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THE WILMINGTON JOURNAL. WILMINGTON, N. C, JUSP 23, 1866. Cruelty to Prlfoners- Upon the principle that success is virtue and defeat crime, the terrible cruelties and barbarities practiced upon the Confederate prisoners by the officers in cnargo ol tno prison depots at tne North, have either been passed over -without notice, or received the approval of the people. Hardships made necessary by the straitened circumstances of our Government, has already cost one officer of the Confederate army his life, and has subjected another to many months imprisonment, and a lengthy and severe prosecution ; while outrages, unnecessary and murderously cruel, were practiced upon Confederate prisoners, and will be remem bered only by the victims upon whose memories their sufferings are charred, and their friends, who have heard the tale of their trials. "We have always felt that neither President Lin coln or General Grant were responsible for the conduct of the unworthy subordi dates, who showed their r)atriotism by cruelty to imprisoned Confed crates, rather than bv manfullv meeting their armed comrades upon the battle field. We were fully aware that these gentlemen had their hands full in subduing a revolution, which, for four years convulsed the republic and threatened its perma nent division. So great were the labors of the President in the Cabinet, and of the commanding General on the field, that it was impossible for them in every instance to attend to the details by which subordinates performed their duties. The resources of the country, as vast as they were, were most severely taxed, by the very great de mands upon them, and we very readily grant the probability that many of the hardships suffered by our prisoners, were unavoidable or rendered necessary by incompetent rather than by wilfully cruel officials. The people of the North, however, can form no adequate conception of the real condition and the straitened circumstances of the Confederate Govern ment, especially during the last two years of the war. A new government, without a treasury and without a bureau organization, that had always depended upon the North or foreign countries for most of the necessities of life, found itself engaged in a war of vast magnitude, which, by reason of a blockade must be carried on by means of its own resources. Could they fully realize how great our necessities were, for they are obliged to acknow ledge how much we accomplished, no one could bo found at the North, we believe, however great his prejudice against the " rebels," and his hatred of " treason " may bo, who would bo, disposed to censure President Davis or General Leo for any neglect of subordinates by which Federal prison ers may have unnecessarily suffered. The labors of the one in the Executive Chair, nnd of the other in the lield, have astonished the whole civilized world with the magnitude of the work accomplished, when compared with their strength and means. Those who are disposed to censure President Davis or General Leo for the neglect of prisoners during the crisis of the struggle, could learn much by a study of the terriblo revelations of Dr. Craven, of the indignities offered to and the sufferings en dured by, ex-President Davis, after the suppres sion of the revolution and in the hour of triumph, almost within sight of the National Capital. lie reveals conduct towards tho foremost man of the South their representative head, by officials of rank, under orders from the Secretary of War, that will bring discredit upon tho good name of tho country and is a disgrace to tho ago in which we " live. It seems, fiom the Washington correspondent of tho Commercial Advertiser, that tho statement of Dr. Craven in reference to tho ironing of the juisoner has created much excitement in Wash ington City, and that the order for this act, as barbarous as it was unnecessary, did not emanate from the President or General Grant. This cor respondent says : 44 Dr. Craven's statement of the ironing of Jeff. Davis, at Fortress Monroe, is published here to-day, and has ex cited much comment. It is well known that it was not done by order of the President, or of the Cabinet or of uenerai urant ; but that the responsibility rests on .Edwin M. Stanton, who sent lus right hand man, General Lafay ette C. Baker, down the Potomac on a special steamer, with written authority to have the manacles applied." It thus appears that this cowardly outrage was inflicted upon Mr. Davis, if not without the knowl edge of the President and General Grant, certain ly without their interference to prevent it. No one fieemed to care how much cruelty was inflict ed and tho torturer gloated over the sufferings of tho prisoner in cruel satisfaction. This, too, after the country had passed triumphantly through the terrible ordeal to which it was subjected and upon a prisoner on whom the eyes of the world were turned. Wo must believe that had the eminent and humane statesman who now presides over this country or the gallant officer who commands its armies, known or thought of these heartless cruel ties to their distinguished captive, they would immediately have ordered their discontinuance. If amid the rwans of victorv the anneals of the Buffering were unheard, possibly some excuse X A might be oflered for a similar neglect amid the death struggles of a great cause, dying as much from its own exhaustion as from the herculean efforts of its enemies to destroy it. National Troubles. However much it may be for the interests of the Southern people, and agreeable to their wishes, to . give little attention to the legislation of tho Radi cals intended to humiliate and ruin them, still tho little pains taken to show that the whole scope of their political aims is to control the ensuing Presi ueuuai election, maKes it nesessary lor our people to refer to tho subject occasionally. They appear to think that if they can se cure control of the Executive Department of tho Government at the next election, that before the election of 1S72, they will" have control of of the Southern States by disfranchising the " dis loyal whites" and by conferring upon the "loyal blacks tho right of suffrage. In other words, they expect, should they bo able to secure all de partments of the Government, to force the South to accept their terms of reconstruction, by which means they expect to prolong Radical rule for an . indefinite period. The