North Carolina Newspapers

? - JOB PEnTTOTQ ra nisi m mimn L. V. & E. T. BLUM, tulli$liors and Proprietor Is sappUea wit an air miry smatortal. U tally prepared 'to work wttt ' MCATMESm, DISPATCH, ! at ra VERY LOWEST PRICES Terms Cash in Advance, One tfopy. on year........ .....t60 '" ", six months. r 73 three months ....... .43 -A. Family Newspaper Devoted to ILiiterature, Agriculture and General Information. Reduction to Clubs. See inside. Be am to give trtol Tallin wli u;ni VOL. XXXIXl rt SALEM, Nv C, THURSDAY, JUNE 18, 1891. NO. 25 f The New York Sun says lhat hypnotism if simply a humbug. ' Ncar'y one-fifth of the entire popula tion of the, United States live in the fifty chief cities, which have a population of over 11,000,000. The Bishop pf Lichfield, England, has started a crusade against what he calls "the deformation and degradation" of graveyards by the ornamentation of . the graves with artificial flowers. The. Atlanta ' Constitution thinks it worthy of record that one of the best in formed men of New York never had any education beyond that of a common school. He is a regular lecture-goer, and in that way has learned enough to enable him to shine in literary and scientific circles. Fifty English sparrows were taken to Australia in I860, and now.-tb.ere are countless millions of them in all the colonies; they refuse-, to eat insects like their ancestors, but devote themselves to fruit, grain, peas and other vegetable things, to the ruid of hundreds of farm and gardeners! Moral beware of exotics in a new country. The longest sleeping-car run in the world is doubtless that on the Canadian ' Pacific Railway from Montreal to Van couver, 2905 miles. If the Canadian Pacific'were desirous of increasing this remarkable run, it could easily extend it to o0i7 miles by starting its cars at Quebec, or could make the mileage still more extraordinary by adding 481 miles and: commencing it at St. John, New Brunswick 33S5 miles over its own line from Vancouver. When Alexander Pope visited the Orient nearly two centuries ago he ob tained a slip of one of the willows beside the waters of Babylon, whereon the chil dren of Israel hung their harps in the days oi captivity. 1 1 lanting tne wand upon his return to England, he secured a thrifty tree in-time. From this latter Martha Washington procured a twig, which it is said she brought to Arlington Heights, opposite Washington, with the eame result, And now a tree grown from a slip taken from hers has just been planted in the Indiana State House grounds. A traveler comes back from Mexico with a new idea which he hopes to utilize in the manufacture of flour. He notes that for centuries the Mexicans have been accustomed to parch their gram before grinding it, and claims to have dis covered that the heat gives the flour a wc e t ness afww f rgjap c e .unknown in i the flour of the ordinary brands and at the same time adds much to its powers of nutrition. Mills are to be equipped with apparatus for parching the wheat before putting.it into the hopper, and we are told that the result will be a culinary . revolution. Some one has discovered that the ini tials J. and G figure more prominently together in the" world's history than any other two letters. He instances in this country James G. Blaine, J.'G. Holland, James Gordon Bennett, John Gorham Palfrey, John Godfrey Saxe, John Green leaf Whittier, Joshua Giddings, Jay Gould and many other conspicuous names, and finds also in foreign coun tries the same ! prominence of the com bination, as in John George Campbell (Duke of Argyll), Jacques George Dan ton, Joseph, Guillotine, Jean Jerome and the many famous Germans whose front i ames are Johann Gottfried and Johann Gottlieb. . ' , At a recent banquet in his honor at Dusseldorf, Emperor William, of Ger jnany, made a. significant speech, in which, after dilating upon his desire for hearers for the protection of the rights of labor, and, after expressing satisfaction at the conclusion of the commercial treaty with Austiia, he caid: " As to the home policy whiph is becoming estab lished. I shall not deviate a hair's breadth from the course I have adopted. I alone am master in this country and no body else." His emphatic language in regard, to the treaty with Austria, which Prince Bismark opposed, and also in re gard to home affairs, was evidently di rected at Prince Bismarck. . . 1 .. "One may be interested to take a map and see how neatly our English relatives are trying to hem us in on every side," remarks the San Francisco Argonaut. "Beginning at Halifax, the defences of which ; are strengthened from time to "time, and are r just now pronounced im pregnable, we 'find some nine hundred miles to' the south and five hundred miles, off our. Carolina coast, Bermuda with docks, machine shops, and fortifi cations for no other purpose than to keep an eye on us. Three hundred miles further, south war 1 are the Bahamas, . which almost touch our coast, and still further sauthward, Jamaica,' where a strong military force is stationed, com manding the Caribbean Sea and the Gulf f Mexico. British Honduras, in Central erica, is the last in A chain which nd u. With a few cruisers iudi stributed between Florida and and with Belize, St. Lucia on as bases of supplies to fall Gulf of Mexico could b 1 I the Via BIRD ON THE GREENING BOUGH; Bird on the greening bough, j With folded wing, " The matin tow ',? That thou dost softly sing, : f Is what I would repeat, f With loving art, - .''