THE WILMINGTON JOURNAL.
WILMINGTON, N.'.C.,"
THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER. 20, 1866.
Our Duty.
We propose this morning to submit a
few remarks upon the general course of con-
. .duct which we consider appropriate, if
not imperative for our people to pursue in
the troublous times in which we live. - In
order that those of our readers who know
us only in connection with the Journal, may
thoroughly understand our position, we
deem it proper to state that at and before
the beginning of the war, we honestly be
lieved that North Carolina had a constitu-
' tional as well as natural, a legal as well as
political right, to dissolve her connection
with the United States of America, when
ever and for whatever cause she desired so
to do. This opinion was the result of edu-
cation, strengthened and confirmed by such
thougns ana siuay as we were capaoie 01
bestowing upon the question. We honestly
believed that the honor and the interest of
the oouthern estates, our own among tnem,
imperatively demanded that we should re
sist to the utmost of our ability, even to
'the last man and the last dollar," the en
croachments of the Abolitionists of the
North, which culminated in the election of
Abraham Lincoln. We thought the only
possible mode of accomplishing the desired
object was by the secession of the Southern
States and the formation of a Southern
Government in a word we were a Confed
erate of " the most straitest sect."
Believing thus, we entered the army and
remained in the field until the surrender of
General Lee. For this course we have
neither apology nor regret. The opinions
that induced it, we still think were well
founded in reason and justice. Had we
acted otherwise, we would feel that we had
proved recreant to the highest and most
solemn obligations that can be laid upon
But the Confederacy was destroyed with
the surrender of our armies, and we were
placed in the power of the very people
from whom we were so anxious to be sepa
rated. We are still in the power of that
people, and it behooves us to consider well
what patriotism and duty demand of us in
our changed condition and relations.
To love the men who have inflicted so
much injury upon us, is simply impossible.
No sane man expects it. To assert the ex
istence of such love is to make a statement
that bears a palpable lie upon its face, and
one which none but an idiot will believe.
To fawn upon Northern men; to make pro
fesssions of regard for them; to declare
that we have forgotten and forgiven the
deaths of our comrades in arms, or the des
truction of our property, is to pursue a
course as much wanting in policy as it is in
self-respect. The Northern people are not
fools, and understand the workings of hu
man nature too well to be deceived by such
a transparent artifice, even if the exaggera
ted idea they generally entertain of the
violence and passionate nature of the
Southern character would not of itself be
sufficient to prevent it. It is folly then, if
nothing more despicable to pursue such a
course.
mi -
The other extreme, we regard :is equal
in folly ; though in many who have follow
ed it, it is the result of a feeling from which
we cannot withhold our warmest admira
tion, while at the same time wo are com
pelled to deprecate its too exuberant expres
sion. There are some spirits, so frank, en
thusiastic, open hearted, excitable and so
honest that they cannot bear the trammels,
that even a moderate degree of prudence
would impose.
But every man whose expressions are ex
travagantly Southern, so to speak, does not
belong to this class. Indeed, we find, per
haps, more violence of speech coming from
individuals who gave the Confederacy a
doubtful support. The man who staid at
home and held aloof from the support of
President Davis' administration during the
war, and now significantly whispers in our
ear, that "many men would go into the
war now that kept out of it before," we re
gard as a liar and a braggart. There is a
time for all things. There was a time meet
for resistance, one so peculiarly appropriate
for fighting that every man in the country,
capable of bearing arms, must have seen it.
That time has now passed- Whether we
like it or not, it is now the time to cultivate
the arts of peace. We must "learn to do
our duty in that station of life in which it
has pleased God to place us." In time of
war we must fight ; in time of peace we
must do those things which pertain to
peace. Besistance, whether organized into
the shape and proportions of war, or in in
dividual action, is utterly out of the ques
tion. We are not now our own masters.
The fortune of war has irrevocably fixed
our destiny with that of the United States.
Whether we will or not, we are American
citizens. By force of arms, if not by force
of law, we are part and parcel of the terri
tory of the United States. These are stub
born facts, but they are facts none the less
because of their stubbornness and unpleas
antness. It is our duty to recognise them
as such. While David's child was yet alive,
he strove with the Lord in prayer, in sack
cloth and ashes ; but after the child was
dead, he washed his face and did eat As
ITl ti"!A "Tift erf. i f. a nnvlnfw 4-s A s attaw'U ?. s
to insure success to our arms so it is now
our dutv to bear tin bravAltr in . Afoot.
It ia nowhere said, however, that David
was glad, or that he pretended he was glad
his child was dead. Interest and policy and
patriotism dictate, that we should not spend
oar time in unavailing regret, in listless de
spair, in hopeless repinings, but that we
should be up and doing, and with brave
hearts and vigorous arms, wrench from an
tmpropitious future as much of happiness
and fortune as may lie before us. In the
main, nnr tmwtiIa
mination to do this. They have gone to
Wort with an energy that is a sure presage
of success.' ''; " ';.' '" x" ---.v- .-
The first and most important ' duty
that presents.' itself to us, is the resto
ration of our material prosperity, for upon
this depends everything else. In what we
must necessarily call ovr national policy,
Trhilo wo have a most vital interest, we
have unfortunately no ypice and no power
of direction. Our policy is that of "'mas
terry inactivity." We. have, endorsed and
Btill continue to endorse, President John
son, because others seemed to tnink an ex
pression of opinion on the part of Southern
men was expedient. xWe doubt very much,
however, whether the approval of the South
is not . the main obstacle to the success of
Mr. Johnson's policy.
But whatever may be the true the
ory as to national politics, there can
be no question about our duty ; in
home affairs. ' Unity, harmony, and con
cert of action are imperatively demanded.
