' ,.1'"" 'i'pp"1
Hint tor
la Oaf
Sports 11:1 will il;liisln-nl with our hin'n guile aims. Cone i
toiliv :ind cx iiiiiin-tlirs:: tiustiT pi -c nf mm m.ikcr's .rr VC'e :h
sure you will tind just the gun you waul, 'lucre are nuiiy style
and calibers thai space will not permit us to describe them, Come ii
and see for yourself.
We carry ammunition for all calibers,
Don't forget your hardware needs.
"OUR HARDWAKli Wl-ARS."
jlieillSiiHl!
MANUi;Ai:n!iii-:isoi'
PLOkS tfo PLOW C$TI,'JQS
Your Orders Promptly r illed- Let us Quote You
Farming Machinery and Tools
Belts and Pulleys Fi. tings, Etc., Etc.
Gas and Sttam Engines
Buick's Service Expert Mechanics
Special Agents for
Majestic Ranges Richmond Stoves
Mall Orders Given
)
(INCORPOHATliD)
'Everything in Hardware'
EMPORIA, VA.
SOUTHERN AlitflCULTURiSf,
NASHVILLE, TENN.
THE O-IAJSTT OF THE SOUTH.
Its immense popularity is due n it only to the fact that every line
in it is written for Southern farm families by men and women who
know and appreciate Southern ci nduinns, but to the practically un
limited personal service which is 1 iven to subscribers without charge
Every year we answer thousands of questions on hundreds of dif
ferent subjects all without chart:. When you become a subscri
ber this invaluable personal servic: is yours. That is one reason why
we have 375,000 CIRCULATION.
V
Bargains for you
IF YOU BUY
GROCERIES
W. T. PAEXER&CO.,
Wholesale Ca'sh Store
wrlw n. c
7 nWPiPX v ;J
We are not boasting. We are only stating a fact and wha hundred
of sarisfled patrons say about us. Besides excellence of goods -we also
y claim to promptness and carefulness in the hlhng of all orders.
I sell groceries as cheaU for cash ts any one in town, and will deliver
same FREE OF CHARGE.
L. E. HULL,
Ntar Uutchelor'f Opera Home. " hi DON N f
When You're
Whatever the cause overwork,
worry, jrief, loss of deep, ex
citement, businesi troubles,
ttimulants, narcotic! there'i
one medicina that will help you.
Dr. Miles Nervine
hat relieved thousandi of casei
of headache, dltzinesi, Irrita
bility, aleeplcsgncss, hytteria,
epilepsy. .Buy a bottle of your
druggist and start on the road
to better health today.
YomH Fia4 Dr. Milac Maddce a ywar Drug Store,
A MAIMUMlil AM
.w)
V 1
1; ..,-,,.
liMlh'-ii'l
lillill!
Prompt Attention
S
ALL YOL'R
FROM
Nervous
Dr. Miles' Guaranteed Medicines.
Dr. Miles' Nervine
Dr. Miles' Heart Treatment
Dr Miles' Tonic
Dr. Miles' Blood Purifier
Dr. Miles' Anti-Pain Pills
Dr. Miles' Laxative Tablet
Dr. Miles' Tonic
1 f
j Ij
The' Kind You Bave Always Bought, and which has beea
in use for over thirty years, has borne the signature of
and has been made under his per-
tJLjCfj?tt 6imal suPervislon Bince its infancy.
varr AUow no one t0 aeccjve you Jn this
All Counterfeits, Imitations and " Jupt-ns i are but
Experiments that trifle with and endanger tin: health of
Infant .mil Childrea Experience apiust r.-periment.
Never attempt to relieve your baby with a
remed that you would use for y ourself.
c What is CASTORI A
Castona i a harmless substitute f.ir Castur CJ, Paregoric,
Drops and Soothing Syrups. It is pwtMni. ! oirtainj
neither Opium, Morphine nor other narcotic Mibsi.mce. ita
ge is its iruarantee. For more than thirty vears it huj
1een iu constant use for the relief nf Constipation, Flatulency,
Wind Colio end Diarrhoea; alluyinn ''everishncsa arising
therefrom, and by regulating the Stomudi and JJowels, aids
the assimilation of Food; giving healthy and natural sleep.
