Newspapers / The Western Sentinel (Winston-Salem, … / April 2, 1891, edition 1 / Page 1
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i f JOB PRINTING L.V. & E. T. BLUM, Publishers and. Proprietors is mil m imvEXt U nppUad 1U all ainmry Mltl, ul U rally prepared to d vork wttfc NEATNESS, DtSFATOM, AJr AT m ' VERY LOWEST PRICES Terms Cash in Advance. On Ccpj, on year. .$1.50 ' idx months... ....... .75 " " three months............;.. .45 I A Family Newspaper Devoted to Literature, Agriculture and General Information, to give as a trial Reduction to Clubs, See Inside. aettin wltt aayeas VOL. XXXIX SALEM, N. C, THURSDAY, APRIL 2, 1891. NO. 14. The new Japanese Parliament refuses to allow ladies to lpten"td the debates. : Illinois and "Wisconsin have in which the Euglish language used. counties is never, It is stated that although the college men in the United States are only a frac tion of one per' cent, of the voters, yet they hold more than fifty 1 per cent, of the highest offices. There teems to be a strange fatality as- e6ciated with the office of Secretary of the Treasury. Within a few years three Secretaries have died during their terms Folger, Manning and Wiudom. 1 Statistics on the foreign commerce of the Port cf Isew York lor the past year Bhow that over one-half of the foreign commerce and nearly two-thirds of the imports of the United States passed through that port. According to the St. Louis Republic, there are ai.uuu lewer people living on the farrns and in the villages of Massa chusetts now than there were in 1S60, but there are 1,032,000 more people in the citi3 than there were at the same date. " A LTJL.IA.BY. Tiny rays of golden light t Through the halt-closed shatters stream, Shifting lines upon the night, I Slender as the moon's first beam. Hearts are gladdened by the glow j Shed upon the winter air, j And a voice that's soft and low Steals from out the casement there, , Soft and low a mother sings i' To the baby d& her breast; While the tendes music brings Thoughts of loving hearts at rest. Years fly bode; I look again Into two eyes sweet and deep; i Eear a mother's low refrain "Sleep, my little baby, leep.n Pausing at the cottage gate, In the stream of. golderi light, For a little time I wait Years have lived again that night. . Day I thought had passed away, Came back to me with a sigh; . Called up by a home-like ray, And a mother's lullaby. - Then the mother's sweet song dies; Through closed blinds I see the bed Where a sleeping baby lies Smiling lips and curly head. Then a prayer I whisper low Bless the little one unknown, ' For the sake of long ago- Then I gO my way alone. F. S. Mines, in Oodeis Home Journal, He felt The Boston Transcript chronicles the fact that the picturesque and extraordi nary phases of life which characterized the old Japan are rapidly passing . away as Western civilization is obtaining greater and greater foothold ia the country. v ' ' The United States of old supplied the world with .mackerel. To-day, la ments the New Orleans Times-Democrat, it does not . catch enough for home use, , and the greater-portion of the mackerel it consumes are imported, the country paying out ovsr $10,000,000 a year for foreign fish. Molly's Experiment. BY EMMA A. OPPEB. 'Going to teach school!" Harry Bur tun echoed, much as though Molly had said she was going to Sonth' Africa. 1 "I commence next Monday," said Molly, merelyjiand commenced, mend ing the lace ruffle of a white apron, j .-i Harry strove for a like indifference and composure. This was made difficult by the fact of Molly's older sister, Celia, having gone behind Molley for the pur pose of communicating her sentiments to the caller, m dumb show. Her senti ments seemed to be humorous despair and" resignation. 1 ' ' "Where is the school! ' Harry inquired, stiffly. District Says the Baltimore Herald: Hump, one of the Indian chiefs who recently visited Washington, is as straight as an arrow and a strikingly h ihdsome savage. Little Wound was never wounded in his life, and Young-Man-Afraid- of-His- Horse is the most daring rider of all the Bioux tribc3. . You can't trust even a rsdskin3 name. The Detroit, Free Press protests that the haughty pride of a haughty Indian j chief is all bosh. "From old Red Cloud ' down to the lowest sub-chief," scoffs j i the Michigan humorist, "they will beg,' I borrow and steal, and a plug of tobacco ! thrown into tke mud will result in a ; scramble like dogs after a bone. They brag and boast, but have no real pride. The Chicago Herald estimates that the ; recent Indian campaign will co3t the people of the Unite .1 States not less than $2,000,000, Of this nearly $1,000,000 ,was spent on transportation of troops arid supplies; 187,702 for extrV cloth ing" and garrison equipage for a winter (campaign, 70,000 for horses broken down and S7.000 ' for difference in price of supplies purchased for troops in the.'field and the price at the post "where the troops were duawn. -! A census bulletin just issued shows not only the radical" changes that have taken place in the class of vessels used for transportation on the great lakes, but the increase in the tonnage and valuation during a, brief period of five years. In 1S86 the net tonnage was G3,652; in 1890 it had reached 826,360, an increase of ,191,708 tons. The estimated value of these vessels' in 1835 was $30,597,450, and in 1890 the aggregate