report of the majority of tho Reconstruc- tion Committee, which Senator Reverdy Johnson declares in the minority report, tho South cannot I assent to without assenting to their own dishonor, J was never intended as a reconstruction measure, I but as an electioneering document for the Fall f campaign, and aims solely at the object of pro- moting sectional hostility. Congress in adopting this report did not expect or desire the Southern j States to accept it, but was so drawn, thai should J any of them ratify it, as probably will be the case in Tennessee, undents provisions, Senators, and i representatives would necessarily be elected by the itadicaf votes, and will add to, rather than de- tract from, their party strength. And if it be de-1 ciaea mat tne amendment must be accepted by ' the required majority of . twenty-seven States, and. ;na Tif dnro still fhnco fnsinnp fo rrdifv ftro ex-' eluded from representation; in Congress. ' Should the people, then, at the Tall elections throughout the Northern Sates, sustain the Radi cals and endorse their plan of reconstruction by returning a majority of members opposed to the Resident, we see no settlement of our national fiifficulties short of the Presidential election in November 1868. if indeed at that time. Should 1 the party at present in power still control Con gress, that body certainly will not admit tho right of any State, not represented in Congress ajad therefore not regarded as in the Union, to take part in that election. ' The Southern vote, if al lowed, might and probably will control the elec tion adversely to the Radicals, but should it bo cast, it will be thrown oivtr by the President of the Senate in counting the vote. We have already seen to what lengths the Radi cals will go, and the means they expect to employ to secure a majority in the next House, and to make certain their success at the next Presidential election. If they accomplish this, their object to force the negro question upon us in its most re volting form, is now no secret. We understand that the leaders of the Radicals openly declare, in the event of their getting control of the Execu tive Department, that they will force negro suf frage and negro equality upon all the States, at the point of the bayonet. This would be resorted to now, but apprehensions are felt that the people of the North themselves aro not yet prepared for such extreme measures, which might prove disas trous to them in the ensuing State and National elections. Many prudent and conservative men regard the danger to the Government as most imminent and will culminate at the Presidential election, when the strength of our Republican institutions will have to stand their severest test It is extremely doubtful, we think, if the Conservatives of the J North will allow a Radical President to be inau gurated, should he not received a majority of the whole electoral college, and quietly permit the control of the Government to pass into the hands of their political foes when tho majority of the people of the United States have declared in their favor, and given their votes to their candidate. Indeed, it has already been, suggested by Wash ington letter-writers that the continued exclusion of Southern members from Congress will probably cause the springing up of two Congresses, the North being represented in part in both, and while both will claim to be the true Constitutional Con gress, the President can recognize but one. These arc some of tho foreshadowings of our political disturbances, but what will be tho end of these national troubles, no one can forsec. The people at the North have it in their power to give ajbappy solution of them by condemning the conduct of men who are jeopardizing tho- prosper ity and peace of the country for the sellish pur pose of controlling the Government, by harsh and unjust means. We have confined ourselves to political matters, but our national troubles, if not quieted, must cul minate in ruin to our finances, that are already perplexed by many difficulties. Government se curities, even now, are mere shutle-cocks, that rise and fall at the bidding of London and New York brokers, and will most surely fall with waning confidence in the early settlement of our political disturbances, or with the prospect of still greater complications. Wilmington. We paid a short visit to this noblo little city on Friday last, and were much gratified jit tho appearance of things generally. Business, which has beni rather dull through the Spring and early Hummer, wo arc pleased to state, is improving, and Water street presents homo of the brisk ness and business bustle of former days. It has always been a matter of surprise to us that the people of this "flection have paid so little attention to the many advantages which Wilmington presents as ajseajwrt town, and we trust that the inauguration of a new order of things will bring about that interest in our first sea port so nccessaiv to the future of North Carolina. There are now several lines of steamers plying between Wilmington and the Northern ports, and it speaks en couragingly for tho future, that they have been so well sus tained during the dull season. : The commission and forwarding merchants of Wilming ton, display the requisite business energy aud qualifica tions, and with a determination so manifest, we predict for them the sucess they havo hitherto merited. Nc; better business element csists than is to be found among those merchants. The other classes of business men in the city, with a few exceptions, we regret to say, appear not to possess, to such a degree, that energy and talent which constitutes successful merchants, and we regard it as a natural conse quence that they experience in its fullest sense, the dull ness of the times, of which they so much complain. Very few of them have shown the proper desire to extend their business beyond the limits of the city, and so long as they continue in this state of inertion they will unqcstionably secure a poor measure of success. We look for improve ment, however, in this direction, and with that encourage ment and support which our country merchants should by all means give them, we may soon expect to seo winning ton assume her due proportions, as a commercial mart We are for the most part acquainted with the business men there, and as prompt and reliable merchants, we recom mend them to our country people. H ilson uarouman. We have on several occasions