounts of all (ho v.ssels in her Majesty's service which eould have been an; were in the r-eigbborhoed, and there is ao report of any such occurrence. Tbe ves sel is probably named Qorustd, an was attack ed five days 'after steaming from Ranjermaa sing, up tbe river Jtenjier, in Borneo, which forms part of Doteb province." MURDERED. Dr. W, J. 8hallington, recently of Wilson, was murdered a few nights ago, on a boat run ning on white river, Arkansas. The citoum staneee are these: Tbe doctor very imprudent ly remarked, ia tbe hearing of the murderers, that be had, in bis pocket, $3,200. At night two men entered bis berth, murdered bim and took bis money, throwing tbe body overboard. $oon after this the boat slopped at a landing sud the two men got off, but tbe boat bad not gone fat before the murder was found out, And the. boat wa 1 put back to tbe landing, where one of the assassins was arrested, having in his possession some articles belonging to Dr. S. that were identified. Tbe other has escaped. ' Ral. Prtu. The total numhei of bogs packed in Cincin nati this season amounts to 432,051 head. Thai is in excess of any previous year. ' At Terra Haute, Indiana, toe paoEtrrthis season is titimated at 45,000 bog, Tb U also ah (noma. ' ' " '"' What a Suit nf Clothes caine to. "Mother," said George MaxweUf-'lhere it a poor boy in our school who I wish .ad some of my clothe. Tbe boys call him Pinch, be looks so pinched : but he is real clean, and hi knees and elbows are well patched ; he was dreadfully cold in school to-duy ; I know be was, he kept shivering so." 'The poor do not Buffer half so much from cohl as we think for," said bis aunt ; "they get used to it." "Let's see you try it," cried George. "Hugh, my son," said his mother. ' Well, mother, as if fleh and blood would not feel such weather as this with inser-fonty atliHti Aunt is copied wiih fianncl troui top to toe ; no wonder the doe u i know viDatcolu n. (leurc ami In. mini were not npt lo n-rroe, and tho worst of it was, they Hot Isn-t to disagree. '"What id Ins name besides Pim asked hi- iiiul her. lid I ?" J "Jed l.Uil. I .rurss lie has no lather, : urid I do nut know tt here le lives. 1 only i ami real pitiful . know lie in good tollow llnii Readier." I "Well, do a li v thl said Mrs. Ma.w-ll ' if you can . g for him, 1 shall lie very glad' to nave you. 1 "Good," cried George, turning to his ; book iioiun ; "before to-morrow night I'll 1 take the shiver out of poor Jed, if 1 can.": lie could now study better. 1 Jed was not at school the next forenoon i George asked where he lived ; none of the; boys knew, none at least that he asked.- j After sohool the master told him, andaway hn so.impored to find him. It was in an 1 old block of buildings in another part of . the town, whioh he made a business to search ; tnrougti antt tlirougli wiicn ne got there. I Presently there was a tap atone of the basement windows, and George spied Jed's p f . face at one of tlio squares. "Hallo !" he cried. Jed came to the door and peeped out, "Where are yon bound, down here ';" he asked. "Looking up you, old fellow," iaid George. "Mother is lining my trou ! sets, and I've got nothing to wear while she is doing it, " said the boy ; "I cannot ... 1 go out, so you come in. George went .into the little room where, tne unties uvea a poor wmow wun iouri children, whom the long and severe winter wis pinching to the yery extent of their SCauiY IDCanS. oUUU uux ui a SlUVe. ; LJ .1. 1, I A r wl,if,lu nA nArr nr of1 ; r " " , f few ; potatoes ; and Jed wuh old summer pants . y . ahoul,,(,r8 . ,v,.ik, ' his mother was bast.ng strips of flannel in' his school trousers, and they the best he had. It was the reality of oovertv which he seldom stw. 'ljust thought 1 would hunt you up, it 111 - 1 , - f 1- , jea, no sapt, miiKinj; as 11 to go, tor nc felt half ashamed of his thick his poor half-clad school m:ite. t'Thank you ever so much for coming ,1 , n ,'u ,! Wh. J"u . ee I almost froe in sohool yesterday, and ! mother did not want roe to go till she had time to fix me. She sews lor the shop, and has to sew for ui by piecemeal. 