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THE WILMINGTON JOURNAL ENGELHARD & PRICE, Proprietor, To whom all Letters on Business must be addressed. TERMS OP ADVERTISING. .1 square .of 10 lines or less, for each and every inser tion, $!..,. Special Notices will be charged $2 00 per square for each and every insertion. All Obituaries and private publications of every charac tar, are charged as advertisements. A3No advertisement, reflecting upon private charac ter, can, under any cthcumstascks, bo admitted. Art. JO C-I VOL. 22. WILMINGTON, K C, THURSDAY MORNING, JUNE 7, 1866. NO. 18. Ml in it ii MM lil EI Term of Subscription. Weekly Paper, one year, invariably in advance,.. . .,$3 00 Do. Six months, " " " .2 00 Daily Paper, one year, invariably in advance, $10 00 nix months, " " ........o-fpo three months, ' " 3 00 " one month, " 1 00 From the New York News. MODES' BRIGADE CHARGE AT SEVEN PINES. I. Down by the valley, 'mid thunder and lightning, Down by the valley, 'mid jet tings of light, Down by the deep crimsoned valley of Richmond, The twentv-five hundred moved on the fight ; Onward, still onward, to the portals ot glory, To the sepalchered chambers, yet never dismayed ; Down by the deep crimsoned valley of Richmond, Marched the bold warriors of Bodes' brigade. n. See yc the fires and flashings still leaping, Hear ye the pelting and beating of storm, See ye the banners of proud Alabama In front of her columns movo steadily on ; Hear ye the music that gladdens each comrade As it floats through the air amid the torrent of sounds, Hear ye booming adown the red valley, Carter- unbuckles his swarthy old hounds. m. Twelfth Mississippi, I saw your brave columns Flush through the channels of living and dead ; Twelfth Alabama, why weep your old war horse, 1 Ic died as he wished, in the gear at your head ; hSeven Pines, ye will tell on the pages ot glory How the blood of the South ebbed away neath the shade : How the lads of Virginia fought in the red valley, And fell in the columns of Rodes' brigade. IV. Fathers and mothers, ye weep for your jewels, Sisters, ye weep for your brothers in vain, Maidens ye weep for your sunny-eyed lovers, Weep, for they never will come back again ! Weep ve, but know what a halo of glory Encircles each chamber of death newly made, And know ye that victory, the shrine of the mighty, Stands forth on the banners of Rodes' brigade. Daughters of Southland, come bring ye bright flowers, Weave ye a chaplet for the brow of the brave, Bring ye some emblem of freedom and victory, Bring ye some emblem of death and the grave. Bring ye some motto befitting a hero, Bring ye exotics that never will fade, Come to the deep crimsoned valley of Richmond, And crown the young chieftain who led his brigade. STATE NEWS. The trial of Major Gee is still progressing at Raleigh, X. C. We have ou our table a specimen of Marble from the ShuforJ quary, Catawba county, N. C. Tt is a fair specimen, and we think it fully equal, if not superior to any Northern Marble. It has line grain, works well, and we learn that the quary is very extensive. Messrs. Steele and Snuggs are now working the quary and are prepared to fill orders 50 per cent cheaper than Northern quaries. Salisbury Banner. A Marbyixg Neighborhood. A gentleman who i3 himself a candidate for matrimony, in this mark et, informs us that at the time of the surrender of Gen. Johnson's army, there were seventeen in consolable widows in the immediate vicinity of Clayton, fifteen miles east of Raleigh in the coun ty of Johnston. A recent census shows that six teen of the mournful have put off their weeds, donned bridal robes, and are safely moored to the anchors of their souls. The lone one is only wait ing for the dawn of the first of June to ditto her self. "Who will now assert Johnston county is not " union " to the core, and who maintain that Clay ton is not thoroughly reconstructed ? To our mind there is no splitting or divisions there the first of June will make them a unit. Hurrah, hurrah. Raleigh Progress. The cotton crop of Roanoke country, it is said, will this season reach 25,000 bags. The Charlotte Democrat relates this : It was .stated some time ago that a colored man in Cas well county had been warded a contract for car rying the mail. We Lave been informed that when lie was presented with the test oath, and told that he must take it before entering on the dis charge of his contract, he positively refused to take it, saying that he could not do so honestly he had been a friend to the Confederacy. The Radicals sometimes declare that the negroes are the only loyal people in the South, but the South ern people believe that, during the war, the col ored people were about as loyal to the Confeder acy as any class. Confederate Soldiers in Distress. Mr. Jas. Cheatham, of Caswell county, formerly of the 39th N. C. Infantry, called on us, yesterday, and htates that he is from Camp Scott, at Fort Winne bago, Wisconsin. He was there a prisoner of war for more than two years, having been captured at the battle of Chicamauga, and conveyed thither soon after. He left at Fort Winnebago, the fol lowing persons who formerly belonged to the Confederate army : Alexander Rudd, of Catawba county ; Ander son Ecter, Iredell county; Barber Saunders, Wilkesboro' ; Henry Cranor, do. ; Peter Moore, Taylorsville ; H. Mcintosh, do. ; James Garrison, Alamance county ; Henry Brown, Cabarrus coun ty ; Wm. B. Chatham, Caswell county ; H. C. Crawford, do. ; James Williamson, do. ; Rice Bailey, Person county ; H. C. Blacknall, KittrelTs Springs ; H. C. Morrison, Orange county ; Wm. Harrison, Wake county ; Dock Grimes, Anson county ; Rufus Johnson, Johnston county ; J. C. Newsom, Hertford county ; B. A. Newsom, B. C. Scott, Guilford county; W. W. Cobb, H. C. Bowen, Hertford county. At fhe great exodus of prisoners from Northern prisons, the