valuation was $53,128,500, an increase compared with 1886 of $27,531,050. The figures pre sented also show that sailing .vessels are fast giving place to vessels propelled by 6 team. "Four miles north of here. number twelve," said Mollv. "Have you positively engaged itfj For the life of him, Harry could hot help gasping. He had been at a dance with Molly the night before, and Ishe had worn pink roses on a pink China silk gown. Jtot that the Pames were rich; but good gracious! neither were they poor. j "Certainly!" said Molly. "I applied two weeks ago, and I had a card from the directors yesterday. I am engaged, and am to begin next week,. i! Molly went to the work-table i for some thread. Molly was rather petite. with a pretty complexion, a straight small nose, a charmingly moulded mouth. She was always as proudly self- posed as though she was twice eighteen and a half , and to-day she was, to Harry Burton, maddeningly so. ' ; . ' J "For how long a term?" he queried, the bewildered, exasperated, miserable feeling which had taken possession of him deepening every minute. , I "Ten weeks." Jlolly threaded her needle. . "Until February, then !" Harry rnur mured. "Shall you come home! for Sundays?" - " ' . ' : 'Probably not, often," said Molly; "Are you fixing that thing to wear?" Harry demanded. . ' "This apron. Yes. You can hardly be a school-teacher ! without an apron," Siid Mollv. . vs She raised her pretty brows lightly at his angry vehemence. The sun struck: through the window on her hair, which was a rich red-brown; her lips, softly parted, showed her white teeth; her blue gray eyes were lowered. " I Harry Burton, throbbing with! his honest love for her, which had been long growingTTfthin mm, suffered such a wretched '&g that he winced. ! He w6ntot be treated so like a boy a baby 1 He would not j pretend anything but disgust for the nonsensical prank she was playing, it seemed to him, chiefly for his tormenting and jucceed- laughing, and he did not care desperate. He told himself that he would go over to Cella in a minute, if she wasn't spoken fori He was sick of Molly's freaks and whims.' In view of this absurd affair, it seemed to him that she always had been whimsical which was an injustice. Teach school a district school! She was out of her senses. What did she mean by it? Harry felt an all but s uncontrollable wish to go back and shake her. He thrust hi3 hands into his overcoat pockets and whistled dismally. Why, he shouldn't even see her again, he didnt ;know when. He was more than dismal; he was an gry and sulky. .He felt the need of a little comfort and mental quietude, and he thought he would go around and see Alvita; amd acting on the resolve, turned into a side street and knocked at a modest door. i " ' The "week which followed iwas one which hei never forgot, for in it lay his first taste of real unhappiness, which grew into settled gloom He went to, the lecture alone. He had been womt to take Molly Paine to every thing of merit that came along. He went sleighing; and felt so wretchedly lonesome that he got home as quick as possible. He wento a small party, and grew to positively: dislike the pretty girl he took in to supper and went home with, because she was not Molly Paine. - .' " He fussed and moped and chafed, and on Friday afternoon he went to see Celia,. 4 ' "Do you expect Molly to-nightl" he asked, j And when Ueiia said no, he got up and went; out like one m a dream, or like a young man possessed of a single idea an idea he had battled against, but which had ; overcome him. He went home, got his horse into his cutter, took some hot bricks and a soapstone and went off in search of district number twelvo. ! . He found it by dint of indus trious in quiry. Within short space be was pull ing up at the door of a little schoolhouse, vt hich had been white once and was brown now, set in the middio of a big, bare yard. : The snow was up to the fence on either side, being tramped down in the middle by many small feet. "Disnmlest hole I ever struck!" Harry muttered, and tied his horse at the one post and strode to the door. Molly answered his knock Molly her self; Mollv in a brown dress and white apron lboking rather prettier than ever before and ten times as capitivating. Her lover's heart rose to his throat, and he stammered over the greeting he had meant to utter with dignity. He fancied that Ulolly pasped and shrank a, little. In view of the self-possession he had always known in her, he doubted it. At least she recovered immediately, and shook hands and said, "How do you do?" and replied to his inquiry that she was well, and walked before him across the room. The platform held two chairs. Harry took one. He was rather discomposed. He had supposed that school would be out. 