recently, referred to the continued commercial rrospcrity of our city, and we clip the above from our very enter prising co temporary, the Wilson Carolinian, to show that our many advantages as a shipping point is being appreciated by people of the into rior. Tho fact that our lines of Steamers are not only sustained, but their number is being in creased, gives the inost substantial proof of this fact. Other ports, North and South of us, are complaining of dullness, and we notice the with drawal of steamers which . have been plying be twoen those ports and the Northern cities, on ac count of a want" of patronage. At tho same time, in the midst of the dull season, the sovoii steam ers which have been running between New York and Baltimore and our city, are not only filled with valuable cargoes, but during the last few weeks, Messrs. Worth l Daniel 'have made an ad dition fo tlicir New York line of one steamer, and the same enterprising firm, announce in our ad vertising columns, a line between this city and Philadelphia, which we believe and hope will bo as well supported as those toother Northern ports, W ith this new line in operation we will have nine steamers plying between our port and the more Northern cities, of a class superior to those for merly coming to Wilmington. In addition, we have several regular lines of sailing packets to the same ports, all well sustained and of a superior class. " " - ' ' We refer to"ihesc matters with no little degree of satisfaction, as evidence of the permament foot ing upon which the commercial prosperity of our city rests. It must be remembered that the sur- rounding country had been overrun and impover ished by destructive marches of large and hostile armies, and the agricultural industry was not only cramped last year by the universal want of rhoney, and tho radical change, in. the-system of labor, but the farms of most of our leading planters were taken - charge of by the Freedman's Bureau and restored too late for lucrative operations, The past business has, therefore, depended in the most part upon the crops accumulated upon the plantations during the war and which escaped destruction, and brought to our city by railroads much crippled f or want of rolling stock, and the dilapidated condition of their tracks. Bat now from most of the country,- which either seeks a market in this place, or ships its produce to Northern cities through our port, the news is favorable 'for an abundant crop. Our railroads an have been placed in good working order, and our river, transportation was never better, andjwe can see no reason why the business of our city should not be larger this fall than ever before. Our national difficulties present the only im pediment to a feeling of security of the rapid re turn of prosperity and good feeling,' bui, as we have had occasion before to remark, the Captains of our steamers and railroad officials, and, we may add, our merchants, are doing more for the future welfare of the goverment that ten times their number of Congressmen could accomplish ; and favorable reports of Southern planters are read with more interest at the North than the pro ceedings of Congress, and it is sincerely to be hoped that the result of their labors win more than counterbalance the real efforts of partisans to widen the breach between the sections. Gossip Concerning the State Elections. Notwithstanding the elections for State officers have been postponed until October, our exchanges are getting somewhat excited in regard to the matter. The names of many gentlemen are men tioned in connection with the position of Gover nor and Lieutenant Governor. Thus far Gover nor Worth is the only name before the people, he having already announced himself as a candidate for Governor. General M. W. Ransom has been recommended by a meeting of a portion of the citizens of Nash, Halifax and Edgecombe, lately held in Nash coun ty, and has been favorably spoken of in other quarters. The Standard says, in speaking of him : We do not know whether General Ransom will be a can didate or not. Governor Worth ia certainly before the people for re-election. His main dependence for success must be in the faction known as the Vance Destructives. As between Governor Worth and General Ransom, the se cessionists would not hesitate. They would vote for the latter, simply because they would prefer the real to the spurious article. Deprived of his secession strength, Gov ernor Worth would not be able to poll more than ten thou sand votes in the State. The Standard advises the Union men of the State to stand to their guns and 41 bide their time." Says tho Silard: "Let them maintain their princi ples and their organization, and avoid all commit tals and entangling alliances. They owe this to themselves, to President Johnson, and to the Con- i yress, whicJi, with the President, has been so arduous- engaged for mantles jmsl in the work of restora tion." The italics are ours. Tho names of the Hon. Thomas Settle, and 11. P. Dick and W. P. Bynnm, Esqrs., have been more frequently mentioned as candidates of those people of our State, who owe such a great debt of gratitude to CoLgress for its arduous labors in be half of the restoration of North Carolina and the other Southern States. But as we do not seo it in this light, wo will hardly be expected to vote for either of them, and we suspect that if any candi dates insist upon the payment of what the Stand ard may think we owe Congress, they will certainly be defeated and tho debt repudiated. This may be disloyal, but it is true, nevertheless. For Lieutenant Governor, the most prominent name is that of Colonel D. D. Ferelee, of Cam den. . The Raleigh Sentinel and Greensboro' Pa triot have both spoken favorably of his fitness and claims, and the Standard says that Colonel Ferebee is the choice of Governor Worth and his friends. This may be true, but we suppose that paper has very little authority for speaking for Governor Worth or his friends. We have already men tioned the fact that the Faycttcvillc News reccm mened Colonel Strange, of this city, for Lieuten ant Governor ; a writer in the Ashvillo News urges the claims of Hon. B. S. Gaither ; and Hons. S. II. Rogers and G. W. Logan are put forward by their friends ; and a Raleigh covpetpoudent of the Charlotte Democrat desires to reconcile the conflict between old parties and geographical jealousies by recommending Robert P. Dick, of Guilford (Democrat and