above named were of the sick and wounded, and most of them are still unable to work or walk to their homes, several having but one leg. Thev are without means, and most of them are dependent upon the charity of the in habitants of i ort Y lenebago. We insert the list Mr. C. gave us, hoping that it will meet the eye of their friends, and that some thing will be done to relieve them. There were other there from several southern States in a destitute condition, but Mr. Cheatham only has a list of his acquaintances, most of whom are from this State. Mr. Cheatham has been a long while on the road, but has very recently seen a Captain Reynolds, just from Fort Winnebago, who informed him but few had left there since he came away. Newbem Commercial. The Late Hon. George E. Badger. The New York Watchman revives a letter of introduction to Judge Story, which was given on one occasion by Mr. Webster to Judge Badger. The letter was in the following brief and characteristic words : " Dear Sir: I present you my friend, Hon. Geo. E. Badger, of North Carolina, your equal, and the supe rior of Yours very respectfully, D. WEBSTER. University or North Carolina. The exerci ses of Commencement week will be opened, on Tuesday evening next, by declamation by the com petitors selected from the Freshman class. The valedictory sermon to the graduating class will be preached on Wednesday forenoon, by the Rev. Charles Phillips; and the declamation from the Sophomore class will take place at night. Gov. Vance will deliver the Annual Address be fore the two Societies on Thursday morning, and the Senior speeches, with the accompanying ob servances, will occupy the afternoon. The ball will come off on Thursday night. The Salisbury Old North State of 26th says : The trial of Jacob Blackwelder, before the Supe rior Court here, for the murder of bis wife, is in progress to-day. The testimony is not yet con cluded. The case was brought here, by change of venue, from Cabarrus county, where the alleged offence was committed. Wake County. At a Union meeting in WTake county last week, Willie D. Jones was recom mended for the Senate, and Messrs. Calvin J. Rodgers, R. K. Ferrell and G. H. Alford were re commended for the Commons. "Gov. Holden, or some other good loyal man," was recommended W a candidate for Goyernor. Parties in the Convention. The New York Herald's Raleigh correspondent thus writes of the strength of parties in our State Convention : It has been ascertained on a pretty close canvass that the strength of the Conveniion is divided as follows : There are fiftv-two nlfrra TTnirm mpn who will vote solid for Union measures; twenty-two otners wno will vote lor moderate Union meas ures; twenty-nine of rebel proclivities and senti ments. The Bureau in N. C Col. Wm. H. Wiegel, the United States 'army, formerly connected with the provost marshal's office, in Baltimore, has been detailed for duty in the bureau of refugees, freedmen and abandoned lands, and has been or dered to duty in charge of the Bureau in the State of North Carolina. A Generation Gone. Yesterday was the anni versary of the great fire of 1831, which laid the town in ashes, and inflicted a blow upon its pros perity from which it took long years to recover. Generous donations were made, at the time, for the relief of those who had suffered by the con flagration. The list of those who received assist ance comprised one hundred and forty-three names, some of them of men whose business char acter made the reputation of the town in their day. Of this number, but forty three are now living. In the space of thirty-five years, one hvn1reil of our leading citizens have passed away. the race of vore Who danced our infancy upon their knee. How are they blotted from the things that be ! How few, all weak and withered, of their race, Wait on the verge of bark eternity, Like stranded wrecks; the tide returning hoarse, To blot them from our sight : Time rolls his ceaseless course. Fay tier Me Presbyterian, May 30th. City Improvements. We are pleased to learn that it is the intention of the Messrs. Tucker to erect a large and handsome store on Fayetteville street, on the burnt square owned by them, with a spacious hall above for public entertainments, meetings, &c. The work of excavation is already commenced. This is a most desirable improve ment, and will prove, wo hope, a profitable invest ment to the projectors. Sentinel. Postoffice Re-opened. The postofliee at Queensdale, Robeson county, has been re-opened, and Mr. Peter McCallum has been appointed postmaster. Adjutant John Henry Leete, of the 1st Texas regiment C. S. A., died in Fayetteville from the effect of wounds received just as the Southern star sunk in the horizon of nations. The JVetcs pays a very flattering, and no doubt well merited tribute to his memory. We regret to learn that Mr. Foy, member of the Convention from Onslow, is detained from that body by severe indisposition. Orange County. The Hon. S. F. Phillips, Speaker of the last House of Commons, is an nounced as a candidate for the Senate in Orange county. Messrs. S. D. Unstead and W. W. Guess are candidates for the Commons. Gee Trial. We learn that the Military Com mission has adjourned for two weeks. We have not learned the reasons for this action. The de lay, and consequent expense, fall heavily upon the defence, and should be avoided, if possible. We shall continue to give instalments of the evidence, until we bring it up to the present time. Sentinel. Major John H. Gee. The following telegram was recently sent by Gov. Walker to Maj. Gee : Taixahassee, Fla., May 19, 1866. To John H. Gee, Prisoner, Jialeigh, JV. C. : I will send you, in draft on New York, by the mail of to morrow, twenty-three hundred dollars, raised to assist in your defense by the ladies. May the God of mercy and justice bless them and preserve you. D. 