'I . But the round clock on the wall point ed to half-past three, and he knew the barbarous four o'clock rule of district schools.) - Mollv; who , held an open book, was goiDg on with a recitation, pacing slowly up and: down before her class, her head her lover could credit, but she was cry ing. I 'You yot came so suddenly 1 she whispered, chokingly. ."I wasn't look ing for you, and oh, dear !" She gave up and turned away, help lessly tearful. I But Harry turned, too, and bjno means .could he help - it put his strong and eomforting arm around her. It was a question after that of who should break the silence, jrhich stretched itself alarmingly. Harry di4 at last. For a light had had brokenlovcr him, and he meant to sift matters. "What made you do it jMolly?" he de manded. "Was it couhf it be anything to do with met" , A silence, and then a low murmur. . And, under protest, a few more tears. "Good gracious!" the young man cried. "You never believed that? Molly Paine, yorf didn't? By George ! who put that into your head?" "Jenny Ford," the injured tones mur mured. Jenny Ford !" said Harry, in a stage hissJ ' . She was the pretty girl he had disliked at the party because she was riot" .Molly. Now he abominated her. "Is she crazy?" he fumed i , "She said she'd heard it.'f "But anybody knows better every body! You, Molly! Have you lived in Perry all your days not to know that I'm Alvira Austen's cousin?" "I knew you were some distant con nection," Molly whispered, trying to gei her hand free, and failing. "I'm her 'first cousin third remove,' as they say. We're third cousins. Well, and you know she s 'quite i some older than I?" "I didn't tjhink that made any differ ence. bhe s pretty and stylish. "So she is; and a good girl beside!' said Harry, warmly. "There's only-one prettier and better. Well, and you knew she was going to marry Mr. John Chap man, of . Fomeroy, next March the clothier, you know?" j "No, I never I" said Molly, stoutly, "She isr though, and a good match he is. One thing you did knbw, Molly," said Harry, gravely, "and that is that Ij never cared for anybody but you, 'and never would and never could. To have doubted what you knew so well all for a nonsensical rumor I Molly I" ' He softly boxed her ears. "Come now," he said, when a second happy silence was over and he laughed again, mercilessly "come, you re not going to teach school any longer? Now.j that" you've proven that you're utterlyj indifferent to me, and entirely able to take care of yourself, and more than! anxious to get along without me, wcn't vou- say good-Dye to district numoeri twelve?" "Never," said Molly "never! I'm- a tremendous success. The school likes me, and the parents are pleased with ine and the directors are delighted. I'm & revolution, a cyclone, and I'm going toi stay. You can come after me Friday "WORDS OP WISDOM. single TheTreward of one duty done ia the power to fulfil another. The fear of being called a coward makes lots of cowards act like brave men. ' The turn in the long road traveled by most men k usually the turn into the cemetery. - . "Tis astonishing how soon the whole conscience begins to ravel if , a etich is dropped. The sudden death of a friend of his own age has a greater effect on a man than 1000 sermons. The world is getting on towards 6 o'clock in the morning, instead of 6 o'clock in the evening. When you find two men, in thi. same business who claim to be friends, you have two more hypocrites. . There probably never was a man so good that he did not hope in his htart that his successor would be a failure. If people worked as hard after a mar riage to keep each other as they did be fore the engagement to win each other, marriage would be more of a success. Why is it that everyone has something to be ashamed of? The fact that there are no exceptions to the rule would seem to indicate that no one can be wise enough to prepare for to-morrow's evil. Good manners are the settled medium of social life, as specie is .of commercial life; returns are equally expected of both; and people will no more advance their civility to a bear, than they will their money to a bankrupt. FALCONRY.' JL REVIVAL OP ONE OP THE NET DIVERSIONS. Ylcturesque Description of the Sport How to Train a Hawk for Field Purposes Ameri can Birds ot Prey. A rainbow had been shattered by the hammer of Thor, "and the fragments were scattered over the western sky; a blood-red highway ran in a straight line . over the sea to the sun, which rested like a ball of molten metal on the horizon. There was a sudden rushing sound, and bolt from heaven struck in the midst of the Bun path, scattering a shower of jewels' that reflected back the Bunset hues of the sky. An instant later an Ameri can osprey rose from the waves with its glistening prey in his talons. It was a noble sight a grand plunge, an uner ring aim, a skilful and quick recovery ; and as I watched the bird rise higher and higher over my boat, and thought what grand and artistic and intensely interest ing sport it would be to discard our hooks and lines, our creeping and crawl jng and disgusting bait, and to substi tute a ring or perch 'of osprey s, hooded and belled like the falcons of old. It was an enchanting fancy, and nothing but the grim "necessity of being com pelled to make a living has deterred m from carrying out the idea. , By the classification of States made by . the Census Bureau, Ohio, Illinois, Wis- . consin, Iowa, the Dakotas, Nebraska, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri and Kansas form the "Northern Central Division," while Montaua," Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, Idaho,' Washington, Oregon and California form.the "Western Division," : , the others being the North Atlantic and Boutnera. central. , mis recognizes no Eastern Statcs.notc3 tho Boston Tran script, but it is not improper to apply that term to all those east of the Missouri River, for the centre of the United States from east to west between New York and San Francisco is west of