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THE WILMINGTON JOURNAL. WILMIXbTOff. NTC.. FRIDAY, APnil 13, 1833. f;fy paper one year. Weekly .... ,.......$0 ....... 2,50 S Invariably in advance. ' The August Elccllon. That by-goncs should be by gnnes, is a maxim of party policy of very general application, and per haps, in all cases, il would be better to bury eve ry remembrance of past feuds, so far, at least, as their bitterness is concerned; and only to recall them for the purpose of employment as beacons to guard us against falling into the same errors in the future. It is pun ly in this spirit, and not with any desire to excite feelings tending to crimina tion or recriminntion, that we allude to the diffi culties, and, indeed, partial failure of the. Demo cratic party in the last election for members of the State Legislature. Few can doubt but that, had the- Democratic forco been united in the several counties, its aggregate majority in the General As sembly would have been such as to have render ed all intrigues iu that body perfectly powerless; wing of tho Whig party, and no pains will be spared nor effort unessayed to defeat him. Col. Gaiiher is already in tho field. , For many , reasons we hop that the Democrats will not run a candidate. Mr. C, in many of the most essential points, assimilates very closely to bur views of political orthodoxy, and, although in others he does not, and we should by all means prefer an up and down Democrat, still he is so very far preferable to a Scott Whig, at least to such Whig as would attack him for his course in the late Presiden tial struggle, and the chances for elect ing a Democrat in that District are so precarious, that we think prudence alone would avoid the risk of electing Mr. Gaither, by such a division of the State Rights forces as the running of a Democratic candidate might produce. Mr. Clingman has a far higher order of talents, and much greater personal popularity than his Scott opponent. A correspond ent of the Rtberford Banner hints at Major Stokes, Democrat, as likely lo come out. Wc hope, under the circumstances, he will not. A great victory has a tendency to lead to the dis organization of the forces which achieved it, by giv ing currency to the impression that vigilance is no ..... 1 - A. 11 " , rnnnlroH Til ! and, even as it was, had every member uaiiini; as i woger iiewsMrj, uw ui .v.. - j r..:u - Affnr. must bp frnnrdpd against. As for the effect of offi- a uemocrar, sioou up in guuu i.um, nj u.uv-. 0 o cnt result mi"ht have been anticipated. These cial patronage, one way or t:ie otner, wc auacn iar things are notorious, ami our present reference to j less importance to it than most people do. i o me them, U simjdy for the purpose of using them as grcatmass of the people, it is a matter of very little : nnnrnhin? Pnn.rrpssinn.il con- . concern, whether the recipient of such or such an iV VI 111 IIIM IU ..J-J.. V...W.....Q - I test in August next, when wc do sincerely hope, 'office be this man.or that man, so they feel assured that the party will go forward as one man, with j that the ( ffice will be administered properly, and in no d', virions or dissentions, through the effect of ( accordance with the principles which contain the which the Democratic strength may be weakened j real vitality of the party. Such, at least, is our in the Congressional delegation,. as if was last year 'view of the matter, and we think it is about right in the members to the House of Commons of the 'The great popular impulses which produce political State. Altthe States iivwhich elections have been revolutions arc altogether independent of the office held sinco the great Presidential contest in No j holding or seeking influence, since, as a general vernier last; have shown constan ly increasing ma-' rule, we believe that this influence is brought to jorities for the Democratic party. To this rule bear about as strongly and effectively on the side of we have seen no exception, and wc do most sin-1 the defeated as of tho victorious party. In our State ccrely trust that North Carolina will not be the politics, certainly, federal appointments should not first State to furnish an instance of falling off. Of be allowed to possess any weight, for their doing so this, wc Teel confident that there is not the slight- would strike directly and heavily at the independ cst danger, if even common prudence govern our ence of the States. counsel, and we be not insane enough to split j But we have exceeded our limits. The time is among ourselves, ui mis lauer, wo u not ecu " '".'vi.viiv,hi..6 v..v much probability ment ; but favorable, rather, to a calm review an 1 In tho first I istrict. (chiefly Outlaw's,) the diffi- candid examination ol our position. culty, wo presume, will rather be in getting a candi- j onr TjIu to wmttviiic. date into the field, than in adjusting the conflicting j Our associate paid a visit to Whitcville on Mon claims of aspirants. This District was Whig in day last, on the Manchester Road. The Road, we November, but not by any means hopelessly so ; and are pleased to learn, is in good order the cars are wc arc pleased to notice that our friends in the va- excellent, and the locomotives large. The speed a rious Counties composing it are moving fur a Con- hoot 30 miles per hour. The track has been com- vention to be held at Gatesville, at an early day, for the purpose of bringing out a suitable person as candidate, and devising other proper measures for securing tho success of the party in the approaching contest. Friends with whom we have conversed, pleted a little beyond Porter's Swamp, about 65 miles from Brunswick River, from which place the cars start. Distilleries are being erected at several points on the Road in Columbus county. Lands have materially advanced in price in this county, resident in Halifax and other Counties of the Dis- ' since the Road has gone into operation. trict, ppeak in a