. I - To tell my sweet I What lies within my heart. '; j Fly to her. tell it, thou i 1 Clear voice of spring, .- . On greening bough, j Bird with the folded wingl ; 1 C. Scollard, in New England Magazine. The Boom at Bullionvillei The town'of Bullionville greatly needed a railroad. The richest ore veins iu'the vicinity had all. "pinched out," and it was not profitable to work the larse quantities' of low-grade ore, or ship it away without a railroad. ' It was not practicable now to : work the great timber resources of thecountiy without means of transportation. Every- J . T- It" H - m tmng in xsuiuonviue languished lor: a railroad, and at least half the buildings in the place bore the sign, "For Sale! or To Let." The town had a good location ,at 1he junction of two livers, and in the cen tre of a fertile farming tract, and the surrounding hills were rich in cdal. limestone, lead, iron and low-grade sil- ver ore. ,. i 1 The weekly Bullionville Echoh&d. pro claimed these advantages month after monjh, until their reiteration came to;be a matter of course, and no one paid any attention to them. They helped, how ever, to com ince the people that a rail road was all that was needed to make the town a metropolis. ; ; But would the railroad be built? This was the question which some of the town people asked young Morris when, one day in August, he made his custom ary trip from his camp, a few miles down the rivet, up to the post and telegraph othces in iJullionville. Morris had been employed as cleric to the contractors who had built the last stretch of road beyond. He was am bitious to complete his education, par ticularly in geology, which was. his specialty ; and he had been glad to get this opportunity to make geologicaUre searches in a country rich in specimens. He had answered this question about the railroad to the best of his ability nearly every day for a month, but he re plied, good-naturedly; "I don t know, gentlemen. Nothing new has developed." . 1 ."You aren't thinking of moving away the outfit, are you?" ' j "1 have no such intention. I will ex plain the whole thing. You knowI;am merely the clerk of the contractors who hope to build the road when the time comes. They finished it to a. point about thirty miles from here last fall, and then moved their outfit, stock, tools, tents and all down into this valley for the winter. They hoped to get the contract to build the remainder of the road in time to begin work last spring, but, a3 you see, were disappointed. I report to them frequently, and I have standing- in structions to keep things ready to begin toikxqu snort noticeiJut vou see It is all guess-work. The cownBTEYTfiay not intend to build the road at all, or it may intend to go along the other side of the valley." 1 f AboVit a week afterward a group' of men who had nothing to do were dis cussing the great topic in the postofBce. "It rather looks as though we weren't going to have a railroad," said the pro prietor of the Metropolitan Hotel, in a 6low, melancholy tone, as if each word were forced from him. ' , "I don't give up yet." spid a real es tate owner. "I believe that party of engineers in camp about forty miles down the canon has some business con nected with the building of the roadj in spite of all they say." i "It's about time for that young fellow Morris to be up after his mail, isn:t it? Maybe heyknows something more about it," said another. ; fHe won't be here till late, then,'.' said the ferryman. "He got me oujt of bed to take him across the river ; jthis moraing, and has gone down the other side. You know the bridge down below his camp was washed away.'' "I wonder if he didn't go to consult those engineers?" said the editor pt the Bullionville Ee1u, eagerly.. i! "No ; he said he was going down to eee the stock, and to get a fresh saddle pony ; but he was in a great hurry, and I tell you he Icoked mightily pleased at eomfe letter he was reading on the ferry." There was a general increase of interest at this announcement. H ' ; ..'I tell you," said the owner, 'that young fellow real estate knows how to take care of himself. -Like as not he will be the first to get thp news, and will have half the town bought up before the boom begins. But I tell you, he won't get a foot of my land unless he'pays a boom price for it. I haven't waited here five years just to be hoodwinked at the last." ' . : "I'll bet something's up," said the editor. He started toward the telegraph office. . 