the Missouri. The former ', customers of a Berlin (Germany) restaurateur will have the sympathy of epicures everywhere. ''Mine host has but recently failed, and the set tleraeut of his j affairs has brought to light a very peculiar bit of trickery Venison was always to be had at his place, and it must': have been a popular dish as venison is necessarily scarce and expensive in Berlin, One of the res taurateurs creditors is a dealer in horse flesh, and that gentleman has brought in a largo bill; Inquiry develops the fact that the venison of the establish ment was nothing else than this same horseflesh. The revelation is a cruel " one . and seems almost unnecessary. v When a man is eating horseflesh and sup poses that he is eating venison he is all right. He is, practically, eating veni eon. And it is a misfortune and a loss, financially and otherwise, if he is ever ' enlightened on the gubjecU ing, if so. "Good-by, then! " he said, coolly ris ing. ,"l m going to .fomeroy to-mor row, and if youaeave next week, good- by!" ;-.'. . , ; ji, v: ' . He shook hands with Ceha warmly , and with Molly distantly, and stalked i out. Ceha took him to the front door. Celia was pretty, too. : i "I don't know," she murmured, frown ing in sympathy with the irate young man, and smiling because she couldn't help it, "what ails Molly. It's ridiculous We've all talked and argued and implored and here's the result. 1 1 was suie jshe'd back out, and I haven't said a word to any body about it. I've been positively ashamed to. But she s going to do it- she actually is-and now it will have to come out. I don't know what all the! girls will say. - If she'd ever done anything of the kind before or if she needed the money or if anything! But for jMolly to ao in Celia laughed, helplessly. But this was unsatisfactory. '- ,. "uon t you know what her reason is anyhow?" Harry asked, bluntly, j Celia dropped her eves, uelng a wo man and a sister, she thought she knew But how could she say to Harry Burton that she suspected Molly's freak tp have a not verv remote connection with., him self? j ' i: That she was fairly convinced that Molly Was hurt, or incensed, or jealous, or being at sea as to the cause,!! Celia could not rightly gauge Molly's emo tions; but she knew something was . wrong. ' ' : How could she tell him that she deemed Molly's startling act to be a - re bellious, indignant attempt to even mat tersto show him her indifference to go away from him altogether, and let him see how serenely she could dp it. - Celia knew not the reason of her pretty sister's dudgeon. How,,then, then,: could she impart to her pretty sister s admirer her vague suspicions? , He was an admirer only not a fiancee. It would be manifestly improper. Celia remained silent. i I ' ! "Well, eood-bv!" said Molly's ad mirer. ' " . : His tone was funereal; so was his ex pression. He drifted down the path as though, it made no difference where he went to. He divined that Celia was high, her lips demurely adjusted, her eves clear and bright. And the visitor was in for half an hour of it Oddlv enough, he was conscious' of a feeliner of comfort such as lie had hot known for many days. Molly was here, at least I and near him, though she was giving all her-attention to a geography class, j ' He felt a thrill of happiness in her mere bright presence brown dress, white anon and all. Besides, the room was clean and pleasant, in spite of hack neyed mottoes on the walls and floating chalk-dust. And the school, which numbered twenty -ifive, was very decent-appearing; Harry admitted that. The children were red-cheeked and healthy, the older girls were gpod-looking and tho boys manly. The I crackling- fire made the great black stove seem cheerful, and .the little old melodeon by the platform created a homelike atmosphere. There were ever green festoons over the windows and some plants ok the sills. It was decided' ly cozy: . Molly s lover sat in a sort of lethargic calm. ' ( The geography class was reciting chief cities and principal rivers in a monotonously soothing way. The ! warmth of the room, after his long, cold drive, had a .dulling ' effect as did i his subtle, growing happiness after Ms long dreariness. He was al most sleepy. He wore a bland, contented smile which puzzled the school the scholars admired him, however. He was not very distinctly aware of anything; he knew ; a history class succeeded the geography, and a spelling class the his- niffhts and bring me back Monday morn-. inga, if you choose; but I stay!" . - "You can use the vast wealth you will accumulate in the purchase of your t ahem! trousseau," her lover observed with tender irony. ! 1 He did come after her Friday nighta and bring her back Monday mornings. J That was Molly's last effort at school-i teaching, but neither she nor her lover regretted the little episode. They were the ' happiest ten weeks they had ever known. . .. - I And s she did use her money for her trousseau, the next spring; for their wel ding followed Alvira's shortly. Satur day Sight. ..i tory, and that two additional spelling A Little-Known Russian Casto. In the neighborhood of Goldingen, Russia, there are seven villages whose inhabitants do not belong to any of the classes of society in which the subjects of Russia are divided. "They are neither counts, nor barons, nor princes, nor ! nobles, nor merchants, nor townsmen, nor peasants." They style themselves Kurische Koenige, and enjoy the privileges of nobles, although they ; live and work for themselves like simple peas ants. Up to 1854 they paid no Govern ment taxes and were exempt even from military duties. In their local adminis tration they subject themselves only to the ruling of their "ober hauptmann,'' without whose permission not even the simple ' 'hauptmann"' may leave his vil lage. Historically no one knows how those peasants have procured for them selves tho rights they enjoyr But there is a tradition current among their neigh bors that for important services they had rendered to the first Russian conquerors of their province , those privileges were granted ' to them. 