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THE WILMINGTON JOURNAL.
WILMINGTON, N. G.
THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 15, 1866.
The South and the Recent Elections.
The elections at the North for the For
tieth Congress, with a few insignificant ex
ceptions, have now been held and the polit
ical complexion of that body decided. The
people of that section have declared against
the policy of the President and in favor of
that of Congress, by majorities sufficient to
control the veto of the Executive. The de
cision lasts for two years from the 4th of
March next, which is to the expiration
of the term for which President Johnson
was elected. It is settled, therefore, so far
as he is concerned, that the policy of his
administration for the reconstruction of the
Union will not be adopted during his term
of office, and scenes itnd sentiments similar
to those of the last session of Congress, en
dorsed as that body has been by the ap
proval of the Northern people, will run riot
during the approaching session.
The people of the South have for some
time been prepared for this result, and its
accomplishment has not added to the gen
eral gloom and apathy. In fact, before
these Northern elections, a great despon
dency existed in regard to national politics,
which the result has only strengthened.
"We have long been satisfied that the mis
rule and tyranny of the past two years
would be continued, and that our section
mustyetlonger languish under the influence
of hostile legislation, gross misrepresenta
tion, and hurtful suspense ; the energies of
our people paralyzed, capital excluded and
immigration turned away by the unpropi
tious prospects and political uncertainty
which hang over us.
The very early meeting of Congress will
end any suspense the South may feel in
regard to the future policy o tho Radicals.
The character and temper of their proceed
ings will display the courage given to the
members by the late elections, which Mr.
Stevens declared they required to meet the
expectations of the people. We do not
know whether their first attack will be di
rected at the South or the President. As
their efforts will be powerless to pursue us
beyond the limits of the Constitution so
long as tho President is true to the obliga
tions of his office so long as ho is ac
knowledged as the executive, his amnesty
proclamations and special pardons must
stand between us and their mad designs,
in all probability their first attempt may
be against him. We are satisfied, even if
more conciliatory councils prevail than
those threatened by the leaders of the par
ty towards the President, his difficulties
will be much multiplied and his best efforts
in behalf of the country will be utterly
powerless for good.
There ar9 twenty-seven States at present
represented in Congress, one less than
enough to ratify the proposed Constitu
tional amendment, without the aid of any
of the excluded Stales. But this includes
Delaware, Maryland and Kentucky, whose
ratification of the amendment is very doubt
ful, to say the least. It is thought most im.
portant that this amendment should be
forced through tho State Legislatures the
present winter, and it is believed by a little
"Congressional pressure," bribes and
threats, we suppose, that the three doubtful
States, above named, and one or two of the
excluded States can be secured, and the re
mainder thus gagged into its adoption. We
believe wo can speak for the entire South,
in declaring that bribes and threats will
not induce them to take this step. So long as
the amendment is referred to them for their
acceptance or rejection, it will be unhesita
tingly rejected. When it is violently and un
constitutionally thrust upon them, or they
are illegally and forcibly compelled to take
"something worse," there will then be an
end to civil government, and the South can
not be held responsible for the anarchy
that will ensue. The assurance given by
Governor Perry of South Carolina for his
State, can be safely promised for the whole
South. " As feeble as South Carolina may
be," says this distinguished gentleman, in j
a late letter, in reply to a friend at the
North, urging upon him the necessity oi'
South Carolina adopting the amendment,
" and as ' powerless as you say she is ' to
protect herself,' she is, nevertheless, able to
maintain, amidst all her oppressions, her
honor unsullied, and will never, voluntarily,
accept her own degradation."
Manufactories.
We have frequently alluded to the fact
that by the early erection and operation of
manufactories in the South, this section
would not only enrich herself, but save the
large amounts we are now paying into the
treasuries of Northern manufactories, in
creasing their wealth, and providing for our
own continued dependence upon them. The
great wants of tho South to establish man
ufactories are capital and skilled labor, and
the want of population and the languish
ing condition of the agricultural interests
must necessarily, for the present, limit the
number of manufactories required to sup
ply the demand upon them.
But that our people are turning their at
tention to this important matter we are glad
A few daypunce we published an accountof
the organization of a Manufacturing Com
pany in Raleigh, and we are glad to see
that the enterprising President of the Com
pany, Mr. Willard, has already provided
the necessary machinery, and we may ex
pect to learn of its early completion, and if
the same enterprize and industry character
ize its operation as is exhibited in its con
struction, there can be no doubt of its suc
cess. In Mississippi capital is rapidly seek
ing investment in cotton factories. Six
factories for manufacturing the great
Southern staple are in the course of con
struction, which will give that State a good
start in the way of manufacturing its own
raw material.
The disposition, of Congress to protect
the manufacturing interest of the United
States, which causes high prices and large
dividends, will f orca our people to try to be !
the recipient of this protection rather than
continue to be oppressed by it Protec
ting manufacturers " has been, after a long
and sad experience to the South, nothing
more than distress to them as consumers,
and wealth to the capitalists. We see by
letters from those who have had opportu
nities of judging, that this is more striking
ly true than formerly. We learn from a wri"
ter in one of our exchanges, how this pro"
tection works since the war. He says :
"A woolen manufacturer of Massachusetts said in
Boston in 1865 : Be'ore the war it cost me $3 50
a yard to make cloth, and I sold it at $4. Now it
costa me H per jard, and I sell it at $3.' Ex uno
lisce omnes. This man probably made a Pilgrim
age to Washington last winter to clamor for more
'protection' to the woolen interest. If be did
not, the wool-growers in Brattleboro', assembled
recently, resolved that they ought to have such
a tariff as will eustain them against the competi
tion of foreign woo s produced by cheap labor,
cheap lands, (!) and cheap capital.' They also
took efficient measures to have this resolution
carried into effect. That is right. Let ns have
this additional tariff by all means. 'Labor is
a prodigious element in wool groncing, and 'land'
is scarce and dear in the United States, so con
tracted and so densely populated compared with
the Old World. Besides, it will help protect
the aforesaid manufacturer. An additional five
cents a pound on wool will furnish him the where
with to pull the wool' over the eyes or consum
ers and get 110 a j ard for hia cloth instead of $8.'