1 1 The ferryman was right in his surmise that Morris was pleased about something. He had received a letter which gave him assurance at last that he would be able to go East and enter college. Ths was to him the most important event that could take place, and it was with a very merry heart that he set about mailing nis prep arations to depart. The opening of the college year was near, and as he wished to have a day or two in which 'td com plete a collection of geological specimens, he made all haste to get his work in shape so that he could spare the time. It was almost sunset when he started from the herder's cabin on his return trip, but it was a clear, starlight night, and he found the ride enjoyable, j As he rode about the river, he ran over in his mind the preparations it was neces sary to make, and the best means of getting his geological specimens to the college, where, he felt sure, the profess ors would recognize them as the nucleus of a very fine collection. - - - Before starting out to take his position with the railroad contractors, he hak left some of his" books and geological speci mens with a friend at Portland; He wished to announce his good luck to his friend, and also to get the rest of his apecimenB ; and as he roae aiong ne framed in his mind the telegram he it' J - He afterward said thai he felt rather piquefl to find that news ot such import' ance could be compressed into so few words as these: 'Going to Columbia. Send rest of outfit. Remember Idaho granite." Even the last three words, he had to acknowledge, were superfluous, as he knew that his friend would never consider his "outfit" -complete without those granite specimens :4jut iie thought he ght as well make the message ten words long, .since it did not cost any more. , It , was nearly ten o'clock when he reached Bullionville. Dismounting be fore the telegraph office, he was cha grined to find it had been closed almost an hour. He had forgotten that the ofSce' was closed at nine o'clock ' He made some inquiries for the opera tors, but could not find him. Having al ready taken so much trouble in the mat ter, and having so little time for his preparations, he resolved to ride up the line five miles to Whitewater, where he knew the operator slept in the office, and would get up if need be, to send a tele gram. : He had no notion what an excitement his conduct had caused in Bullionville. Groups of men began to gather upon the street corners, and the story -was rapidly told that the contractors' agent had just come up from the engineer's camp with some very important news, and that he had iidden all the way up to Whitewater to save a few hours' delay. ' Morris found the operator still up when he reached Whitewater. Taking a blank, he proceeded to write I out his message. The worn-out pen furnished for the. public convenience made a bad blot upon the first blank.' Crumpling it, he tossed it out of the window, and took another. A man standing in the shadow of the building reached out and picked it up. It was the enterprising editor of the Echo, -who was on his track. ' As ' Morris galloped back through Bullionville, an acquaintance, whom Morris was surprised to see up so late, stepped out and hailed him. "We hear your're going to move at last," said the man. Morris was too weary to ' be pleased at their interest in his college prospects. "Yes," he said, shortly, "I'm going to Columbia this year." "How arc you going?", was the next question. : "Why, by rail, of course!" Morris said. - "Columbia is pretty near the salt water, aint it?" - "Salt water? Well, within two or three miles, I guess." ; He was tired and in no mood for further talk, so he rode away. "Boys," said the questioner, trium phantly, to a group at the hotel, "I guess none of you will dispute that the road is going to be built now." Before morning the report had gone through Jthe town that the road was td be - pushed westward at once through Bullionville to the mouth of the Colum bia River. Morris had said so. If Morris had made his accustomed visit? to the town next day; instead of going down the river in quest of geo logical specimens, he would have hardly known Buun enfe had taken ness. Alen were busy staaing out lots. and others were buying and selling real estate in the stores and on the corners. Lumber, brick and building-stone had ad yanced, fifty per cent, in price, while the wages' of mechanics had increased threefold.' .Improvised real estate offices had been opened, in a dozen places, and were do ing a-thriving business though not, it must be admitted, a cash business, for money was as scarce in the town as ever. Meanwhile, the cause of all this excite ment was pollecting specimens and mak ing notes of the various geological strata fifteen miles' away. About noon he went in search of a feed of oats for his horse, and had to call at several ranches before he obtained it. Soon after this he met the stage coach coming i up 'and as usual without pas sengers. ' ,i , "Prospecting?" asked the driver. "Yes," said Morris, "I find wonder fully rich ground in this valley." He was speaking geologically, for he had picked up the tooth of an extinct animal that very day. 'That's ,what I've been preaching for nigh onto seven years," said ' the driver and went on. Inj the Echo extra appeared the follow ing paragraph : , ' , "Full particulars regarding the new de velopment in railroad circles are not at this writing obtainable, inasmuch as tne con tractor's agent is at present down the river looking over tne work, and buying up tne frain in that neighborhood. To persons who ave met him, however, he has expressed nimseir in glowing terms." From that time the "boom" proceeded without much restraint. ' No rumor was too. wild to be credited. Reports were rife that immense railroad buildings would be located in the town, that nu merous syndicates were, endeavoring to get possession of land, that manufac tories would soon be started. All these reports seemed to start from nowhere, and yet to go everywhere. It was