tone very far removed from despond ing. They regard the chances as very fair. The Superior Court was in session, his Honor Judge Dick, presiding. A large number of frivol- In the second or Wayne District, wc presume ous cases of indictments of various kinds, were dis a Convention will be held. A meeting was held posed of on Monday and Tuesday. Columbus will last week at Goldsboro', and 50 Delegates appoint-; be a very different county in five yea:s from this ed to represent Wayne county therein. Messrs. j time. It possesses all the elements of wealth, and Lane and Ruffin, formerly candidates under differ- all the facilities for progress, in a measure not ex ent circumstances, are prominently spoken of in ' ceeded by any county in the State ; and its resources connection with the nomination. Mr. Loftin, Coun- will soon be largely developed by the access tomar ty Court Clerk of Lenoir county, is also mentioned, ket which the construction of the Railroad will open or has announced himself as a candidate. We "P to its products. presume that Mr. L. will abide the decision of a i We return our thanks to our patrons for the very Convention. At any rate, nothing but the most liberal manner in which they came forward and culpable negligence, or unpardonable bad faith, can ', squared up old accounts ; and also for the liberal in possibly prevent the election of a Democrat from crease to our listboth Daily and Weekly, a District in which the party majority is over two j The Isthmus of Tehuaktepec. It appears by thousand. And certainly, the Democrats of the Se-' recent advices from Mexico, that Col. Sloo and other cond District are not the men from whom any citizens of the United States, in connection with cer wavering need be feared. j tain citizens of the Republic of M exico, have entered Of course, we cannot say what may yet happen, into a contract with the Supreme government of but. so far. we see no reason to suppose that there Mexico for the construction of a communication will be any Whig candidate in this District. Our ; across the Isthmus, and Messrs. Mora and Gonzales, own opinion is that there will not ; nor, although the agents of the government, had left Vera Cruz for rumours have not been wanting, have we been led ; Minatitlan, to make delivery of the route to Senor to anticipate any opposition to Mr. Asho from ' Bonafacio Gutierrez, the agent of the company. among the ranks of his own party. It will be time The company had already deposited three hundred enough to discus the course most prudent to be pur- j thousand dollars in the Mexican Treasury. , r:ntors In OClce. - We have noticed among the appQintmeats-resefit-ly;Jjiade by President Pierce, the names of several Editors, which ia; somewhat unusual, although 'ftr can see no impropriety in the matter, botTathsr V0 reverse. ? The press "does a great deal more than half of all the electioneering. , Its conductors ero maso and arrange the facts and arguments; give shape and color toibe ideas, and in a degree which no other class can do arouse public attention to the issues of the various political contests, which may be pending; still, it has got to be a sort of idea that their occupation should, for some reason or other, incapacitate them for the discharge of official duties, and exclude them from the enjoyment of any of the honors or emoluments at the" disposal of the party to whose success they have so essentially con tributed. How far it may be for their interest to stand aloof from such things, is a different matter. As a general rule, we think that the post of tumor is a private station, but at the sam time, we cannot sec the necessity, nor subscribe- to the justice of the rule which would convert the editorial profession in to the mere hewers of wood! and" drawers of water of any party, without the privilege or the hope of as piring to the positions at the disposal of such party : and we are glad to see that General Pierce has made a step in advance towards the enfranchisement of that much abused class of suffering humanity; who may be hereafter regarded as free white men eligible to office, and not necessarily confined to being the mero etepping stoncs for the elevation of others over their own shoulders, and at their own expense. We see among the number of the 'I appointments, Greene, of the Boston Post, Surveyor at Boston; Sanford, of the Mobile Herald, Collector of that port; Pressly, of the Charleston Standard, Sub Treasurer there, and any number of post offices and such like, editorially supplied out West.. Spring lie Hanged. In spite of all the poets that ever rhymed "trees" to breeze," or " knees" to fleas," it is a humbug and an April Fool. It's not pleasant, no how. The weather is mean, generally speaking. March and April are tho ugliest months in the year 'spe cially both of them. The wind is altogether too high. People see dust, feel dust, eat dust, drink dust, and breathe dust, and do everything but udowi with the dust." One day, the warm weather affects the nervous system with a strong weakness, and the il spring fever" becomes general ; while, on the next, a Northeaster bungs up all heads, and forces the most fastidious to sniffle out ' Good bordig," all of which is somewhat unpleasant, and even unroman tic. But then again : Now blush the flowers in shady bowers, and little dos bite grunting hogs, and coo ing doves do tell their loves, among the trees, where jump the fleas, and echoes sweet the woods repeat, of niggers tearing, and ripping and raring, and cursing and swearing, with liquor aboard : where they get it, no body knows a word. Well they don't. Moke Gold. The Steamship Philadelphia, at N. Orleans on the 8th, reports the steamship Illinois on her way from Aspinwall to New York with two millions and a half of gold. The steamer Tennessee was lost near San Fran cisco. She was valued at $200,000. She was in sured in Eng1a.nl for $100,000. The news from the mining regions in California