The Children's Comfort The Mother's Frieud.
GENUINE CASTORIA ALWAYS
)
iBears the
In Use For Over 30 Years
me r!nd You Have
Bank of
T1LLERY,
W E Invite the people ol Halifax and surrounding country to pat
ronize this Dank. Why not have a checking account? It is
necessary in these times. It saves you money, and you have a re
ceipt nunin-t payments to your creditors. Besides it gives you a
standing in your community. We have every facility known lor
Sound banking, and invite you to open an account with us. j
The smallest account receives as much attention as the .argest
with us.
e pay 4 per cent. Com pounded
Cnntf In and talk It over with i'
mmmm
ctm
m
St
urn
mm
mm
MM
&m
mU
mm
m
Special Mid
nrr
A
ON
Boots, Shoes, Clothing and
Blankets
For Cash Only!
In order in convert some (4' my liirge stock into Cash
for the next 15 days I will allow a special discount of 10
percent, on all Shoes, Boots, Boy's and Men's Suits,
Overcoats and I'ants, all Ladies Dresses, Coat Suits and
Skirts and on Bed Comforts and Blankets for Cast) Oi;ly.
Those who wish to save m mey should be sure to see
my stock before buying. Original selling price of all goods
marked in plain figures there in.
4. L. ShJflBlCK,
mm
mm
The Busy Store,
mm ii r is Tit ii ta riMi riitwl "-"fT-wini
THE BEST FRIEND
YOU will ever have is yoni b.mk bonk. In case of trouble
or sickness he is a good I How to have around. When
at opportunity cmi. fur iti -iiiiciu licie you ctn liciio!
yourM .t itiul voti need some in nicy quickly, HE won't turn
YOU down 'I Villi have cnluv ilcd him properly Why not
start th .1 ;i.c iii'.t today and lit nrcpiired to laugh at .ulversity?
.--Eii-:as:.TK!a
EAGLE "MIKAD0"v
For SU t your Dealer Made in fire (mdee
ASK FOR THE YELLOW PENCIL WITH THE RED BAND
EAGLE MIKADO
AG! E PENCIL COMPANY, NEW YORK
1
Signature of
ASwpys Boughs
' Yd M K CITV.
Tillery,
N. C.
Quarterly on Savings.
vve need vui von nerd i
$ a- mmmmz
- Winter
n
J
um
WELDON, N C
MM
mm
.J
IgPencfl No. 174
9 w t m
nn7I Ntlll arc, InsinnrPs of purHisfMui
hI)ijsc, thft Hiilijcct should nut he ap- '
prMachcil vvllh nny jiciu'nil liiinitali. '
to oxlNtiiu ilisititnitivu tiKt'iit'it'M nf ilu
MliiTHiHy imrini'-nal uppi-tibHlnn, tiul
rHtlirr Willi the rnnrpptlnii tliiit Itif
iiiurUt-rlnif uf Innii pi'idiKt.s lias ui
in"'n inn(irnizi-(
An a rr Ii'iit evil, inn! a p)'r:ln-nt
ont. Is tin iiti'lorm-inIinL' nf furm pn.il- .
u'tH, wilh the rcMilt tluit what the j
ffirnicrs Rfll us of mm (piallly Is re- j
sohl tis t.f a hitfhfr That this nun of
hlt ;m'ry sh-Mild persist on any iai- '
portunt sciilc In these dnjn of husl
ness Inherit y would sueiu uluiost in-
rcillhlc, hut there Ib miii li evldenco
Unit It does so poiHtsi, Kvon as I
wrtti?, the Dewspiipt-rs HtinouiK'e tlna i
Huspniisloh ttf Kewml llruni from the
New York Produce Kichan for ex- I
portini; to (It'rniiiny us No. 'i wheat a
whole Rhiploiid of jti tissly Inferior wheat
mixed with ont.s. rhnfr nml the like.
Anolher evil Is that of Inaccurate
welk'hlnn of furm products, which, It
In I'hai'Kcd, Is HoiiH'tlines n nmtler of
illshoncst Intention and somotliiiHi of
protective polky on tho part of tlie
local huyor, who fears that he may
'weluh out" more than he "weighs In."