Western man), for Governor, and Hon. George Davis, of New Hanover (Whig and Eastern man), for Lieutenant Governor. We would respectfully suggest to this correspondent that possibly he has placed the "cart before the horse." If he will acknowledge his mistake, we would like the ticket much better. His compli mentary notice of Mr. Davis will find a responsive echo in the hearts of all our people. The Rutherford Star and its Raleiglj coriespon- uent do not line uovernor worm aid the seces-' sionists, and want the present administration defeated. They think, with,, true men for Governor and Lieutenant Gojrnor, the basis of representation changed, tha next Legislature elected by true and tried Unices men, there will be some prospect of our getting back into the Union, after the manner of Tennessee, we sup pose. " If," says the correspondent of this paper (the St r is evidently in debt to Congress), "the party i ow in power can be defeated, they will sink to rise no more, and down with) them goes such men as Wm. A. Graham, Zeb. B. Vance, Jonathan WTorth, Lewis Xfanes and many others that I could name." Thus it will be seeui tilat our political affairs are in much eonfttsioai. We have been in hopes that our peepte -weald not be called away from the work, of: practical reconstruction to engage in dx ji&g poetical campaigns, and believe now that onr present Governor should bo re-elected with' ontopposition, as ho appears to be acceptable to the great mass of our people, and is,' we firmly be lieve, doing much to promote the great interests of the State, without regard to old party organiza tions. He may not be so ready to pay the debt the Standard thinks we owe to Congress, but certainly on this account, no fair minded man wil impugn the honesty of Jonathan "Worth, for he has always been in favor of the State meeting promptly all her honest obligations, and if Con gress will yet by any legislation propose such terms as North Carolina can accept, or will dd aught to restore the Union upon an honorable and equitable basis, Governor Worth Will be among the foremost to acknowledge the debt and urge its payment. Export Duty on Cotton. On Monday last Mr. Thad. Stevens in tho House of Representatives introduced a resolution propo sing to amend the Constitution of the United States by an article providing, that "Congress shall have power to lay an export duty or tax on cotton exported from the, United States." This proposition not only failed to receive the required two-thirds vote, but fell two votes short of a ma jority. It would seem as if this settled the matter of an export duty on cotton for this session at least, and onx people can quiet their fears on the subject for the present. We sincerely trust that in the next Congress other councils may prevail, and that that body will not legislate either in political or do mestic matters, with such evident injustice to a section, impoTerished, despoiled and unrepresen ted, and already taxed to its utmost capacity to pay, yet meets the demands of the tax gatherer, C .and fills all other legal obligations with a prompt ness and submission characteristic of their law- abiding character. ... ; -. .i The Convention. -, - v It will be seen thatthis body adjourned on Mon day last, in accordance with! a resolution adopted several days previous! .While we readily concede to the Convention much ability, and freely give It credit for such legislation as we believe to be salu tary, still wa are confident :that no body of men ever assembled within, the limits , of the State in wfe.oniour people bad less - confidence, took so little - interest, and hail -with - such satisfaction their final adjournment Not satisfied of the le gality of their legislation, unless made so by the subsequent approval of the people, avast majority felt that, elected at a time when the ballot-box Tiro a vjkf. fvoa Hi a RPntiment of the State was not represented by the Convention. We are heartily glad that this body is now numbered with the things that are gone, and be lieve that many years must elapse, and great chan- t.TiA nnlitieal sentiments of the people, before just such another one assembles. But for a wholesome fear of the people, the action nf the flonvpntion would have been as radical as that of Congress. What it did well, we give itcred it ; what it omitted Ui do, we are thankful for ; its record is made and to history, from which there is no appeal, mast it look for judgment. , The House of Commons. We understand that by the ordinance providing for the State elections to be held in October next, the following counties will each lose one member of the House of Commons, viz : Granville, Beau fort, Bertie, Duplin, Halifax, Northampton, War ren and Pitt. These are criven to the Western counties, most of them to new counties, which, formed since the last apportionment, have as yet had no separate representation in the General As sembly. 1 The apportionment for the next Legislature is, we understand, only temporary, the permanent apportionment having been referred to the Leg islature. Wnen that is made, the loss to the East em counties, of course, will be much greater. We sincerely trust that this new adjustment will reconcile the conflict of political interests which have been a subject of much and warm rank ling in the Legislatures for many years. Each sec tion will now control one of the Houses of the General Assembly. Lieutenant Governor. The Fayetteville News, in coming out for the re-election of Governor Worth, recommends Major Robert Strange, of this city, for Lieutenant Governor. Certainly nothing woidd give more satisfaction to this community than to have this recommen dation of the Neves seconded by the people of the State. Major Strange is a gentleman of emi npnt nliilitv and excellent private character. His selection for the position named would be most acceptable to the people of this section of the State, and well merited by the gentleman himself, The Radicals and the Confederate Debt. More than once, during the past year, has the blind furv and oartizan zeal of the Radicals of Congress placed their party in awkward dilemmas. In laying down principles to suit party demands, they are often led into conclusions the opposite of their intentions or their views. These men were the foremost in denying the right of secession, and reiterated often, during the war, that the seats of our Senators and Representatives were vacant, and all the South had