is very favorable. The old diggings yield more abundantly than when first dug over. Gold mines of great value are being dis covered in different parts of Oregon. The ship Con test has cleared from San Francisco, starting on her return voyage in a little over one hundred days from the day of her departure from New York. The Cal ifornia dates are up to the lGth ult. " '1 ho Steamship Europa arrived at New York on sued in such cse, when such case arises. In the Fowth District, Messrs. Venab'e and Lew- According to the contract the communication shall be by the River Coatzaconlcos as far as navigable, is, both Democrats, are candidates. A Convention and thence by plank and railroad to the Pacific has been talked of, bu' none as yet seems to be de- j the plank road to be finished in three and the rail cidod upon. Mr. Lewis is spoken of as a gentleman road in four years ; the direction of the road being of highly respectable character and talents ; Mr. j such as engineers shall point out as theshortest and Vcnable is, of courso, well known, and his friends 1 easiest. The government grants to the company seem confident of his re-election. The District is land for all its necessary purposes, and allows it to Democratic by over two thousand. There seems to take gratis from the public lands any materials it bo no idea of Whig opposition, upon which, perhaps, 1 may require. During the duration of the contract may depend the calling of a Convention. j the company shall have the exclusive privilege of The Fifth District contains a Whig majority of transportation, and the power to establish rates, col some eighteen to nineteen hundred, and is of course fares, etc. The company may impoit duty free conceded to that party. Something, perhaps, might ; every necessary for the construction of the road or bo done towards paving the way for the future by ; for the maintenance of the men emp'oyed upon it. reducing the majority ; but as matters now stand, j The government will protect with its full force the there is little grounds to hope for the present. In , construction, preservation, and security of the work, the Sixth District, however, the majority is not over i The fulfillment of the contract at the stipulated time a thousand, and our friends, many of them at least, j is guaranteed under certain penalties to be borne by think that there is room for exertion and a rcasona- the contractor. blehopeof success. This District is, in a great The Company contract to carry the Mexican mails measure, that represented in the last Congress by j free of charge, as also the troops, etc., of the Gene Jodcph P. Caldwell, a very respectable gentleman, j ral Government oi of the States. The national proper- who, although a Whig, could not support General , ty is to be transported for one fourth rates, and the Scott; he took no active part in the contest in any way. What may yet be done, remains to be seen. There s cms, so far, to have been no movement made on cither side. Whether Mr. Caldwell will again metals, agricultural and industrial products of the Republic shall be transported for 25 per cent less than the usual rates. The contract to subsist for fifty years, during no a candidate, or whether, if a candidate, he will ; which time the Mexican Government is to receive not encounter opposition from tho Seott wing of his ; twenty per cent of the nett revenue, and at its ex own party, wo cannot say, but presume that the ' piration, to enter into full and absolute possession course of the Democrats w ill be influenced very con- i of the road with all its appurtenances and necessary siderably by events which may occur. They would j machinery. The Government shall be considered a certainly prefer Mr. Caldwell to an ultra Scott stockholder, and havo a one-third power in the di Whig, and most certainly a good and true Democrat rection. to either. Tho Seventh District we set down as! Foreigners who become concerned in the mixed Democratic. It is so bc-vond ouestion. and nothin? ! company, either as stockholders or under anv other a rs " j is requisite but proper action on tho part of our friends, to elect triumphantly the candidate of our party. We have seen some of our old friends from that region, and they coincide with us in this belief Public opinion in the upper part of the District at least so far as we can judge from private conversa tion and tho tone of tho Democratic press points to Burton Craig, Esq., of Salisbury, as the Democrat ic candidate. If selected as such, Mr. Craig will, no doubt, do his duty, and arouse and bring out the whole strength of the party. Jamrs Osborne, Esq., of Charlotte, late Superintendent of the Mint there, will, in all probability, be his Whig compet itor. In the Seventh District, as being the most near ly balanced, the greatest amount of caution will be necessars-, and it will be requisite to unite and co operate thoroughly. . If this be done, the result will be certain victory. Since the preceding paragraph . was penned, we have received the Charlotte papers, and learn from them that Messrs. Craig and Osborne declared them selves candidates at Union Court last week. They are. therefore, fairly in the field, and are able, wor thy champions of their respective parties. Of Mr. Craig's success, w have very little doubt. A Jead set will trnqijestionably be made upon Mr ,.nirgman,.in. Uie Mountain District, by tho Scott title which may give them a right to take part in it, to participate in its proceeds, or claim any of its concessions, shall have no greater rights than Mex icans. All questions of this nature, and such as may arise in regard to the acquisition, preservation or loss of stock, or rights in the said road, shall be de cided by the proper national courts in conformity to law the company to discourage any attempts at smuggling to erect no forts, and transport no ar:n ed men without express authority from the Govern ment. A treaty guaranteeing the