COAL BUSINESS OF I’KNNSYLVANIA.
The Philadelphia American has an article on
the coal and coal trade of Pennsylvania, from
which we extract:
“The anthracite coal production of Pennsyl
vania for the year amounted to 7,“25S,S01
tons. It is impossible to determine the pro'ise
amount of hitunnnous, senii-liituniinou.^, :ind the
other kinds (not anthracite) produced; but we sire
safe to estimate them at *J.000,000 of tons. Thus
we have as the product of this State for the year
just closed,
Anthracite, tons.
Bituminous, semi-bituminous, etc. *2,000,000
The entire amount, 0,‘_’5S.''!n tons.
If—for tlie purpose of inakinj; :i r'>ugli imIi'u-
lation af the value of this huge amount j
timate the price of each kind ot coal a' a
ton at the placo of consumption, then wo liriv’o hii
aggregate of . as the valuo of this
year’s production from the coal fields »>t 1 '“nns\l-
vania. These tons, these' doll.-irs, those startlirii::
figures, sot forth the wi’.iltli, ontorpri>e ,".nd in
dustry of this State far bi tfer than any figures ..f
speech could do it. That is the moni'y v:\lue of
a product—wrought out of the bowels of the
earth by dint of hard and honest labor—which
illuminates our streets at night, which warms our
dwellings in the winter, whieh makes the motive
power tf almost all our machinery, and which
contributes in countless ways to tfie comfort of
mau and the proj^rcss »f society,—>o that IVnn-
sylvunia can pr'iu.lly say, “if the sum groat, it
is also fairly earned.”
This, it will be observed, is the value of the
yield of coal in this State for one year. But .-linee
the commencement of the trade which very feebly
began in 1^20, the aggregate of the anthracite
coal sent to market fr'>m the ditioreut regiiuis of
Pennsylvania has reached t)’2.70o,03l) tons. It
we estimate the other kinds ot coal produced in
the State at 10,000,000 tons, then wo have
72,7tf3,033 tons as the total yield of this State
since the trade began. This, at the price as
sumed above, 84,*2;) at the place of consumpti >u
—(which the table of prices will prove to be a
low estimate,') would have a value of 8300,870,-
481. M. Ch> valier, speaking of tiie late John
Price Wi.'tLerill, says that “he »howod me iu
ls^35 the plaL-e where, twouty years, hefore, he
had du2 a hole to bury the anthracite, then look
ed upon :«s incombustible refuse.’’ Fivt' _>ears
after thatjperiod ibis stream nf WLultii began to
Hl'W, and in the -lior* ace f thirty-^>ix years it
has attained to this vast I ivadth and depth. At
the end of ;i Mmilar pt riod of tinu iu the futuif,
what almost ineredihlo nu:i;jers will lo r'-juir> d
to set forth the annual and the aggregate {'V 'duc-
tion and value of the coal of 1'euLi.sylvaiiia. Ti;e
annual coal production of Great Britain is at
present about 4>,000,000 tons; so that this State
{iroduces within a fraction of one ijuarter of that
whieh the extensive coal mines of that country
yield. If this had been prophesied thirty- six
years ugo in England, who would have credited
the prediction or believed that Penn.'iylvania
would stand next to (Ireat Britain in this m .st
important and useful branch of industry '
The coal production iu the other States is so
trifling iu amount that its statistics have uo inter
est nor value. The coal trade of the I’nited
States reduces itself simply to tlie coal trade of
Pennsylvania. * * * * *
We have given above but a partial review even
of the outline of our coal itatistics; but it suliices
to show the extent of our resources in this great
element of wealth and progress, and the degree
to whieh this element has been rendered available
by the enterprise and industry of Pennsylvania,
that possess a useful and worthy memento iu
almost any heap of coal that may be found in
any part of the whole country. No Peuu.-*ylvanian
can contcQiplate these facts, which speak more
of the future than they do of the present or the past,
without having his partiality and pride for his na
tive State rekiudlcvi within him} nor can the citi
zen of any State ponder them, without feeling
that it W’ould be a sacrilegious deed to impair th«
prosperity of this and other ccnuectfl bianehes
of uur industry, by narrow, rash and un-Anurican
legislation.”