8. WALKER. Episcopal State Convention. The State Con vention of the Episcopal Church, diocese of North Carolina, convened in this city yesterday morn ing, when it was found that a quorum was not present, whereupon the Convention adjourned un til 4 o'clock, p, m. Morning prayer was read by Revs. Dr. Cheshire and Mr. Watson. The Communion service was said by Rev. Dr. Mason, assisted by Rector, Rev. C. M. Forbes. Revs. Dr. Cheshire and Mr. Watt on assisting in the administration of the elements. At 4 o'clock, p. m., the meeting having re-assembled, a quorum was found present, and the Convention was organized and proceeded to busi ness. The Bishop's address was read. A portion of it concerning the spiritual care of the colored popu lation was refered to a special committee. A simi lar disposition was made of another portion relative to the division of the diocese or the appointing of an Assistant Bishop. The next annual meeting was appointed to be held at St. James' Church, Wilmington, the time, the third Wednesday in May. Rev. Mr. Hilliard of Edenton, preached last night, and evening prayer will be said every even ing during the week, at a quarter to eight o'clock, seats free. Bishop Atkinson is on his way to Europe to re cruit his health, hence his absence from the Con vention. We were glad to see he was well enough yesterday to be present at the Convention at Bal niore, in which city he happened to to be. Newbern Commercial. NEWS SUMMARY. Convention of America Israelites. The first i session oi mo btjve.ui.ii nuuutu iaauvguh.iju I board of delegates of American Israelites com menced in JSew York on ttunaay. J.n tne ausence of the President of the convention, Judge Car dozi, the chair was taken by E. Josephi, Vice President, who, in a few well chosen remarks wel comed to the city the representatives of forty eight Jewish congregations in the United States. After the usual inaugural proceedings the execu tive committee presented their report the statis tics comprised in which principally set forth that a sum of $15,000 had been subscribed by the Is raelites of America for the succor of their chole ra stricken coreligionists in Palestine. The British authorities in Calcutta have just completed a census of the city. The whole popu lation, including the suburbs, is one million souls. A young girl in Minneapolis, Minnesota, aged fourteen years, by the name of Hannah Townsend, died a few days since f-om eating wild flowers which she had picked on the wayside. Death of Rev. Dr. Pise. The Rev. Dr. Char les Constantino Pise, of Brooklyn, died in that city on Saturday. He was one of the most learn ed and eloquent divines of the Catholic Church in America. He was born in Annapolis, Md., in 1802, and was therefore sixty -four years of age at the time of his death. Tebbtble Tornado. A terrible tornado swept over Hinesdale, Pa., on Sanday evening. The great bridge spanning the Leckawanne &t Sixth street, was lifted bodily from its foundations and fell into the river a mass of ruins. A number of barns, out-houses, etc., were demolished. Trees and sticks of timber filled the air, flying like shin gles. The course of the tornado was West to East, thence South, and finally towards the North-East. No lives were lost. Large Clearance. The ship Hudson, Captain Potter, for Liverpool, was cleared at the Custom House yesterday by Messrs. Willis & Chisholm, with the largest cargo sent from this port during the year, amounting to 113 bales Sea Island, and 3,865 bales Upland cotton. Charleston Courier. Mr. Pollard, of the Richmond Examiner, has bought the Republic office, in consideration of which he has been given the publication of the Laws of the United States, and the letter list of Richmond. THE CENTRAL DIRECTORY. A Texan's Testimony. COLONEL FORSHET BEFORE THE COMMITTEE ON RE CONSTRUCTION. On the application of the- Hon. Reverdy John son, of Maryland, Colonel Forshey, of Texas, was summoned to appear before the Committee to tes tify to the condition and disposition of the "States lately in rebellion." SWORN BY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE COMMITTEE. Q. Of what State are you resident, and how long ? A, I have resided twelve years in Texas. Q. From what State did you emigrate to Texas? A. I claim to be a Virginian, though chiefly reared in Ohio, whither my father removed from Virginia in my childhood ; I received my collegiate educa tion at Kenyon College, Ohio, my military and scientific elements at West Point; my life of man hood has been passed in Louisiana and Texas. Q. Have you been in the rebel service, and in what way ? A. I have served during the war was Lieutenant Colonel of Engineers, chiefly engaged in the defences west of the Mississippi. Q. What knowledge have yon of the conditidh and disposition of the people of the States lately in rebellion against the United States? A. I think I have pretty good knowledge as to the three Southwestern States, in which my acquaintance is very extensive, and, perhaps may assume to have a fair degree of knowledge as to the other Con federate States; at least I have made the matter a continual subject of inquiry and observation, and without knowing the kind of information desired, will answer when I can. Q. What is the state of public order and obedi ence to the United States authorities in Texas, and the other States of which you have knowledge ? A. Good order and obedience are universal hi Texas and elsewhere, as I believe. It has never been otherwise in Texas, except, possibly, on the Rio Grande frontier, there may be occasional excep tions among the turbulent characters that have no special habitation either side of the border. Q. Please state whether that good order" you describe is due to the presence and authority of the United State troops, and whether upon their removal, there would not be disorder and disloy alty? A. It