to do was to lay down their arms find elect their members and all would be well. No longer than the Hampton Roads con ference. President Lincoln officially crave this as the trrst and most natural steps to reconciliation. Br.t since the surrender of the Confederate armiies, and since the proclamation of President Jolrnson declaring the war at an end and the Sou them States as fully entitled to all the privi ligfj.i of the other States, the Radicals, for party purposes, are driven to the necessity of asserting that tho Confederacy has a government outside. of the United States, and that the Southern . States did accomplish their secession either by an inher ent right or by force. It now appears that this position, however con venient and satisfactory f pr their present political plans, entails upon them a serious contradiction of their oft declared opinion of the illegality of the Confederate debt. If the Confederate States, was a political organization outside of the United States, it concedes all that the English bond hold ers in their Lite meeting claimed. Upon this sub ject the National llep ublican remarks : " Tha English holders of the Confederate bonds. claimed at their recent meeting at tho London Tavern, on the au thority of Vattel and Wheaton, that if the American Union had been didsoived, aa had been declared in the American Confess by Mr. Thaddens Stevens, it followed as a re Hultirar legal consequence that the Confederates had the power to set up for themselves, aa they did, . a. de facto government at Richmond, and -they further added, that all the world knew that de facto governments had the power to contract debts, and that the conquering power was, . by the law of nations, obligated to pay them. " We suppose no principle of law to be bettor settled that that any uovemment cntitica to oe respectea as tnat 01 an independent State in Christendom may lawfully con tract debti : and that for debts contracted in the name of the State, by ita authorized agents for its public use, the succeeding government is liable. The doctrine is that the government which succeeds to the fiscal rights of an other, is bound to fulhll its hscal obligations." Wheaton's International Imw, p. 41 In their determination to secure the triumph of their party, through the outlawry of the Southern people, the Radicals may straddle the Government with a large foreign debt; or lay the foundation of a foreign war. There seems to1 be no limit to the means employed in order to secure party triumph, even-if it extend to the further prostration of the South and the ruin of the country, .r The Stay Law. The Stay Law, adopted by the Convention will be found upon the third page. Judge Howard, Chairman of the Committee on that subject, re ported the ordinance and took charge of its pas sage.; , - Wf- insert the following communication from 'Mr. Har vey, the contractor, who employed the Irishmen and negroes said to have been engaged in a row on the line of the W. C & B. B. B., near Sand Hill, a few days since. An account of the reported row has already appeared in our columns. We published the report as we received it from passengers and others from tha section pf country ia .which it was said to have, occurred. We had no doubt of its authenticity, as the different sources from which we received tidings cf the disturbance were perfectly reliable, and each account so nearly corresponding to the others received, aa to be unmistakable. However w insert the communication ' of Mr. Harvey, and our readers can take it for what it is worth. We do not wish to detract any thing from the merits ot the com- munication, but siiuply wish to prove to the public that we were justifiable in reporting the row, and that our in formation emanated from the . most reliable persons, who could scarce be mistaken in what they related as having actually occurred. SAND HlLI N. f! Jnnn QRth-.tHRR Messrs. Editors : ,., jlucjo uuui "uiuui Irani in ine arucig .wnir.n an. row which was said to haye occurred among aartv o TWhTAn .ti,i Arr,a vrnlAZZ . 3Lf I IS JL U. 7 ' uu lu w-. There was was a row among the negroes, a few days ago, s caused by their beating one of their own number which was near a gentleman's house in thiavirfnitv. ThA rmarnan interfered and rescued hint, but in the meantime a tistol wis nred by some one. and a. nac hnt. thmnn-w The above, I understand; is the trao . account of the matter. . . . .. .... . . . . .. Your obd't servant, - ; . - : ROBT HABVEY. Contractor. i. H CTRCTJiiAic addressed:' to the Conservative Re publicans of Iowa," palling a State Convention for the purpose of organizing fa party to be known as' the National Union JParty" has made its ap pe4irance.'Tlie following is a paragraph from the circular : "Wo have heretofore been republicans, but being una ble to co-operate with the radical and dominant element of that party in a line of policy inaugurated since the close of the war, and which we believe to be fraught with the most disastrous consequences to the country, we pro pose to establish a separate organization, to be know as the National Union Party." J Tbul op Major J. C. Manx. By : the subjoined ex tract, which wo clip from the Raleigh Trogress, it will be aeen that tho trial of Major J. C. Mann, late Financial Agent of tho Freedmen'a Bureau t this place, has com menced ' The trial, in all probability, Will bo alenghty one, but as many of our readers no doubt feel some interest in the matter, we' will endeavor to place before them extracts of the proceedings as it progresses, as far as our space will permit The military commission for the trial of officers of tho Freedmen's Bureau, met again this morning, when the case of Mai. J. C. Mann was taken up on the following charge and upecification : Charges and Specifications preferred against Major J. C. Mann, Assistant Quartermaster U. S. Volunteers. CHARGE. Conduct to tho prejudice of good order and military dis cipline. Specification In this, that he, Major J. C. Mann, As sistant Quartermastor U. o. V olunteers, and Assistant Fi nancial Agent of the- Bureau of Refugees, Frcedmcn and Abandoned Lands for tho Southern District of North Car olina, while employed and acting as such Financial Agent at Wilmington, North Carolina, in said District, did be come pecuniarily interested witli one O. D. Holmes and a Gen. Goff in the leasing and cultivation of the plantation of said O. D. Holmes, situated near said Wilmington and in the