after sundown when Morris rode up to the town. He saw at once from the air of j haste and importance which ; dominated the crowds on the streets, that something important must have taken place. He began to make in quiries, (but every one seemed too busy to notice him even long enough- to ask the usual questions about the road. But presently copy of the Echo extra gave him an inkling of what had taken place. The people had deceived them selves. He must undeceive them with as little shock to their new found pros perity as possible. " ' After ascertaining that no message or telegram had really arrived for him, he went to the office of the Echo He found the editor busy upon an article entitled, "The Future Metropolis." . "Come in! gUd to see vou!" said the editor, looking up from his work. "But you must excuse me if I don't talk much. You seeswe are desperately busy." "Mr. Bastiin," said Morris, earnestly, "it is all a mistake about this railroad a very tin fortunate mistake, and I came to request you to help me orrect it. There is no news about the road." 'Indeed," said the editor, incredu lously. I' . ' I tell you it is not. true. There is no Lro(5re reason now to suppose that tne road goiQjr o p? puut, toao tnero was a week ago. You people had no reason to interpret my actions as you have done." ! The editor crazed steadil v at Morris for about a minut ! a -i i "My dear boy," he said slowly, "per haps we know "more than you think about your recent doings. What about talcing out Idaho granite, and going to the coast by rail? I can! readily see how it might have been to the advantage of your employers h the announcement had been deferred, but they should have thought of that before. If you have made a false move, it's too late now to withdraw it. No, sir; I know my duty to the public too well; and I haven't any more time to discuss the subject." ' . Morris felt himself completely crushed. "I suppose," he said, j"that I can pub lish a card over my signature?" . "Every inch of advertising space is engaged for over two weeks in advance," said the editor. 1 ' "But, Mr. Bastian," Morris persisted, "do you intend to go on deceiving these people?" . . r j "I mean to continue telling the plaia truth. If you ar.e prepared to make an affidavit that your former statements were incorrect, I will publish it. Other wise good evening." Morris rushed indignantly out of the office, and the editor proceeded with the writing of an article which began thus: "New York has its Brooklyn, St. Paul has its Minneapolis, Salt Lake has its Ogden; but Bullionville has no adjacent rival to break the circuit of its commercial empire." Morris did what he could to explain thstate of affairs to the citizens. But they would not listen, j People accosted him on all sorts of subjects connected with the railroad. Grain speculators wished to contract to furnish quantities of grain to his employ ers, merchants offered him supplies, and broKers sounded mm on: the land ques tion. . When he denied having any use for their commodities, they said know- "ngiy; Qh, that's all right! wit as soon as you are reaay to 'spring it,' give us a chance." ; - The "boom" had gone quite beyond the power of one young man to check Meanwhile, a report of the unwonted activity at Bullionville became a subject of discussion in the office of a great rail way company in the East. "It must be that the other company has given the word to put its line through,' said a director. "I think we have the best of evidence to the contrary," said the secretary. "It has done no more than survey the route, just as we have done, j "Be it as it may," said the President of the corporation. "I think we had bet ter tap that Bullionville country at once. it is a rich section, and a town with so much faith in itself is sure to become an important distributing ientre." A similar discussion must have taken place at the office of the rival system, for when Morris reached New York he had positive information, this time, each com pany was trying to outstrip the other in the construction of its line, and that Bui lionvillc was really "booming." it is an important city now. it was only the other day that; the Daily Echo contained some reminiscences of a well- known geologist who was a contractor the town in its early days; and chief litini niBuuui.Uie whole was one which told how the editor obtaiWt.an firmation of some railroad news of vital importance to the town by reading a blotted copy of an important telegram which the young man had carelessly tossed away. Yovth'a Companion, The First American Traitor. While Arnold was the most conspicu ous traitor in the Revolutionary eraj the first man detected in an attempt to be tray his country was Dr. Benjamin Church, of Raynham, Mass. He was a graduate cf Harvard University, studied medicine in London, and became emi nent as a surgeon. He lived a bachelor, extravagantly, in a mansion, in 1768. For several years preceding the Revolu tion he was conspicuous among the lead ing Whigs of the Massachusetts Provin cial Congress and was an active member. At the same time he was trusted as an ardent patriot. Church was evidently the seciet enemy of the Republicans. So early as 1774 he wrote parodies of his own popular songs in favor of liberty for the Tory newspapers; and in Sep tember, 1775, an