is certainly in no degree due to the presence of troops. In fact, any exceptions to the remark may be imputed to the irritating fact that soldiers are about. Their removal would be every where a public blessing, unless needed on the frontier to guard against Indians or Mexican rob bers. Q. Why do you say ' ' irritating ; " are they not well behaved? A. Generally they are, but their presence is understood as an enblem of our sub mission. Every bayonet is a symbol our sub jugation, and is viewed as an evidence that our surrender is not received in good faith. We need no watching, and naturally dislike the guards that that watch us. Q. Would loyal men be safe among you with out Federal protection? A. All men were safe be fore there was any Federal authority amongst us. After the surrender we were months without offi cers or law. A military order vacated or annulled all official functions, and deprived us of every species of legal restraint, and for months furnish ed no substitute for the authority it suppressed. Troops have not at any time reached our interior generally, and yet, throughout the vast area of Texas, just replenished by the return of fifty thousand disbanded soldiers, there was as much good order, and as much respect for rights and morals, as in any .Northern btate, or elsewhere. 1 regard it as a great test of our civilization ; I wish the fact to be put on record in our favor. The same was true, I believe, in most of the Southern States. Not a single resistance so Federal author ity has taken place to the present day; and when it is considered that nearly half a million ol men have just returned from a conflict of four years, in which they fought for national lifeand honor, we think they should claim a respect that should remove sentinels, and disband the armies, white and black, that watch us. Q. Is it generally believed that the troops are kept to humiliate the people ? A. Perhaps that would be too strongly to express it. Ihey feel that it is calculated to humiliate, and that those who order it are reckless of this fact. We be lieve it to be obvious to all, both North and South, that negro troops placed to guard their late mas ters, is viewed with repugnance and proper indig nation by every man, woman and child of true spirit in the South ; and some of the military treatment of I lie Sout h is accepted by them as intended to degrade them. Q. Have negro troops been generally sent as garrisons in Texas ? A. Fortunately they have not. On the frontier they have been sent in great numbers, but we have very little population there and do not feel it. At Galveston they have had them, but only passing to and from other service. I fear the results would have been serious had they been generally sent through Texas. There are some things our returned soldiers would not bear, and I believe that is one. The question as to the safety of loyal men I have not fully an swered. From the time of surrender there were agents and drummers, and cotton-buyers from the Northern States all over Texas ; and at this time they and other emigrants and travelers from the loyal States, so-called, probably number thou sands in Texas. In no case have they been inter rupted, so far as I know. If there have been ex ceptions, they were doubtless the result of impru dent meddling or censorious language. This will provoke individual retort and chastisement any where in Texas. Those who mind their own business will be unmolested. It is one of our habits to mind our own business, and to expect and require it of others. We are glad to receive men who bring capital to help us revive our shat tered fortunes, and do not care whence they come. I believe these remarks hold good for all the late Confederate States. Q. Do your people view the Freedmen's Bureau as a valuable and needful institution, and profita ble in the re-establishment of negro labor ? A. They do not. According to my own observation and the testimony of acquaintances, with whom I have just compared views, from five distant por tions of our great State, the influence of the Freed men's Bureau is universally pernicious, and the institution is viewed by the people, almost unani mously, a nuisance. This remark applies, too, according to my information, to the other States. Q. Why so ? A. For various causes ; the Bu reau is administered, as far as I can learn, by per sons having no knowledge of our people or of the negroes ; they are nearly all imported from a dis tance and are antagonistic in feeling to the peo ple, and self-sufficient as to their duties, and the despotic power seems to have turned their heads ; even when well disposed and conscientious, they are so profoundly ignorant of the subject they have to deal with, as to blunder continually, and excite ridicule ; in Texas we have been'unfortu nate in the chief of the Bureau, who was a fanati cal, and exceedingly self-sufficient man ; he be gan by preaching to the negroes, and offending society by his social treatment of them ; we don't need missionaries to teach us social relations or a labor system ; aud he offended us by his arrogance and turned the heads of the poor ignorant ne groes. ... Q. Could you manage the institution better yourselves ? Would your people deal fairly and humanely by the negroes ? A. The institution is offensive in itself, and a nuisance in practice. If left to ourselves we would reject it, as the only management it deserves. We would probably pass but few laws relating to the late slave, that would not apply to whites ; and as to fair treatment, the best and only real friend the negro has on earth, is his old master. This the poor deluded crea tures are fast discovering, and many thousands are returning to their former homes, tired of the freedom thrust upon them, which they never sought. Q. How would you hotter the matter ? Would the people return