neutrality of this route and security to the company was signed at Mexico, on the 23d, by Mr. Conklin, the U. S. Minister, and the proper officers of the Mexican government. It yet remains for tho U. S. Government to ratify it. But its refusal will not vitiate Mr. Sloo's contract, which is already concluded the first $300,000 de posited on security and the company put in posses sion of the route. What effecj the return of Santa Anna may have, remains to be seen. It may yet upset the whole arrangement. J6gy Santa Anna has been elected president of Mexico, by an immense majority. With his known antipathy to the United States and his more than snjtpeeted tendency to European intrigm his course will be watching. "! Saturday, with Liverpool dates to the2Gth ult. " The British Parliament is not in session, and there is little of interest. The renewal of the East' India Company's charter is at the present moment a sub ject of keen inquiiy among commercial men, as well as politicians. There seems to be a feeling through out the country, opposed to a longer domination over a country of a hundred and fifty millions of people, by a Board of four and twenty Directors, in Leaden, Hall Street. The amount of emigration from the British Is lands, both to Australia and America, promises to exceed that of any former season. The French funds had been depressed, but had rallied in consequence of sonic official statements in dicating a settlement of the Turkish difficuliies. Tho demands of Russia had been slightly modi fied, and will, it is said, be acceded to by the Porte. They are such, even in their modified state, as indi cate the insolent consciousness of power on the part of tho party demanding them, and nothing but a knowledge of the vanity of resistance, could lead Tin key to submit to them. England and France will hardly resist the dismemberment of Turkey which they begin to look upon as inevitable. They will simply stipulate that they shall have their sh ire of the spoils. Cotton is the same as by the Arctic's advices : the market dull. Breadstuff's have advanced slightly. Wm. C. Bettencourt, Esq., has been appointed Collector for the District of Wilmington, vice A. D. Moore, Esq.. resigned. aT" Daniel Dickson, Esq., has been appointed Post Master at Wilmington, N. C. Mr. King. The U. S. War Steamer Fulton ar rived at Mobile, from Havana, on the 11th inst., with Hon. Wm. R. King on board. His health is not im proved, and no hope is entertained of his recovery. The Extra Session of the Senate closed on the 11th inst., and the Senate having disposed of all the Executive business before it adjourned sine the. XKa?" Hon. James Buchanan, of Pennsylvania, has been appointed and confirmed as Minister to Eng land. No appointment could have been made winch would havo given more general satisfaction. Mr. Buchanan's eminent abilities, ryid ripe experience j peculiarly fit him for the position which he is call ed upon to occupy. Rumours of differences in the Cabinet, have, some how or other, crept into the papers, but obvi ously without even the slightest foundation. The Washington Union authoritatively contradicts the whole thing. It i perfectly groundless. Mr. Punch says that the best way to curb a young man. is. decidedly, to bridal him. Awful man, Mr. Punch ! ... Correspondent , . , , , '."- WiLMiNGTON", April 7th, 'S3. . ' 1 Paor. A. - D. Baciie : Sir; The :Wilmington Chamber of Commerce, at its regular meeting held to-day, has instructed me, its Secretary, to commu nicate to you the resolution, a copy of which you find enclosed, and which passed by- its unaaimous consent and approbation. . I trust I may be permitted to add my individual acknowledgments to that of the Chamber, and to express the hope that, in restored and continued health, you may well enjoy, as is justly your right, that most agreeable of all emotions to a generous mjnd the sense of benefits conferred. Very respectfully, Your ob't scrv't, .GEO. DAVIS, Sec'y. Resulted, That the Wilmington Chamber of Commerce, hi"iily appreciating the friendly zeal and valuable services of Prof. Alexander D. Bac bc. in the cause of the commercial in terest's of Wilmington, hereby tender to that distinguished gentleman Us most cordial and grateful acknowledgments for all bis useful labor in that behalf; and especially for his able, lucid and interesting address before the citizens of Wil mington on last evening, on th subject, of the improvement of Cape Fear Bar. Resolved. That a copy of the above resolution, signed by the President and Secretary of the Chamber, be communica ted by the latter to Prof. Bache. Wilmington, N. C, April 8th, 1853. Dear Sin: I have received with much gratifica tion the very complimentary resolutions of the Cham ber of Commerce, communicated in your letter of yesterday. The urgent necessities of the commerce of Wil mingtoh, bearing as they do upon the commercial prosperity of tho whole country, and especially of the south, first induced me to turn somewhat aside from tho duties of my immediate profession to study the causes which were at work in diminishing the depth of water in the channels to your admirable harbor. If, in so doing, I have succeeded in fixing your attention on the facts of the case, the causes and the remedies, I am much more than repaid for any effort which 1 havo made. In my lecture, to which you so kindly allude, f but acted as the mouth-piece of the Commission which met last De cember on the. subject of this improvement, all the members of which take, I am sure, the same lively interest which I feel, in the execution of the plans thus laid ; sanguine that you may not only bo ena bled to retain your present facilities of access to port, but in time have those of former years restor ed to you. We desire to sec twenty feet of water a griin on your mnin entrance bar at high water, and believe that by an expenditure not disproportioned to the value of the result, such a depth can be re