We must work together. This is no time
to seek the advancement of individuals or
of parties. ' We must now give to our coun
try what in olden times we gave to party,
our time, our energies, and our hearty good
will. Unfortunately there are always
evil men among us attempting to pro
duce discord and division. They
jmugt be pufc down.
To do this effec
tually we must take more interest in our
State elections in home affairs. These
are times when we cannot with advan
tage instruct our public servants. No man
can now tell what a day will bring forth
we are now more than ever compelled to re
ly upon the character for intelligence and
probity of our public men. We must al
low them, in a very great degree, to use
their own discretion and judgment. Such
being the fact, it is incumbent upon us to
see to it that our best men are selected to
fill the offices of trust in the State. Wei
must have men whose past lives have given
an earnest of prudence, discretion and judg
ment, as well as devotion to the State.
Every county can boast of many men in
whom all these qualities unite in such a de
gree as to render proper selections not very
difficult. Having done this, let us avoid all
violence of language, manner and action,
towards Northern men, attend strictly to
our own private affairs, and bide our time
as patiently as may be.
Tbe Triumph of Radicalism.
The more conservative papers of the
North are making many efforts to explain
the terrible defeat of the Administration
candidates in Maine. These explanations
may be very satisfactory to themselves, but
generally they are not calculated to warrant
much hope with the Southern people as to
the ultimate success of the President's gen
erous and conciliatory policy of restoration,
or are they of a character to strengthen the
confidence and good feeling we had hoped
was successfully inaugurated at Philadel
phia last month. It is alleged that this re
markable election turned more npon the
exciting political events of the day than
upon the exact political issues presented
between the Southern restoration policy of
President Johnson and the reconstruction
policy of Congress. The deplorable trage
dy recently enacted at New New Orleans is
held out as the most prominent of the ex
citing causes which have resulted in the un
precedented defeat of the democrats and
conservative republicans in Maine.
While they justly hold the abolition rad
icals of that city as guilty of foment
ing the New Orleans riots, the fact that
Southern whites and negroes sympathizing
with the Northern radical party were killed
by municipal officers and other citizens,
who happened to have been Confederate
soldiers or conspicious in their sympathies
for Confederate success, in an honest dis
charge of some duties or obeying the
promptings of nature's first law of self-defence,
is eagerly seized upon as furnishing
indubitable evidence that what they are
pleased to term "the ruffianly elements"
which had so much to do in precipitating
the Southern States into the abyss of the
late war, are again at their diabolical work;
and that the generous, and acceptable res
toration policy of the President in being
turned into contempt by Southern despera
does and vagabonds, here and there, play
ing into the hands of Northern radicals and
fanatics.
Such, ridiculous twaddle may . do well
enough to bolster up the courage of the
battling conservatives of the Middle and
Western States, but we cannot believe that
even those who give them utterance believe
what they say, - or that iho reconciliation
necessary to re-unite this country again
into a great, prosperous and common gov
ernment is based'upon foundations so un
reliable and uncertain, as to be destroyed,
or even checked by such ex parte statements
of the results of a disturbance as unfortu
nate as its occurrence is regreted by the
good people of New Orleans.
A body of men assembling at an unneces-
sary time, and in a revolutionary manner,
claiming to be legally constituted, with the
highest functions, with power to change
the organic laws &t Jthe State, meet in the
city of New Orleans, and fceor e any at
tempt is made to interfere with them they
fortify themselves behind a large force of
organized and armed negroes, who parade
the streets of the city with insulting ges
tures and impudent speech, made more in
suiting and impudent by the excitement of
the occasion and emboldened by armed or
ganization. When the riot was imminent,
but before any disturbance had actually oc
curred, Lieutenant Governor Voorhees and
Mayor Monroe appealed to General Baird,
the Federal commander, for troops to sup
press the impending riot, Trat without SUC-
CeSS. '.' . " ... '. , j 7; V ....
There was no afisiim fit fh.e right of
these men ;to assemble togetiie? jto flscuss
political matters, but the fundamental law
of the State was involved. When Louisi
ana, through the action of this illegal and
revolutionary body, found herself bound
hand and foot by such political appliances
as have destroyed republican governments
in Maryland and - Tennessee, and to this
day makes murder and arson an every
day occurrence in Missouri, and converts
her temples of religion into theatres of po
litical tyranies, and the Courts of Justice
into instruments of party hate &4 pros
cription, it would then be too late to tlk
of appealing to higher authority, .and bee
f ore such power their illegal acts would fa
to the ground. The exampUs are (too nu
merous during the stirring events through
which we ' have been passing daring thd
last few years and are stall passing, of law
and constitutions giving away before the
convenient plea of necessity, bacbed by the
strong arm of power, and, the SouthJaad
suffered too much already by the enforce
ment of laws which bad ha foundation bat
might, for any considerations of that char
acter to have swayed their judgment
J The . peoplex. of . New iQrleans did only
what others would do, and only what was
necessary for their self-protection, and it
is useless for the Conservative people of
the. North to found ( the , reason . of their
defeat in the natural conduct of these
men," If capital ' iff" to be - manufactured
against; the people of the South, and the
policy of the President in the fact of their
resorting to extreme measures in self-defence,
bur political destiny is settled, for a
few unprincipled tools of the radical party
can, at any time, and almost in any com
munity of the South incite the negro pop
ulation to acts that will require prompt and
vigorous means to prevent. . Ignorant of the
best means to secure their own welfare, it
is most natural that they should follow
blindly the lead of those to whom they arc
indebted for their liberty, little supposing
they would be offered as sacrifices for party
success or for party hate.