A ureuter (,'ilevance n that at pres
ent the Held farmer has little or no
enntrol over the time and conditions
of marketing his products, with the
result that he la often underpaid for
his products and usually overcharged
for marketing aervlce. The differ
ence between what the fanner re
ceives and what the consumer pays
often exceeds all possibility of Justl
tlcatlou. To cite a single Illustration.
Last year, according to figures attest
ed by the railways and the growers,
(ieorgla w ateruiehm-ralsers received
on the average 7.5 cents for a melon,
the railroads not 12.7 cents for carry
inn It to Italtlmore and the eonsumer
pald one dollar, leaving 79 8 cents for
the service of marketing and Its risks,
as against 20.2 cents for growl nc and
transporting The hard annals of
farm-life are replete wilh such com
mentarlea on the crudeness of pres
ent practices.
Nature prescribes that the farmer's
"goods" must be finished within two
or three, months of the year, while
financial nnd storage limitations gen
erally compel Mm to sell them at the
same time. As a rule, other industries
are in a continuous process of finish
ing goods for the markets; they dis
tribute as they produce, and they can
curtail production without too great
Injury to themselves or the commu
nity; but If the farmer restricts his
output, It ts with disastrous conse
quences, both to himself and to the
community.
The average farmer Is busy with
production for the major part of the
year, and has nothing to sell. The
hulk of bis output comes on the mar
ket at once. Hopause of lack of stor
age facilities and of financial support,
the fnrmer cannot carry bis goods
through the year and dispose uf them
as they are currently needed. In the
great majority of cases, farmers have
to entrust storage In warehouses and
elevators--and the financial carrying
if their products to others.
Farm products are generally mar
Heted at a time when there Is a con
gestion of both transportation and
llnance when car's nnd money are
seal e. The outcome, In nuuv In
stances, Is that the farmers not oniy
sell under pressure, and therefore at
a disadvantage, hut are compelled to
take further reductions In net returns,
in order to meet the charges for the
service of storing, transporting, ftnanc
in,:, and ultimate marketing which
I'liarges they claim, are often execs
sive, hear heavily on both eoi.su iier
and produce.-, and are under the son
Irol of those performing the servf-es
It Is tme that tl ey are relieved of
ihe risks of a changing market by
selling at i pee ; hut they are quite will
tag to lake the unfavorable ihunee,
If the favorable one also Is theirs and
they retain for themselves a putt
of the service charges that are uni
form. In good years and bad, with
high prices and low.
While, In the main, the farmer must
sell, regardless of market conditions,
at the time of the maturity of crops,
he cannot suspend production In toto.
He must gn on producing if he Is to go
on living, and tf the world Is to exist
The most he can do Is to curtail pro
duction a little or alter its form, and
that because he Is In the dark as to
the probable demand for his goods
may be only to Jump from the frying
pan into the fire, taking the consumer
with him.
Even the dairy farmers, whose out
put Is not seasonal, complain tlmt they
find themselves at a disadvantage la
the marketing of their productions,
especially raw milk, because of the
high costs of distribution, which they
must ultimately bear.
Ill
Now that the farmers are stirring,
thinking, and uniting as never before
to eradicate these Inequalities, they
are subjected to stern economic lec
tures, and are met with the accusation
that they are demanding, and are th
recipients of, specl ii privileges. Let
us see what priileges the government
has conferred on the fanners. Much
has been made of Section 6 of the
rhytnii Anil Trust Act, which pur
ported to permit them to combine with
Immunity, under certain conditions.
Admitting that, nominally, this ex
emption was In the nature of a special
privilege, - though I think It was so In
appearance rather than In fact. we
And that the courts bave nullified It
by judicial Interpretation. Why should
not the farmers he permitted to ac
complish by c-opertive int-tiitHta what
other businesses are already doing by
co-operation In the form of Incorpora
tion? If It be proper for men to form,
hy fusion of existing corporations or
otherwise, a corp ration that controls
the entire production of a commodity,
or a large part Iff It, why Is It not
proper for a group of farmers to unite
fur i he marketing of their common
product, either In one or In several
selling agenclesr Why should It be
right for a hundred thousand corporate
sliHivluddcrs' to direct 25 or 80 or 40
per cent of an Industry, and wrong for
s hundred thousand co-operative
farmei-s tu control a no larger propor
tion of the wheat crop, or cotton, tr
any other product?