the negro to slavery ? A. There is no such intent or disposition anywhere to re enslave the negro. Tkeyregard that as eatirely a settled question, and impossible if they desired it. It would be presumption on my part to submit a plan extemporaneously upon which our people would work. I can give you the views only of a private citizen, who has never been in, or aspired to, political position. I would suggest, (and be lieve it would find favor with our people,) such legislation as should compel all men to comply with their contracts for services, in kind, a least for one year, under penalty of working on public works without wages. All men nearly would bar gain with- and treat them justly, and most men even kindly. The reported antagonism which fills Northern radical papers is not merely exagge rated. It is manufactured out of the whole cloth it is false. No such antagonism exists ; and col lisions have occurred only, within my knowledge, where negroes have been stimulated to impudence and hostility by opinions of soldiers or agents of the Freedmen's Bureau. This will never be tolerated. Q. Have the freedmen gone to work in Texas ; and onWhat terms? A. I am informed that they have generally, since the first of January. Up to that time they had a vague expectation of something more than a freedom that had deprived them of their homes. Finding that nothing but work would get bread, they have hired, generally, at good wages : Men at &8 to $15, and women at $5 to 812 per month, they clothing themselves. Some planters have hired by giving a share of the crop, one-fourth to one-third. Q. Is there a disposition to educate and chris tianize them ? A. We would first endeavor to find bread and clothes for them. I think no one would oppose their getting an education for them selves, like other poor people. It would doubt less be well if they could read the Bible, which has hitherto been taught them gratuitously. It will be well if the negro can maintain the moral and religious teachings he has enjoyed. I hav& no hope ol it myself ; as he will have to keep him self, and has neither disposition or capacity to ameliorate the condition of his race. He has no history, no tradition, nothing without or within, to stimulate pride ; no aspiration above the ser vice of the master race. Heretofore his master has furnished him religious instruction, to the ex tent that one single denomination, the Methodist Church, South, reports a membership of hundreds of thousands. This is at an end now. They will have to pay for their own religious teachings like other free people. Q. Have they capacity to learn ? A. To some extent they have. The little children learn rapid ly to read and write, but their capacity is limited, I think. They are imitative but without ambi tion. They will learn,. -but cannot apply their learning. Q. Has not this been caused by their long de gradation in slavery ? Will they not now have sufficient stimulus to produce a different result ? A. We believe not In fact, we view the whole matter from a stand-point so different from that of Northern men, that there is little room for de bate. Q. Will you state whether you are not a be liever in slavery, and whether most Southern men share your opinion ? A. Emphatically so. I be lieve that so far from the black man's degradation by slavery, he was exalted by it, and that to the best condition he has ever enjoyed, and to the best of which, as a race, he is capable. For some thousand years he has been in constant contact with white civilization and has ever aspired to serve the master race. He seeks the menial em ployments, wherever he is found. Even in North ern States, after half a century of freedom, I find him no where teaching your schools, filling your pulpits or legislative halls ; but blacking your boots and cleaning your stables and ditches. By appropriating him to this department and to man ual industry, taking his service, paying him by thinking and providing for him, we believe we serve God and the cause of humanity. And, as the questions have led to this point, please to indulge me in reciting some of the evi dences that my researches have furnished, that the negro has seen his best condition and will never flourish again. Q. Certainly. Proceed. A. Our census takers furnish industrial and vital statistics from which there is no appeal. They show three points that I will strte from memory. 1. The free blacks in the Northern States, in spite of the continual supplies from the South, decreased in the last decennial period, nearly eight per cent, in numbers. 2. The free blacks of the Southern States in creased about as much, making a difference of sixteen per cent. , while 3. The slave black by his side increased twenty-four per cent, in numbers. Taking, then, the axiom of political science, that the reproductiveness of a people is the most unfailing evidence of their social condition, the slave black has been in a better condition than any other people, white or black, on this continent. It is to this conclusion that you may impute our te nacity in defending the system. Our experience had taught us how to consult the best interest of both races, and we found them in precise harmo ny ; believed the blacks were designed by Provi dence as a supplement to the white race, and that to this institution, in part, we owed the higher civilization we claimed. Q. Please define what you mean by " higher civilization ?" A. The pride of character, the chivalrous tone and the liberality and hospitality of our people ; the broad views and great genius of our public men ; the delicacy, modesty, refine ment, and yet the lofty spirit of our women. We had a society without gossip, envy or fanaticism ; a population of millions without beggars or pau pers. Whether this was higher civilization, is matter of opinion. Certainly it had a different type, and