If the President's policy is defeated in the
Fall election, let it be placed rather to the
vindictive spirit of the Northern people
than to any conduct on the part of the
South to warrant it. We have, as a people,
obeyed the laws, been faithful to our oaths,
devoted ourselves zealously to rebuilding
our fortunes, and periormed our unties as
citizens with honest hearts and with hon
est purposes.
National Polities.
The condition of national politicsis indeed
complicated, and no effort on our part can
do aught to give a healthy tone to the results
of the issues already joined, although we are
more directly affected than any other peo
ple. Whether the political capital manu
factured against the South by a partizan
Use of the New Orleans riot, or bad man
agement on the part of the Conservatives,
caused the result in Maine, we are not sat
isfied. But the fact that we hear so much
of the Maine election and so little of that
in Vermont, in the latter the Radicals losing
more than they gained in the former, and
nothing said of several minor but important
local elections favorable to the Administra
tion would make it appear as if more energy
and enthusiasm characterized the canvass
on the part of the Radicals than on the
part of the Conservatives.
The proceedings of the Mulatto Conven
tion and the political pilgrimage of some of
the more noted of the Southern dele
gates to the North the official and bloody
programme laid down by the Head Centre
of the party at Bedford, Pennsylvania, in
his recent speech the complete somer
sault of the New York Herald ; and,
withal, the result of the Maine
elections give abundant evidence
of the resolution pf the Radicals, and fur
nish much ground for their present high
hopes of complete success. Yet the recent
speeches of the President prove also his un
yielding inflexibility. While the general
enthusiasm which usually marked his re
ceptions the harmony with which the
Democrats and Conservative Republicans
are uniting and preparing for the approach
ing elections in the Middle and Northwes
tern States the distinguished body o
Federal soldiers now assembled in conven
tion in perfect accord with the policy of the
President theremarkable political sagacity
and universal success which has ever char
acterized the history of Mr. Johnson as
public man and, withal, the very hopefu.
tone pf the public men, and the press, in
those States where . the contest is about to
ensue, gives much reason to hops that the
destinies of the country may be wrenched
from the bands of those who are directing
it to rapid and irrevocable destruction.
It may be useless may probably be un
wise for the couth to utter a word to eu-
courage her friends who are about to join
battle in her behalf and for the good of the
common country, but it is barely
possible that we cau in silence wit-
ness a contest, in the result of which we
feel and have a greater interest than the
combatants themselves. More especially
is this difficult to do, when recruits are' ad
ded to the force of the Radicals, by false
representations of the feeling and conduct of
our people. Already the near approach of
the deciding elections begins to agitate the
Southern pulse, and we fear, we notice, on
the part of a portion of the press, an un
manly nervousness in view of an unfavor"
able result If when the strife is over, and
the firround is still held by the forces of
Radicalism, our duty in the future as it has
been in the past, is plain; Experience has
certainly taught us that nothing is to be
made by attempting to appease the hatred
of oil j enemies by placing upon our statute
books, thjeur pef at loua and ' unppnstjtu tjona
demands. .If ..we. are. compelled., jto' do bo,
let it be done as behooves good citizens, by
yielding obedience, honesi if unwilling, to
law, rather thau again from policy appear
to embrace what in our hearts we despise,
At least, so far as the history of the late
wap and jts termination affect our Constitu
tion. and laws, let nop th'a.Eaered record,
which tells of our defeat, establish also our
degredation.
Internal Improvements.
The internal improvements of our State
progress very slowly, from the simple fact
that the resources of the people have been
exjauated yfhelate destructive warfare
wage, upon" offrn so)(, jd gjroapfng
under the burden of taxes imposed upofi
them they are unable 1 to gain scarcely
more than a sustenance. We have many
improvements wjhip our borders which
yet remain uncomplete, flying prinpfp&Jly
to the causes enumerated above. . - The
importance of their completion is evident to
the mind of every sound reasoning man,
and strenuous exertions should be made to
carry on the work. ,
'.' T&e condition of the number of railroads
jn active operation ; prjpr to the .war, has
een mainauy jmproyea, and can put re
flect .credit upon- the officials of those vari-
oos corporations throughout the Sate, for
tha cnerprise, industry aid perseverance
manffftrtfvi ixnortajjon of freight
by the addition of new machinery ami rJJ-
ing stock which the roads hare lately ob-
tained. is rendered no loncrer difficult, and
shipments made are speedily delivered at
the point of destination.
' We have vii
ture, if not the victims ol ;furer persecrij
tion, and on ce reobyere( Iromthe shockex-?
nerienced bv oiir recent unsuccessful strus'-
i - m.
gle, our improvements will progress, which
B ' 1 , j, .,
progress will not only extend to those meas
ures already instituted,, but to the inaugu
ration'of new ones fraught with more bene
ficial results than we are aware of. Our
people being ret arded and impe ded in their
progress thus long, will pursue their course
with more; earnestness and vigor when once
allowed to give free scope to their industry,
and the channel of trade which has so long
remained dammed up, will prove irresista
ble, when means and opportunities are ob
tained for extending its course.
' County Bridges.
The measures adopted 'by "the County
Court, during its recent session, for the re
pair and reconstruction of such bridges
within the county as have been damaged or
totally destroyed,are both judicious and ne
cessary. The inconvenience which the residents of
the county have been subjected to by the
destruction of those bridges, has been se
riously felt, and their communication with
their neighbors seriously interrupted
On the withdrawal of the Confederate
forces from this county, those bridges were
destroyed, in some instances by the ConT
federates, and in others by the Federa
forces. It was a result attendant upon war,
but the labor of reconstructing them is as
sumed by the good citizens of our county
with scarcely a murmur.
We hope that when these bridges are
once more erected, the mail facilities of this
section will be much enhanced, and will
extend to portions of the county, with which
there has been no reerular communication
by mail since the close of the war.