stored. What has been can be again. I beg leave to present lo the Chamber the maps of comparison, showing the present and former condi tion of the Capo Fear inlets, read in my lecture. For the very kind terms in which 3rou have com municated the resolutions of the Chamber of Com merce, accept my very best thanks. Very respectfully, yours, "A. D. BACIIE, Sup't. U. S. Coast Survey. Geo. Davis, Esq., Sec'y Wilmington Chamber of Commerce. "Wilmington ami Topsail Plank ltond Company. The annual meeting of the Stockholders of the Wilmington and Topsail Plank Road Company took place in the town of Wilmington on Monday the 11th of April, 1853. The meeting was organized by calling Manger London to the Chair, and by the appointment of J. J. Conoly and James G. Swann, Secretaries. On motion of Robert II. Cowan, Esq., the follow ing gentlemen were appointed by tho chair a com mittee to ascertain the amount of stock represented, to wit: Messrs. R. H. Cowan, A. II. VanBokkelen, and Dngald McMillan, who reported that 180 shares were represented in person, and 101 shares by proxy. Which being a majority of the capital stock of the Company, tiie meeting was duly organ ized. The report of the President on the condition of the affairs cf the Company was read and received. The committee appointed at a previous meeting of the stockholders, to report by-laws for the govern ment of the Company, made their report, which was adopted. The meeting then proceeded to the election of a President of the Company for the ensuing, year, whc.i Nicholas N. Nixon was unanimously re elected. The following gentlemen were elected Directo-s ! for the ensuing year, to wit : Edward Kidder, W. A. Wright, A. VI. VanBokkelen, R. II. Cowan, J. H. Flanner, David K. Futch. J. M. Foy. and John L. Meares. On motion of J. L. Meares. Resolved, That the salary of the President of this Compaq ny shall take effect from the organization of the Company. Which was unanimously agreed to. On motion of R. H. Cowan, Resolved, That the Directors of the Company nro hereby directed to cause the Jooks of subscription to be re-opened for the purpose of increasing the Capital tock of this Com pany, at such time as they in ay deem expedient, in accord ance with the provisions c-f the charter. Which was adopted. On motion, J. J. Conoly and Cornelius DuPre, were appointed a committee to examine the ac counts of the officers of the Company, and report at the next annual meeting. On motion of C. DnPre, it was Resolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be pub lished in the papers of the town, and that the reports and by laws be printed in pamphlet form, and a copy be sent to each Stockholder. The thanks of the meeting were tendered to the Chairman and Secretaries for the satisfactory man ner in which they discharged their duties. On motion of Robert 11. Cowan, it was Resolved, That the Chairman and Secretaries j'l'epare the proceedings of this meeting for publication. M. LONDON. Chm'n. J. J. COXOLEV. ) o . t e i ec S. Jas. G. Swann, J f. From the rUuilclpliia Bulletin. ' TUc Fading of the Crescet. i' h The intelligence from Europe forbodes disaster for Turkey. The concessions; nade to Austria by the Sultan, instead of propitiating the Northern pow crs, appear only, by revealing the weakness of the Porte, to have furnished pretexts for new ; aggres sions. The Russian embassy, it is said, talks n the most threatening manner. The ostensible subject of complaint is the Church of Jerusalem. But tho real one, all are agreed, is that Nicholas wants Con stantinople. " . , Meantime the London Time ?, always a shrewd di viner of British opinion, gives np the Ottoman em pire virtually to partition. All the thunderer" asks is that British trade in the Orient shall not be restricted. It must be confessed that these are ominous signs for the he r .of Mahomet. Never, since the Crescent rose in the heavens, has itseemed so much like fading. Many far-seeing statesmen helierfi. indepd. thnt its hnnr Jir nnme. 1 hev ar gue this, not less from the immense physical power of Russia, than from the religious aspect given to the dispute by Nicholas. They maintain that tue fail of Turkey is at hand, not only because a reli gious enthusiasm fires its Christian assailants, but because there exists no longer in the Ottoman armies any countervading enthusiasm foe Mahomedanism. Utterly decayed within, and overpowered without, the kingdom of Abd-uI-Mejid totters to its fall. . For a long series of years it has been . the policy of Russia to represent herself as the protectory all the various tribes professing the Greek religion. -She has taught them to. look up to her as their friend, and to her Emperor as the civil .patriarch of .1 C "tl. Tl. . 'T 1 ' K J 1., in Cnvnnn Ml illCir ldlllj. I IJU 1 UI KISII UUIUIllluiu ii iiuiupi.iv the especial seat of these intrigues. -Vast territo ries, politically subjejt to the Sultan, s cretly ren der a spiritual allegiance to the Czar, and frequent ly break out into rebellion against the Porte, thro' hoDes of Russian aid. if not in consequence of posi tive assurances of it. The number and violence of these insurrections is continually on the increase i Like the shivering fits that seize the patient in the last, stages of certain diseases, they recur more fre quently as the hour of dissolution approaches, until, under their convulsive throes, the eysteni is being racked to pieces, and Turkey succumbing to death. The Ottoman Empire in Europe would appear, in this view, to be rapidly tending to its close. It is worn out, disorganized, diseased in every limb. If, left alone, it would perish. Assailetl by a powerful foe, it will prove tooweak to resist, and die eyen be fore its time. This opinion gains the more strength when the changes, which tho late Sultan made in the organi zation of the empire, come to he taken i .to view. Formerly, the' Ottoman monarch was the feudal chief of scores of hereditary princes, each