1 wish 'twas always summer, George, like the tropics geography tells about." "Poor Jed." said George to himself, as he ran home; "poor fellow, poor fellow." ''Mother," he orieil, as he bounded into the house with his glowing ohoeks, "I want to make up a bundle of my clothes fur Jed Little ; quick mother, quick ! "It is dinner-time, said Ins aunt, "Pinner ?" cried the eager boy ; "what do J cure about dinner, when poor Jed Little is freezing." But his txother quietod his impetuosity until after dinner, when she went up stairs with him and gave him leave to select a a full and comfortable suif for the poor boy. George shouldered the bundle, and took in Ins other band a tin pail lull ol din ner for tbe destitute family. "You are a good boy said bis aunt." Good ! am not good. I've not a bit of goodness in me," cried he. "My child, bow you speak to your aunt." said his mother gently laying her hund on his head. "I know it, mother," he ,answered, in a gentle tone ; "oh, I know it and it is rough in me ; aunt, will you forgive me for speak-. ing so ?" "Go," said aunt and mother, both smiling. "I have had a good visit ," said George, on his return, bringing home a serious, thoughtful, and softened look with him, "Jed could not speak, he only looked and looked : his mother did the thanking. 1 did not want thanks, only it seemed to do her good. Jed grabbed my hand when I came on, and (Ojueeied it so, "some time or other" said he, and that was all he oould sav. " Twenty years or more passed away, snd a poor miner was taken from ono of the Sacramento boats and landed at San Fran cisco. Poor, friendless, and sick, he was scarcely able to walk, and. sank down on a box of goods under a shed. In the hurry nobody noticed him, or noticing him thought it worth while to inquire into his misfor tunes. At last, when the bustle began to lull, a couple of men came along. "There's that poor fellow" they said, "he's never likely to see hM a. ante gain. Who it it?" asked m third. "Don't kaow h tame," answered on. Maxwell, I think," said the other; .uaaweu, a uown easier. The Dame arrested the attention of stranger, who stood Dear the wharf looking over an invoice of goods. "Maxwell! where?" They pointed him to the sick man, who seemed to have fallen asleep. He went towards him. "A good deal old er than any Maxwell I ever knew," he said. "Maxwell ! Msxwell !" he repeated half aloud, and the name seemed to flood him with memories which took him far, far back to his boyhood again. "Maxwell !" he said again, and again was drawn to the poor miner. ' Your same is Maxwell," be Saul, seeing him awake. "That is my name, sir. Georee ..it a .v- -u- "lr forge Maxwell., exclaimed ihe man, grasping the miner's thin hand in Ins right liotust, healthy grip. "God Lies , you ; and who am I but Jed Little, able to earrv a doacn of you on my back. Come, come, my homo n your home. It is all bummer with me now, and you shall aharc mv eum iner with me, ( Jeorge V ho run describe the meeliif", or the wonderful faithfulness of God's provide';. !', hereby a bundle of old cluthes, idanled "twenty y it is before yieblcd an abundant harvest fiirmlship, food, pe, khclter, ; medicine, and a prospect of better business ! tlian iiinnng cotilil ever tie to one so cately brought up us George Maxwcl .Kli- lia.l been. Diving for Sponge. An important resource for the fisherman consists in the sponge and pearl fisheries. tiursue this employment with success, ;t ; judispensible that " the sea should be cam an,j I)ot more tnan tlsirty feet deep, Those who fish for oyster Dearls. and the large shell fish called buooinium tritonmm. descend to a very considerable depth. These men are exnoqed to real danger The chama gigas, an enormous bivalve, ' . which exists in the seas of Greece as well ! ' as of India, has strength enough to bite a ! i .cable in two. ha shall weighs no less than i -);-,n lha and tb fish itlf about 100 lh. ! It is a scene of no small excitement to sce two men go forth stripped, in a diminu- . , , . tlvP boat, armed only with a knife stuck m their leather girdle. To watch them as they hx their gaze upon the deep ; then, ol a sudden, to see one of them extending his arrn9 and doping his hands, make a plunge. - . . . . lip qnnn rnnnnparQ nhnvp thP narna uil h n . t i a i i i . .1 1 m 11 s nana wnicn ne ueposucs in the boat, and immediately prepares for the! r. nn 1 durina the duv and 'returns .0 '-is home;11" There is a look by which a man tell, you ! overoome by fatigue and blcedini from no; n,l . " Should cramp attack him while under the water, it is all up with him : and equal - . . . . . . . ly miserable would be his fate should he encounter a Uvnlve at tne bottom 01 tne sea. Even should he escape these dangets, which are ever present to him, he may per - chance get entangled in the floating net of the