The Department of Agriculture la
often spoken of as a special concession
to the fnnyers, but In lis commercial
results, it Is of BR much benefit to the
buyers and consumers of agricultural
products as to the producers, or even
more. 1 do not suppose that anyone
ppoaoa the benefits that the farmers
derive from the educational and re
search work of the department, or the
help that It gives them In working out
Improved cultural methods and prac
tices, in developing beUer yielding va
rieties through breeding and selection.
In introducing new varieties from re
mote parts of the world and adapting
t) i i' 'Hir e'hnate and economic eon
ures for the elimination r cu.itn.i T
dangerous and destructive animal n.d
plant iINi'H'-cs, Inject pests, and the
like. All these llilngs manifestly ! ml
to sMiniiliite and enlarge r I m n.
Mhil ilielr general benellclal em-els ,-re
iivi..ii.s.
Ii is complained lliat, wiiereas Un
law ri'(rlef s l Ydernl Iteserve banks
to three nmtilf's' time fur eoimri'-iTiiil
paper, the farmer Is all-wrd lx
uiontlix n his i"tc. This is im( a
special privilege, hut merely such a
n smith mi of tnshi(ti-t condith'Tis as
malis it po:;sl,le fop com, try banks
to ii tHMlnes with ciMiniry people.
The crop farlner has only one turn
over n year, while the merchant and
miiiinl'iH-turer have many. Incidental
ly, I note that the l-'eib-nil Iteserve
Unnnl lias JihI nntlmrl.ed Hie Fed
eral lleferve hank' to discount export
paper for a period f six ih-miHh, to
conform to the nature of the busi
ness Tlie ii rm lutii hanks are pointed
to as mi Instaice of special govern
ment fivor f"r flintier Are limy n t
rather the outcome f land ihh- efforts
to eiialle rural aiol urhna comll-Ihiii-.?
Am) ahmil all the government
does there Is tu help set up an ad
mlulsti-iiiivc organization nml lend a
little ire. lit at the shirt Kvcnlually
the 1'iirincrs will provide all Hie capi
tal and curry all the llahllllies them
selves It Is true l hat 1'ann Loan
hcinl-i are tux exempt ; hut so are
hiMids nf municipal light and traction
limits, and new housing Is to he ex
empt from tuxatloa, In New Ynrk, for
ten yars.
On the niner hand, the farmer reads
of plans for municipal housing proj
ects Hint run Into the billions, of huu
dreds f millions annually spent on
the merchant marine; lie reads that
I lie ralhvuys are being favored with
increased rates and virtual guaranties
ttf earnings by the government, with
the result t him of an 'ucrensod toll
on all that he sells and all that he
buys. Ho hears of tunny uinnlfesta
Hons of governmental concern for par
tlcular Industries and Interests. Res
cuing Ihe railways from insolvency Is
undoubtedly for the benefit of the
country as a wh ile, but what can be
of more general benefit than encour
agement of ample production of the
principal necessaries of life and their
even flow from contented producers to
satisfied cotiMliuetsV
While It may he conceded that
special governmental aid may he nec
essary In the general Interest, we must
all agree that It Is difficult to see wh
agriculture and the production and dis
trihutlun of farm products are n -t ac
corded the same opportunities that are
provided fT other businesses ; espe
cially M the enjoyment by the farmer
of such opportunities w uld appear to
be even more contributory lo Hie gen
eral good than In t:ie case of other
Industries. The spirit uf American
democracy Is unalterably opposed,
alike to enacted special privilege and
to the special privilege of unequal op
portunity that arises automatically
from the failure to correct glaring
economlo Inequalities, I am opposed
to the Injection of government Into
business, but I do believe that It is an
essential function of democratic gov
ernment to equalize opportunity so
far as It Is within its power to do so,
whether by the repeal of archaic
statutes er the enactment ef modern
ones. If the anti trust laws keep the
farmers from endeavoring scientifically
to Integrate their Industry while other
Industries find a way to meet modern
conditions without violating such stat
utes, then It would seem reasonable
lo find a way for the fanners to meet
them under the same conditions. The
law shi'iild operate equally in fact. Re
pairing the economic structure ou one
side Is no Injustice to the other side,
which Is In good repair.