intercepted letter, writ ten by him in cipher to Major Cain in Boston, which had passed, through the hands of a friend of Church, was deci phered, and the woman " confessed he was the author. The case was laid be fore the Continental Congress, and he was dismissed from the general director ship of the hospital. ; He was arrested and tried by a court-martial at Cam bridge on a charge of holding a criminal correspondence with the . enemy. He was convicted October j3 and imprisoned at Cambridge. Onuthe' 6th of November the Congress ordered him to be "close Lconfined without the use of pen, ink or paper, and that no person be allowea to converse with him, except in the pres ence and hearing of a magistrate of the town, or the sheriff of j the county where he shall be confined, and in the English language, until further orders from this or a future Congress.". He was so con fined in the jail at Norwich, Conn., In Mav. 1776, he was released on account of failing health, and sailed for the West Indies in a merchant vessel. He and the vessel were never heard of afterward. Boston Cultivator. I . Artificial Grindstones. The manufacture of artificial grind stones now constitutes a very important industry in this country. The materials used in this manufacture are pulverized quartz, powdered flinti powdered emery or corundum, and rubber dissolved by a suitable solvent. These materials, after being carefully mixed ; together, form a substance that is exceedingly durable, and that will, when used for sharpening tools, outwear by many years any natural stone known.- During the process of mixing and kneading there is a constant escape of tar fumes, very often rendering the covering, of the mixers with a sheet iron hood necessary. The compound is afterward calendered into sheets of one half to three inches thick, shaped up and careiully vulcanized, and the process is completed by the wheels being trued up witu tools maae especially for the pur- pose, lhese wheels are .used fpr the finest sort of grinding and polishing pur- 4 WV' Vl"" wrifiy7ttt THE UMBRELLA. TS EVOLUTION AND THE VAIU OUS FORMS IT TAKES. The If oases of Savaees are Merelv Huge Umbrellas Their Great Antiquity Ram Cloaks and Coats. Most people "know enough to como nout of the rain." It is this class that ire compelled to be out in the Deltinir. r ring storm or not sun tnat we are a c : going to take, a peep at. As for indoor folks, they are merely under an umbrella of a larger growth. line me samoan nouse, wnich is not so much. for living in as lor shelter. Afri can houses are even more like huge um- Dreuas, oneu clustered logcrner, use a lot of haystacks. Our Indian wigwams are temporary umbrellas, ready to be struck and carried away nn 'short notice. Savages are not affraid of pneumonia. Ram and wet do not incommode them. or at least they have a faculty of being aoie to "grin ana bear it. so tnat no one knows what they think about the weather. When it rains all the ani mal and insect world finds borne place to hide or hold on till it is over. The mar tins and swallows, though.' seem to de light in the aerial bath of a thunder storm, and soar and contest with the elements. Ducks, frogs and small boys also enjoy the rain. ' There is a dispute between the sun and rain as to which made umbrellas neces sary. It is difficult to decide, but ' it seems probable that the first umbrellas were sunshades, while all rain coats, oiled and. rubber coats, are to the credit of the storm. In , countries where very little clothing is worn rain does not make lunch difference, but the sun is a power, . WTiy shouldn't the palm leaf be the first sunshade, with its ribs. at.d handle to order? It hints at the umbrella as well as at the fan Travelers amoug the Ainos of Japan often make temporary sunshades of gigantic dock leaves, which are sometimes six feet in diameter ana fii''ht feet high; large enough-for an ac count of Gulliver. - ; Xhn. umbrella has a very great anti quity. Tne wnra'niaelf means a "littlo shadow," showing that it wasvnanied for its protection from the sun in this case, Horace ssys: "Among the miatary standards the sun beholds an Egyptian canopy.' On coins and in the rock carv ings of the ancients the umbrella often . . shows its familiar form, but it comes down to us by its connection with roy alty, and is not the barrel ribbed ging ham of the masses, nor can we tell whether the people with umbrellas fur nished the same amusement for the comic olayers as they do nowadays. The An glo-Saxons used umbrellas. One would think if there is a climate ;in the worl l that would compel the invention it is found in the "right tight little isle." All this goes to prove that Jonas Hau- wav did not invent the umbrella. This great traveler is said to have laid himself under the displeasuie ot certain .London ers by the effeminate use of an unbrell to keep off the sun. This was, perhaps, an affectation in a eountry where the sun is so' rarely seen". Jonas Han way, at kast, saw the value of the Eastern sun shade, and soon it became the fashion to carry this article ot apparei. mere must be a great difference between the umbrella of the eighteenth century and EGYPT the modern steel ribbed, silk covered, slender article which is regarded as a misfortune to get wet. The desideratum at present is a norta ble umbrella. There