chiiuagriphaide, from which he would try in vain to extneato himself ; and hav ing by good luck avoided those hnxards, he yet stands a chance of ending his days in the jaws of u shark- H05W we abuse our Stomachs. No other civilized people probably, are accustomed to abuso their stomaohs so bad ly as we Americans of the United States. Our food is often badly chosen, still more frequently spoiled in cooking, and almost always eaten in utter disregard of digestio rules. We eat far too much fresh meat, (and especially pork, in its most objectiona ble form) and too little bread, vegetables and fruits. Our hot raised biscuit, hot oriddle cakes, saturated with butter, and the hot, hlack, intolerable coffee whioh form the staple of our breakfast, are, in the way in which they are taken, among the most deleterious articles ever put upon the table. Pies are another American abomination, and have no small share of our ill-health to answer for. The mince pie as it is generally made, is the abomina tion of abominations. Some describe it as "very white and indigestible at the top, verv moist and indigestible at the bottom. and untold horrors in the middle." Even our bread is unwholesome. It is of the fi nest of fine flour and fermented till its natural sweetness and a largo portion of its nutritive elements are destroyed, or wised with those poisonous chemicals, soda and cream of tartar. In either case it is unfit to be eaten. Tbe rich cakes our good housekeepers deem bo indiapensible are still worse, and so on. Now add to our badly chosen dishes and our objectionable cookery, the rapid eating and imperfect mastication, and the continually interrup ted digestion whioh dor intense and feevsr ish life necessitates, and we have a compli cation of abuses which, one must believe, have long since utterly destroyed the vital stamina ot any people not origins uy en dowed with marvellous physical powers. Jaynes' ITintttowardtPhtftiealerfectia, A so an sentenced to be baaged was visited by bis wife, who Hid : "My dear would you like the children, to see you executed ( ' "Nor he replied. "Thai is just like yon; you never wanted tne children to have any enjoinjent." , Snake-Worship in Africa. .According to a correspondent of th ios ttm Post, now in Africa, the people there . Mre some curious ideas on relit igious 'jues- tJolis: fThe chief obiect of worsbio in Wl.vJah. f'w onakes and a large Cottonwood tree. There is l snake house which I used to go often to see. The snakes are of the boa species, and from 5 to 16 feet in length. A 01 can almost always see them crawling ibcmt the streets. When the natives see t. ibeyfkn down and kiss the earth. tl y'are perfectly harmless, as I have of -eeo the natives pick them up and car- the letisn house, it n not i 8H-r you in the morning, as the huls are without doors. 1 had my lodgings in irhat was once an English fort, but is now in ruins, and is a favorite rtsoit of snakes. 1 never found one in my room, but one morning in the room adjoining mine, T found one almost seven feet long The penalty for killing one is for a white person the price of sixty "-laves, now -,-'10. For a native, he is shut up in a bamhoo house, and ll.i " tin1 house is set n fire. The poor fellow has the privilege of getting out il tie Cnn, ami run lor the lag oon, a distance oi two nines, loiiowed liy the mob, and if he reaches the water he is I free, liut very few can ever avail them selves of this water cure. It is a great ; dodeje with the fetish man, if he knows that ! you are peculiarly averse to this kind of ( 'god, to bring them near your house and put them down, knowing they will enter, and he will be sent for to come and take 1 them away, for Winch he gets a lew strings , oi oowrits. ( Tbe Eyes. An eye can threaten like the loaded gun, oaoinsnit iiienissingor s.cs,ng:orin its .1 , tertd mood, by means cf kiudness can make ' .k aL ;.k Th. l.. i ha Koa w4 i4attrA Willi mv lhfl Pv n u v a a w actly tbe acuon of the mind. When a thought i (-trikei up, tbe vi-ion ia fixed, and remains looking at a distanoe in enumerating names of ; persons or countries-as Franoe, Spain, Britain, i or Germany ibe eye winks at each new name Ther! D l,0De8,y. iu ,be "bich . ,h "V0? n"T? "t , as Michael Angelo said, "mii't his measure in , hu E ,re Md jiou IUD. ai k ; ' Xbe lU M u ' tb , d l,,,UnMi. ta aid in th ph.. ttoo oi their language, tbey respect neither rank DOr fortune, virtue nor fcx, but they go 1 . . . . . . " : fhrnuth