We have traveled a long way from
the old conception of government as
merely n defensive and policing fluency ;
and regulative, corrective, or equalis
ing legislation, which apparently Is of
a special nature, la often of the moat
general beneficial consequences. Kven
the First Congress passed a tariff act
that whs avowedly for the protection
of manufacturers; but a protective
tariff always has been defended as a
menus of promoting the general good
through a particular approach; and
the statute books are filled with acts
for the benefit of shipping, commerce,
nnd labor.
rv
Now, what is the fanner aeklngT
Without trying to catalogue the re
medial measures tint hove been sug
gested In his behalf, the principal pro
posals that bear directly on the Im
provement of hi distributing and mar
keting relations ninv be summarized as
follows:
First: storage warehouses for cot
ton, wool, and tobacco, and elevators
for grain, of sufficient capacity to meet
the maximum demand on them nt the
peak nf the marketing period. The
fanner thinks that either private capi
tal must furnish these facilities, or the
atate must erect and own the eleva
tors and warehouses.
Second; weighing and grading of
agricultural products, and certification
thereof, to be done bj Imparled and
disinterested public Inspectors (this Is
already accomplished tn some extern
by the federal licensing of weighers
and graders), to eliminate underpay
Ing, overcharging, and unfair grading,
and to facilitate the utilization of the
stored products as the basis of credit
Third : a certainty of credit sufficient
to enable the marketing of products
In nn orderly manner.
Fourth: the Department of ARricui
hire should collect, tabulate, minima
rlze, and regularly and frteptentl pub
llsh am! distribute to the farmers, full
Information from all the markets ot
the world, so t lint they shall he as well
Informed of their selling position as
buyers a .w are of their buying hsI
tlon. Fifth: freedom to integrate the husi
ness of agriculture by means of con
solidated sidling ngencb'H, coirdlnat
ing and co-openitln-; In such way as to
put Hie fanner on uu equal feotme
with the large buyers of his products,
and will) commercial relations In other
Industries.
When a business requires specialised
talent, It has to buy it. So will the
tanners; and perhaps the best way fo
them to get It would be to utilize s im
of the present machinery of the birg
est established agencies dealing In
farm product. Of course. If he wishes
the fanner may go further and engage
In flour-milling and other manufacture
of food products. In my opinion
however, he would he wise to stop
short of that. Public Interest may b
opposed to all great Integrations; hut.
In Justice, should they be forbidden to
the fanner and permitted to olbcrsV
The corporate fomn of association can
not now be wholly adapted to his ob
Jects and conditions. The looser co
operative form seems more generallv
suitable. Therefore, he wishes to be
free, If he finds It desirable and feas
j Ible, to resort to e-operatlon with hU
. fellows and neighbors, with' ut run
nlng sfoul of the law. To urge thai
the farmers should have the same lib
erty to consolidate and co-ordinate
j their peculiar eeonornh fm thms.
vilifA e4eW eWUfe's etf eealilf
enjoy, Is not, however, to cmicefle fOat
any business integration should have
legislative sanction to exercise monop
olistic power. The American people
are as tirnily opposed to Industrial as
to political autocracy, whether at
'erupted hy rural or 1 ;. nr'-im iirl'i-'ry,
l-'or I.. U of united in tlie f no-rs
,is a whole are still marketing 1 1 r
rops by antiquated methods, or by no
methods at all, but tlcy aresiirroundcd
by a husim-s w. rid th::t lias been
modernized to the Inst minute and Is
tirelessly striving for efli- k'ucy. ."ids
llbiency is due Iti large iue:inre to
big business, to united business, to In
tegrated business. The farmers now
seek the benetits of such largeness, un
Ion and Integration.