is a fortune for the man who invents a really good umbrella, which can be stowed in a valise or trunk. There is an unpatented Korean umbrella that mav fill the bill. When it' begins to rain the picturesque and stately Korean swell reaches into his sleeve and produces a folded oiled paper affair, re sembling a fan. This is spread and set over the hat like an extinguisher, and is kept in place by two strings held under the chin. It is not very large, but any- thinff that will cover a Korean hat will keen the rain from a Korean. Japanese umbrellas are triumphs of skill and bamboo. "One must noUalJC forget the artist who lays on the lmpssi ble decorations in gaud v colors. The Siamese Emperor is not in good form with an umbrella of less than six or seven stories, covered with tinsel. The Chinese Emperor sets the fashion in mul tiple sunshades, nn I he w ild be a reck less Celestial who would copy too lm " Rain- cloaks are of many different kinds. .The Mexicans, Japanese and Chinese have hit upon thatched coats. made of palms, oat straw, grass ' or i ashes, neatly fastened on a network so as to turn rain. Tbfese coats are light and will do . what is expected of them, though a man clothed in one of them looks like a walking haystack, and might be pursued by a hungry cow. Oiled paper rain coats are also popu lar, as well as rain proof; so think our almond-eyed Antipodeans. The Mongol of the Steppes folds a large sheet of felt around his person if he has occasion to venture from his blackened and smoky. moundlike tent. The Eskimo makes a waterproof coat but of transparent fish : skins neitly sewed together and decorated with gings of feathers and fur. This coat is not made especially for rain, but to keep the Kayacker dry in his ventu.e- some out-to-sea journeys m his sxin boat. The thick reindeer and sealskin clothing made by the Eskimo women turns rain for a time.; When the fur gets filled with snow the garments are beaten with an ivory knife, used as a whisk broom. New Tori Utrald. Sports of the Day Chasinj the Deare r Life. A Portable Telephone. The portable telephone, for which engineers, surveyors, army and navy people have been sighing lor so long, has come at last. And the strangest part of the invention is the fact that it was a Frenchman who evolved it, and not an American, as is usual in such cases. M. Roulez, a French inventor, devised the instrument, and electricians everywhere are wondering why some one never thought of it before. The great trouble in this direction of invention was to find something to do away with the necessity of a battery.: Magnets without number have been made for the purpose, but until the present time-none has answered the requirement. M. Roulez conceived the idea of using two magnets with the same AHMY PORTABLE TELEPHONE. poles opposed and separated by a small bit of soft wire, instead of the old horse shoe magnets with wire bobbins that have hitherto failed. With his new in strument the inventor claims results as perfect as by the use of the stationary, return circuit telephone. It can be carried in a small hand bag, requires no support except the head of the user, and and can be applied at a distance of 400 miles quite successfully. The cut pictures the new instrument better than could any description. In use, the telephone is carried on the head of the operator, the receivers remaining attached to his ears continually. Its use will be largely by surveyors and advanced guards or pickets on reconnoitering duty Vessels of a fleet at sea communicate with each other by the same means, a well insulated pair of wires being kept floating above the water by supporters or immersed by sinkers, as the occasion may require. Chicago Tot. Illustrated Advertisement. A young man moving in high circum stances, who is in temporary embarrass ment, would like a permanent position of some kind. Pud. A recent count shows that the Chris tian Endeavor movement begins the new year 1891 with over thirteen thou sand societies and at least 700,000 mem bers. This is gain of 110,000 members in six months. : ,1 - The fifty largest libraries in Germany possess 12,700,000 volume, agafhst those of England with about 6,450,0W, and of North America with about C.IQQjQW TOloaeii WORDS OF WISDOH. A good conscience is a good sleeper. To be content is simply to cease re ustance. Discontent is the want of self reliance; it is infirmity of will. People sometimes keep their secrets in order to keep their friends. There is a continually growing de mand that other people be good. A man never outlives those ' who have seen him make a fool of himself. The superiority of some men is merely local, l bey are great because their as sociates are little. Fathers who whip their boys for doing on the sly what themselves are doinrr openly, make a big mistake. No man is without a friend so long as his mother lives, or in ned of pity if he Das a wiie wno relieves in mm. loungmeswho think they know it all, and that father and mother don't know anything, make a big mistake. Don't be too profuse in your thanks of the man who lets you have your own way. He may be doing it to cure you of folly.. . No woman can be handsome by the force of features alone, any more than she can be witty only by the help of speech. A man was never so rich or so power- erf ul that he had