Of the huge profits oi manufacturing cor
porations he says :
"Look at the dividends of manufacturing com
panies for a year past. Doubtless a salutary fear
of taxation ir of tempting competition has kept
many from coming to light. But of those made
public twenty per cent, is about the minimum,
while one hundred per cent, is quite as cemmon.
A majority ranges between these two rates
A company not a thousand miles fi om North
ampton has just declared 'a dividend of one hun
dred per cent, on a year's profits, besides reserv
ing enough surplus to enlarge their mill." Out
of whom do these profits come ? Out of consumers
overburdened by taxation of every description.
How is it pose ible to make such profits in a busi
ness long established and extensively pursued in
the Eastern and Middle States ? Because a tariff
virtually prohibitory excludoa foreign competi
tion, and home monopolists have only to assem
ble from timo to time, fix their own pi ices, swear
not to undeisell each other, and their fortunes
are made. Consumers may help themselves if
they can. Tho old pietence that 'protection
cheapens products by inspiring home industry
and fostering competition is exploded by combi
nation." The only relief we can hope for is to be
come ourselves manufacturers. If we ever
expect justice unuer the legislation of our
Government, we must make ur interest
that of XeAv England. It may be that they
will yet regret they forced the South into be
coming a manufacturing country. A con
flict of interest in this matter may not re
sult to the advantage of that section.
The Associated Press.
We have declined to encumber our col
umns with the details of the quarrel between
the President and Directors of the Associa
ted Press and their General Agent, Mr. D.
H. Craig. We certainly care very little of
the merits of the difficulty, and we are sat
isfied that our readers are even less interes
ted. All we want is correct and full tele
graphic reports from all parts of the world,
and it makes but little difference with us
whose name is attached to the dispatches
or what Association is benefited by the
money we pay for this news.
We are compelled to acknowledge that
we are not satisfied with the past manage
ment of the Press Association, be the blani
where it may. The Journal has for many
years been a regular subscriber to the Press
Association disrjntches, and we were prom
ised the news from all quarters, for which we
pay liberally, but after many fruitless
exertions have found it impossible to get
any telegraphic news emanating from points
South of Washington City, except a few
barren items from New Orleans and Mobile.
While the Association is very careful to in
form us of the names and the color of tho
members of the Legislature from Boston,
wo cannot gather from the same eource who
is the successful candidate for Governor in
the neighboring State of South Carolina, or
who has been elected to the United States
Senate from Georgia, or even our own State.
And by the Ocean Telegraph wo are kept
informed, with commendable zeal, of the
fate of the Chief of the Pirates in the Chi
nese Sea, of the terrible purposes of the
Cretans and Epirots towards their Turkish
oppressors, and the most minute particu
lars of the revolt in Candia and the sad fate
of the Sphakiot Chief ; but for the Jife of
U3 we cannot learn, except through our ex
changes, published in those cities, or from
the telegraphic columns of Northern papers,
of any important event or transaction hap
pening in Richmond, Charleston, Savan
nah or Raleigh. Acting ourselves as the
agents of the Association for this city, we
send off, daily, an abstract of the markets
and any matter of interest happening here,
but they find their way only to papers North
of Washington, where most frequently the
news is of little or no interest. A regular
subscriber to, and the agentof, theAssocia
tion, we were compelled to pay for a tele
graphic dispatch from Goldsboro, giving
the result of the elections in a few of the
counties of the State at the recent elections,
which we were compelled to have sent, as
the Press Association failed to furnish any.
Wo know not whero the fault lies for this
great failure to make the Association of the
highest practical benefit to the press of the
United States, and we will hail any im
provement with delight, either by a change
of officers or by a new association. So far
as Mr. Craig is concerned, we have regarded
him as an efficient and reliable agent, and
the summary of news telegraphed from
New York, where he has had immediate
charge, is as complete as possible, but
whether he is responsible for the failure of
the Association at other points, especially
in the South, we are not advised.
We have :thus far transgressed upon the
patience of our readers with these com
plaints against the Press Association, but
hope by thus calling this matter to the at
tention of the papers of the country, and
to the officers of the Association, we may
cause an improvement, the benefit of which,
our readers, as well as those of all the daily
papers subscribing to the Association, may
reap the benefit
The Kayetteville and Western Railroad.
So well assured are we that the future
welfare and permanent prosperity of our
city depend upon the completion of the
Wilmington, Charlotte and Rutherford
Railroad, and the extension of the Fayette
ville and Western Railroad, now completed
to Egypt, in Chatham county, to some
point on the North Carolina Railroad, that
we take great interest in these works, which
we have very frequently evinced .through
our columns. The amount already expend
ed, the rich country to be developed by
their completion and extension, and the
great Yalne of their present property, war-
rant their friends in making hopeful exer
tions in their behalf.
We publish to-day, from a distinguished
citizen of our State, and one who has been
connected with many of her important in
terests, and whose labors have contributed
much to the welfare of North Carolina, an
interesting letter upon the subject of the
importance of the completion of the Fay
etteville and Western Railroad to our citi
zens, as well as the advantages of Greens
boro' as the point of intersection on the
North Carolina Railroad. The communi
cation must prove interesting, as it certain
ly is important to every business man aftd
property-owner in our city. It is worse
than useless to fold our arms in listless apa
thy, because we are prostrate and there
fore unable to develop the rich treasures of
our country, which God has bestowed with
a lavish hand. The people of the interior,
along the line of the proposed extension of
this road are moving, and we, who are to be
benefited equally with them, should not re
main idle. Because neither of the termini
of Ihis road end within the corporate
limits of Wilmington, it is none the less a
Wilmington enterprise. The whole in-going
and out-going freight of the road, and the
increased productions and Consumptions of
vast districts of our State, that have no
commercial intercourse with our city, must
pass through, be purchased or sold here,
upon the completion of tliis work.