govern ing the free, brave tribes, which had obeyed his an cestors for generations. These maintained, in their distant territories, a semi-independence. But when ever the banner of the Crescent was unfurled at Constantinople, they gathered, with their followers, from all quarters of the empire, and rallying around the heir of Mahomet, secured to him an army of wild enthusiasts, such as few enemies could resist. From the confines of Nubia ; from the furthest shores of the Persian gulf ; from the hills of Kur distan and the plains of Arabia, these indomitable warriors crowded, at the blast of the Turkish trum pet, forming the finest body of irregular troops in the world ; and until 'within the last century, they were invincible. But partly from the decline of re ligious fervor among the Mahomcdan tribes, partly from the increasing power which a thorough disci pline gave to the Christian armies, the Turkish forces sunk, first to an equality with those of their enemies, and finally declined into a positive inferior-it)-. Mahmoud, the father of the present Sultan, thought to remedy this by remodelling the army and empire. Hence arose what is called, through out all the boundaries of the Ottoman empire, the Reform. The result of this change has been to break down all the old semi-independent principalities, and to transform them into mere departments, so to speak, entirely dependent on the Sultan. The old Pasha lics, instead of being governed by hereditary rulers, born among the tribes and acquainted with their wants, are now ruled by deputies, who are changed almost every year, in order to prevent their acquir ing influence with the people. Under the former system, the Pasha, though a tyrant in his own dis trict, was interested not t let any one else oppress his subjects. But, under the present system, there arc a dozen officials who plunder and oppress, with no one but the Sultan, a thousand. miles off, to be friend the victims. Under the old system there was a hearty loyalty to the heir of Mahomet, at least in supporting him in war against Christian nations. Under the present system there is nothing of this loyalty left, but the defence of the throne is commit ted to mercenary troops. The former armies of the Porte were the most magnificent irregular troops in the world. The present army is the worst of the disciplined armies of Europe. No doubt the Turkish empire was held less firm ly in hand, by the Sultan, under the old system ; for the semi-independent princes were continually re belling. No doubc the army was less efficient than when all other nations had only irregular troops al so. But it is thought, by those best calculated to judge of the subject, that the changes introduced by Mahmoud have not strengthened the State, especial ly as against foreign foes. Tho coho.-ive power of the Ottoman empire is gone. The enthusiasm that made its tribes, so diverse in peace, one in war. has departed. For ncrly it was a real thing, a substan tial fact, that great Mahometan freedom. Now it is a counterfeit, fair without, but within utterly strcngthless and deca3ed. If these ideas are correct, the Turkish empire can not last, and must, very soon, succumb to its own weakness. We incline to think that this is the true state of the case. The Sultan is doomed. Between the secret hatred of his Christian provinces, and the indifference and alienation of his Moslem ones; be tween the comparative inefficiency of his army as now organized, and the comparative superiority of the Russian forces ; between Wes'crn Europe grow ing daily more indifferent to his fate, and Eastern Europe more eager to compass his downfall, the heir of Mahomet has no choice but to yield up his fair capital, to cross into Asia, and to retire at last to to thedeserts from which he emerged. Even Abd-ul-Mejid may yet be the Boabdil of the Orient. The Precious the BaltiT There has been a very exa gerated idef oi.ius '- "J Mexico siftc. K-o j,e!i! IT If . We had an thentic stat nnnnssime in una vuuuirv aim ., esrtujiuu cnnutwi uocumAf- cCn. ! that the following table, prepared bv M care, exniuns ue iruo result of &!: "ftca from the year 1535 to the 1st Januar ?Jl Silver eoinage from 1535 to 1844, include , h i85: & Gold coinage from 1535 to 1844, inclusive $2,465... Copper coinage from 1811 to 1844, taehwfrV" 12W& General coinage from 1843 to MB.bothiiS;;; Total coinneo of Mexico in 314 vin " Or, avoiding fractions, nearly fS.oOO.Orfl'TVarif2,667. This sum, as underage annual yroiL- over so long a period does not appear to calculations that, have been made relatj 'ty iL talic production of Mexico. Still, in f etot,lfmt. wealth of the nation, we must ,L.Jl,rne!,s ton nearly forty years the country ha8 been 'lh't &e vexeu uy rei uiuuons ; ana UiHt, piior to, "''T nthrpjilc . neithpr thft nnnn " " r , r"t--"""ui nort in,? cbinery of Mexico was of such a charac sure the most copious returns from ihl a4tin- Some recent mining returns seem . "s- view. A official table of gold and silver ,l the eight mints of Mexice from 1st oft! ; c'"n b to the 1st January, 1845, show that u J?''1 6CT,40(T were issued in gold, and $13.i)C5.1&S ver; or 5,10,10.001 in an. At that date Y ' nfiT' that more energy was about to be infuaed"1 ing throughout the republic, and tLat ?to promised a corresponding yield. e eim. We are glad to say that this 'proDhw. 1 ' venueu, mm mm t is uKt'iy iMexiCO ttill tribute a largely increased supply 0f 8ilv t t0B" world's commerce and circulation. f in leu......,,, Vuw, .in umciai renortwa. , the Mexican Chambers bv whirl, U ... ..e t eighteen months, between'the 1st of Jam,. at'9 and the 30th June, 18-10, tliecoinaatalu?' 