employment thereon of freedmen, and did employ thereon about 45 freedmen then being in his care and charge as such Financial Agent, he the said Mann thua becoming interested, for his own private profit and emol ument, m the labor of such treeamen, contrary to ins duty aa such Financial Agent and officer. All thin at or near Wilmington, Mortn uaronna, on or about the fourth day of May, 18GC, and between that date and the hrst day of December, preccmng. By order : Jons II. Watrous, Captain 103 U. S. C. Inf y, And Judge Advocate. Witnesses : O. D. Holmes and Gen. Golll Brevet Brig. Gen. Nathan Goff being sworn, slated that he was interested with the accused in a plantation ia Brunswick County, on the Cape Fear River, owned by O. D. Holmes. Their lease ran from February, 18C6, for one year, they furnishing the funds. One-quarter of the crop was to go to the owner and Jacob Cortett, the overseer, who has been in charge of the placo twelve years, and who was in supreme control of the management in direct ing what and how cultivation should be made. The farm contained 3,500 acres, only a small portion of which was under cultivation. They hired forty negroes, paying from $15 to $25 a month wages, Mr. Corbctt em ployed and discharged the men. The accused was Financial Agent of the Bureau at Wil mington, but could not state whether or not his duties would interfere with his farming interests. From con- I versations with civilians ho believed the planters last spring Had no connuence in tne negroes, tnat tr y would work, or the negroes in the planter that ho would pay him if he did work. Some of their hands were hired from an adjoining farm, somefrom one up the river, and some wero picked up in Wilmington. He knew at that time there were a great many vagrants in Wilmington. Court adjourned until to-morrow. CAPTIONS Of Oi iliniincts unci Resolutions Passed by the Late Convention. ORDINANCES. 1. An ordinance to change the time of holding the Court of rieas and Quarter Sessions of Alexander county. 2. An ordinance to alter the time of holding the Court t of Pleas and Quarter Sessions of Stanly county. 3. An ordmanco to provide for executing decrees ot tho Supreme Court made at Morganton. i. An ordinance concerning the qualifications of voters for municipal officers in the cities and incorporated towns of North Carolina. 5. An ordinance to amend the charters of the Union Mining Company in the county of liowan, and the Iludiail Gold Mining Company in the county of Mecklenburg, passed at the late session of the General Assembly. C. An ordinance to incorporate the North Carolina Pe troleum and Mining Company. 7. An ordinance repealing the provisoes of Section nine, of an act of the General Assembly, entitled " An Act concerning negroes and persons of color, or of mixed blood," and for other puposea. 8. An ordinance to grant to the citizens of the county of Folk tne power 01 voting witn tne district or county to which they are attached, in the election of members of the General Assembly. 9. An ordinance concerning the crime of assault witli1 the intent to commit rape. 10. An ordinance in relation to tho act of the General Assembly, entitled "P.ovenuo." 11. An ordinance to incorporate "the Oceanic Hook and Ladder Company," or the town ot Beaufort. 12. An ordinance in relation to taxation by the County Uourts. 13. An ordinance for exchanging the stocks of tho State for bo.uds issued before the year one thousand eight lmn dred and sixty-one. If. An ordinanco concerninglwidows who have qualified as jsxocutnx to tno last win ana testament ot their de ceased husbands. .. 15. Aa ordinance to prohibit the sale of spirituous li quors witlim one ana a hair miles or the Company shops 16. An ordinance to change the time of elections in North Carolina, and for other purposes. 17. An ordiuance to pay tho Provisional Judges of Courts of Oyer and Terminer lor, services under " an ordinance to protect the owners of property and for other purposes 18. An OKUnance to repeal the Zulu section ot the 53rd chap, of the revised code, entitled "Governor and Coun cil." 19. An ordinance to amend the charter of the . Govern or's Creek Steam Transportation and Miniiij? Company. 20. An ordinanco to incorporate the Wilmington Railway linage uompany. 21. An ordinance extending the timo for the settlement of tho public taxes by tho sherills. and tax collectors of this State. . 22. An ordinance to divorce Jan o.F. Uavens and Thomas J. Havens. 23. An ordinance to change the jurisdiction of the Courts, and the rules of pleading therein. 2i. An ordinance to amend an act of the General As sembly, passed at its session of 1S42-43, entitled 44 an act to authorize the formation of a lire Engine Company, iu the town of Salem, North Carolina." 25. An ordinanao to authorize sundry sheriffs to collect arrearages of taxes. '.' 2G. An ordinance concerning the Banks of the State. 27. An ordinance in relation to the deposit and nublica- won oi uie ordinances ana resolutions oi tne conven tion. 28. Ah ordinanco for the relief of Thomas D. Pleury. 29. An ordinance in reference to the payment of a por tion of tho publio taxes into the treasury of the titate. 30. An ordinaucesubmitting to the qualified voters of the State the ratification or rejection of tho Constitution adopted by tho Convention. 81. An ordinance to empower the Justices of the several counties to borrow money in certain cases, and for other purposes. ' - 32. An ordinauce with regard to the incorporation of tho town of Mocksville, in Davie county. ; ' . RESOLUTIONS. . -;. 1. Resolution in regard to printing. .2. Resolution for tlie distribution of laws of the General Assembly. 3. Resolution to have an abstract of the census of 18C0 printed for the use -of tho Convention. 4. Resolution to print additional copies of an abstract of the census of I860. 5. Resolution in relation to privies and water-closets. 6. Resolution directing the Secretary of State to have the necessary binding for the Convention done at the Deaf and, Dumb and Blind Institution. 7.. A resolution to print an ordinance. 8. A Resolution alfowinjr compensation to thr. A' f 11. .-! "I 1 i Mii f. Secretary of the Convention. y. A resolution to employ a temporary door keeper. 10. Resolution to continue Commissinn the Governor, under an act of the lanfe Opti.! a aKi,. vy tinuiure miu iuc auauo ui ine Aiuemane anu unesa. peake Canal Company.' 11." Resolution on lighting the Capitol with gas. IA IteSOlntlOn tO PaV thO CommiHRirairrH nr.nmtl 11... 