The American farmer Is a modern of
the moderns In tlie use of lub r savhrj
machinery, ami he has made vast
strides In recent years in scientifh
tillage and ellhleui farm mann emca'
but as a business in contact with nth.i
businesses agin allure Is a "one hori
diny" In compel It I mi with hijli pnwei
antomolilles The American f irmer Is
the grey test and trm-l Intracia'de t:
Individualists. While industrial pro
lueli .11 and alt pb: uf h,- ,
mereial me hahi' ii :n,i lw nn rind n
'omhmi'W's have uriiiMlaicd and nh
noted themselves a'l tlie way I'min i.ai
il nil raw loaleriaK h recall Hi -.. Mo
btnlne e,' a-M-'iilfo
much t 'i one u aa 1 "
woods of the M s' .
teenth century, n h ;,
I Ml Ml'
I.
thf "lUliUT
seir sutti sent and : d
or cure er mm Ii
ot depend Open,
vhat the gr. ut
world wns doing. The result is that
the agriciiil lira! group is al a i a
much at a :dvant;ige in dea w ith
other eeteiniiiie gro , us the jay fann
er of the funny pages in the hands of
sleek urban confidence men, who sell
him acreage in Central Park oi the
Chicago city hall. The lenders of the
farmers ihoroughly understand this,
and they are lulellluently striving to
Integrate their Industry so that it will
be on nn equal footing with other bust
n esses.
As an example of lnie::raisoiit rake
the steel imlu-ury, in which the nmde!
Is the tTnlted States- Stee! Corporation,
with Its Iron mines, Its coal nina-s. Itn
lake and rail t rut importation, Its .ee.in
vessels, its by-product coke ovens, Its
blast furnaces. itts i.pen heiutli and
Bessemer furnaces. Its rolling milts, its
tube mills ami other inanufg'turing
processes that are carried to the lilish- ;
est degree of finished production enin
pattblc with the targe trade It has
built up. All this Is geia-ially corn ed
ed to be to the advantage of tlie dm
sinner. Nor d-'es the steel corporation
Inconsiderately dump lis prrdiMis n
the market On the contrary, It so
acts that it is frequently a stabilising
Influence, as Is often the case with oih
er large organizations. It is master of
its distribution as well as of Its pro
duction. If prices are not satisfactory
the products are held back or produc
tion is reduced or suspended. It is not
compelled to semi a year's work to the
market at one time and take whatever
It enn get under -such elreuinstuii' es
It has one selling pulley and its own
expert department. Neither Htv the
grades and qualities of steel determln
ed at the euprh-e nf Hie buyer, nor does
flie latter hold the scales. In this sin
gle integration oj tlie steel corporation
is represented about 10 per rent of Ihe
steel production of America Tlie rest
Is mostly it) tlie hands of a few lame
companies. In ordinary times the
steel corporation, by example, stabilizes
all steel prices. If this Is permissible
(it Is even desirable, because stable
and fair prices are essential to solid
and continued prosperity) why would
it be wrong for the farmers to utilize
central agencies 1 hat would have simi
lar efl'ei-ts on agricultural products?
Something tike that Is what they are
.timing nt.
Some farmers favored by regional
compactness nnd contiguity, such as the
citrus fruit -raisers of California, al
ready have found a way legally to
merge and sell their products Inte
grally ami In accordance with seasonal
and local demand, thus improving
their position and rendering the con
sumer a reliable service of ensured
quality, certain supply, and reasonable
and relatively steady prices. They
have not found It necessary to res.irt
to any special privilege, or to claim
any exempli, n under the anti-trust
legislation uf the slate or nation. Wl;h
out removing local control, the have
built up a very efficient marketing
agency. Th grain, cotton, and to
bacco farmers, and the producers of
hides and wool, because of their num
hers and the vastuess of their regions,
and for other reasons, have found
Integration a more difficult task ;
though there are how some thousands
of farmer's co-operative elevators,
warehouses, creameries, and other en
terpriseg of one sort and another, with
h turn-over of a billion dollers a year.
They are giving the farmers business
experience and training, and, so far
as they go. they meet the need of
honest weighing and fair grading; but
they do not meet the requirements uf
rationally adjusted marketing In an
large and fundamental way.