The Atonement.
Wednesdav the business houses of our
Jewish fellow-citizens were closed, it being
he annual day of Atonement. The day is cel
ebrated all over the Globe in accordance
with the divine command contained in Le
viticus, chapter XXIII.
And the Lord spake unto Moses saying
Also, on the 10th day of this seventh
month there shall be a day of Atonement ;
it shall be an holy convocation unto you ;
and ye shall afflict your souls and offer an
offering made by fire unto the .Lord.
And ye shall do no wont m that same
day ; for it is a day of atonement, to make
atonement for you before the Lord your
God.
For whatsover it be, that shall not be af
flicted on that same day, he shall be cut off
from among his people.
And whatsoever soul it be, that doeth
any work in that same day, the same soul
will I destroy from among his people.
You shall do no manner of work ; it shall
be a statute forever throughout your gene
rations, in all your dwellings.
It shall be unto you a Sabbath of rest,
and ye shall afflict your souls in the ninth
day of the month, at even, from even unto
even, shall ye celebrate your Sabbath.
As the name indicates, it is a day of
atonement and contrition, and wherever
it is strictly observed, in the spirit of the
law. its moral effects arc incalculable. No
enmity, however great, is permitted to out
live that day, every wrong, after it has been
atoned for, is to be forgiven and forgotten,
for only with good will towards all mankind,
shall man be permitted to approach the
throne of the Almighty, and to ask for
giveness for his sins.
Divine service is kept up during the en
tire day and the ceremonies observed are
grand and imposing. .
This annual festival begun on the even
ing of e lgth und concluded n the even
ing of the 19th. Speaking of it the Jewish
Messenger says :
It is a period so solemn and so ri;id, involving
abstinenco from food or drink for fiul twenty-four
hours a time so heart-stirring and so oul-&earch-ing
to every member of the house of Israel it has
such a lirui hold on the inind of every Jew, be he
lax in his religious duties, or strict in hia ideas of
responsibility to Heaven, that it may well be
termed, as it undoubtedly is, a JJiviue institu
tion.
Phoceemngs of rax Gousii' CouKT. From the
procedings of the County Court, in v tion at this
place during tbe past week, we take the following
from among the most important :
The committee appointed At the March term of
the Court, to contract for the building of a bridge
over Long Creek, having reported that the person
witbhom the contract madvj had fihUled a
tlje pond'ttons expresseq therein, the County
Trusteo was ordered to pay over into his hands
$550, the sum agreed to be paid for the fulfill
ment of said contract.
The Committeo appointed to contract for the
erection of a bridge over Sills Creek, having re
ported in like manner and form as above, the
Couu'ty Trustee was ordered to pay into the hands
of the person who bad fulfilled tho contract, the
sum of $265.
Ordered by the Court that the Solicitor of the
County with Dr. J. F. Simpson, Owen Feunel and
Jas. P. Moore, be a committeo to investigate the
question as to the Ferry or Bridge over the North
East Branch of the Cape Fear River, near Hlto'i,
fthej&ertue am ia a j.apliy Ijerry ui bridge, and
if so to'siibmit for the consideration of the Court
the most suitable plan for providing for the con
venience of the citizens of the county desiring to
pass at the point indicated.
Committees were also appointed to contract for
the repair or reconstruction of the following
bridges : Bannerman's Bridge, Union : Bridge.
Newkirk'a Bridge, the Bridge over Hamilton
preek, thp Bridge pvej- Green's Mill Pond, and I4k
U& Bridge, :
The following gentlemen were chosen a commit
tee of Finance, duriDg the ensuing year :
John A. Taylob, Stephen D. Wallace,
John A. Sanders.
Ordered, by the Court, that the Chairman of this
Court, with N. N. Nixon and O. G. Parsley, be ap
pointed a committee in behalf of this County, to
submit to the Court at its next term, or at any
ajk4 sejjsjjjp, thii derails oi tftttap . appropriate
plan for porrowing on the' faith of the County, a
stun not exceeding $20,000, under the provisions of
the Ordinance of the Convention, entitled " An Ordi
nance to empower- certain Counties to borrow
money in certain cases, and for other purposes,
ratified the 24th day of June, 1866, for the purpose
of establishins ft suitable Work Hpuae f-artheuaa
of the'County. " " ' ; " '' i
The following appropriations were made, and
the County Trustee Ordered to pay the Bame out
of any money in his hands belonging to the coun-
:y : To the Clerk of the County Court for extra
compensation in making out the tax list for 1866,
$100 ; to Jno. C, Wood and Jno. J. Conoley, $50
each, for taking the tax list for Wilmington Dig.
?t for tho year 18G6 ; to Cmmty JwftXft tor tak-
jog lists,; $10 each,' and, the 'same milage allow
ed jotorV; WtW'calrman of the Court $JO0 per
week, while holdtagCx&ri ; to Hi A. Bagg.'fclerk
of the Superior Court, for repairs and fixtures in
his office, $200 ; to F. D. Poiseon, Clerk and Has.
per n Equity, for repairs and fixtures in his office:
'c Albert Croom, freedman,' convicted of Larceny1,
was sentenced to receive thirty-nine lashes on
bare back, and pay tha costs of jthe, prosecution. j
waa isenteijed j& receive! fifteen lashes on his barp
back, and recognized 13 he jnjin of - $100, fcr . bis
appearance, at tti next term thfeCouHj $ti
fliitcneu aioody, rreeamaDyanavaH. JHccanjay,-
1 white, convicted of Larceny, were sentenced by
-t it. v. i
the Court to receive fifteen lashts, each, on their
bare backs, and be committed until fines and costs
arepaid.; - r ? '
'" Judgement Vas suspended by the Court on va
rious freedmen convicted of Larceny, on payment
of costs. . . !