one which would not longer harmonize with yours ; and hence the necessity, as we be lieved, of separation. Q. Then you were a secessionist originally ? A. No, I was a revolutionist, and this merged, in my view, all minor questions of State right to se cede. The right of a people to change their rulers and their form of government was ques tionable only with tyrants, and as such I was ready to resist, from the date of Mr. Lincoln's election. Q. Was this the general view of Texans, or were there many who opposed it ? A. There were many who voted against seces sion, but a large majority for it. I do not re member the difference. But after the vote was taken and the result declared, the people were nearly a unit in support of the measure. Q. There were then not many loyal men in Texas ? A. They were almost unanimously loyal that is, to their government. A few men of in fluence and character left the State under the in fluence of the President's proclamation, giving forty days for departure ; and a few men who had wielded influence remained, utterly without influ ence, but opposed, as was understood, to the Government. Q. Were such persons safe ? A. Not entirely so. An expression of their op position would have endangered the best of them. They received such epithets as Southern sympa thizers in your Northern States, but were not so generally punished. Some were arrested. Q. Were many put to death ? A. None that I know of. It was stated that, on the frontier, some were hung. I was not in ser vice in that quarter, and such obituaries were not likely to be published. Q. Are they safe how in returning ? A. Many have returned, and I believe all are unmolested. Generally they are not much respected. Some are now in the Convention. One is Governor. Q. What portion of the Convention are known as Unionists? A. I am not informed.. I have seen a statement that eleven are what we term Radicals. Q. What will your Convention probably do ? I believe they will acquiesce in all that has been prescribed to States re-organizing, viz : the aboli tion of slavery by the Government of the United States ; the surrender q secession j the repudia tion of the Confederate debt, and the recognition of civil rights in the late slave. Q. Will the people of Texas probably prepare for the enfranchisement of the negro, or such of them as may meet certain qualifications of prop erty and intelligence ? A. Never, as I believe. They hold to a distinction of race that they have a repugnance to compromise. They do not be lieve in the capacity of the negro for republican citizenship, and if they did, will not consent to affiliate with him. In this they are probably as stubborn as the people of the North, who, like them, feel the repugnance of a race that God has planted in our instincts. Q. You stated in a former part of your testimo ny that the census tables exhibit a great disparity in tho reproductive power of the negro freedom and slavery. Please state to the committee how you account for the difference ? A. The differ ence between the free blacks, North and South, is chiefly due to climate, I believe ; the tropics being ii. i: e ii t i tiie uauve cuuie ui uie negro, um ic may oe par tially due to the readiness with which all destitu tion is relieved at the South. As before, we have no poorhouses and no beggars. The difference between the free and slave blacks is chiefly d ue to two special causes. The care we take of infants, and the protection of the marriage relation in slavery. The discipline and police of the planta tion enforces faithfulness in husband and wife, and secures, as a consequence, the prolificacy of families. There is little continence in the race, free or slave, and no pride of chastity. This is recognized almost universally, by those who know them well by close observation. Negro mothers are proverbially reckless of, and cruel to, their off spring. Blacks, whether infant or adult, have little of the vital force to resist disease that whites have. When they get sick, unless well cared for, they die. The owner's interest in his slave (and possibly a little sense of duty and humanity) prompts him to take care of every life. Nurseries are established on plantations, supervised by the doctor and the mistress, that save the lives of in fants. The mother only comes to nurse her child, and is too happy to be rid of further care. She has little of the affection for her young that char acterizes white mothers, or many of the lower an imals. Her devotion to the children of her mis tress is often far greater than to her own. These facts will explain why the negroes lately emanci pated are dying so fearfully. They have to thank the emancipator for taking the life of one of every four, in this brief time ; and the process will con tinue, in spite of Faneuil and Exeter Halls, Civil Rights bills and Freedman's Bureau. Even the luxury of voting would not save the race from the doom of freedom and death. Q. Has the mortality been so great as represent ed ? A. I believe it has never been exaggerated. I have seen it estimated at one-Iourth the whole number, and do not think it too great a figure. Had slavery given as many stripes, all Christen dom would have been liomned. Lmancipation, black with its million graves, gets only preons of praise the world over. Time and history will, we believe, change the song, despite the hurried re cords and willing testimony of the Lossings, the Abbotts, and the Brancrofts. Q. Is the good order you represent in the South ern States the result of total abandonment of the struggle, or is it from the temporary necessity of quiet ? Would the struggle be willingly resumed? A. Permit me to explain in reply to these queries. There is no intention anywhere to renew the con test When we surrendered and were paroled, we did so in good faith, and will keep our parole as long as the