nnd thrnutrh v-iu in n momrnt nt timr v.. j . - V 3 1". wh'le you talk with him, wbcihtr your argu I ment hits, though bis tongue will not 0Df08s , h7 lsKmn8 l0,8a,1 a,K -'. g and a look , I "'on "ys wuen ne uas saiu 11 v': 1 ( ...... ara An ,kA c .. , it . f ! hoRpiulll;fi if lheie is no buiia,T in tl o fve j 1 unm ,, ;;,,.; ,vr,A hv th"n - - J '- - . - ? " 1 ; though the lip dissemble? How ofien does 1 - one come liom a company in which it may easi 1 ly bappeu be baa said nothing: that no im j portent reniaik has been addressed to him, and jet, in his sympathy with the compary, he j seetna not to have a sense of this fact, lor a stream of light has been Sowing into him and out of bim through his eyes. As soon as men are of tbeir centers the eyes show it. There arc eyes, to be sure, that gives no more arimis nion iuto ihe man than blue berries. There are liquid and deep wells that a man mihi fall into; there are asking eyes, and asserting eyes, and prowling eyes, auu eyes iuii 01 iauu anu some of cood and somo of sinister omen. Tl power of eyes to charm down insanity or beasts is a power behind tbe eyes, that must be a vie tory achieved ia the will before it can be sug gested to il.e organ; but the man at peace or unity with himself would move through men and nature, commanding all things by tbe eye alone. The reason men do not obey us is, that they see the mud at tbe bottom of our eyes. Whoever looked on tbe hero would consent to his will being served; be would be obeyed. R II'. Emerwn. THE SHOEMAKERS' STRIKE. A correspondent of tbe N. Y. Journal of ComBMCS) writing from Boston respecting tbo shoemakers' strike, communicates the following interesting facts : Tbe boot and shoe manufacturing interest in Massachusetts is supposed to be that yielding the largest inoome. Tbe annual sales in a good year amount to some $00,000,000. There are from forty thousand to fifty thous and persons employed in manufacturing these goods; or uy a twenty-fonrth part of all the inhabitants of the State. You will thus not wonder at the "ao small stir" among ibis large class, whoa its real or financial interests are touched. These people are also found in con siderable numbers ia southern New Hampshire and Maine, and elsewhere in the Eastern States. Many manufacturers of shoes of our aeqoain tanee have become wealthy, but not morn in proportion than tbe saannfaetnrers of cotton, woollen and other goods Perhaps the laborers in all our factor tra have not nb para any too mach Those who live here know very well that the most of ear shoe towns are the most extreme of any we have in their violence to wards the Konthera 8tates and their institu tions This it Manifested by their vtes and by the Abolition Conventions that are enter tained by them. Mow that tbey ate suffering for tbe lack of that trade whioh their bitterness baa driven away, tbey may be led to ask, 'Wbat have we gained by waging war upon tbe domestic ineiitaiioas of our sister States? What bu bumaalty gained I Aye, as tach baa she lost by it 7 for te do at soften men's hearts by raisiag a whirlwind of violence aad denunciation against theot, bat by meon, by y gvod wiUa4-jr leve." As Excellent Letter tor ika Tine. ' Tie 1'biliddpLia Ixrdgrr rt publi.bed the fuliowiog Iriti r, written by 1'auiel Webster Dearij eight year ago" LfTTIS KK.'M IAMH WIBSTLB t a i l.ia. Wasuim.ti.m, March IT, 1 85'J. John Ta ler : (;.. a bead Tbt heart of tbe winter ia brokes, aod before ta Drat dn of April all vwr land may be ploughed bay the oien of ('apt Manton, if yoo tbiok tbt price fair Pay for I be bay. I eod you a check for $160, fur these twoobjec's. Put tbe uieo in a condition Lo be tDrned out nrl think io addition lo tins four oien and a pair , of four year old aietr, will do yoor work ll ) "U Ibiuk o, then dinp ae of tbe Hie veni oicd, or unyoke tbeui and aend ibeui to paiiure for U-ef. 1 know not whin I .-.bail bci yuu, but 1 h -p Ix-fore planting If yu nci-d onyihinp, fucti aa guano, for iiiftance, write to Joseph lircck, 1 . . . li'.nU'D, and hi ,, t-nd it to you Whatever ground you sow or plant, see that it is lu a good condition We waul uo yny : no'i t rcjtt ' A In tie firm well tilled" is to a farmer the next best thing to "a litile ifc well willed." Cultivate your garden. lie sure to produce sufficient quantities of eful veg tables. A man may half sup;ort his fam- "J ",,m g'- Jake care to keep mJ mother's garden in good order, even if it con you the wsges of a man lo take care of it. I have sent you many garden feeds. Dis- ood tribute them among your neighbors Send lucm ,0 lnp 6lurea in ,1,,, vj that every-! body may have apart of them without eost.i0la. In 1557 another expedition was pre i am glad that you have cho-en Mr Pike rep- pared, and Queen Elizabeth protected and reseolative. He is a liue man; but ibere are ' shared io the traffic. Hawkins, in one of his io New Hampshire many persons who call i i . .