The present annual production of iron through
out the worid does nut exceed 7,U0(»,U0U ton>; of
which Great Britain produces rather more than
one-half. From l"iO to l'',io, ttie production :.f
iron increased seventy told, it tlie .same rate of
increase should prevail tor one hundred and lit-
teen years to come, the annual make would reai h
40U,UUO,OUO of tunsj and it is tu be ubsei ved that
the ratio ot increase has been an accelerated one
for each period of ten years, since 1740, uud not
a decreasing one. Commencing with l>Uo, it re-
ijuired until a period of eighteen years to
double the production in Great Britain. By
l^oG it was again doubled, rcjuiring a j;;.riud ot
only twelve years, in 1M7 it was again doubled,
requiring eleven years. In 1^55, a pni.jd ot
eight years, it had ri.-^eu from ^jO'.lU,*'Oij to 3 -
oOUjOOO tons, at which rate it would be doubled
in ten years.
Witli these lights of the pa.^^t for our guidance,
let us attempt to penetrate the tuture. Should
the productuin of iruu inereasc ior the future, as
it hab for the last ten years, it will amount in
Ibc^G, a period of oniy thirty years, to tilly-six
milhon tons per annum; us value, when ready
^ijd plates, according to
-Mr llewit’s estimate, would be two fhou.-,and
eight hundred million dollars. But we shall be
ooliged to increase this sum almost intinitely iu
order to represent the value which will be im-
pai.ed to the raw material by the ultimate forms
o uti ity wtiicii it uiuy be ujude to a8:ju.uie by
the application of human labor.
COMMi::KCiAL RECOKi).
, , AHUIVALJ?.
Lutterloh^ Co’s Line oth, and lUth—
-tamiy, with piksseiigers, and goods
M V- I ^ >ouiKfs, J ii lioberts 4-«:o, J
11 Iritcbett, i; U Dickson, J N dmitb. Win llatclicl, J
( ^ il Aic.Milluu, K W Willkiugs,
00 J JoiiiiSou, K Liult, J \V iiaker, J O Uoua .!i Co,
i>ciiycr Cretk .Muut Co, b & W .McLauriii, J 11 Ihill,
■ .Liiuiont, A J (J Haiilou, E L '.Viuaiow, C U Miil-
lett, W i*
, i'c.ir Line. Jiiu’y lU, !Str Flora, whli goods
jir S IJ ^ .McKotLau, G IScuer, Hev i’
J'.'ti, h J iJjii, J y J iiiuadale, S C ic L
.N .Marks.
AiaUVALS.
Jioi’y 7. Iluii'Iy fruui New Vork, Eliza ,\nti
tr'.iu l>(,8t'in, l’tiili|i (...iraljce fi'/m r^jiicc, 1*. K.; Sel.r.
l.oiioni l.Miibel t'roiii .'^iiall'.ttf. H. Sclirs. K W (janl-
iicr from .New IJcdfor'i, i^uedi '..l the South, tVoiii N.
^ ork, iJello tVoni JackstjiiviUe.
Jan'y ‘.I.—ticlir Myrover I'm New Vork, ili.siiig Huii
fill New Ueijford, .Mass., A J Deilossct I'm N Vork,
Itol.occa Fo,\ f/ri ISosfou, V\':ikc I'm New \'iirk. 111.
f^clir .J:is Ijuchunan fiii Lockwood’s Folly, William fni
Nvw York.
APPLICATION
ILL be made to the prcsi'iit Legislature of the
. of Nortli Ciirollna, for the pasrjiige of tin
,?.V, '"K the I'ormatioii of ii Fire Company in
the \illapt. i^.ckfi^h, Cuii.berlanil (’o
Notes ior Neun, tor sale here.