friends who would care for his children if he should become sud denly poor. Everything that looks to the future ele- rates human nature ; for never is lite so low, or so little, as when occupied with the present. Frivolity, under whatever form it ap pears, takes from attention its strength. from thought its originality, from feel ing its earnestness. He who sedulously attends, pointedly asks, calmly speaks, coolly answers, and ceases when he has no more to say, is in possession of some of the best requisites of man. , '. . - A Reminiscence of Barnnm. " One of P. T. Barnum's most success ful traits of bamboczlement," said a New Yorker the other day, was played upon the Canadian customs authorities. The veteran showman's tours were always planned for in advance, and one winter he made up his mind to take his great circus and menagerie through Canada during the summer after the next. This gave him about two years in which to ma ture his plans. One important item of a showman's expenses consists of his adver tising - placards, and Mr. ISarnum was always lavish with these gaudy prints. He was aware that the Canadian Govern ment imposed a high duty on this class of imports, and yet he wanted to punt Canada red, yellow, blue and green,! with a lavishness that no showman had ever displayed there before. I " Now there was no printing-house; an v where in Canada tnat could begin to turn out the kind of work that Mr. Bar num required, either, in size, color or. finish. Nevertheless, his immense post-j ers came under the same classification ai much smaller lithographs and printed eolored matter did. and he knew that the Dominion customs authorities would not abate one jot of the full toll, but would rather rejoice at the opportunity to mulct the foreigner who would convey so much money out of a country where money is badly needed. j -. " So Barnum studied the question.' awhile and finally sent on at once a great lot of circus posters of the most gorge"' vtu designs, whereon yellow lions clawed stnlxxl tigers and brown bears fought witlfc blue hippopotami till the gore flowed Into blue r.rin-.son backgrounds. No agentl appeared, when the posters were detainVd by the Candian customs officers to pay tlfeft duty. They were accordingly held for twfciWe months, then dulv adver tised for sale for tthree months more, and finally put up at auctiotn. with a lot of. other unclaimed parcels, an a. we re detig-j natcd in the catalogue merely as ,t!col- orcd prints." Nobody took any interestsj in them when the auctionneer called for a bid, and finally the whole batch was knocked down for a song to a secret agent of the circus, who had been sent up by Mr. Barnum for that express pur pose." New Yori Tr&une. . Liring Persons as Chessmen. -Chess games in which the pieces are represented by living persons are by no means a novelty, several having taken Slace in this country, but they arc sel om riven on so grand a scale as those recently played at the Royal Concert Hall, St. Leonards, England. The fullest ad vantage was taken of the opportunities for display of dress and pageantry. The chess board occupied almost the entire floor, and was used both as a battle irround and a court. The kings and queens were, of course, the central figures, and were closely attended by their pawns boys dressed as pages.! The remaining six pawns, on either side,1, were the first to take iip their positions,! after saluting each other, on the centre of the board. The rooks, knights and bishop, appro priatcly costumed, followed, and then,' with inucn pomp ana sounaing oi trumpets, the kings and queens marched to their squares. The game was played over a regulation hoard- in an adjoining room,' and each move was announced by a htrald. When a pawn was taken, he was led off as a prisoner of war by the attendants of the other side. A knight under similar circumstances delivered up his sword, and a bishop his mitre. The queens were treated with great courtesy when they fell, and were led off attend - cd by their pawns and knights. At the end of the game, when the king was checkmated, he delivered up his sword and crown, and the remainder of the pieces, having capitulated, marched oft the board to alow music New York Sun. . Slanned.the Emperor on the Back - . - ! Emperor William of Germany dined at the barracks in Potsdam the other even-; ing. Before seating himself at the table he stood, in naval uniform, with his back to the door conversing. An officer of, the guard, who had seen him shortly be fore in a general's uniform attended by. an adjutant in a rir?ss similar to that now worn bv the Emperor, approached him suddenly from behind and clapped him on the shoulder familiarly, with a re--mark which showed that he mistook the person addressed for the Emperor's ad iutant. William laughed heartily over the mistake and shook hsnds with the barra6scd officer. Torh Tritmni , THE HILLS OF SO NO. Lo! I have fared and fared again Far up and down the ways of men. And found no path I strayed along As happy as the htlls of song. As in the days when time began ' Are played the merry pipes of Pan, ' And never rises note of wrong Upon the happy hilts of song. There is no frost of doubt to blight; The run of faith sheds lustroui light; . To peace and Joy the hours belong Upon the happy hills of song. frhen ho! who Will, and follow me! Through flowery mee.de the path shall b Fear not the way is steep or long " Unto the happy hills of song. j Lo! I have farad and fared again Far up and down the ways of men. And found no path I strayed aloAg h sAapgy as the hills of song. Clinton Scollara in Harper, Bazar. PlTII pD POINT. norse cents--Cab-fire. "Sandy soil" Scotland's- Run to earth Electric wires. "We meet but to part," as tho comb said to the brush. huretrd Lampoon. . I charge ye, travelers, though I little charge Come in mine inn, mine incosna to enlarge. - . 