Upon the first of the present month a
very largo and enthusiastic Convention was
held at Mount Vernon Springs, in Guilford,
composed of delegates from Cumberland,
Chatham and Guilford counties, in the in
terest of the Fayctteville and Western Rail
road. Their action was such as we hope
will redound to the great object of the Con
vention. The course recommended, which
wo regard as eminently practicable and
just, is to ask of tho Legislature of tho State,
shortly to assemble in Raleigh, to author
ize the Public Treasurer to subscribe to the
capital stock of this road, the amount the
Road now owes to the State, and for which
the State holds a mortgage upon the Road.
Then, that the Legislature release its mort
gage upon tho Road and authorize the
President and Directors of the Road to re
mortgage the same to some one or more
capitalists for a sufficient amount to extend
and complete it to some point on the North
Carolina Road.
The State can well afford to act thus lib
erally -with this Road. It asks no appro
priation and involves no increase of taxa
tion, but by an exchange of a mortgage
interest for stock in the Road, which must
leave the State in equally as safe position,
in the present condition of the Road, en
ables the work to be completed, saves the
counties, towns and individual subscribers
from loss ; develops the great mineral, ag
ricultural, commercial and manufacturing
interests of that section ; and by increasing
the material wealth of the State, even if the
stock be worthless, decrease the burdens
and taxes of the State, thus contributing to
the general as well as individual welfare of
the people.
If our works of internal improvement are
to be completed, it mu-st be done without
the aid of taxes or by increasing the pres
ent indebtedness of the State. Borrowing
money from the wealthy capitalists
of the North and the Old World is
the only other means loft. Our unfinish
ed Roads, encumbered as they are by the
heavy mortgages held by the State, will
find it utterly impossible to enter tho marts
of the world and borrow tho money neces
sary to complete them, upon any terms.
They must approach the capitalists with
clean hands ; with no power with any State
or individual to foreclose a previous mort
gage and sell out the entire property of the
road. The two roads, which will go be
fore the next Legislature and ask the State
to release its mortgages upon their works,
will both offer the State a quid pro quo.
In fact, without this assistance we doubt
exceedingly if the State does not lose all
or the greater part of the indebtedness of
both these roads, while if these corpora
tions are permitted to borrow money in the
manner proposed, the indebtedness of the
State, in one instance, will be liquidated at
an early day, and in the other, the State
be fully compensated for the present value
of their debt. In this estimate we do not
take into consideration the incalculable ad
vantages to be derived, in all ages to come,
by the completion of these roads.
No more important subjects will be called
to the attention of the Legislature than is
embraced in the propositions to be submit
ted in behalf of these corporations. The
prostration of our people and the terrible
burdens under which they laboi will de
mand the consideration of our legislators,
but we are fully convinced no permanent
and real relief can be attained, unconnect
ed with the fostering of our railroads and
development of our resources, material aud
moral. We hope and believe these in
terests will be intelligently and assiduously
urged, and we cannot think that any narrow-minded,
local prejudices will bo per
mitted to operate against measures calcu
lated to advance the interest of the entire
State, as well as particular sections. Our
Legislature must recollect, that now, more
than ever, North Carolina must depend
upon herself. Our own section of the
country is powerless to extend any aid, for
the paralysis which enfeebles us, equally
affects them, and the North hao very re
cently evinced her temper towards us and
shown the use which she intends to make
of her power and our helplessness.
Wilmington and Manchester Railroad
Workshops.
We had the pleasure a few days since of
inspecting the different workshops belong
ing to the Wilmington and Manchester
Railroad, and were much pleased with the
efficiency and completeness of their various
departments and the finish and excellence
of the work. The repairing and reconstruc
tion of engines is done in a manner to com
pare with similar work in the great work
shops of the North, while the passenger
ears, for neatness and style, are equal to
any we have ever seen.
The manner in which the wprk is done,
and the system and order which character
ize the entire establishment, indicate that
the affairs of this road are nnder the con
trol of efficient, intelligent and industrious
officials.
We saw in the yard of this road a num-
(ber of very superior freight cars, manufac
tured by "The Brunswick Car Company,
under the management of Col. T. C. Mc
Iihenny of this city. They are prpnounced,
by competent judges, to be equal to any
made. We hope such enterprizes will meet
the encouragement they deserve.
NEW BOOKS.
Phemte Kelleb F. G. Trafford Harper
and Brothers, New York.
Mr. Trafford, in this last work of his,
has treated us to an old fashioned English
novel, full of the pleasant varieties of Eng
lish rural life, with characters as new as
they are well studied and naturally por
trayed. It is one of the most readable
and entertaining of the recent publications
in this line of literature.
Land At Last Edmond Yates Harper
and Brothers, New York.
In the volume before us, the author ha3
surpassed any of his former efforts in por
traying the vicissitudes and temptations of
city life. The scene of the present work
is laid in Loudon, and the society of that
gay metroplis forms the ground work of the
novel, and we doubt if even this prolific
and interesting subject has ever furnished
the plot or characters of a more entertain
ing volume.
Mr. Whitaker, with his characteristic
kindness, has furnished us with the above
new novels, where all of the recent publi
cations will be found as soon as issued.
The Northern elections are over. The
Radical party is asrain in power. God save
the country !
THIS FA1ETTEVILLE AND WESTERN
RAILROAD.
For tho Journal.
A Word to the People of Wilmington.