SPECULATION VS. INDUSTRY. |
The word speculator, in modern parhincc, has
taken the place of the more definite old designa-,
tion of projector, as applied to persons who trade I
upon probabilities, as a capital, and who shrewdly j
make bare possibilities, and nomctimes even the |
sheerest impossibilities, appear plausible as coming |
events. Sir Timothy IV'xter, a Yankee projector,,
with more good luck than brains, speculated upon |
the possibility that Cuban beds needed heating. :
He sent to Havana a cargo of that convenience i
denominated warming pans, now obsolete, by
reason of our better heated dwellings. There j
couhl cortainly have b*en no wilder speculation |
than this. Yet it happened that the utensils
struck the fancy of the sugar boilers. The per-,
furated covers wen*'used as strainers, and the ad
venture yiehled :i return of more than cent per ,
eojit This storv may be true or not, but it an-
severs our purpose. There is many a wilder spec-j
ulation made, sometimes chancing as well. The
successes are ehronicle'd, like the cures by a patent
medicine. The failures go into the same silence
with tho.-Je who re-^t under the terse epitaph, “I
was well, and would be better; took physic and
died.” We hear )f the fortunate individuals who
come into unexpected wealth. But of the un-
.'uccessful nobodies nothing is said. So, as the
few cures tempt many to swallow drugs, the few
fi)rtunes induce thounands into speculation, that
is to say, project-weaving. The few thrive, and
for that very reason the many lo not. Money that,
flow. into one pocket must flow out of others to
till the one jtiethoric purse. Everybody cannot
dnd a market for warming pans in the tropics, or
for iees at tlie North Pole.
Speculation and enterprise are often confound
ed. The line between them is, to the popular
eve, very vague and scarcely discernible, but the ^
two things arc as distinct as g.imes ofehanceand
ta>k.> of labor. True enterprise and indu.stry
are not only perfectly compatible with each other,
but are usually found together; while speculation
is a substitution of haz ird to win or lo.se a large
sum, in the place of enterprising industry to ac
cumulate ‘iure gains. Knterpri.'e demands im
mediate returns, or the reasonable certainty of
sueL returns. It is content with nothing whieh
uoe not yield a fair present living; while specu-
latiou, like .Mr Mieawber, is always depetident
u{:-n something whirh is to “turn uji.” Euter-
rri'c may be d&ring, but is cautious, and always
retains a rC'erve fund. Speculation has for its
motto, “neck or nothing,’’ and if, ’n the race, it
wins just by a neck, it i> alway.s the more ap
plauded. i
The projecting or speculating spirit is thn be- '
>etting .'in of uur nation. Sure gains are not so |
highly esteemeti as a sweepstakes by some ilash-;
ii)g operation. This spiiit is not contined to the'
stock exchange, but, unfortunately, runs through j
all elas.ses; and hence it is that there is always a i
lurge boily of persons ready for ‘‘treason, strata
gems .nt.d spoils;” tillibusters, who do not join ;
Walker, or threaten (’’uba, are headlong in some
other appareiitly cheap substitute for hone-*! j
labor—>uch as pot-house politics and oflice seek- j
ing, vote-.selling, bargaining fjr influence, levy
ing blaek mail, getting up lithograph towns, and j
so on, down to forging lottery schemes and de- |
faulting, or any othwr peculation. From the bold :
speculator without means, who flourishes on the .
?tock exchange, noOody knows how, down to the
red.thirted indiviilual, with rulBes of the same,
and patent leather pantaloon brace?, who lives
in the fire engine house, nobody can tell at whose
cost, the genus is the same, only varied by ex
ternal circumstances.
With this mistaken impression, that it is better
to live by that indefinite something, called “the
wit«,” rather than by the legitimate work of the
brains or hands, and that it is more re.-»pectabie
tu draw a per centage from what others produce,
by fair means or unfair, than to add to the general
wealth by production, it is not surprising that we
have among us all the evils of pauperism, genteel
and ungenteel, and all the vices to which idlene.ss
and disappointed hopes pave the way. There
must be merchants and factors; but without mer-
chandi.se they e;aiuot have occupation. In their
due proportion to the whole people they are in-
di»pensable; and their vocation, honorably fillel,
mini:>ters to the wealth of the community,
instead of diminishing it The merchants of
a nation are {prominent among its [>ublic spirited
and {'atriotic citizens; but when there is an over
supply of the 'lealers in other men’s wares, the
disproporth)!! eannot exist without great disad
vantage. Are we wrong in suj>posing that the
trading spirit amorig us is in advance of productive
industry/ Is it not shown in the undue quantity
ot foreign fabrics and commodities which enter
into our consumption^ An evil which exists in
the mode.' of conducting the larger operations of
l.'U.'iness, i.s cei tain, if examination he made, to
bL’ found in petty transactions iilso. More of
everything is held for .speculation iu this country,
than is wbole.some; from tracts and townships )f
land down to chickens ami turkies for market;
and more still would be hehl, if tbe notes of the
speculators and the poultry of the hucksters did
not mature too fast for the purposes of the
monopolists.