1 Judg. Pessimism is a sort of intellectual in- digestion; at least it comes from things that don't agree with us. Pad. When a lawyer pays" court to' his aspi rations there is a strong suggestion of judicial bribery.' Button Courier. . - ify good name's gone, 'tis lost V FreJ cried. ! "How did you lose tV queried Balla; "Tis gone forever, he replied, Twas carved on my new silk umbrella." t Xrto York iYrts. A Natural Inquiry: Wagg "What are you doing now I Wooden "Oh, I'm living by brain work." Wagsr "I want to know! Whose?" Botfoit Courier. , , "This is a magnificent place, sir. Why, ten years ago I came here with nothing but the clothes on ray back. "And now I ' "I ve got another shirt. Bazar. , "In practicing the banjo," writes a " teacher, "don't get discouraged." That's wise. You can safely leave that for the persons who have to listen to you. New . Tori Iltcorder. Mary," said the lady of the house as the cook was leaving, "I think you are treating me shamefully, leaving with out a day's notice." , Indeed, I'm sorry, mum, an if a reference will be of any use to you, mum, I'll give you . one cheerfully." -New York Recorder. "Wilt take a little smack with me) They loitered by the sailf ul sea Then dropped her lashes modestly. And mildly, meekly blushin'. She said: "I wil participate ' In such diversions as you state. If you the same will designate - ( A labial concussion.' Boston Courier. Yes," said the scientist, as he took a drink of water from the glass that rested on the table at. his elbow,' "the tem perature of the moon is something over 100 degrees below zero the year round." A local coal dealer who sat in the audi ence heaved a deep sigh and and thought so hard for the next half hour that his hair actually curled up tight to his bead. Pfci's Sun. v "There's .a young doctor up town who will have to improve his methods or be will never have patients enough to main tain him. A ' woman came in to see him only two davs ago, looking haggard and . pale. "We'll," he said, what is it?" "I'm troubled with insomnia, she sighed. "What sbaU I do for itr "Sleep it off, madam; sleep it oU." Jir advised curtly, and asked her for-$2. Detroit Free Preta. A Counterfeit Coffee Bran. 'Is there such a thing as a counter feit coffee bean? Well, I should say , there is. Billions of 'em, at that," said the head of the coffee department ia m Madison street grocery, nouse. 1. VEiat are they mJe of? Ohdaugh, " peas andfcan, chicory, old 'coffee grounds, clay ?rnost anything that comes handy.' ThXe are factories run ning for no other purpose thanl&he manu facture of imitation roffee. The first ones were down East; now the imitation bean is made here in Chicago, and even out in Sioux City. Imitations such at this are almost necessary. None of them r but the clay is injurious; the others weaken the codec. The cheaper retail ers have a call tor cheap coffee which they cannot supply with any .real article. It is impossible to buy even genuine Rio and sell it for twenty-fire cents a pound, and that is what many people demand. Those people may not know it, but they are drinking just a little imitation cof fee. "Of course, the imitations are not sold alone. They are sprinkled into the genuine coffee just to make up- a littl profit. The dough bean is the best imi tation. It cannot be told from the rea? coffee unless you taste it. The peas and beans are used only in ground coffee, be cause they could not be made to look like a real coffee bean. -These imitations affect the price of only the cheapei grades of "coffee. You will find ii only in the cheap stores on State street aad places of that kind. Real coffee cannot be sold now by the retailer for less than twenty-eight cents a pound, and any thing that costs less is sure to be mixed."' Chicago Pott. Too Much Even for the Highway mea. Of all the devices and inventions for the protection of treasure and the cir cumvention of the road agent, the only one that has stood the test of timend experience is a big, ugly tempered man with a aawed-off shot gun, on ho box.". If the robber gets the drop on the mes senger and keeps it, and contents him self with ordering the driver to throw out the box, he may win; but it is the business of the man with the sawed -off shotgun not to let him get the drop but to blaze away as soon as he shows up. The gun is sawed off for the greater con venience of the messenger in potting road agents. It is loaded with buckshot and siatters broadly. The length of the gun is such that when the muzzle rests upon the footboard the locks are about level with the messenger's knee, and he can swing it up into position very readily. If he gets it pointed auywhere near the robber some of the buckshot are sure to JaiL Ntv Xvrk Commercial AdtertUer, V J 7 J' X7 A - V