New Cotton iu Baltimore ' !" 1
" We learn, from the Baltimore, &un that
the first hle of the new, crop, of ; cotton
reach etl Baltimore last week by the. steam
ship Ellie Knight from this city. It was
shipped by Messrs. AUcinsoh & Sheppei-soh,
and consigned to Messrs. John S.. Berry &
Co, y of Baltimore;- - The cotton is . repre
sented as being a very fine article. -
It will be noticed that the first bale of
cotton -received - both at Philadelphia and
Baltimore, was from this port, while we
were but a fyw days behind at Kcw York,
the first bals having been received there
from New Orleans, ! but a f ew days before
one reached that city from Wilmington.
This not only speaks well for the energy
and success of our planters and business
men, but gives gratifying evidence of the
facilities of our communication with the
Northern cities.
. Correspondence. ...
Wilmington, N. C., )
New Hanoveb, Co., Sept. 12th, .180(5. - J
Col. Edwakd D. Hall :
Deak Sib : We have tho honor to inform you
that a large meeting of the citizens of this Coun
ty was held last evening, for the purpose of Domi
nating candidates for the next General Assembly.
That meeting, we are happy to say, waa harmo
nious, and manifested a single purpose to select
the best men for representatives. In that spirit
you were unanimously recommended by the Com
mittee on nominations as a candidate for the Sen
ate, and their report was adopted by tlin meeting
without a dissenting voice. As a Committee, ap
pointed for the purpose, we earnestly request you,
in the name of tha citizens of the county, to ac
cept the nomination, and as individuals we beg to
add our personal solicitations.
With much respect,
Your ob't serv'ts,
8. S. SATCHWELL,
SAM'L. J. PERSON,
A. L. PHICK
Messrs. 8. S. Sctckwell, Sam'l J. Person and A.
L. Price : , . '
Gentlemen : Your flattering note of the 12th
September, conveys to me the information that
1 had been unanimously recommended in a large
public meeting as a fit representative of New Han
over county, in the Senate of the next General
Assembly of North Carolina, has been received
and precludes the possibility of objection on my
part.
If the recommendation of that meeting should
be ratified on the 31 Thursday in October, I will
promise to devote whatever of ability I may pos
sess to iaithnuJy represent tne sentiments ot tho
people of New Hanover county, irrespective of
party. With the highest regard,
1 am, uenuemen,
Yours respecti'ullv,
E." D. HALL.
Similar letters were addressed to Messrs. Cow
an and McClammy, who were also unanimously
Bfilor-.f frl fnr er.nfsi in tlif TTmtsp nf flnnimnna T1
ilie
following are their replies :
Wilmington', N. C, Sept. 13th, 1S3(!.
Gentlemen : I have the honor to acknowledre
the receipt of your letter of the 13th inst., infor
ming mo or my nomination " as a candidate for
the House of Commons," from thit County.
I- as perfectly sincere in the card which I pub
lished previous to the meeting of the Convention,
declining to become a candidate for re-election,
for there are important reasons why I should re
main in Wilmington during the coming winter,
and I deeplv regret that the choice of tho Conven
tion did not fall npon someone rise. But, as I
acknowledge the right of the comity, at a tinio
like this, to command the services of her .citizens.
can not retuse mine. 1 will, theiciorc, accept
the nomination, and if elected, do what I can to
promote her interests, and those of the State.
1 beg to return niv thanks to the meetuur for
the confidence which they have reposed in me,
and to you, gentlemen, for the terms of your note.
With great respect, . . ...
. . Your must obedient servant,
KOBT H. COWAN.
Messrs. y. Patchwkll, S. .T. Tekson, A. L.
Price. ...
Scott's Hi Lf., N. 0., Sept. 14th, imi.
3r.ss. ,S. Sak-kiffll,- a, Ji Person., A. A. Price.:
iKN'Ti.teMEN : Your note of the 12ih, informing
me of my nomination as a candidate for the House
of Commons by a public meeting of the citizens of
the county, has been received. Wlnje.l regret
that the selection had not fallen on some onenioro
competent than myself, nevertheless, I shall
cheerfully abide tho decision of the. citizens of
the countv.
Please accept my t hanks for the flattering man
ner ;n wiueh you expressed the wishes 'of the
meeting. With sentiments of high regard,
lour obedient servant,
: . C, W, McCLAMMY, Jr.
For the Journal.
Cultivation of the Grape and Wine-Making
in North, Carolina.
No. 5.
Messrs. Editors
I will continue theso papers by resuming
the subject of pruning the:Hcuppernong.
I stnte that had never seen it practised,
and yet we made largo crops of grapes, and
of excellent quality; without pinning our
vines. I do not think tho flavor of the
fruit could be improved by the most skilful
use of the knife, nor by any refinements
on the present mode of culture. Yet, be
ing without any actual experience on this
head, I merely give this as my opinion,
which may, or may not be correct. One
thing is certain, it will require only a few
years of experiment,: carefully conducted,
to put that question at rest. Another point,
and one upon which European and Ameri
can wine growers in other sections lay much
stress, is exposure. Np, &o iar "as my ob
servation rnd experience warrant me in
saying, all that I have found requisite for
the Scuppernong to produce a first quality
of fruit, is a dry, sandy and open soil.