Extravagances in the style of living, in eating,
drinking, dressing, ornaments and necessaries,
now deemed so harmless, though our fathers did
not thus class them, are at once the cause and
the con.se(juence of this state of things. Luxury
promj)ts hazardous expedients to supply its de
mands, and the success of speculation furnishes
the means, or its want of success compels the
neces.'ity of keeping up the show once begun.
It is notorious, that many a huge operator, like
the fiUher of Halleck’s Fanny, has gone out in a
grand flash, while laboring to keep up, to the last
moment, the show of vast wealth and pro.sperity.
The newspapers chronicle the “splendor of a
princely entertainment” in the same issue in
which the munificent host limps in the money
article, a “lame duck;” or, not improbably, is the
subject of a “painful rumor not generally credited,”
which is proved, hoivever, in a day or two, by the
passenger list of an outward bound steamer.
'I'liese evii.s, we are aware, are not to be repaired
by newspaper articles. IJut there are turns in
public sentiment, and returns, the ladies .say,
in all fashion.s, good as well as bad. So, who
knows that the old ideas of the true means of
acquiring wealth and standing may not come
back':!' Wc think we seg the indications. Specu
lation, as the gout goes out at the toes, works
it.self ofl" through the lower strata. When we
were young, it was a fashionable thing, at one
period, to fail and pay fifty per cent. A respect
able manipulator of Bay & Martin (paitte black
ing is a modern notion), made an assignment,
and returned his depositors one boot each. The
fashion went out with C;«sar Augustus Pompey.
We havo no prevalence of bankruptcy ju.st now,
hut plenty of customs which might lead to it, only
that, like the fift}' per cent cropping out in an
odd hoot, fashionable extravagances are becoming
absurd in Attleborough and Birmingham jewel
ry, and Crinoline is travestied by barrel hoops
and faded silks. Chivalry is going to seed in Walktr-
isin, to which same end border-rstTianism ia moTing
with Capt. Titus. Gentetil idleness is caricatured in
corner lounging, .ind the duello and rencontre are
made painfully absurd hy drunken street stabbing. So
there is hope still that what the press cannot accom
plish iu mending the manners of the public, will be
efiected by the ridiculous way iu which the prevalent
lollies are re-produced by the latest imitators.
Philadelphia North American.
LATER FROM EUROPE!
WAR ON THE CONTINENT.
PORTLAND, -Tan. 8.
The propeller North American arrived to-day
with Ijiverpoi)l dates to the 24th ult.
On the continent; Franco has notified Austria
that Napoleon will not accept of Austria and Eng
land’s interpretation of the Bolgrad affair.
Prus.sia is collecting an army for the invasion
of Switzerland, and the lattwr is w.armly engaged
raising twenty thousand troops.
The Persian War is progressing, but is un
popular in England.
Additional bt/ th* North Anierioanl—Nothing
certain is known of the meeting of the Paris Con
ference. The accounts are very contradictory.
The Lon.lon Globe .says if the government^ or
ganizes any difficulty betwceti Franco and Eng
land, diplomatic relations between Switzerland
and Austria will cease. Matters arc becoming
extremely complicated. Prussia in the mean
time persists in forcible measures, and has noti
fied the German Diet that her own troops are
sufficient for the emergency. 35,000 troops will
a'jsemblc at Berlin by January, to mandi under
Gen. Van Groben to Switzerland. The latter
FOR TIIE OBSERVER.
CURIOSITIES.
Mensrf. Editors:—-Some time ago Mr. R. T. I
Steele of Montgomery county, N. C , found on i
his premises, on Cheek’s Creek, some petrified j
hones apparently of some huge animal.
liy the recjuest of Mr. Steele, Mr. C. J- Coch
ran and myself accompanied him to the place of
discovery yesterday, and after digging into the
saud-stoHf a little, to our surprise, we found a
great (juantity of bones of all sorts and sizes,
which seemed to have been deposited by some
mighty sweep of the Ocean. They were all
closely imbedded in the red sand-ttone. VVo cut
out about t)0 pounds of bone. One which mea
sured about It) inche.s in length, and of huge size.