'Among themselves they iflierish the tradition that they are the -descendants of the ancient Kings of Kurland.' They keep in their church a flag with the picture of a King of Kur- landon horseback, which they regard as their family heirloom and their escut cheon. The same image is cast even on the old bells cf . their church. Chicago News. . - ' " Bears Tackle a Locomotive. Engineer Smith, of one of the Lake land and Bartow trains in Florida, re ports having quite a little adventure the other day while on his southbound trip. While crossing 'Rattlesnake Fork" trestle two large bears, it appears, emerged from the woods at the side of the track, and trotted on the trestle ahead of the train. . - Smith gave a puil with the throttle, and, the engine. bounded forward. The bears heard the on-coming train, and plainly did not like the situation. They were afraid to leap from the trestle, which was quite high, and began trotting to gain the other side. Finding that the train was gaining ou them, both turned just before reaching the middle of the trestle, ; and standing upright,faced the train, and put up their fore-paws like accomplished and trained prize fighters. j " The train rushed on, and the cow catcher struck both bears," fairly throw ing one about twenty feet into the air and off the trestle, and lifting the other one some ten feet into the air. Tho latter, as he came down, fell on the plat form in front of the boiler, and, clutch ing at the brass rods, managed to retain his hold there. Frightened by the roar of the engine so close to him and the hot iron beneath him, bruin hastily scrambled up and crawled onto the fore part of the board that runs from the cab onto the front of the engine. Catching- sight of the fireman's face through the window, the bear growled savagely, suffering sevefely from his wounds, probably, and started for the window. The fireman had just been raking the fire and his huge iron poker was red-hot. As the bear crawled along near the window he threw it open and unged at the bear with the red-hot iron poker. The hot iron went sizzling into bruin's hide, and the agonized beast gave a terrible howl and tried to spring up-at his assailant. The engine gave a lunge at that moment and off dropped the' bear, falling almost directly under the wheels, but ho scrambled off in some manner, only losing part of his hind leg. He rolled down the embankment, and, with a loud growl of pain and rage, bounded off into the dark woods. It all passed so quickly that the engineer and fireman could hardly realize the facts in this strange adventure, and when they got to Bartow they had a wondering crowd around the engine examining the bloody trail made by the bear as he clincbled up the engine and ran along the footboard.'.; . classes! followed, and that Molly-was speaking to the school in her bright tones- something about next week's work ; ; and that she : was giving a military-sounding order one, two, three; and that the school was filing out with well-trained precision: and that at last, at last, he and Molly were left alone in the warm, cheery, dusty schoolroom. "uia you ;aid you come to taite me home?" she said; hurriedly and breath lessly, las though afraid of the silence. And! she went to the far end of the room amd began erasing figures from the blackboard. "That's what!" said Harry, emphatic ally. ;"Don't you want to go? I'll bring you back Monday morning." j A faint murmur in reply. "I thought you'd give it up after a week of it. Shan't you? Do. you like your boarding place?" Molly erased in silence. , "It's a jolly little school," he burst forth, warmly, "and you're a. jolly little teacher! I don't care what you're doing it for it's a gorgeous success 1" All his bitterness was gone, and he laughed light-heartedly and immoderate ly, i .. ... . . Molly rubbed away, her face invisible. Mollv," he cried, "what is the mat ter?"