Messrs. Editors : It is unnecessay to urge
on the people of Wilmington the impor
tance of building Railroads. They know that
the industrial development of the State will
depend on the facilities of getting to mar
ket ; and they know, also, that now is the
time to work. It is great nonsense to talk
about waiting for better times ; God does not
send prosperity as he sends rain, without
our efforts. Man is to subdue the earth,
which, for siu, was made naturally hostile to
its human lord ; and therefore, to wait idly
for better times, is to permit the accumula
hon of opposing lorces m tne patu ot in
dustry.
It is the eternal law of God that man is
to eat bread in the sweat of his face, and
the untitled soil to bring forth thorns and
thistles ; and it is only by skilled industry,
and prudent enterprise, with the blessing of
Heaven, that the old wastes are to be re
stored and the face of nature renewed. Be
sides, while we are waiting, others are pre
paring for the harvest, and trade and travel
will be diverted from the cities and routes
of North Carolina.
But those for whom I write are aware of
this, and my purpose is to offer a sugges
tion as to the direction of some of their en
ergies and means.
The Danville toad has cut off from Wil
mington the trade of a large and compara
tively thrifty region and the work in course
of construction to Rutherfordtou will not
bring it back. This road will do a great
deal tor your city ; but it will not bring you
the ilour, tobacco, dried fruit, butter, .fcc,
of Alamance, Randolph, Rowan, Davidson,
Guilford, Stokes, Surry, Forsyth e, Yadkin,
i.'avie, Iredell, Alexander and Wilkes.
But there is a road, now incomplete,
1 1 1 1 1 I 1
wnicn, witn mose now uuuuingr, win open
the way for your enterprise into all Middle
and Vestern ISorth Carolina and that is
the work finished to Esrvpt. There is
favorable charter for its construction to the
N. C. Road : at what point shall it ter
miuate, on the latter ? Salisbury, Hitrh
Point and Greensboro' are spoken of
but the terminus should be at the first
or last named, on account of other connec
tions. Your people, anxious to catch what
comes down the Western extension, may
prefer balisbury ; and permit me hero to
utter a caution on this subj ect.
The Fayctteville road must expect im
portant favors from the State, and the
State is heavily interested in the N. C. road;
and to insist on Salisbury is to jeopardize
the cause with the Legislature, and to ar
ray tho Newbern and other interests
violently against our project. Rival inter
ests could oppose us under color of argu
ments based on the general welfare ; aud
who could resist appeals directed against
apparent favoritism, building two parallel
roads across one region, aiming substan
tially at one point, and designed wholly
for the benefit of one point of exportation V
Besides, to go to Salisbury is to lose the
immense trade that reaches the North Car
olina road between that place and Graham,
and to run the Fayctteville road to Greens
boro', is to enable Wilmington to compete
for it on fair terms. Heavy freight could
be sent from Graham and Salisbury and
all tho intermediate points via Greensboro'
and Fayctteville to Wilmington, at cheaper
rates than it would cost to go to Richmond
via Danville ; and thus by the completion
of the road as above, Wilmington can get
all she can claim ; the Fayctteville people
will have a straight through route of travel
North ; the North Carolina road will be
benefited, and every reasonable objection
silenced. Let us all then agree upon a
point that offers the greatest good to the
greatest number, and that will add im
mensely to the trade of your patriotic and
enterprising city ; and let us go to work,
every man in his place, and we will soon
build the road. Let editors enlighten the
public mind let every man in Wilming
ton, and on the route, who has property or
trade to be benefited, subscribe w hat his
interests demand ; and let us bring our
united influence to bear on the politicians,
and endeavor to induce them to grant what
the prosperity of the State requires.
FBIEND OF WlIiMINGTON.
.
Economising Room. A woman who lived in a
small, snug cottage iu a village, was unfortunate
enough to lose her husband, and set about pre
paring for the funeral obsequies. A neighboring
Mrs, Grundy, with her clak and umbrella, called
to see things, to condole and to speculate. On
coming into the house she looked around, raised
her spectacles and her hands, and said ;
" Why, Lor me ! how nicely you are fixed up for
the funeral; well, I do declare. Lor, Suz 1 dear
me ! why do tell. You borrowed Mrs. Webster's
cheers, ain't you ? and Mrs. Stone's vases on the
mantle piece they look right smart, I declare;
and there's a elosk, too why, where on eirth did
you get that, I want to know ?"
" Oh, no, my dear, (with a solemn jrroan.) that's
not a clock it's my poor. dear, departed hus
band. I stood it up in the corner to make more
room."
Coleridge
thus aptly classifies the reading
world :
1. Sponges, who absorb all they read, and re
turn it in the same state, only a little dirtied.
2. Sand-glasses, mho retain nothing, and are
content to get through a book for the sake of get
ting through the time.
3. Strain bags, who retain merely the dregs of
what they read.
' i. Moral diamonds, equally rare and profitable,
who profit by what they read, and enable others
to profit by it also.
Tn Judicial Power ot the Freedmen's
f Bureau Declared Null.
The Louisville Courier ot the 24th ultimo
reports the following case : - K"
The case of Smith vs. Reed was disposed of in
the United States Circuit Court yesterday, and
the action of the "Bureaucrats" in connection
therewith may be regarded as a concession on
their part of the illegality of their would-be courts.
The case was one involving the legality of the ju
dicial powers claimed by the Bureau agents under
the Freedmen's Bureau act.
Captain Reed, as ac-ntof the Bureau at Cynthi
ana, rendered a judgment for seventy-five dollars
against Jonathan Smith, and issued an execution
to enforce the judgment. Hia "officers" found
Smith hauling wood with two horses which were
all he had and took them from him by virtue of
and in satisfaction of Captain Reed's "execution."
Smith brought suit against Reed and others in the
Harrison County Circuit Court, and recovered
possession of the horses by a writ of replevin, af
ter they had been gone about two days. Captain
Reed, by petition, removed the case into the Uni
ted States Circuit Court, to try the legality of his
judgment and the validity ot his process as su
perintendent. Yesterday the distinguished attorney, Hon. M. C.