Its native reon is a level country it has
been found to flourish well in situations of
that kind ; and all that I. deem, important
as to exposure, or situation, suitable for a
ouuppernong vineyara, is tnat , it e&auld
O n ... . .. -.T1.
snea water freely, as fcsfc as it falls
Upoa aw i-ne . vine ; does not produce
grapes-: ot the best flavor . in a stiff
wet soil : and, indeed.- if it did. it wonld
form an , anomaly among: wine tnanes. all
of which require either a naturallv drv. nr
ti&e a uramw soil to pring . tneir fruit to
penection. xet tnose who know the coun
try I am treating of will acree that hills
were not much used in finishing off Eastern
North Carolina :and I conclude. tberefnrf
just such a level ; cqiuici v. arid ' a soil
SttS(4euWy dvy, where , nature; first placed
thisf .vine, is jail it demands tonerfpt. it
fruit,. The higher nortions of nnr sr.nrtrl
regions, bluff banks along our rivers, a the
Tar, Neuse, ' Roanoke and Cape Fear or
ioic more eievatea pine country, even those
unfortunate "pine barrens," I would prqj
nounce mosUhgible pites( for Scuppernong
Weywdf; Certainly, a Vineyard in most
of sach situations might require some fer
tilizer to help it, of one or; the pther kind
before aUuded to.,, feat then, let me ask
what European . vineyard, whether on the
' or 111 vine districts of Burgundy
or Champagne, does not receive its annual
Supply Of bone dust. Or snnArnTinsnnAfp or
some (other calcareous manure., 'In most of
the
cotjntry' atot'io' the Scuppernong,
rl or sea-sTiMTfi' WW t
mar
Ple :' and, as I hav a rn.bAvA nhMnrpd n n. hot
ter manure 'for the ' Scuppernong can : be
found than these1 1 last tmrnert -f ffrtibViara '
Even in this generally flat country, bills may
b; found s of considerable elevation, quite
sumcient, at any-rate, td afford a sub-soil 1
tuttweuj ana at zor a vmeyara;
-rrru
. The j a
Cape Feumishes, . along its banks,'man
such elevated eituatibnfcnd so, I presume! your.barrel, before it has dried of the srml
do the Neuse,- TarXRoaifoke. Chowan and ! int- voi
the vher,Iiver! of j these parts And if ex
perienc should demonstrate these to be thj
most elisriblS sibes idr ; vinevards. I am snrA
this section tan afford a sufficiency of theni
rrrrTf :r:r ,
umcx wcii-uiomv-u ouwu us uttu uu liiui
in fttiT nnantitv throuffhont fhA Enatpni
counties, is elevated enough for a Scupper
. -1 U w "
nohg vineyard, which my own experience
in. this matter enables me confidently to asi
l .1 .i -i. i t. " JLii v ;
sert, uiiu wiiiuu aimusnctcij' vuu a uuterva
tion will confirm,"" then"nature- has- been
specially kind to- North Carolina in confer
ring upon her' the' gift; of a grape of rare
excellence, and supplying a soil suited to
its production to- an almost unlimited, ex
tent. ; Further, beyond - the bouiidrieswof
the State, both North and South, in. all that
sandy country southward tb near Florida,
and northward at least as far up as the lati
tude of Richmond, can be found locations
in abundance adapted to the: cultiva
tion of Scuppernong vineyards. It is
useless to enlarge further on this ficint ;
for any one at all acquainted' with the
region of country under consideration
is well awaro that a proper soil and climate
can be had to almost any extent desired
enough ai least, to furnish wine of this
grape suflicient to supply . the '.demand of
all North America, and I care hot how much
of Europe besides. Thus much' as" to 'soil,
climate, manures and mode of cultivating
your Scuppernong vineyards. In" my next
I wish to detail the process of making wine,
and direct attention in particular to' "its ef
fervescing qualities, which, .will eventually
designate the 'Scuppernong as ' the Cham
pagne grape of this continent. And' if all
these rare qualities, found combined in
one grape, ana that grape constituting our
principal fruit throughout.' all this section,
do not offer inducements to' 'cultivate it ex
tensively, or as Dr. Jackson above quoted
says : " for planting vineyards of this vine,
and manufacturing the wine on a large
scale," I confess I know of. nothing that can
be urged which would have that effect.
Then one of naturo's choicest gifts for our
advantage, will be contemned and neglected-
... ..
Your ob't serv't,
A. J. BUTNE1L
Whiteville, N. C. . ... ':
Cultivation oft he Grape and "VVIneOIaking
in Xorth Carolina. .....
IVo. O.
Messrs. Editors :
In my last communication I stated that I
would next describe the process cf making
wine, and also alluded to the fact that the
Scuppernong lias a natural tendency to ef
fervesce. And this tendency is not a mat
ter of theory or inference, but a character
istic of it, which I have convinced myself
of by repeated experiments. Indeed. I
have made bottles of sparkling Scupper
nong which, as effervescing wine, were pro
nounced equal to any thing produced in
France, or elsewhere. Owing, perhaps,; to
unskillfulness or inexperience in the man
agement of the wine, much of it" was loftt
by its bursting the bottles. But the result
was such as to warrant the conclusion that
the expertness and fiill of a practiced
champagne-maker were all that wasrenuisite
ito insure a sparkling wine of the first
J iuahty,
I have not undertaken the experiment
on a large scale since, as I could not afford
tho loss of 33 J per cent., of - my wine, and
then obtain an article not properly cleared
of dregs, and therefore not capable of trans
portation. The same grape will yield a still
wine of the bett quality. When this has
become old, and thus acquired mellowness
and color, I think you may risk a compari
son with any wine I know of. ' And now
for the process of making it : "'
First, pick your grapes" fully "ripened,
and suffer none but such to enter your wine
press. Let me insist upon it, that you at-
A. l 1 1 - li a 1 .1 ...... .
ienu i,o mis matter wnn tho strictest care.