The next step, Milch will be a pat
tern for other groups, li now being
prepared Jiy the grain-raisers through
the establishment of sales media which
shall handle grnln separately or col
lectlvely, as the Individual farmer may
elect. It is this step the plan of the
Committee of Seventeen which has
created so much opposition and Is
thought by some to be in conflict with
the antitrust laws. Though there Ik
now before congress a measure de
signed to clear np doubt on this point
the grain-producers are not relying on
any Immunity from anti-trust legisla
tion. They desire, and they are en
titled, tn co-ordinate their efforts Just
as effectively at the large business in
terests of the country have done. In
connection with the selling organiza
tions the I'nlted States (iralu i rowers
Incorporated is drafting a schen nf
financing iiiHtrumeni alines and auxili
ary agencies which are Indispensable
to the successful utilization of modem
business methods.
It Is essential that the farmers
should proceed gradually with these
plans, and aim to avoid the error of
scrapping the existing marketing ma
'hlnery, which has been so laboriously
built up by long experience, before
i hey have a tried and proved substi
tute or supplementary mechanism
They must be careful not to become
enmeshed In their own reforms and
lose the perspective of their place In
the national system. They must guard
against fanatical devotion to new doc
i rtnes, and should seek articulation
with the general economic system
rather than Its reckless destruction as
It relates to them.
To take a tolerant and sympathetic
view of the farmers' strivings for bet
ter things is n.d to give a blanket
endorsement to any apeciflc plan, and
still less to applaud tle vagaries of
some of their trailers and groups
Veitber should wt, on the other hand,
allow the froth of bitter agitation
fnlRe economics, and mistaken radicv
ism to cop -eal the 'acts of the farm
era' disad- untaxes, and the practlcahll
itv of c'itn.mitit v. i'mm. by well-Con
' v " :r 1 t 'h-
(jut""' till bituw the . tui
saga .t; and develop the wiae I-TITer-
ship to carry through sound plan'. ; bo. j
that possibility ds not Ju-dlfv
ihslnjotlnn of their UMarrl e.'.rns. j
vVe. as city people, see m tn.h iml j
ipeeulntl voly m;i ii?d h .M te :.vs
jpuilage, waste. si-aiViU, Hie h-miUs j
it defect e d :st n iof mM ,,f tann pr d- j
acts. Should It n.d ur to us ibat j
we have n emmo.,,! in'eivsf wltd the j
farmer In U i-iiemj-f to ,it':r: a de- j
?reP of efli. iencj In -! nbut i.. r j
responding lo his efijeiency in prod-ie j
lion? Io n-.t the recent fim-f n'i.Mis j
In the May wheal opllnn. tipparcnU.v i
unrelated to n-M-mal Intenirtlnti "f j
supply and demand, offer a Hm. 'y j
proof of the need of some audi stabll-
Izlng agency as the grain growers have j
In contemplation? j
It is contended that. If their pro- i
posed organizations he perfected and j
operated, the farmers will have i i
their bands an Instrument riiul will be j
capable of dangerous abuse We mt i
told Unit It Will be possible In perxen !
it to arbitrary and oppressive prhc i
fixing from Its legitimate use of -" 1 ;
lug ami stabilizing the th
products to Hie market, to ihe n
benefit of producer and cmiisimh.m I
have no apprehensions on this point
In the first place, a loose or.air'a
tlon, such as any union of farmers
must be at best, cannot be so arbi
trarily and promptly controlled as n
great corporation. The ime Is u Pun
berlng democracy and the other an a - le
autiK'racy. In the secon I ptne.. v. ib
all possible power f org nl.atioii ihe
farmers cannot succeed to any great
extent, or for any. considerable len-th
of time, in fixing prices. The gnat
law of supply aid demand works in
various ami surprisim: ways, tn 'lo
undoing of the best laid plans f .i.