1 ... , 1 . 1.1 , 1 . . . .. - . ff tJ me uKucru Aaaeiuuiy on ine suoject or i reottmen. xo. itesoimion in iavor or Theo. N. liamsay. If. A resolution in fovor of R. 8. Tueker. 15. A resolution in reference to payment of interest on the public debt of the State. . lb. Resolution to sudbIv delGoraten of tho wiwi eupies oi me oruin&ncea ana journals. 11. .Resolution concernms uocieaerntA 0; 01.. ... . - . - . a 4 m. o . udlLl uvoTOvuimco iooucu uuuiik me war, ana m the trpnsn ry.v ! '. . ; Rurce of North Carolina. The United States Commiss ,usiB;cuuJ auuressea a letter to Gov. Worth aa to the resources and capabilities of tho sat ti, n.. ii .1 i . . ."i....n.iiuu no. 1 k; iuc auoriiiauon containea in the uujvuiou vummuuioaiion. its publication has been immediately induced by a let ter from the President nf iha a H a ir"1"iJa"J' i,cv iorix, wnicn wm dc found be lllTIT O writ wis f r k 1 J v") njuuii explains ltseil : A3IEBICAX .EMIGRANT AlD AND HOMESTEAD Co., 62 RnoAD ajjd 21 New Stbikt, 1" Np.W Yrllr TnnA Q-!-. lOi'fl o -" ' """j. 1 1 iv ucernor oj jsorth Carolina : aw 3--jiepori8 navy oeen ironl Jtiurope, that efforts are made the "W A, - . . " '"V- vj VAUtVAls VUU ?tca. by Circulating statcmonts that the European set. in the Son hem States are treated inhumanely ; "u.Uo,auuCieiuKu uuccessiuuy only by referring the Europeans to the statutory laws of the respective South ernbtatea, relating the mode of acquiring property, and to the cml and politic;.! rirhta r,..;,;.,,.. to the new settlers or foreigners locating therein. To en able the Company to do this task effectively von are most respectfully requested to furnish it with copies of euch laws 01 your State, or to voter, it collections thereon m afnoiiv in wr i ... force in your State. Ul A statistical information of your State resources, of the T 1. . . ----- wuuw 01 ita yarioua localities, ana of agricultural adao- tedncssof their soil, would bo very desirable also, for tl.n misrepresentations referred to extend even to theo ob jects. As tno ODjeci 01 1111a request is to outam irom you a weapon to enable this Company to defend the interests (,r your State and of its landholders, it is expected that this liberty will bo excused. Merewitn you will do pieaseu to nnt' our charter organ ization, and a newspaper containing tho expression .f our determination to aid the South in obtaining immi grants. 1 have the honor to be, Very respectfully, Your Excellency's o'xl't serv't, Pt C. BRIGHT, President. STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA, 1 Executive Department, Raleigh, June 13th, 18CG. r. C. Wright, Esq., President Am. E. A. & H. Company. : Sir. In response to your letter of the 8th instant, 1 write you substantially tho same facts contained in a lif ter, of this date, to tho United States ConimiamoTn r ., Immigration at "Washingten. Geographically, North Carolina is situatod half wav I,. -tween New York and tho Guir of Mexico, being incfu.U-.l between tho parallels of 34J and 3GJ degrees. It cxtci,!-, from the Atlantic coast live hundred miles wcstwanl stretching more than one hundred miles beyond the llln. Ridgo Mountains, and contains an area of 1,0,000 sipum miles, having therefore tho same extent as the State nf New York. This territory divides itself naturally int.. three well marked sections : On the west, tho mountain, ous plateau, having an elevation of 2500 feet above tl,, sea, and being traversed by several chains of mountain.-. many of whoso peaks attain an elevation of nearly 7, '1 feet. On the east lies a low plain, nearly level, part I v al luvial and partly sandy, extending about 150 miles f'i-, . 1 , the coast ; and between these two spreads tho hill conn, try, whose elevation rises gradually from 200 or 3t'0 iVet on the east, to 1,200 feet at tl base of the mountains. Tho eastern section is mostly covered with pines ( I'lim australis and P. taeda,) the rniddlo and western with forests of oaks (of many species) interspersed with th, poplar, hickory, walnut, maple, &-c. Seven large river.,, with their numerous tributaries, traverse the State, fur nishing unlimited water power as they How down from tin mountains through the middle section ; and as th vnn.w , with a moderate current, across the eampagno eonnti ,, on the east, into the chain of sounds which sldrt th, coast, they furnish, with these,"an aggregate of 900 mil. , of inland navigation, which might 1 doubled by cir: n, ; westward the system of slack water improvements alrea.lv' commenced. With these navigablo waters is interla. . ' the Rail Road system of tho State, amounting to 90S mil. , completed, and 400 more in progress, which, with abou 350 miles of plank roads and turnpikes, brings the m ,1 coast into ready communication with every part of th, State. the son. is very varions ; alluvial and peaty accumulations abii, ! near the coast and along t lie rivers, while in the- nii.1,11, and western regions the soil is mainly of granitic origin, and represents every grade of sanely" and clayey loam . t various fertility. the climate has also a wide range, being tempered on tho seaboard something like the mildness of that of tl 10 Gulf JStat.: . while in the mountain region it approaches tho riiore: New York. In the middle section, which constitutes th, larger part of the State, and rej resents Vic average el, mate, the mean annual temperature is (0 deg. (Palm n. heit) the mean Summer temperature 75 deg., mean Win ter 3 deg., extreme bummer (diurnal) Hi) degress, a. r agc absolute maximum 99 dog., cxtremo Winter (diurnal 20 degrees, average absolute minimum degrees. '! I , annual fall of rain is 4a inches. Ihe number of eloii.lv days in the year is 130 ; rainy days 60. THE VEGETABLE PROIiUmiONS arc very various. The most important are wheat, eon. oats, rye, potatoes, sweet potatoes, peas, rice, cotton, t.. bacco, turpentine, grapes ana fruits, wheat and coin ai, produced with facility and abundance in all parts; oats and potatoes flourish in the middle and western V, gions ; rice, Bweei potatoes ana pjas 111 the east.-rn: tobacco in the middle ; cotton in tho southern count ie.