Johnson, of Lexington, appeared, to prosecute
Smith's suit in the United States Court, but Capt.
Reed had received so little encouragement from
the loyal fraternity that he attempted no defence
whatever. Judgment was rendered against him
for the horses, and damages and costs.
This default may be considered as a confession
by the Freedmen's Bureau that the attempt of the
Bureau Act to confer judicial power upon its agent
was nugatory, and that the assumption and exer
cise, bv those military judges, of the power to de
cide controversies concerning negroes, etc., was a
pure usurpation.
Tho Fredmen's Bureau in other States has exer
cised like jurisdiction wHi that in Kentucky, and
judgirens were rendered and collected. If such
proceeding s were violative of law in Kentucky,
they must be equally so elsewhere. :
Tlie Imprisonment of Mr, Jefferson Davis.
From the Paris Charivari.
The laconic utterances of the cablo tele
graph are sometimes exceedingly cynical.
Nothing moves that calm narrator ; noth
ing astonishes it. It is exactly the kind of
secretary that is needed in such times as
these we live in.
That impassible confident has just now
given ns a new proof of its utter indiffer
ence as to even the most terribly sugges
tive facts. In a single line, and without a
word of commentary, it registers one of
the most monstrous enormities that can be
even dreamed of. Just as coolly as it would
announce the arrival or the departure of a
mail steamer, it tells us :
44 The trial of Jefferson Davis indefinite
ly postponed."
Indefinitely ! Who is the secretary that
has dared draw up and countersign such a
despatch ? What ! Here is an unfortu
nate gentleman who is confined in the case
mate of a fortress, and deprived of the
things most necessary to life and health,
and they publicly and shamefully tell us
that the duration of that torture is to be in
definitely prolonged !
"Ah, but," you will say, "he is a cul
prit !"
Grant that, and you double your own
wrong-doing. If he is, in fact guilty, why
not leave to the law the task of punishing
him 9 Why justify the suspicion that there
are torturers and assassins instead of up
right judges among the members of the
federal government ?
No journal has been or is more opposed
to slavery than the Charivari, but do you
not, can you not, perceive that the cause of
slavery and its advocates is rendered al
mc jt interesting by this illegal and most ty
rannous persecution ?
One iniquity is not to be mot by another
and a still greater iniquity.
So ! This wretched persistence in ;m act
once stupid and heartless misconduct not
only disgusts us at home, but disgraces us
abroad. " How long, O, Lord, how long?"
Translator.
Roinancrs ol tlie War.
A correspondent of the Southern Recorder
furnishes that paper with the following in
cident :
LAST CMAKOK FOE THE CO KEHERACY EAST OF THE
MISSISSIPPI.
On the 18th day of April, 18G5, General W. W.
Allen of Alabama, commanding a division of
Wheeler's cavalry, being hard preened by the ene
my ay ho was ktsvin - Raleigh, N. C, ordered a
detachment from the first Georgia cavalry to hold
them in cluck, for the division to form.
Under that order, Major John V. Tench, at the
head of finr companies of the first Georgia, made
a dash upon the rapidly advancing column, threw
them into a confusion almost amounting to a rout
thereby gaining time for General All. n to dis
pose his troepe so to secure a safe retreat.
I think the date is correct. General Allen, no
doubt, remember, and will testify to the fact.
Our Georgia Major should be allowed to wear his
laurels, if justly entitled .o them, and his friends
should be informed of this incident. L.
The following farewell address of Gene
ral Wheeler to his troops has not, we be
lieve, been published here :
llEADiUAKTEi:S CAVALRY CORPS,
April 20th, 18G5.
Gallarti Comrades : You have fought your fight,
your task is done. During a four years struggle
for liberty, you have exhibited courage, fortitude
and devotion. You are tho sole victors of more
than two hundred sternly contested fields. You
have participated in moro than a thousand con
flicts of arms. You are heroes, veterans, patriots.
The bones of your comrades mark battle-fields
upon the soil of Kentucky, Tennessee, Virginia,
North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia. Alaba
ma aud Mississippi. You have done all that hu
man exertion could accomplish. In bidding you
adieu, x desire to tender my thanks for your gal
lantry in battle, your fortitude under suffering,
ana your devotion at au times to tne noly cause
you have done so much to maintain. I desire slso
to express my gratitude for the kind feelings you
have seeu fit to extend towards myself, and to in
voke upon you the blessings of our Heavenly
lather to wliom we must always look for support
in tho hour of distress. Brethren in the cause of
freedom, comrades in arms, I bid you farewell.
(Signed)
J. WHEELER,
Major General.
(Oi'iiciall
Wm. E. Wails, A. A. Gen.
IVc'iviHpr Comments.
The New York World says that tho Republican
candidate for Governor owes his election to the
Fenian vote of the interior counties, where the
Radical representations could not be met and ex
posed. It adds :
Rut for the. Fenian vote John T. Hoffman would
have been elected by a tremendous majority. When
the Rump Congress meets in December, which
at its last session, with a two-thirds majority,
refused to alter the present neutrality laws, our
Irish fellow-citizens will discover whether the Rad
ical pledge made to them m this canvass will be
redeemed.
The New York Tribune has the following cold
comfort for its friends in Marylaud and Missouri :
Maryland is lost, and we expected it would be.
The attempt to exclude the votes of rebels and
rebel sympathisers proved a failure as it ever
must. There is no hope for the Unionists of the
South, but in impartial suffrage, as they begin to
perceive.
Missouri has probanlv gone Radical, Hoean
having been defeated for Congress in St. Louis bv
Gen. Pile. But even in Missouri there is no future
for the unconditional Unionists but in impartial
suffrage.