attempt to full It. In the third pla
their power will avail the fufhu-r ;
nothing If It he abused In our i me
and country power Is of value to Its
possessor only so he as It is not
abused. It Is fair ! sav ittal I line
seen no sLms In responsible qnai'o.s
if a disposition to dictate prices
There seems, op the contrary, to be a
commonly beneficial purpose to realize
a stability that will giv an orderly
and abundant Mow of farm products
to the CMiistimer and ensure reasonable
and dependable returns to the pro
ducer. In view of the supreme Importance
to the national well-being of a pros
perous and contented agricultural pop
ulation, we should be prepared to go
a long way In assisting the farmers t
get an equitable share of the wealth
they produce, through the Inaugura
tion of reforms that will procure a
continuous and increasing stream of
farm preducts. They are far frim get
ting a fair share now. Considering
his capital and the long hours of labor
put in by the average farmer and his
family, be is renor crated less than
any other occupational class, wilh the
possible oxeepil ii of teachers, rell
i.'lous and lay. Tl-omdi we know that
the present gem "s -ess of the
farmers U e'ce Hid Is linked
with the Inevitable - icMnic readl ist
ment following ' "-ar It mini be
remembered lb '' ni e-e t
vz - ne third of ' ia 1 ' o
and half the tn:.i -r.p. i.itfun of ihe
nation, the rural communities ordl
aarily enjoy but a fifth to a quarter of
the net annual natio at train N twith
standing tlie ta'Ue of prosperity that
the farmers had durlm: the ar Hi e
is today a lower standard of living
among the cotton farmers of Mi.' So itb
than in any other p P'suit in the count ry.
In conclusion, it seems to me ll at the
fanners are chiefly striving for a 'Jen
ts'tilly heiieth ;al Integration of their
business, of the same kind and charac
ter that other business on toys. If It
should be found n examination that
the attainment of this end requi-es
methods different from (hose ui.ich
other aitivtties have followed fi-r the
same purpose sin uld we not sympa
thetlcaily consider the plea for the
right to co-operate, if only from our
own enlightened self Interest, In ob
taining an abundant and steady fbw of
farm products?
In examining the agrlcult iral sirua
tlon with a view to Its Improvement,
we shult be must helpful If ve main
tain a d"tached and judicial viewpoint,
remembering that existing wrongs may
be chiefly en accident of unsynnnetrl
oal economic growth instead of h crea
tion of malevolent design and coiis-lra-cy.
We Americans are prone, as Pro
fessor Pavid Friday well says In his
admirable lurk. "Profits, Wages and
Prices," to seek a "criminal intent be
hind every dltfieult and undesirable eeo
noiuic situation.' I can posltlvel.v as
sert from my contact with n;i ;i - f
lam- affairs. Including hankers. !! it
ts a wh"h tbe are endeav orit..; t
fulfill as they see them the oldi-a;i
Miat go with their power. Preoccir' ,-1
with the grnve pnblems and hciw
task of their own immediate affairs,
'hey have not turned their tb urlrful
personal attention or their ct.;:si
the aldlllies to the deficiencies !' a n
cultural business organization. Agri
culture, It may be said, suffors from
their preoccupation and neglect ret her
than from any pun.oseful exploitation
by them. They ought now to begin to
respond to the farmers' dl tUcul t ies.
which they must realize are their own
On the other hand, my contacts with
the farmers have filled me with respect
for them for their sanity, their pa
tience, their balan e Within the last
year, and parilcufarly at a meeting
called by the Kansas State Ponrd of
Agriculture nnd at another called by
the committee of Seventeen, I have
met many of the leaders of the new
I farm movement, and I testify In all
sincerity that they are endeavoring to
deal with their problem, not ss pro
moters of a narrow class Interest, not
as exploiters of the hapless consumer,
not as merciless monopolists, but as
hjmedt ment bent on ihs Improvement
of the common weai.
We can and must meet sbeh men
snd a cause half way. Their
hutlnesa l our business the nation's
business
CASTORIA
For Infants and Children
In Use For Over 30 Years
Always bear.
the
Signature ol
SOJER PHILOSOPHY.
How many halves are there to a
man, Pete.
Don't be a fool, there's only two
halves to anything. Why?
Well, when I came out of the
trenches I was half starved, half
frozen, half-blind and half plain
dead. How come? .
Children Cry
FOR FLETCHER'S
CASTORIA.
A.'
7
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