Samples of the bones can be seen in Pekiii or at
Troy It is suj>posed by those competent t>
jutlge that there is an immense (juantity of coal
imbedded in the valley of Cheek’s Creek, and a
meeting is to he held in Pekin on Saturday the
I7th iust., for the purpose of fortuing a company
to cominence operations. H
Jan’y 2d, IHot).
A beautiful thought this, that we find in one
of our exchanges; “If there is a man who can
power 18 behaving with great gallantry. lhv . . • , . -.i n i i w :
• , . til II 1 » I > eat his bread in peace with (jrod and man, it is
popu ation had been ca eil to arms, and respond- : ^ .
ed enthu.siastically 20,000 will be armed im
mediately 10,000 under Gen. Jiourgerze will
defeml the pass at Basle, and the remainder un
der Gen. Ziegler, will garrison Schaffhausen.
The van and reserve will operate in the field.
Unlimiteil credits for military purposes have been
voted. The Federal Diet was convoked on the
27th of December.
In (Jreat Britain, the war with Persia is
unpopular. The Times and JWss, the latter a
Derby organ, both denounce it
The English and French press think it will be
the cau.se (d' war between England and Russia.
It was reported at the London Exchange, that
the Government was arming all the gunboats for
active service.
Private letters from the Paris Bourse continue
to show weakness in money matters, but the
position of the Bank of France still improves.
C'/mmerrial. — IjIVERi’ooL, Dec. 24.—Cotton
firm at an advance of onC(juarter. Sales lor three
days .o.’ijOOO bales. Flour steady, at an advance
of sixpence. Coii'ols on aeciiunt a 03j
\Vheat advanced twopence. Corn advanced six-
p)once.
ThK (’KI.NKSK Sl'tiAR CaNK —.\-J
published so many accounts of the produetivene.'S
ami rich yield of this new plant (though not near
all tb it we h ivc seen.) we feel bound to riotiee a
counter statement, which we lind copied from the
Baton Rouge (liou.) Sugar Planter. Such a
{laper, devoted to the interests of the growers of
sugar in the extreme South, cannot be a very dis
interested witness; becau>e, if sugar can be made
from the (’hinese plant in any part of the United
States, the monopoly now enjoyed by a small re
gion of the country will exist no longer. But,
for all that, we publish what tho Sugar Planter
says, to whieh our readers can give what cre
dence they like. ,
•‘That it may be cultivated as easily as corn,
is certainly most true. The best way to cultivate !
it is to sow it broad cast. No kind of grass will
interfere with it. It will become one solid cane
brake. Great care should be taken, however, i
that it be kept from spreading; that it be not al- j
lowed to enter the fields intended for the produ-;
cing of other crops, as it will soon take entire |
possession of the ground. The sugar jdanters iu j
this region are exceedingly cautious that the seed i
of the Chinese cane be not introduced on their ,
plantations.
“That a sort of sugar can be manufactured
from the Chinese cane, we make uo doubt; so il
might of corn stalks, and we risk little in express
ing the opinion that the latter .yill yield more
and better sugar. Our sugar planters have taken
the pains to grow this Chinese cane and run it
through their mills and brought it to the sugar
point, but they have thrown it aside, as fit only
to encumber the ground, to the detriment of other
pnxiuets of more profit. It is absurd to think of
its ever becoming one of the staple productions
of any country—it is impossible because it won’t
pay.”
Rktort Courteous. — In the cour.se of Mr.
Stephens’s speech in Congress, on .>Ionday last,
he was arguing that the Missouri restriction was
declared null and void wherever it bad extended,
by the Compromise measures of 1^50—
Mr. Ca mjibell, of (Jhio, desired to know
whether Mr. Stephens understood the repealing
clause extended beyond the territorial limits of
Nebraska and Kansas.
Mr. Stephens replied that he understood by
the declaration that the Missouri restriction was
inconsistent with the compromise measures of
1850, and, therefore, was pronounced null and
void, to be confined not to one place more than
anjther. In the course of his remarks he stated
that Mr. Campbell, two years ago, had predicted
that there would not be another Kansas-Nobraska
majority iu this House. He had appealed to the
people, who had decided agaiust him and his
party. This reminded Mr. Stephens of the law
yer who wished to speak in court after his case
had been decided. The judge told him he could
not do so; whereupon the lawyer said, “1 was not
arguing the question, but only cursing the de
cision.” So it was with the gentleman from
Ohio. [Laughter.]