- meuiscivc. n uign-.no aie uo n Dies at an, hDd 00 be,,el than diaunionia s. Any maa who hesitates in granting aDd securing to etery part of tbe country its constitutional right is . en.m- , ,e WBOi. cm.,.!,. "Jobs Taylor: If one of yoor boys ahonld say that bo honors bis father aod mother, and loves his brothers and sisters, but still insists that one of them should be driven out of the family, what can you say of him bat this, that there is no real family love in him ? You and I are farmers; we never talk politics; our talk I : . k... .l:. l .a y ho attempts to excite one part of the country ....... . . g'nst aoo.her, is just as wicked as he would be who should attempt to get op a quarrel be tween John Taylor aod bis neighbor, Captain Uurleigh. There arc some animals that live best in tbe fire; and there are some men who delight in heat, smoke, combustion, and even - general conflagration. Tbey do not follow the t bings which make for peace. They enjoy only controversy, cunintiou aod strife. Have no communion with such persons, either as neigh bors or politicians. You have no nurre right to say that slavery ought not to exist in Va. tban a Virginian has to say that slavory ought to exist in New Hampshire. This is a question left to every State to docido for itself; and, if we mean to keep the Stntes together, we must leave to every Stats this power of deciding for jtscjf "I think I nover wrote you a word before on politics. I only say, love your country, and your whole country; and when men attempt to persuade you to get into a quarrel with tbe laws of other States, tell them 'that you mean to mind your own business,' and advise them 10 mind theirs. John Taylor; you are a free man; you possess good principles: you have a large family to rear and provide for by youi labor. Be thankful to the Oovernmen1 which does not bear yon down by excessive t xation, but which holds out to you aod to yours the hope of all the blessings which liberty, indus. try and rcourity may give. John Taylor ; thank God, morning and evening, that you were born in such a oountry. John Taylor : never write me another word upon polities. Give my kindest remembrance to your wife and children; and when you look from your eastern windows upon the graves of my family, remember thai he who is the author uf this letter must soon follow them to another world. 'DANIEL WEBSTER." COFFEE, TEA, AND SUGAR. Tbe consumption of coffee in the United States has increased from fifty-four millions of pounds in 1834 to two hundred and. fifty-one millions in 1859. In 1831 the consumption was three pounds per head ; at tbe present time it ia eight pionds. lu price was lowest ia 1849, wben it was sold about the at me ones -as duties levied upon it at the custom bouse prior to 1833;. The average price for the last thirty years has been below 6 cents per pound. The consumption of lea has in creased during the same period from thirteen mi.lioos of pounds to thirty-six millions. Its average price for tbe last twenty $Te years has been forty -eight oents per pound. The average duties levied upon it at the MatotR house prior to 1833 was 82 seats per ponnd. Tbe oon sumption of sugar during the same pe riod has inoreased Iron one hundred and ninety-five million of pounds to eight hundred and e-hty-fov.r millions Its price was lowest in 1 1842, and for three years bV.ow fear tents nor v 1 eouad. ott 4 mi I . n Ortgla of Slrrery. Mr H.ocrvft, io tbe first voiuma of bis bi tory of tbe l olled J"s"-i, giea 8 aeoool o ibe early lraS of ibe Eur?peaos in slaves. Ia ibe middle agra tbe Venetiana purekased arhiU men, I'br aliant aod otbera, and aold them to tbe Karaceoi id Sicily and Sptin. Ia Kaglaaa tbe ADglo Saxon Dobility told tbeir aervaota as tlavei to foreigners. The Portooose first ioo ported negro alaves from western Africa ioto Kuropc in 1442. 