! -"- : " He was ovet ft the blackboard the next minute. : Molly was ciYLoa, t was mora than A All About Asbestos. Asbestos is a fibrous, white, gray, or green mineral not fusible. j The variety called rock cork very much resembles cork, ia soft and easily cut, and so light as to float on water. Rock leather and rock wood are varieties somewhat similar to rock cork, but not so light. The finest fibrous variety with easily separable fibres is called amainthus, because cloth made of it was cleansed by passing it through fire. This cloth; was used by the ancients to enwrap dead bodies placed on the funeral pile so as to preserve the ashes of the body unmixed. It was also woven by them into handkerchiefs and towels. Of late years it has been con siderably used as fire-proof roofing, floor ing and packing in safes, journal boxe3 and around steampipes. Paper has also been made of it, brft though, at red heat, the paper remains uninjured, the writing disappears. It is said that Charlemagne had a tablecloth of asbestos, which, for the amusement of his guests, he was wont to throw into the fire at the close of the meal. Ihe finest specimens of this mineral come from Corsica , and Savoy, though some are found in , the Alps, Pyrenees and Ural mountains, and in North America and New South Wales, while commoner varieties, 6uch as the rock cork and rock wood, are found in Lanarkshire, lyron, Dauphiny and carta X Scotland. Km Tvrk ZHpaicA, ' A Great Monument Bnilt by Shellfish. Who built the Washington monu ment? ' 1 T?nnnv creatures with shells made it long ages ago at the bottom of the sea. Some of them were little ' and some quite big, but all of them left .their homes be hind them when they died, to furnish material for a memorial to the fatler of his country. - If you will go up to the top of the hill, at the foot of which are the fish ponds, and will examine jclosely some of the stones of which the' ' monument is built, you will find their kurf ace smooth, with no visible trace ot ithe individual cVmiia that lnt their substance to this mighty structure symbolical of eternity. This is-because the shells in" the beds from which the "marble, came were so squeezed together by pressure and other wise metamorphorosed as to be reduced to a simple mass of lime. In many marbles, however, you will discover the shells quite Visible, so jthat their very form, preserved for goodness knows how many centuries, lends beauty to the polished rock. Few things can be more interesting than to observe the trace of what was once a living organism in a formation whicii so evidently dates back to an epoch long before the earliest possible appearance of j man upon the globe. ! But the mere deposit of such shells did , not make marble. It required geologic action to effect the transiormauon oi thn limpitnuc into the material which. composes the Washington monument. For instance, when, by the cooling of the earth's crust, the latter was crumpled up eoas to form mountains, great heat was developed and lirpestone beds in places where such action! took place went through a process of crystallization by the heat, thus forming what is known as marble. Wherever traces of the original shells which compoie the limestone are found they are called fossii shells. If the monument contained such Bhells, visible in their original shape, it would be a most interesting memorial of the world before the deluge as well as of the immortal George. Washington Star. MISUNDERSTANDING WITtl A "HAGGAKD. The ancient sport of falconry is about to be revived by a number of wealthy men in New Jersey, where, in the open country, there are excellent opportunities for fun with hawk and dogs. Falcoury was introduced into England about the fourth century, and flourished during the Middle Ages and the Renais sance. . From the peasant with his sparrow-hawk to the crowned king with his gerfalcon, all were pasionately fond of hawking. What were then considered vast forturlej were expended upon the cultivation of this sport. The grand master of the order of St. John of Jeru salem sent twelve falcons annually to the k in rs of France. A French knight ot the order conveyed the birds to his mon arch, for which service he received as a present his traveling expenses and money equivalent to $15,000 a year. Louis XIII was daft on falconry, and ' always went hawking before going to church. Albert de Luynes made a fortune by his scientific training and treatment of the birds. Baron de la Chastaigneraie, chiei falconer for Louis XIII, cared for 14C birds, and employed 1C0 men to assist him in their care. England and Germany were enthusi astic on the subject of hawking. No' lady or gentlemau, noble of ecclesiastic, with any self-respect, would appear in public without a pet bird mounted upon the gauntleted wrist. The officiating clergy even took their birds to church with them, only leaving them perched upon the alter steps while engaged in the actual church service. Formerly falcons were divided inta two classes, noble and inferior. Th gerfalcons were the nobility in the bird aristocracy, and the others, the falcon k the hobby, the merlin, etc., had to con tent themselves with riding on tU gloved hands of esquires and people ol Email importance. The United States is well supplied with birds of prey, none of which prob ably are not susceptible of being traiued for the chase. That they can be trained , The brancher may be caught by the lure of a pigeon or a quail, and the hag gard by means of a decoy and a ne'e. There is a dcadl-, enmity between the hawks and their nocturnal rivals, the owls, and hence ar. owl is frequently. used as a decoy to induce the haggards to iwoop down for the j opportunity of a blow at their hated enemy. A tame hawk or falcon also makes an excellent decoy for his wild brothers.. In the early spring hawks' nests can be found within twenty minutes' journey by rail or ferry from New York City. and young ones nrocured. which -will prove interesting pets to those who care to bestow time upon them. Should a demand for young or trained birds arise there are plenty of dealers in birds and animals who would hasten to supply th market with both the