848 ican mints, exclusive of Hermoifin ' "eMx $1,351,410 in gold, and to $27,003989 l total, $28,355,405. - ' ,J8J ln lver. To this increased emission since 1844 tl, the " Cuadro Sineptico" of Mexico in mn . r,f that we should add 10,000,000 as hain.T,, country in the same eighteen months ; Vt? tlle This would raise the entire yield of thl .ullloa ring that time, to $3$,355,405:.bnt Mh' that much of the coinage was only a rcisni r !y money and that the whole the 10.000.000 L? ted in bullion was not freshly taken from tha during the same period, we think it quite Vne? thft true increase mav bp nlnfffl a k r,nAc asfnTstf000,000 I85: ilWtMd f These results are quite encouraging to all 'nn sred in Mexican mining. We hav li,n- 1 1. R . umt me vico vi me it iuuiic were lncxhanstiii. . that nothing was required to give MexicoVriui w stri. eon supremacy in the control of silver but an industr ous population that would not be content to fiv. bananas and revolution Increase of Shin Bulldinc !. mi Maine is the greatest ship building State in tie New Steam Boilkr. The reader will see on re ferring to our advertizing col umns, that a new and extraordinary improvement in Boilers is claimed, and the Rights advertised for sale. It is called the Irving Boiler. O" Archibald M. Campbell, and not Wm. Bow, as previ ously announced, has been appointed Post Master at Fay ette ville, N. C. Havana Lottery. The twenty thousand dollar prize in the Havana Lottery of the 31st ultimo, was drawn by a married lady in Mobile, and cashed im mediately upon receipt of the drawing. The ticket, No. 35,687, was sold - by T. Gueshard, Jr., Royal street, Mobile. The drawing can be seen at this office. .:-'. The liquor sellers in New York are7"to strike on the 1st of May for 12j cents a drink: s Mrs. Partington is visiting Pittsburg. Sha is stopping in the rhubarbs, of the city. Havana Lottery. The following are the princi pal drawn numbers in the drawing of the 31st of "Vi tire H No. 27255 $30,000, No. 35G87 $20,000. 29105 $12, 000, 3175S 0.000, No. 550. 16G89, 19607, 2S296, 39G97. each $2,000, Nos. 420. S30C, 10569, 16244, 17102,19455,23254, 29958, 38581, each $1000; Nos 9422, 9477, 17808, 17940.21093.23647. 31363. 31414, 33006, 34381, each $500. The 20,000 Prize drawn in Mobile by one per son. .Ticket sold by T. .Gucsnard, Jr. First Voyage around the World from the Umtep States. The first expedition around the world from the United States, was fitted out in Bos ton, in 1787, by Samuel Brown, Exq., and others, in the ship Columbia. Capt. John Kendrick. attended by the sloop Washington -a happy combination of names for such an undertaking. Medals were struck commemorata of the event and toperpetuive the discoveries they might make, and one or more of these medals were left at every new place visited. The medal had on it a full-ripped ship and a sloop, encircled with the words Columbia and Washing ton," on the reverse, " Fitted at Boston, North America, for the Pacific. Ocean,' by J. Barrell. S. Brown, C. Bulfinch, J. Cardy, C. Hatch, and M. Pintard, 17S7." Capt Kendrick made the circuit of the globe : go ing around Cape Horn, and running down the whole coast of America, he crossed over to China, and thence, ua Cape of Good Hope, returned to Boston. Portland Advertizer. Gen. Cushikg as a Linguist. A Washington cor respondent of the N. Y. Herald, ?ays that Gen. Cush ing is the only man in the Cabinet who can talk any thing besides English ; and relates the following, in proof of his proficiency in that respect : "At the diplomatic dinner given by M. de Bodisco on Wednesday, the-Attorney General charmed and surprised the distinguished party by his captivating and versatile accomplismertls. Like Lglot, he conversed in French, with M. Ie Comnte de Sarliges, in bpanish with Don Colleron de la Barca and in Dutch with Baron Testa, rpoke German with Baron VonjGevolt, Portugese with De Figaniere, and the mot unexceptionable Tuscan wkh iherepre?enta tive of the two Sicilies I I , Comparative Increase of Population of England nutl Hie United States. The U. S. Economist in an article on the "buyers and 8rllers of food," makes the following statement relative to the census of the United Kingdom, as compared with the United States, for three periods, as follows : England and Wales. Scotland Islands 1831 ...13.897.1S7 ... 2.365,111 ... 103,710 Total to Great Britain. lfi.3(,011 Ireland 7,767,401 1341 16.211.757 2,620.184 124,010 18,955,931 8,175,124 27,131.105 17,033,353 1831. 17,905.831 2,870,784 112,916 20.919,531 6,515,791 27,134.325 23,297,493 Total United Kingdom. 21,133,412 United Statos 12,866,020 iuistao.0 is traught with teartul suggestions for English destiny. Twenty years ago the popula tion of these States was one-half that of the United Kingdom ; it is now nearly ninety per cent., and in the last ten years the popu'ation of the United King dom has increased only 303,220, if the army, navy, &c, are included in both returns. The ajbrrcrate increase was as follows : Inhabitant. Etnigra'd To'l Increase. 1331 to 1811 2.997.692 752.314 3,750 007 1841tolS51 303,220 1,681,892 1,988,112 "If the births among 27,000,000 were no more than among 24,000.000, then there has been an ac celerated destruction of life equal to 1,800,000 souls; and this, notwithstanding the government borrowed 840,000,000 to aid in supporting the poor, and the considerable quantities that were contributed by oth er countries. The emigration has been from the mos. vigorous portion cf the people, and 1,100,000 were from Ireland ; consequently those who remain are in a greater proportionate degree decrepit, old, and sick, and as a whole, the mass is far less able to withstand another short harvest in the coming ten years.. Exclusive of Ireland, the population of Great Britain has increased two millions, and com pares with the white population of the United States thus : H- Whte3... 