The Baltimore American oies as follows :
The result of the election in Maryland is a thor
ough rout to the Union partv. The whole power
of the State has passed out of their hands, as the
Kxecntive power had previously faded away, and
the Democracy are from henceforth in full pos
session. With the deposit of the last ballot yes
terday the mock name of ' Conservative " ceased
to exist, and as a party name it will no mo-e be
known in the State. We are henceforward Repub
licans and Democrats, and on this basis all future
political contests will be made. The Republican
paty of Maryland will rally on the platform and
principles of tho loyal North, and the Democracy
will stand shoulder to shoulder with tho rebellious
South.
As we have lost Ihe control of the State, we are
rather pleased than otherwise that it has boon so
complete and thorough a defeat. They will have
full power to enforce all their views of State policy,
and satisfy all the vengeful feelings they may en
tertain towards their opponents. There will pro
bably be no quarter given, and we are sure none
will be asked of them.
Lettkr from Hon. A. H. Stephens.
Hon. A. H. Stephens in a private letter to
a gentlemen in Milledgeville, incidentally
alludes to a statement published in a North
ern journal regarding himself and brother
in the matter of the constitutional amend
ment, and characterizes it as entirelyVithout
foundation. He thinks that the Legisla
ture shonidrejectthd ameadmeatpromptry.
From the New York Watchman.
Sorrows of .the Soutn. .
TW the. naturalist, tha beautiful South,
with its picturesque valleys, hills, ana
mountains, ia iccu hs mo w
oak, the palmetto, and the orange ; but to
the philanthropist, -who looks upon the in"
ner life of hearts and honors, it is the land
of the cypress and "willow, and spreads out
gloomily as a wasted panorama of disap
pointment and sorrow. The casual obser
ver, mingling for a short while with the
busy throngs in the towns and cities, or
speeding by railway along the bustling
thoroughfares, sees and learns but little of
the inexorable woes of the stricken victims
of the war of secession. To know these,
one must vist the numberless homes whose
hope and honor and light went down be
neath the fell stroke of the demon of death
in field and hospital, and listen to the sighs
of lone agony, and gaze upon the tears of
unavailing sorrow which thousands of bro
ken hearts unceasingly offer to the ever
precious memory of the slain. Could all
the story of the trials and agonies of the
crushed and trampled South be faithfully
revealed and thoroughly appreciated, there
is not a bosom in the universe, unblasted
by a devil's conscience, that would not be
come a fountain of sympathetic tears not
a hand unblistered by tho fiery chains of
the w orld of hate and horror but would
move with mercy and extend its help. And
this is the fate of a people whose crime
was a desire, a resolve, a struggle, to se
cure and enjoy what they believed was won
for them by Washington, and warranted
by the genius and lawrs of the land they
had honored and loved. Tho worst is, that
the heaviest of their woes are irremediable
for ever. Other homes may possibly be
built over the ashes of the cherished dwel
lings which a ruthless foe consumed, and
other treasures may be won even from the
unmeasured oppression of a heartless and
uupitying conqueror ; but the noble and
loved ones, whose bones lie unhuried or
crumble in the grave, were the dearest of
all, and no fortune of life can restore them
again, or heal for a moment the deep
wounds their fall inflicted on the hearts
which embalm them in their hopeless tears.
Look at these pictures, taken from among
hundreds of thousands like them, which
hang in the long gallery of Southern woe.
I am a minister, and a few days since a
poor widow sent me the request to com
memorate the death of her soldier boys at
the church which they once attended, and
where some of them had been converted to
God. She had lost four devoted sons one
died at Lynchburg, one at Charlottesville,
one at Richmond, and one at Petersburg.
The widows of two of them wept with the
heart-broken mother around the altar, while
their little flaxen-haired children clung
around them, wearing a look of innocence
that troubled the tears of him who thought
of their napless orphanage in a ruined
land.
I saw a fair young woman weepicg by
the bier of a sweet sister, and listened to
her cries as she told of the last visit of her
fallen husband, and of the words of love he
spoke the last time he saw her and his dear
children; and I learned that she had a rel
ative who lost four of her live boys in the
army, and had three daughters all made
widows by the bloody demon.
In the town of C there was an in
valid widow with only two children two
manly sons. One fell at the head of his
regiment in that valley that will memorial
ize the infamy of Sheridan till the last fires
consume it. His wife has long been an in
valid, too, and had lost so many relatives
that her husband and child were almost
her only comfort. Now they are both gone,
and she is left in a world bereft of all that
was precious to her heart. The other son
the mother's darling was known to havo
entered the last ill-fated battle at Peters
burg, and was never seen or heard of again.
As he was never seen to fall, hope has been
sustained by the fond love of the mother's
heart, and even vet she listens for the dai
y train with unyielding expectation, and
feebly totters to the casement and gazes to
ward the station with her faint and failing
eye, still longing and looking for the return
of her brave, ulfectionate boy whom she
will not mourn as dead.
What hearts must they have have they
any hearts who can feed, harpy-like, on
what is left to a people so desolate, so
stricken ?
Ext:a-t of a letter from North Carolina to the
New Haven Register.
Starvation ut tlie SoutH Deplorable Con
di (ion of I lie Negroes.
The Southern country is in an awful con
dition. It must be seen to be believed.
The corn crop, their principle article of
food, having failed this season on account
of the droughth. It is expected starvation
must take place in some sections, before
next Spring. Corn is now selling at 25c.
per pound. God knows the Radicals need
not wish the Southern people to suffer more
than they are suffering. If they were bar
barians they could not treat them worse
than they wish to.
The negroes have no hesitation in saying
they were better off as slaves than now. It
is evident to a candid mind they have nev
er been worked very hard, from the fact
that since th .ir freedom they have rented
lands from their former owners, and have
eaten, during the time they have been rais
ing their crops, more than they have rais
ed altogether. This does not leave a very
wide margin for them to live on from har
vest to harvest, and yet they claim to have
wrorked a "heap " harder than ever before.