domestic and im ported article, but if any of the readers of this paper think of seriously tryinjr their hand at hawking, they will enjoy the sport the more anl understand the birds the better if they rear and train them by their own hand. ' Hawks and falcons, being of wild and violent natures, are at1 first insensible to both punishment aud caresses; hence with an intractable bird' want of light and food is the only punishment that will affect it, and it is of the utmost im portance that the same person should always administer its food and care for the bird's welfare. Having secured a brancher, shackle its legs with the supple thongs of straps called be wits; the be wits usually terminate with bells. With in old army buckskin gauntlet protect four hand and wrist, place the bird upon your gauntleted wrist, and carry it ibout with you night and day, giving ,it ao opportunity for rest." If your falcon yr hawk tries to bite andjight you, douse his head into a pail of cold water, and it will quiet bim, and, then put on the leather hood, which will keep him in complete darkness. Three days ind nights of this will make tho wildest bird ' inclined to be docile to i certain extent. Next teach the bird to take its food quieUy, alio wi eg oo fluttering, fighting or undue excite ment during its meal. Feed it with your hand and never do so without whistliag or givinar the peculiar call, whatever , it may be, by which you intend to sum mon the bird in the . future, when you wish it to resume its perch upon your wrist. It will by this means learn to recognize the call and associating the ooise with food, and food with its perch ' upon your gauntlet,, will always fly tc ' your wrist when you call. Familiarize j your charge witn norscs, aogs ana strangers. ) When the ruling classes wish ti strengthen their power over their poorei J brethren, they seek to make the poor de- pendent upon the bounty of the rich foi their supoort, and by thus destroying the game well, and is obedient to the t call, you are safe to take him to the-field and try him on; wild game, and if you "are fond of field sports you will be mora than repaid for ' your perseverance and trouble in breaking your brancher. Although the word falcon is often used indiscriminately for any or all birds -used to hunt, yet in the language of fal conry there are many distinctions, accord ing to Yarrcl; for instance, the female - peregrine was exclusively called the fal con, and on account of her great size, power and courage, wa3 usually flown at herons and duck; the male, often only two-thirds the size of his mate, was " called torcel, tiercel and tiercelet, and i was flown at parti idges and magpies. Soon after the Norman conquest the birds were regulated "by law with nice distinctions; one style was for kings, as we have before stated, another for princes of the blood, still others for dakes sad t great lordsfifteen grades in all, which rcacneu uown to tat K&ave. - Naturalists are as bad as the NonnAns or wore, and divide and sub-dividend quanel over the sub-divisions. - In 1874 , two well-known authorities published a list, one making six species of goshawks (Astur), and the other thirty-one; the latter made only twenty-three sparrow hawks and the former forty-five. Accord ing to the litest authority at hand, the hawks differ from true falcons in not having a toothed or notched bill. The goshawk of the United States ii ns of our handsomest birds of prey ; ths v die crown of his head is deep black and the upper parts bluish-slate, darker at ths i tail. There are no cress-bars on ths ' throat, but each, individual feather has an artistically arraaged dot or dash of color. It has dark ticged wings, a tail of thi tame hue, with obscure bands across it A broad white stripe with fine black pen ciling running from above and behind . the eye adds expression and fierceness ti the face. Audubon loved to wstcl this bird and describe its bold, darinj adventures its on strong wing it sailet over the American wilds that have sine become populous o"ds and faxxnin districts. It would take a volume t describe each species and be unneces sary, as the only object of this article ft to attract the attention of the sportsmai to the grand possibilities for sport thai would be opened by a revival of hawk ing. ! The fair sex would also have an op portunity, for "in days of old, whei knights wen; bold," the knight alwaji paid his court to his fair one by hi marked attcution to the falcons. Uaini the greatest judgment in flying the biri at the proper moment, never losing sight of it, encouraging it by calls, folio win j it and securing the prey from the dcatb dea'ing talons, and with a caress as a ro ward for the lucky or skillful work, th knight would slin the hood over thi the independence of the so-called lowei j b5rd's heat anj with al( the grace classes me ciics in power retains iucu i could assume place the falcon on thi positioj. Now exactly the same pohcj 8lcnder wrist of his and the birds mis- must be pursued with a wayward or loot tress. Xew Orleans Times-Democrat. Jsh bird that prefers freedom and sell support to wearing a plumed hood on its The Heir to Austria's Throne. The visit of Archduke Francis Ferdi nand to the court ot StJ Petersburg is said to be regarded with great satis faction in Russia and Austrian Govern ment circles. The Archduke is heir pre sumptive to the