14,189,555 19,879,463 5,689,913 40 G- Britain 18,955,931 20,917,531 1,963,540 10 " Such has been the immense difference between the increase of those who produce food and those wba buy food." - The sugarhonsc cure of consumption is said to be a humbug, and many of the men who work in the sugarhou.se die of that disease. t Union; and perhaps no district of counlry in the world of equa! maritime frontier can vie with I,.,:. this particular. Ships are the great crop of the Stale. We have not the last annual returns at hand, hut not less than 100,000 tons of shipping were built in that State during the last year, or more than half 0f tht sea going tonnage added to our commercial marine during that period. This branch of business has in creased very rapidly within a few years throughout the State, as' well as all over the country. But we see that the prospect is that the business is to be pros, ecuted to a much greater extent . the cominj iwon than ever before. In a single town in WaldoW District (Rockland) 10,000 tons are to be built against 4.309 tons last year. The Belfast aiul other "more eastern Districts also propose lo largely extend iheir bu siness In Bath an unsually large number ol ships are on the stocks and projected. According to tht Bath Tribune about 17,000 tons, mostly larje ships, are underway. We cannot undertake to say to what extent out ship builders can safely go in the construction of ships, inougn it would seem as though there must be a passe shortly. 1 he husincss has been going on at a con stantly accelerated rate ever since 1847. The (a. mine of that year enhanced the price of freights arift zingly, and an immense stimulus was iherety piven to the shipping interest. The sudden springing up ol the California trade followea, and sustained themore' ment. More latterly, Australia has appeared and made yet another new demand for ships. I he con sequence has been that the increase of our mercantile marine during the last five years has been prodigions. From 1825 to 1835 the total increase was not over 110,000 tons per annum. From 1835 to 1845 it was not more than 120,000 tons a year, while from 1845 to 1852, inclusive, the annual increase has not been short of 250,000 tons, or more than double the annual increase of the preceding ten years. Such a remark able ratio of increase under ordinary circumstances would inevitably result in arumous p'ethora of ship nintr. But under the extraordinary demand of California and Australia, and what we think of more potency than either, the vast increase of our cotton crop and in the nrodnction of coal, the navigation interest has suffered no general reveise, but has been, for the most nart. productive and prosperous. But to all sncn galloping movements there must come an end, or at least a resting spell ; otherwise we shall soon have a shin fnr pwrv h:ili nf rnt.tnn and everV Um of COal W nmilnoo Rut oncMorlmr ttiA I1PW fifllls OPeiiei lOf our commerce in the Pacific seas, and the rapidly ni rrpasinrr nr n.lnrls r.f thP ronntrv for the COaslWlf carriage", it is difficult to fix the precise limits when w must stay our hand in ship building. VVe can only see that the lime must come sooner or later, twy thing, however, is tending to throw the commerce ol the world more and more into our hands, and Hie en; -r 1 i .J :.:i nnnn alion Will leipuse 01 our mercuaut auu uinuunt ,.y, t,;L i.nt.Mi- fr : ar,- mmrfpr of the earth, nn til thev shall find thev have reached the ultimate poim of peaceful connuest. Neio York Tribune. Rniicrh diamonds, for cutting, arc sold XI 13s. 4d. to 2 the carat A carat is rather more than three grains, a nd i carats eaual to one ounce trov. But if the 8 ' 1 . ... ... . f H.o weizflJ 1 lire iwjove one carat, me sijuiue ui tw r.,., t n v.i i, : c nn ii farm . for example, a rough stone of three carats 3x3x 2 or 18. It is similar with cut mam"'- . l Mo:n .1 t- V.tllinntS Oi nw . K-i v .1' no 1.. .:n:v,f f two Wrsr cur.ib iuiuu more in.vn juo, a ui !"'' v ; , .B 2x2x 8, or 32. When stones arc over eight or caiats, however, this is altered, so that ""J5 ugr. ten valued still more highly. Diamond of M. tcr of an ounce weight are extraordinary . , but still larger are met with, and one of e known is that of the rajah of Mattun, D tf)ilt which weighs nearly two ounces and ')a ' ; of the Sultan of Turkey weighs two ounce; the Russian sceptre more than an ounce an ter. The greatest diameter of the last 0D. y. the thickness ten lines. The Empress Catnjn purchased it in the year 1772, from Amstenw for it was paid 75,000 and an annuity''1 n ttt Diamonds weighing an ounce exist a tpcr French and Austrian regalia. One of f.iL- fit ...... . . w-v . tectis the trench, known as the ' Clor, .n Ea One . r. . .... . ir7 Vrnttl 11" mond. Jt was bought tor Louis A v ' QOOster glishman named Pitt, for the sum of S:- jwof lmg. but has been valued at halt a nm""- the stones most renowned in the hasr, 1 tt noor, or Queen r Mountain of Light, now in pops essjw of England. ' It came from Golconw 1 while uncut weighed more than but now, polished, only about two ounces It81 ued at more than 2,000,000 sterling. .fjn; If we look onlv to the common modeot f nJ the value, a perfect brilliant weighing ha tatcd would be worth 20,000.000. Some res that such a diamond exists among tneoyacordin5 w ot rortugai, as large as a nen tgj, , wiivio hi is 13 till iy i-uinm. . : " modesty 1C Mod est y. There is decidedly more ' blBj . . . . . m, t -. m pn.fl 1 .1 the male sex than in the temaie c 01 nersnnal to ttiA ladies, of course. Ol the oi nr tn Ka mot trJtll in Inrorrt mlnlberS in S .f, but a fraction owo their position to 8fc band fr nn nsA to cut semi-circles around ' -nat-j " .J a -nm;nen with vour tee- H tering, and your knees cracking like P,r tPlm f ers, and your whole frame exhibiting y -k the ague. Red lips were never made th,t uui iuoq ui uvt ''n win fflll'1' you might guess at its ."circumference, en means of tasting the one or ascertaining rgr sions of the other to a nicety, aro w,t,"nJ gure If you dread her as an angel, jou maAViat b, win laugn as you as a peyer won a fair lady."
Wilmington Journal [1844-1895] (Wilmington, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
April 15, 1853, edition 1
2
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