I hey have no conception in managing for
themselves.
They deserve compassion. They have
been robbed Iroin good homes for an idea,
to wander, like vagabonds, broadcast
through the country to starve. This same
gentleman, Dr. Tate, in a conversation re
marked, with all the warmth of a parent,
"What can we do for our poor negroes ?
are unable to assist them, having lost
all, and yet we would willingly share with
them rather than have them suffer, but we
have nothing left to divide they must
starve."
This is really their condition. When the
war closed, the darkies got it in their heads
they could not be free unless they left their
old homes under the impression given
them by these Abolition demagogues. The
novelty of freedom has passed the reality
stares them in the face. He has no one to
feed, clothe and give him any little notion
he may fancy, as formerly. They begin to
realize fully their condition, a huncrv stom
ach being a faithful monitor, and as soon
as they need anything:, thev nut back to
their old masters, begging for shelter and
something to eat. They cannot refuse
them, so they lay around their old homes
until their former owners are compelled,
for their own protection, to tell them to go
away.
? A Danoeeous Cottxteefeit Anew and danerer-
ons counterfeit of United States legal tender $50
notes has made its appearance at the Treasury
Department, and is pronounced by the Treasurer
to be one of the most skilfully executed ever
brought to his notice. The spurious note was de
tected by the vignette of General Alexander Ham
ilton, rtr.it Secretary of tho United Ktatps Ti-:lmii-
ry, which, on inspection, was found to have been
split from a $2 treasury note, and neatly pasted
on the counterfeit $50. The engraving of the oth
er portions of the note is cleverly imitiated, and
can only be distinguished from the genuine by the
closest inspection.
CoNTBiBtrnoss to the Pabis Exposition The
medical department of the United States army has
fowarded to the United States Commissioner, at
the Paris Exposition, a large collection of models
of various kinds, including a model of the Rucker
ambulance, models of improved litters, for con
veying wounded men, plans of army hospitals,
contrivances for alleviating the sufferings of the
wounded, such as slings for the arms and legs,
and many other articles of nr character.
THUS SPIRIT OF RADICALISM.
f Lecture on de Thirty-Ninth Congress, by
-Wendell Fhimps-JDenuclatlon f tb.
Republican Party .
Special Dispatch to the New York Times.
.-:. Bosrow, Tuesday, Nor. 6.
Wendell Phillips delivered the third leetn rf
the Fraternity Course last evening. atMusio Hall
ueiuro m crunueu auuicuvn. am uulGCt Win
" The Swindling Congress.'
After congratolatiner the audience upon the re
sult of the day's election, and particularly upon
the election or two colored men to tho btate Le
gislature in Boston and Charleetown, he stated
that his Bupject to-nignt was - the swindimg Thirty-ninth
Congress of the United States, that pass
ed the last winter in session and meets again on
the 4th of December." He intended to describe it
not because he counted it in as one of the com
batants in the fight at present going on. He did
not. He thought that in this quarrel, as in niOHt
others, there were but two parties. There wero
hardly any great national quarrels that ever ad
mitted more. Neutrals always faded out cf sight
and Congress is a neutral. On one side of the
present battle stands the South, endeavoring to
regain her old position in the Union, her banner
borne by the President. On the other s de, mar
shaled against her, are the people struggling
through every channel and by every method to
say no to the policy of the Executive, and there
are no other parties to the quarrel. The Republi
can Party is only one of the outlets in the popular
Protest. Down deeo in the ooonlar heart tim
J lion understands what it wants, and is determined
to nave it. in opposition to that is the effort of
the President to restore, as far as possible, the
Southern States to the spot where they stood in
I860, and the millions have gotten their hands on
the neck of the Southern aristocracy, determined
to strangle it beyond recovery.
There are two parties to the quarrel, and Con
gress has committed suicide, faded out like either
in attempting to find a neutral spot to stand on.
There is no man great enough to-day to differ one
hair's breadth and survive. Witness Grant. Real
attitude of America to-day is the attempt of the
people to carry out its great purpose, and the only
thing that opposes itis.the Executive, representing
this effort of tho South to regain her position.
Congress undertook, in He last long session, to
find a neutral spot that was neither up to the level
of popular idea, and not low enough to come un
der Executive approbation ; and to examine their
position to-day, is only valuable as one of the mile
stones on the way we nave juBt gone by. If they
don't resume the sceptre : if they don't take hold
of the helm of State at the next session, then by
some other means, through Congress or over it,
the masses will accomplish their object. I nay
this because I look upon the Amendment which
now constitutes the policy of Congress as not only
a swindle, but is an exhibition of a purpose to re
main neutral until after the election, until Penn
sylvania and New York had spoken in this great
struggle betwixt the South, that knows what she
wants, and the people, that know equally what
they want. The South is determined that the ne
gr o -hall never be reckoned among the politcal
elements.
She believes more thoroughly than we do in her
own system. It is no sham, no hypocrisy. She
understands that it is necessary; and thoroughly,
believes that tlie Government belongs to the white'
race, and to a select partv even among that race,
and the negro, even if he be a man, is not entitled
to be reckoned among the political elements. It
is an oligarchy, and recognizes no other safe form
of government. Tho South aims at tho Northern
idea and Congress aims at nothing. This is what
I call a swindling Congress a swindle resulting,
I think, from the dread of the people, from an un
due dread of their own party, from an unwilling
ness to bo representatives, and attempting to to
only delegates. If, as Senator Wilson said at Na
tick last night, that it was not sate for a loyal
black man to go about Arkansas, and, from lack
of United States authority, 2,500 negroes have
been ruthlessly murdered in Texas ; whose fault
is it ? His. Whose fault is it ? Congress's. Why
are they not in session ? Why did they adjourn if
the flag did not protect white men in New Or
leans ? Why did not they stay in Washington and
make it ? If Gen. Grant did not perform his duty
why didn't they summon him before a committee
to make answer ? Why ? And if the fault lay in the
White House, why did not they impeach it, or if,
as you say, they cannot impeach, stop the sup
plies. I am for a Government that is not boys'
play. Which is not boys' play it is a majority issu
ing an order, and determined to be obeyed. One
man made New Orleans safe, and surely Congress
could make the South so. One soldier, left to him
self without troops enough to ma:i his fort, obliged
to appeal to Africa for aid, made the first and
worst city of the South sale ground for Northern
ers to trade and to live in. If the white men of
the South are hostile to the North, then the Gov
ernment must hold that territory by the iron arm
of a military despotism for some years to come.