The more thoroughly ripened your fruit,
the better it will be for your purpose." As
to that piece of foppery, about detecting
tho introduction of 'A or ii or even half a dozen
unripe grapes in a barrel of wine, (at. any
rate of ftciupperiiong wine,) I think it Kiln
ply a rediculons pretence. Yet,, be assured
of the fai-t, that green grapes do not yield
a rich juice suitable for a lino wine, .any
more than unripe apples will make a cider
of good bony and flavor. Therefore let
me repeat, have none but fully matured
grapes brougut to your wine-press. ' Mash
your fruit with a roller-machine, or any
other contrivance made of u-ood, which does
not crns-h the seeds, press out tho 'iuice. and
add from 1 J to 2 lbs. of good loaf sugar per
gallon to the must immediately, and you
will have a luscious, sweet wine, warranted
to keep in any climate, and if you are'reso
lute enough to make tho experiment, for
any number of years. The matter of using
sugar I do not, by any means, consider tbe
perfection of wirio making; for : grr.pe
brandy would, and does answer the pur
ls well, and I do not doubt
makes a wine of superior flavor, as,
in that case. no foreign tnstr . hn
been added to the juice, which cane
sugar invariably, to some slight degree,
must do. But without either
brandy, I have not, thus far, been able to
make a palatable wine. With proper man
agement, I do not hesitate to say, I think
a less quantity of sugar would save your
wine, but how much less, lam unable, from
any experience of my own, to determine.
I know that a good and sufficiently strong
wine may be... made with 1J lbs. of sugar,
and I am not prepared to pay but even less
than that will eventually be found to an
swer the purpose.. However, this is a mat
ter for investigation in the wine-makers' pro
fession, sad. one that can be satisfactorily
decided only by a series of scientific nn,l
intelligently conducted experiments. Such
will nnally be made, and. the result will be.
that we shall deliver a wim rnndo i.fmif
Scuppernong grape, equal' to -the choicest
brands of sweet wines senv to this -ormfrv
from Hungary, Spain Oi Italy. That a grape
so rich m aroma., and in all' the qualities
which constitute a lirst rate wine, when ful
ly matured, and the inice nronerlv trentod
'should not turn out a superb article is im
possible ; for there is ample experience to
prove it. Yet, whether sugar, or brandy
made of the Scuppernong itself should
be added to tho in us, experience alone
can decide. However, permit me to
add a slight hint of what may
be done. Suppose you take the juice or
must, as it is called, turn it into krgo, oak
en fermenting tuns, and rpysfc as yon discover
tatthe;yeast,7hichwill float on tho top
of the pior, begins to separate and crack
up previous to precipitating, yon draw off
juux new wine, ana put it into clean, fumi
gated casks, adding a small portion of good
Scuppernong brandy ; and would not this
process furnish a wine richlv fiavrl
the aroma of the grape, end of sufficient
sweetness, without tha introduction of any
sngar at all This, I am sure, can bo dnnA
and if some one who may chance to read
this article, would favor us with the items
of the process necessary for a successful ex
periment, he vould render no small
to the public. As I am upon the subject of
managing tho must as it comes frou the
press, let me say a word about th'A'hampj
suitable for its reception to ferment in, and
for finishing vour wine. Thev musiht'nf
?aki hopped witfi wood, and if possible, no
iron should ever be nut round them.' ,Th
new barrel should bo well - soaked in water
for some days, feven a week or morel
to using it, in order to. destroy the oaky
taste of the wood, and afterwards furx4gatad
with a sulphur match, which ia tlrma ma To
Take a strip of cloth about' an' inh rt-nrl n. I
1, 1f : i " : j. j i ,
half wide and ran it through a ladle full
of .melted roU-sulpher ; cut it into sizes of
n , , ' - oa
fingei's length, and witha w oxeplit
will counteract all tendency in your new
' wine tdacetoU4 Dr.ivinegar : fermentation
nnd never in iha un,( r i n n'
"you? tvi'n'6. Ahd whenever You 'rock off vn,,t
4 M"w.."owui8 or.ol one, that
. nave oeenaiu, useD&ioro,. thev should 1
f-
thus treated, . In ahorty whenever you chanp o
i id tY "- wwei Alicia, iet tnem al
ways bei treated as above described. ' I have
been somewhat particular ppou this subjec t,
bdt its importance to.. the wine-maker will
be sufficient apology..
Y?yectf;y. , , ..
m'4r,ob.t.serY 7,.,
A. J..BUTNEK
Whiteville, N. C,
Cultivation or the Grope anitWlne-Makln"
no. 7,
3fessrs. EdiidHi ' L '""
In my last 'number I gave the process of
making wine, and put' it into barrel aft-r
suitable preparation by sulphuring. I M jn
now proceed to tho further treatment of tho
wine. ;
In-" the- ncxt-i5prirHr after it boa t,.
laid rlnwn in vnin- 11it ltsi r. .
dispensable to tho wine-hlaker,) say on som
clear, bracing day in January, rack it off
into barrels, previously fomigated as above
described." Do not pour the dregs into
your 'hew barrel,' as your object now is to
clear and fine your., wines. Therefore as
as soon as you observe the wine you arc
racking off becoming turbid, stop drawing
l-il! tho lirtrvol tfll ... 11. . 1 .
keep it full to that point all tho eusuin"
summer, auoui the time the Scupporuon
vine puts out its leaves, and the vann
xveather of' spring has set in, you will .,!,.
serve a new fermentation in your wine hv.-t
crackling and slightly hissing sound in t!;!
barrel. This need not alarm or ssurpri',.