-. ,. the middle and in tho eastern section; turpentine anl pine lumber are peculiar to the east. Tho fruits niot , . tensively and largely cultivated are tho apple, peaeh, . ;,i and cherry, represented by numerous varieties. No iM , ; of the Continent is better adapted to theso than (lie ml die and ivestcrn regions. The principal grasses are 1 1., orchard, herd's, timothy and blue, to which must be ;e! ded clover and lucerne. All these flourish in the mi. I.::, and western regions, and some of them grow wild ; In n. stock raising is easy and profitable. The stoek elm:! raised are horses, mules, cows, sheep and hogs. !! grapes usually cultivated, besides foreign varieties. .11. the bcuppcrnong, Catawba, Lincoln and Isabella, ail na tives of the State, the first three 1 eing excellent wi:,,- grapes, lhe bcuppernong is peculiar to the eastern sec tion. The following abstract, from the United Si.it., Census report, for lSSu'O, will be.-t ehow t?io production and capabilities of the State : Live Stock :),:25,000 Animal piodin Wheat. . 4.700,000 bushels Corn 30,000,000 44 Oats 2,H00,000 44 Rve 437,000 44 Peas 1,900,000 44 4' Potatoes (bush.) .s:50,00O Annual product. Sweet Potatoes, 44 CA 10,000 Cotton 58,000,000 " Tobacco 32,900,000 pounds Rice 7,000,000 " 44 Wool 8h:5,ooo 44 " Honey 2,055,00 0 4 4 4i Turpentine 1,000,000 barrels " THE MANUEACTtliKS are chieily of cotton, wool, spirits of turpentine, hinilx 1. iron and paper. Tho amount invested in lhe manufacture of cotton, 2,250,000 dollars ; lumber fl,00O,0O0 ; turpentine $2,ooo,!'"i. iron $500,000 ; wool $350,000. F1S1IKU1ES abound in the sounds and rivers of lhe eastern oountie Tho species of lish mostly taken are tho herring, shad blue lish, mullet, and rock. Tho number of barrels sunn; ally packed for market is about 100,000 on tho water.-... Albemarle Sound. Considerable ipiantities are packed at other points. snxr.i:ALs. The most important of these are coal, iron, gold, ...), per, silver, lead, plumbago, limestone, marble, agolm ii,, lite, soap stone, maganose, whet-stones, griiid-ston, -, rooling-slates, porcelain clay and fireclay. The cod 1 bituminous, and exists in two beds, situated respect i. h 100 ami 200 miles from the er-ast, on Cape Pear River and lan Rivtr. It is abundant, accessible and of good j 1 1 a I ity. Iron ore, of excellent quality, abounds in all a it of the State, the principal seat of "its manufacture beim; on the Capo Fear, Catawba and Yadkin rivers. Gold i found in almost all parts of the Stale, especially in th, middle region ; the annual product for manv years lia.--been $250,000. Copper mines abound in the mi. Id!: northern and western counties. Plumbago is found in great abundance near the capital, ami again in (he csi.-i n region: marble in the middle and western; and mo! everywhere in the eastern sections. A chain of silver and lead mines (containing gold ah , tiaverses the central portion of tho State. the roi'i I.ATION in 18C0 was 992,(122, of which one-third are colored; 1 -aro of foreign birth. One-tenth of the population live , towns and cities. LAXIi. According to the census of lSeO, there were ;.5m, ihm acres of improved land, beinc about ono-lifth Of til,' .'i I 1 ; of the State. Tho price at which these lands are In I I ranges from about 3 dollars to loo dollars p. r aero th average would be about H7.1.. ine oniy ouahhcatioii necessary to ennl.le (,,.,. own land, is that he take tho oath of allegiance gner I to tie ouiwj, or nave uecome a citizen of the United States. lTBLIO SCHOOLS were maintained in the State, bv the means of th- Lit, r ary Fund, which amounted to 12,500,000 in IbOO. Al., .i' half of the fund has been swept awav bv the war ; and tie system of District schools, which had brought a rudini. n t ary education within tho reach of nil r, been entirely prostrated for tho present, but will d- ml't !. -- be revived 111 a few years. xne btatc may be reached direetlvfrmn F.nr,,o.. n, 1 any of her ports, Wilmington, Beaufort or Norfolk, b o,! which railroads penetrate errrv ti.ai t nnin. f.,,. 1.'... .... New York tho distance by railroad or steamer is about v'f hours. Tho number of newspapers published in the Stat. 10 aouut ,u, mi 111 1110 n.ngush language. T.C . 1 . . , , 0 The above statistics have been prepared with much c: by tho State Geologist, Professor W. C. Kerr, whos- infor mation and research will vouch for their entire reliabiln -. You state that 44 reports have been r.. Company from Eurc.po, that efforts aro made th re to .h suade the Europeans from immigrating and settling ,n the Southern States, bv rirenlafin,r gifr.......i., n.i ,1 . European sealers in the Southern States are treated in humanely,' Ac. Nothing could bo nioro unfounded than such a i :.m so far as this State is concerned. Citizen of forei-n l.n 1, ll O Vr. Y s r. ... . -. r ' ,. . ....wi.. .-.U.V J 1 1 V 111. 1.11.1. II' oitiiuj protection 01 person ami property 111 thelaw8of North Carolina as hei native citizens wnere they are as industrious and honest, they hi . thrifty and as highly esteemed many such cecum in 1 sitions tho most honorable and influential. To" for. v. settlers, of honest, energetic character, the State ext. 1 a cordial welcome ; and, I can assure von, when mi. come, instead of being 44 treated inhumanely," they w ill oflered tho same rights and privileges, and'thc aame hi port and countenance, enjoyed by our native citizens. Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, JONATHAN WORTH, Governor of N. Bank of Nokth Carolina. At tho met:tin-' tiie btockholders of the Bank of North C:u.li held here last week, the question of Aviudi ti n. 1. up the Bank was left in the hands nf flu. i:,,;inl .1 Directors. Hal. Cor. Charlotte Ih-uu.rmi Important Arrests. Homo two r- tlnvu unit. men and two or three negroes wen; am st-.l in this place last week, on tho ohm ft of lieilio en cerned in robbinsr and lmrninr- iinusi. in tlii- place a few weeks ago. Wo learn that tin i'i "' is pretty conclusive against some of tlio p ti ti -. and we hope it mav bo snllifinnt. t, iinmr ll,, m. It seems, from papers found on one of tho wl.ii men, that there has been a regularly or(-fiiiii.'l band of whites and negroes engaged in burn ing, horse-stealing, A:c, iu this seetion. It can be proven that one of the men arrested stole four horses or mules at one time. Their plnn V pears to have been to set tire to houses to 'ii;iM' them tho better to carry out their lildnderiuj; schemes. The punishment for such villains ought to be prompt and speedy, so as to save tho coun try heavy jail expenses, Charlotte jjan.
Wilmington Journal [1844-1895] (Wilmington, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
June 28, 1866, edition 1
2
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