conditions are fulfilled. To doubt this, is to mistake entirely the Southern character. When they surrendered they gave it up ; and any doubt of their good faith is offensive, so much so that, personally, they will resent it. They sur rendered as men, as your equals upon honorable terms, and will keep faith to the letter, and fight those that doubt it. Q. What did they give up ? A. Their arms and the question at stake. Q. What were those questions, as you under stood them ? A. The right to a separate nation ality and independence, on our part. A central government, State rights, and the destruction of slavery, on the part of the United States. Q. You speak of the terms of submission. What terms do you mean ? A. Those stipulated in actual surrender, of protection in person and property, so long as we should obey the laws ; and tnose submitted by the President of the United States in his proclamations, and plan of reorgani zation. Thus far we have endeavored to comply with all requirements, reasonable and oppressive, and held our peace, lest complaints might be mis construed into disloyalty, as they have been else where. Q. Is the present feeling the same as heretofore? A. I think not. The return of good feeling has been greatly repressed, I think, by the rejection of members from States already reorganized. There seems to be a suspicion of bad faith, and a fear that they have been decoyed into the steps they have taken ; and much apprehension. And should this be continued after tho Texas Repre sentatives go there, there will be, I fear, a great revulsion of feeling. Q. What will they do in that case ? A. I cannot answer. They cannot resort to arms, because they have surrendered them. They are tired of war, and utterly broken in fortunes. But they are not without the spirit that feels in dignation at broken faith and continued oppres sion. Q. In case of a war with anv other power how would your people act ? A. 1 cannot answer directly. Should they not be admitted into the Union, as expected, they certainly would not feel called upon to resist the enemy. If admitted, they want peace above all things, and would not unite in an aggressive war upon Mexico, Canada, Cuba, or any other nation. In case of invasion sweeping over them, they would resist and do their whole duty, as they have heretofore done in two wars. But they desire peace above all things, and take very little interest in pohtics. They have gone to work to mend their fortunes, and are determined to prosper, whatever the political condition of the country. They believe that the Northern States have pos session of the government, and are determined at all hazards to keep it. They therefore look to the support of their families, and are indifferent about general politics. So long as they can make a living, in spite of the tax-collector, they may be quiet But if the State should be rejected, as the others have been, I should rather have any other office than tax-gatherer. Taxation without repre sentation is tyranny, and they will so regard it in my judgment. Q. Do they expect admission at once to repre sentation, and will they elect loyal men to Con gress i A. If by loyal men you mean such as could take the test-oath or iron-clad as they term it, they would not generally. We have not respectable material for that purpose, if so disposed. One or two men, such as Judge Hancock and Judge Evans, who have been spoken of for the Senate, and who have preserved their integrity and re spect for their people, though disagreeing with them in the matter of secession, might be elected as a compromise ; but they understand an election as giving them a choice, and they could not choose the men they have been fighting, and who have aided in their subjugation. Certainly they expect admission on reorganization, as a part of the bond, but will not be greatly disappointed at a rejection, common to the other States. Ii they are re -admitted, they will deem it but in accord ance with the plan they accepted in good f ath. If not, there are many who will 6ay, " that is just what we said before ; we are out of the Union ;' and many would be very glad of the result, if it could be done with peace 7 perhaps three-fourths of the State. But they all desire peace above all things, and will do-nothing to provoke farther trouble. This they have amply proved by sub mitting to much unreasonable exaction as they thjrifrt The best, and, I thiafc the only method of staying the ebb tide of good feeling would be at t nce to withdraw all troops from among the people of the South, except at tbe coast and frontier gar risons ; to disband the entire negro force; to abolish every vestige of the Freedmen's Bureau, and to admit the representatives of the revolu tionary States upon the single condition of their taking the oath required by the Constitution. Time will doubtless, in this case, assuage feelings that have been too intensely enlisted to subdue at once. An Ex-Officer's Testimony. An ex-officer of the United States navy, large ly engaged in cotton planting in Georgia and in the cultivation of rie, has written a letter to a Northern paper, from which the following is ex tracted : " When I decided to como here several of my friends asked me if I was not afraid to trust my self out here among these malignant and unre pentant rebels. As I had not feared them during the war, I did not see why I should now that the war is over. Since I havo been here I have met many people who were in the rebel army, and I have yet got to see the first man who has said anything that any Union man need take exceptions to. Both of my partners were in the rebel army one a captain and the other a major and we talk over the events of the war as coolly as if they had hap pened in Franco or Germany. I feel as safe here as I would in New England. My revolver is locked up in my