you ; for it takes place with all new wines
and not only does them no injury, I mi
tends to. perfect- and mellow them during
the coming summer. ' You . may even
detect ; another ' fermentation tin
spring after "this all 6f which i
perfectly natural,. and results in maturiii-.r
and strengthening your wine a most im
portant item before you throw the wim
into market. ' Hbwever, this second for
mentation will subside in a very short tiiu.-.
when tii o wine will become quiet, and coin
mencc perceptibly to improve in flavor :u
color. lrour cellar, all the time, should In
dry and, as sweet as lime and cleanlim ;,s
can render it. And here let mo obsenv.
once more, that without having a cellar. tL-wine-maker
has not supplied himself with
the requisites' for his business. I stated i-i
a previous paper, and may, perhaps, he in
dulged in a little repetition, as my object i
to have wine-properly made, that l,y tin
additionpf . ,ugar in the quantities uhoc
given, a superior, and yciy sweet Scupper
nong could be produced, and also, that, by
adding a small per: cent, of brandy, tli
same end might be attained ; and that this
last .appeared ..to mo to be tho prelerubl.
method,, for. the reason that in this v.ny n-.
foreign flavor would he added to the wine,
and no taste but that of Scujpcrnong grapes
would ever be detected in it. But let me
beseech you, and till wine-makers, as yon
respect your duty toward ono of th
choicest favors of Providence, do not mur
der your juice by the introduction of apple
brandy or miserable bourbon orcorn whisk v.
It is this last horrible outrage, that has
deteriorated the.qualities of our generous
Scuppernong, and caused it to be ' ' eril
ken of"; and I hero enter against it, eve),
more, my most sclem protest and denuncia
tion. If you nso spirits of any sort, let it
bo Brandy made out of the pomace of Scup
pernong . grapes, after you have done with
them at the press, and which can be usd
most profitably for that
purpose.
Th
(".
tav . "uuiu muss uu iuiu iiocsjeau.s. or it
T. . ..1. -.IV. . . 1 i ii
In
uumuci ui . uuiTBid uimeniicii, ana altera
time, all the juice they contain will collect
at the bottom, and may T6 easily drawn oil.
iieii ic nas lermcntea , to the proper de
gree, distill it carefully, as you would cider,
or upple-pomace, and you will obtain a
Brandy With the Scuppernong flavor. whivU
age will' render equal to any rrane lirati'V,
you have ever sampled. Add this h vmii
new wine, before it has gone into fcriiii i;
tationthat is, jas soonas it comes from i:u
press, m. sucu quantity as exi)erieuce
demonstrate to be sufficient, and you can
certainly maktva still Scuppernong to which
age will . give an. aroma not surpassed bv'1
that of any other wine. Nor will it re
quire a .very large addition of brandy
to check the fermentation of your vino.
so as to keep it sweet, and turn out a
, i.i -i I t . ...
nueijr-iiiivoreti ana luscious article. -I
Cannot but believe this will be the pro
cess finally adopted to obtain sweet Scup
pernong wine of the still kind, and of the
finest flavor.' For sparkling wine, Miar
must be added, as it is iu tho manufacture
of French Champagne. Indeed, if wine
sugared as heretofore directed, be bottled
in the Spring after it is made and laid down,
on the side so that none of the gas can c
cape, it will ; effervesce whenever i is
opened. - - - -.
But tho proper treatment of i:is last
kind of wino in the bottle, viz ; to clear it
of the dregs precipitated duriaar its fermen
tation, will demand the skill and nice man
ipulation of a trained Champagn - niaVr.
And when vineyards have been planted i '
a large scale, as I trust they will be :
long, Ice is the operator who .will have to 1
introduced, or your Champagne will pr
hably always hold sediment in tho bottle,
and thus become muddy daring transporta
tion to market.' Such skill as his will )
required to clear the wino in your bottle 1 1
discharging the loes according to a preev
well understood in all Cham
It is useless to, detail the mode of treatment
in these papers ; all I would impress iu
iuu manuiaciurer ot sjarkling Scuppfi1
nong is this, to get a practised Frei' '
man .into his cellar, and commit ti
management of that kind of wine to hi a.
If the vineyard be an extensive one. :.s h
ought to be, he will be well able tw t-der
go the expense, and thus have his work
done to perfection.
Finally this will, of course, ho doi.
and then we shall drink sparkling wi'.v
from our own cellars, made of i '
grape juice.aud shall find a nu'i
among th appreciative all over t: x
wide extent of this country, and j ri;;'i'
coiapete; in other" markets with wlmteur
tho' Champagne districts of Fraix c, r an
other part of Europe may deliver as tliei1
finest products in that line. This
perhaps', ; seem to ho an 'cxtravajraut i-u
gium ; but nevertheless time, and e.
ence will prove it true. I have now nco
plished all I intended in these avte i
1 m ...
Aave snown where, and how to punt ve u
Scuppernong Vineyard, and tlve uuwy
ment of it.; how to make good wine-. I" '; '
still and sparkling; and this done, niv -'
is completed. Of course, it is not m i
power more than to convince any on; $vi;
it may be profitable to embark in tin l-i-ness.
But if a ' faithful account of tin
whole art Of wine-makine. and its mn' r
tanee in a pecuniary noint of view, can stO-
y any stimulus, I ehall be nblo to
that I have contributed my share towa""
encouraging so important a branch of in
dustry in North Carolina. And with tlnj
conviction, I hero close theso papers, and
subscribe myself, once more,.
. lour ob t serv't,
- . . A .T lUTTNKi:
WhitevilleN. C.
. A WojiDEKFun Aotjiai.. A western pr
publishes the following notice :
.'all over white pne leg was. black and lin
; his body-all persons ahal! receive five dol-
"Jjose or straae irom tho scriber a s-un
xjuo uvuv au persons prm.if receive u'
!htohriflSfe' ftphe goat