Exactly as Butler governed New Orleans is the
South to bo governed during the next live years.
There never lias been a friend to the South in the
Northern States except the Abolitionists. Tho
Democrats deluded her to bloodshed. The Whiga
cheated her. The Abolitionists stood upon her
borders, and said : " It is in vain to fight against
the thick bosses of the Almighty buckler. You aru
endeavoring to sustaiu a system which is against
the laws of God and the nineteenth century. Carry
it out and you will make bankrupt your cause."
But the tsouth closed her ears, and rushed on to
destruction. The same party now stands up and
says : " Come into line with the nineteenth centu
ry, tread under foot the chaff you call logic, found
your institutions upon the laws and economy of
God's Kingdom ;" whereas Democracy cries out :
" Come as you were." The civil war nndortook,
spite of both sections, to make the Union of his
tory. In that great struggle tho only unequivocal
allies at the North was the negro race, and the war
ended, we said we would protect the black race.
Protect him ? from whom ? Were they to protect
our black allies iu South Carolina ? from whom V
In the month of May, Wade Hampton, whining
on his knees, and with a haltar on hia neck, begged
that he might be hanged. Protect the black man
from him. What harm could he do ? What black
man fears him ? Not one. We raised Wade Hamp
ton, we unloosed him, we took halter from his
nock, we organized him as a South Carolina gen
tieman, ana, as a political element, we gave Jnm
his estate, we gave him back his influence, and
then wo set to work to protect the black man from
the power ho created. Protect him ! Mv plan m
to go down to the South and give the loyal black
men and white all the power, tetter the rebel and
then protect Wade Hampton from him. Give the
loyal black men of South Carolina the rights which
they ought to have politically land, capital, and
every right that belongs to the loyal, and then pass
a civn rignis dui to protect w acie uampton trom
Robert Small. The F rcedmen s Bureau bill should
be for the purpose of protecting the rebels from
the oppressesion of the black man. The neero
don't want any civil rights bill to protect him.
Ho wants the territory of South Carolina which be
longs to him; but under Johnson we commenced at
the other end.
We sent a Governor, Mr. Holdcn, to Carolina,
and made him a tyrant, and then got down on our
knees to beg him to save the black man from
harm. The problem of the negro is one on which
the financial condition ol the country depends.
If these busy millions can bo kept busy, if North
ern capital, instead of lying idle, can bo used
freely in tho South, then only can the financial
crisis, the fear of which is agitating Statu and
Milk streets, be averted. And how can that be
doner There are five millions of blacks in the
South that havo never bought two dollars apiece
before. It would be easy on my system of recon
structing to make a demand of one hundred mil
lions worth of manufactured articles in a year.
Mr. Phillips concluded by praying God that the
President would continue to make mistakes, and
that he might strike the South with madness, in
order that the North might comprehend her posi
tion. Pray for anything that may save our cra
dles from lighting this battle over again. Send a
man to the next Congress prepared to recognize
that the majority rule, that will not vote as Jeffer
son Daws lets them vote, that will not vote to the
South whatever it wants it to, and that will let the
President assume power, monopolize tho Govern
ment, and run the machine.
Thanking Providence At a recent fire iu Fall
River, two Irish laborers, who had behaved gal
lantly in attempting to subdue the flames, wero
caught in a dangerous predicament : one galle of
the house fell in, and that under which they were
standing tottered over them. The younger at
temoted to fly from the spot, but "was overtaken
by the burning ruin, and very severely injured;
the other, seeing an open door in the bane of the
wall, darted through it, and emerged unhurt on
the other side. His employer, next day, com
menting on his escape, said he should return
thanks to Providence for his preservation.
" Och, thin," says Dermot, scratching his head
yery slowly, " shure I do be thankful to Provi
dence, and think it was very merciful to me ;
sir, icasn't ImigfUy cute meselff"
The emphasis and raniditv with wlnVli lie utter
ed this last sentence clearlv showed that ho gve
T J -m . 1 . I.i
i roviaence no unaue credit for its exertion m J"8
behalf.
RlNOTTLAH NoTTHVa fV TTT MlDDimn Uvt 1TI0'.
- w . ... n l . v. u -
The Chicago Hepublican says, a man who s&1(J
he was thirty-five years old called on a justice last
Saturday night, asking to be married to a girl f
seventeen years. The justice asked the usiw
Jiuestions, and received correct answers until the
illowiug wis propounded: Have yon ever been
marnoti?" 'Yes." " Is your wife still living
"Yes." "Are you divorcod from her?" "
" Where is she ?" "I sold her." "How mcH
did you get for her?" "None of your biisinuss.
wen, i can't marry you u your wife is Jiving.
"But she liked a vouneer feller better than she
did me, and was willing to besold for $200 if ue
bought her, sol let her go."
A romantic young man says that a young
woman's heart is like the moon : it charms
continually, but always has a man in it.
A new material for ladies waterfalls :-
44 A tooth out of the month of the Missis
sippi, nicely covered with the hair from the
head ol nayiga,tioa."
I