8paiu soon engaged ia the traffic, aod negro slaves aboonded ia some places of ibat kisgdooi. After America was discovered the Indians of Hispaniola war im ported iuto Spain and Bade ilavea. The Bpaa- kidnapped thousands of ihe Udiaoa, whom they tnn.irted into tlavery in Europe and tbe Wept Indies. Columbui himself kidnapped oiMi native Americans aod sent them into Spain, that tbry might be publicly sold at Seville. The practice of selling North A men can Indians into bondage continued two oentn ne. N'-gro slavery was first introduced iuto America t j SjiaLish elavehuldera who ei'igra ted with tbeir negroes. A royal edict of Spaia a-nboriaed negro slavery io America in 1518. Kiug Ferdinand srnt trotn Seville fifty slaves to labor iu the mines In 1531 the direct traffic in slaves between Africa and Hispaniola was enjoyed by royal ordinauoe. Las Casas, who saw the Indians vanishing away before the cruelties of tbo Spaniards, suggested that the negroes, who alone coold endure severe toils, might be furiher employed. This was 1518. Sir John Hawkins was the first Englishman that engaged in the slave trade. In 1552 he transported a large cargo of slaves to Uispan- expeditions, set fire to an African city, and out ... of three thousand inhabitants succeeded in seising two hundred and sixty Jas. Smith, of Boa toe, and Tbos. Kcyser first brought the coloaies to participate in sla very. Ia 1654 tbey iatported a eargo of ne groes. Throughout Mssaachueetta tbe cry of justice was raised against them as malefactors and morderer; the guilty men were commit td for tbe offence, and the representatives of the people ordered th negroes to be restored to th. ir native country al the public expense. At a later period there were both Indian and negro slaves io Massachusetts. In 163S a Dutch ship eLtered James river and landed twenty nr groes for sale. This was tbe epoch of the introduction of slavery into Virginia. For many years the Dutch were principally concerned in the slave trade, io the market ofViigioia. FORWARD SPRING WORK EARLY. "Take time by the forelock" is as good a maxim for farmers as for others. Whi'e there arc some kinds of labor that can only be per formed at particular seasons, there are others that tan be done at any time, wben the weath er favors out door operations. The spring, in all the northern part of our oountry is a very brief season, and upon the farm it is unusually overcrowded with work. Slack farmers espe cially, leave every thing to this season. The manure is not carted until the ground is settled; the ploughing is put off nntil May, and tbe planting until June; the potatoes and oats that flourish best io cool weather are forced so ma nure in the heat of dog days and rot, rust and smut are otten the result of tbe late sowing and planting. Something can be done even at this eesaew, to help on the spring work. The wood house is, or ought to be already filled, so that the axe will not need to be lifted, to prepare fuel, from March to December. A good part of the saa- nure can be eartod now much better than in planting time. Tbe ground is now froten so that the cart path to the field to be ploughed, is soon worn ss smooth as a railroad . It will be a much less tax upon tbe strength of a team to draw a hundred loads of manure now, tban tod 1 it in April, when the team is pressed with ploughing and other farm work. It is pretty well established now, that yard manure prepared in the isual way with muok and loam, does not lose much of its value when piled up in large heaps in the field where it is to be used. From our own experience we do not think green stable manure would be injured by the same treatment, if it were well mixed in the field with muck or peat. The piles should be made long, narrow, and high, say five or six feet, ao as to shed a part of the rain. If any of the meadows are to be dressed with fine eon post, there is no better time than the present to do it. The sward will be eut up. and the warm spring tains vO carry down the, fertilising properties of the manure to the roots of plants. This must not be done, how ever, on rolling land, or on steep kill sides where the rains would wash off part of the na- nnra before the frost comes eat of the gTon.nd, A large portion of the spring work m W anticipated before winter breaks up, and then tbe ntrmer ean seise ape the hast timo to, plant snd sow, and drive his work all through, . tbe season Instead of 1W drive. "1 W - 4 . .1 - Wn1" ("-"rV.3rW' irN
The Western Sentinel (Winston-Salem, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
April 6, 1860, edition 1
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