Austrian throne and there is a general belief that his visit has a matrimonial object. The marriage of the prospective Emperor of Austria to a near relative of the Czar would put an A DOUBLE STRIKE. head and bewits on its lezs. With sncr a bird, excite its appetite by forcing ii to, swallow pellets of tow mixed witb; i little wormwood and garlic. This wit increase its hunger and thereby make! it more dependent upon its master, and consequently more docile, and the pleas ure it derives from the gratification j ol this artificial appetite will attach it mors closely to its master who feeds it. t In a week or less the bird is tamed, and then you can commence with the training. Take the falcon out in youi yard, or, if you live in the city and have no back yard, seek a retired spot in the park. Put a piece of meat on your hand and, calling the bird, teach, it to hop on your hand. By no means al- ' low it to partake of the meat until it has answered your call. Next fasten the meat to a lure made of a flat piece of wood, and covered on both sides with the wings of the bird vou intend to hunt or the skin of the animal you expect your hawk to pounce upon. Unbood your bird and show it the lure. II , the bird strikes the lure, allow it to take the meat when it has answered your call and returned to your -wrist. The string at tached to the lure may be from ten to more than thirty yards in length, sad when the bird swoops down upon the lure at the full length of the string and will then obey the call, you are on the road to success and know -that the bird recognizes the lure, and knows that by answering your call it will be entitled to the meat for its reward. This point gained, you need no longer fear allow ing your bird freedom, because at a too- ment s notice you can. reclaim him witn the call or signal : even if he be soaring high overhead, at tne sound of the tall he will descend to hit accustomed perch upon the buckskin gauntlet. Seven hundred' alliances were organ ized ia Iowa last year, j : Paris, France, and London, England, are to be connected by ; telephone. I know, having as a lad reared many, and taught them to come at my call and to be gentle in their behavior, not pinch ing my wrirt when perching Upon it. This is half the battle, and any one witb time and patience can do the rest. In selecting a bird try to secure s brancher, that is, a bird that has been long enough out of the nest to hop from limb, but is as yet incapable of flight and consequently unable to provide for itt own wants. Paupers are always servile, and as this young bird must live upon your charity he will be more easily tamed . than a haggard, that is, r foil growe bird that is perfectly competent, to hunt for himself and supply his own wants, and is consequently independent, and, under restraint, fierce and savage. Young birds that have just left their wild cra dle on rock or treetop are called eysas. and are the . most easily tamed and j game by letting the real animals or birds, trained; but they are apt to lack the I represented by the lore, fly or run laiii itrength aud audacity of the brancher or I caDOcd bv strings fastened ta their legs. the haggard. , I if your falcon takes these properly, bladj ABCHDCKB FRAKCI9 yERDrSAXD. end to all danger of war between the two empires Tor many years to come. It was recently stated that the young Arch duke was to marry his cousin. Princess Elizabeth of Bavaria, but the match seems not to have been definitely ar ranged. If the vibit were merely of political character Ferdinand would be accompanied by some of the Austrian Ministers, as he is ' rather young in the science of statecraft. Considerably uncertainty exists in the public mind as to the identity ol the heir presumptive! to the Austrian crown. The direct heir to the throne is Archduke Charles Louis, the Emperor's brother, and then his eldest son, Archduke Francis "Terdinand, who has Tssumed the desig nation of D'Este ever since he inherited the wealth of his uncle, the Duke of Modena, amounting to 50,000. Fail ing Archduke Francis Ferdinand, who is unmarried, comes his younger brother. Archduke Otto, whose wife is the- Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony. They have one child, a little boy, who bean i extraordinary resemblance to - bis great-grandfather, Kaiser Franz. Prince Francis Ferdinand was born in looo. The fortune which he got from the Duke of Modena will pass when he becomes Emperor to his brother Otto. . The Prince recently visited England, and it was said at the time that he wished to improve his acquaintance with thi exiled Orleans family, who have several rather good-looking Princesses to b marrisd off. He is, like most of tht HapsburgerF, a very distinguished-looking man, is very carefully educated, has considerable artistic attainments and if said to be a good soldier. Chicago Post. THE 1MFLEMSTS OT FALCOSRT. You msy now show your bird living The spread of women's clubs through out the country has led Mrs. Olive Thorns Miller to prepare a practical guide which is to contain directions for organizing club, suggestions for proper manage ment and a , forru of constitution ready for use. The manual will be the only one of its kind extant. r t -
The Western Sentinel (Winston-Salem, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
April 2, 1891, edition 1
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