trunk, and I expect it will remain there. Savannah is as busy a place as you can find in Yankee land. The general feeling of the South seems to be that they have had a sufficiency of fighting and of politics, and they are now going for hard work and money. Every one that I havo conversed with seems desirous to havo Northern men and enterpriso and capital como down hero and restore the prosperity of the South. I havo seen no ill-feeling towards tho Yankee." A traveler stopped at an inn to breakfast, and having drank a cup of what was given to him, the servant asked : "What will you take, sir, tea or coffee?" "That depends upon circumstances," was the reply. "If what you gavo mo last was tea, I want coffee ; if it was coffee, I want tea. I want a change. " They are to have a city railroad in Charleston. It will bo commenced October 1st, and finished by January 1st, 18G7. Savannah also, is to havo one. Virginia Military Institute, LEXINGTON, YA. THE BOARD OP VISITORS will meet at tho Virginia Military iDHtitute on tbo 27th of Juno to make ap- S ointments of Cadets. Applications for State and Pay Ca, et appointments will be made to the undersigned, accom panied with tho usual testimonials of good moral charac ter. Candidates for appointment must bo exempt from bodi ly disease, of ages between 16 and 25 years, and, in tho case of Ktate Cadet applicants, must satisfy tho Board of their inability to moet the expenses of tho Institution. Candidates for admission must bo able to read und write well, and to perform with facility and accuracy th- various operations of the lour ground rules of arithiiio.'io, of re duction, of simple and compound proportion, and of vul gar and decimal fractions. State Cadets (one for each Senatorial District) will bo supplied with board and tuition without charge. Every arrangement has been made by the Board or Vis itors to maintain tho high scientific character of the Insti tute, and to put in full operation its well tried and dis tinctive system of discipline and instruction. The graduating exercises of the institution will tike place at the Institute on the 4th of July. The examina tions will commence on tLo 27th of June, and bo contin ued daily until completed. The public aro respectfully invited to all of these exercises. For all further information, application will bo mado to the Superintendent. FRANCIS IT. RMITII, Superintendent. May 2i If. wit. ftorth Carolina Agricultural House AND HARDWARE STORE. MITCHELL, ALLEN & CO.. i POLLOCK STPEET, NEYVBERW WATER STKEKT, VIL.MlJTO.V. T. J. MITCHELL. GEO. ALLEN. D. T. CARRAWAY. May 10. 11-tf SHACKELFORD, HAAS & CO., COMMISSION MERCHANTS, No. 1.19 Front St., JKew Yorlt, No. 33 V liter Str t, Wilmington, IS". C. BUY AND SUM, OX COMMISSION, NAVAL STORES, COTTON, LUMBER, COTTON YARNS, iVC. Constantly on hand, in Wilmington, and for sal" at wholesale, a largo assortment of FAMILY GROCERIES. Solo Agents in North Carolina for the Sale of WIITTEMORE'S COTTON CARDS. Refer to Messrs. J. Stincr tt Co., 40 Yesey St., Messrs. Moses & Schiffer, 32 Broad St. Feb 8 w-l-tf S. D. WALLACE. J. B. HOUTHEBLAND. WALLACE & SOUTIIERLWD, &ENERAL COMMISSION MERCHANTS, OFFICE NO. 24 NORTH WATER STREET, (Wharves and Warehouses foot of Walnut St.,) WILUINGTOX, N. C. jjfS" Will give prompt personal attention to all consign ments of Naval Stores, Cotton, Spririts Turpentine, Rouin, Tar, Provisions, &c, &c, cither tor sale or shipment. Also, to forwarding Merchandize, &c. Feb 8 w-l-tf BENNETT, VAN PELT & CO., 33 WHITEHALL STREET. NEW YORK. SHIPMENTS OF COTTON, NAVAL STORES, PRO visions, Ac., will be forwarded to us by McHur.4. Wal lace & Southerland, of Wilmington, who will pay revenue tax and other charges. All goods covered by insurance, with or without advices. Feb. 15 2-tf ALEXANDER SPRINT, COMMISSION MERCHANT, Wilmington, N. C. April 19. 12-6111 S. T.-1SG0--X. PERSONS OF 8EDENTARY HABITS TROUBLE I) with weakness, lassitude, palpitation of the heart, lack of appetite, distress after eating, topid liver, count i- Eation, Azc., deserve to suffer if they will not try the ct 1 -rated PLANTATION BITTERS, which are now recommended by the highest medical au thorities and warranted to produce an immediate bene -ticial effect. They are exceedingly agreeable, perfectly pure, and must supercede all other tonics where a healthy, gentle stimulant is required. They purify, strengthen ana invigorate.. Thev create a healthy appetite. They are &n antidote to change of water and diet. They overcome effects of dissipation and late hours. They strengthen the system and enliven the mind. . They prevent miasmatic and intermittent fever. They purify the breath and acidity of the etomack. They cure Dyspepsia and Constipation. They cure Diarrhoea and Cholera Morbus. They cure Liver Complaint and Nervous Headacne. They make the weak strong, the languid brilliant, and are exhausted nature's great restorer. They are compos ed of the celebrated Cahsaya bark, wintergren, sassafras, roots and heibs, all preserved in perfectly pure St. Croix rum. For particulars see circulars and testimonial around e&Beware of impostors. Examine every hot tie. See t'lat it has an unn.atiltted metal cap over the ton of each bot tle, and green label for exportation, around each nec. See descriptive circular around eh & co New York. April 19 ?l:ly Furniture at Reduced Prices. By RECENT ARRIVALS, we have received a new cr.d complete Stock of Cabinet Furniture, consisting n part S3f tb? latest btyles of MAHOGANY, WALNUT and OAK FURNITURE. From my long experience in the bad ness I am confident I can offer unsurpassed indutcmci.ti Prices- D. A. SMITH, 1R and 28 South Front street. jjay 24 26 411(1 2Q2-UU27Ma-17.3t
Wilmington Journal [1844-1895] (Wilmington, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
June 7, 1866, edition 1
1
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