Mr. Campbell replied, that in that trial of the
case there was false testimony on this very prin
ciple. Witnesses on one side claimed that the
Nebraska act meant one thing, and witnesses on
the other aide said it meant something entirely
diff'erent.
Mr. Stephens. I suppose the gentleman from
Ohio was one of the witnesses and some of the
people of his district did not believe bis testi
mony. [Laughter.]
[Mr. Campbell came within 20 or 30 votes of
losing his election, in October, though formerly
elected by a large majority.]
State Librarian.—At a meeting of the Trus
tees ot the State Library, present, his Excellency
the (iovernor, and their Honors, the Judges of
the Supreme Court, held on the 5th, Mr. Oliver
II. I'erry was re-elected Librarian.
Ral. iitandard.
We learn that Maj. Gwynn has returned to
this City, having completed the examination of
the works of the C. F. & D R. Navigation Co.
His report will probably be communicated to the
Legislature on Monday next. The impression is
that it will be favorable to a vigorous prosecution
of the work.—Kalcvjh Standard.
Worth Noticinij.—A demure and pitiful looking
client came to a Lawyer in this place a few days
since, and offered him a 84 bill for services ren
dered. The legal heart was touched with the
pathetic countenance of his client and banded the
money back; with instructions to buy some Christ
mas doing.s for the wife and children. It has
since been ascertained the client was a rich old
bachelor.— Clinton Indepmident.
the man wlio has brought that bread out of the
earth. It is cankered with no fraud, it is wet
by no tears, it is stained with no blood.”
A CARD.
undersigned would respectfully inform bis
B. old friends and customers that he can be found
at the Store of C. E. Leete, where he will he glad to
see them. J K. McUON.ALD.
Fayetteville, N. C., Jan’r H, 1mo7. 72-tf
i'igarsl ^'igarsl
CHC>iOE LOT of dilfereut brands, just received
"V tor sale by
Jau'y 8, 1807
CHARLES BANKS.
71--W
l‘L()l 1>L()IX;|{n!!
ejk ^ *T i’L'>L(;ilS N’.> lu, II .')0 and 0(), just
ir r
assorted .\>s. for sale by
Jan’v •, 1857.
PETEK I*. JOHNSON.
71-ot
i
.W!) LAST CALL.
LI. persons indebted tu the subscriber by Note or
Afi ouiit, are re'juested to make immediate P'O’"
; ment. .Vll who fail to pay by the first of Ffb’y next.
’ will tiud their Notea and .Vccouuts in tiic hands of
have ; oilicers f.,r colKctioii rLTEK 1*. JOHNSON.
Jan'y ■'), 1857. 71-^t
NKW voKK vi)\ i*:irnsi:Mi:N r.
sTii'Li: i\ii I i\iv iiiu iiiioiij;.
KDW.VItl) LA.MIiKKT CO.,
55 ( liiiiiilti r> Sircel aiiil 33 Kcailf Slrrrl,
OI'I'OSITE THE 1*AKK,
ILL be prepareii on and after Jan'y 1st to open
w w their .''ruiN(i l.\l 1‘OKTA Tl* >N, coniprisinj;
an extensive and varieil assortment of choice, novel
and desirable
Siik €iii€l M^anci/ iwoods^
Adapted esp.x-ially to the wants "f tirst class North
C'rirulina Merehants, an'l which will be otfVred at the
very lowest market prices.
Jan’y 1, I8n7. 71-;im
;\Ri>i:.\ SKIDDS.
•Yt’ic i'rop.
ASI’AKAOUS.
L5LANS—Early t’hina,
Early Valentine,
Early .''ix-weeks,
Large Lima.
BEETS—Early lUood Turnip,
L^n^ lUood,
Early Bassauo,
White Sujiar.
BHOCOLI—Early White.
C.\BBAGE—Early Yerk,
Early Sugarloaf,
Large French Oxheart,
Large Vork,
Flat Hutch.
Late Drumhead.
CAL'LIFLOWLR.
t'.\ R R()'!'—Early H oru,
Lonj: Ornnjrc.
('ELEHV—White Solid.
CORN—Sweet or Sugar.
C UCU .M15 E K—Early Frame.
Long (ireon.
Gherkin.
EG(I PL.VNT—Long I’urpV.
LE TTCC E—White Cabb-igo.
•M E LON—N utaieg,
I’ine Ai>ple,
Water.
ONION—Large Red,
V. hite I’ortugal.
I’ARSLEV -('urled.
P.VRSNll’—Long Smooth,
r 1.1’I’KR—Sweet Miiuutain.
R.VDISH—Early Short-top.
White Turnip.
S1'IN.\’H — Round.
SALSIFV, or Vegetable Oyster,
M^UASH—Early Yellow Bush,
Early Crookneck.
TOMATO—Large Red,
Large Yellow.
TL'RNIP—Early Flat Dutch,
White Globe,
Kuta Baga.
All fresh an.l genuine and of growth of 1850. For
sale wholesale and retail by
SAM’L J. HINSDALE.
Jaa’y 8, 1857. 71-3ti
Dividend No. 8.—F. N. P. R. Co.
,4 SEMI-ANNUAL DIV^IDEND of 0 per cent, or .i!3
per share has been declared, on the Stock of this
Co., payable on and after Monday next the 12th inst
JNO. M. ROSE, Sec’y
F. & N. 1*. R. Co.
Jan’y G, 1857. 71-2t
CIUKI.KSTOX'
.MBDICIL J01R.\IL AM) IIEVIEW.
C. H.lPlMILDf, .11. D., Editor and Publisher.
The twelfth volume of thisjourn.il commences with
January, 1857. It will, as heretofore, be inde
pendent of every local place and influence, and will
be devoted to the interests of its patrons, and to the
advancement and dissemination of sound views and
correct observations.
This journal is issued on the first of every alternate
month. E.ich number comprises one hundred and
forty-four octavo pages, and contains a STEEL EN
GRAVED PORTRAIT of a distinguished Medical mau.
The volume begins with the January, and is com
pleted with the November issue. It will thus contain
six Portraits, and eight hundred and sixty-four pages
of reading matter. °
TEa.Ms.-—FOUR DOLLARS per annum, ix ai>v.\nce,
which entitles the subscriber to receive his numbers
FEEE OF POSTAGE. Subscription to begin with the
January number.
fSieif- Persons wishing to subscribe should address
us by letter, enclosing which will be at our risk
if the letter is registered.
C. HAPPOLDT, M. D.,
Charleston, So. Ca.
Jan’y 1, 1857. 71 2t
30 Corn Sliellers and Straw Cutters,
just received and for sale by
PETER P. JOHNSON.
Jan’y 5, 1857. 71-3t
CIGARS! cTga^S!!
A FEW FINE BRANDS just received and for sale
by J. N. SMITH, Druggist.
Jan’y 5, 1857. 70-lmi
K. .M. MURCHISON. a. J. UOWELl.
MURCHISON dc HOWELL,
Commission Merchants,
No. 104 WALL STREET,
1K£:W YORK.
*
5" ”
5'
CT3
cc
o
O
I I 1 I I I I I I I I i
s33D3:’Bga^ao
CO S3 ^ ST _
OOOOO^O'rOpO '^
^ ^ '^33
^ t C P “
a ^ ^ ^ c -1 o - »
^ 2 2. O O —O
O ““ o V 3 2. — ®
3 c . ^ a ^
(T? _■* K - cr
- 'Jj c>
CO ' X' o t'-' J - -
-2 oJ o o .X g g g g g
-■ ^
^ ^ CO
— Ti-,—1 coVi-^4—
:x .-X ci o ^
o'ci'— CC ^ iv' rv g
.—, ^ ^ I,, N,./ w> w
—J 4“
y
Iw
O
Ci
cc
^ I
o oo ac
o r:/ o
o o o
o ex o
tZj
O O
O O DC
o o c;
O'i'
-I in
CC
O Oi jT-
rc/ »—*
(X
- I wi
-I
^ X —
w' ^ — O
OCo'4_ —
O -I 5 o IC in * =
o w o o li c:
c
CO cc tC IC O X
«C I—> W O —.
^ o
cc W o V'
" 4- iO
O O
«>; Ii cji ci
tc- cc CO Cl ^
-i- O 3 ^ U/'
^ § 2-
— xiTi—5 »
C 4- -I -1 -J _
— ii. v> *x 2. —
^ r- ^ S 'r ^
rc. ti
tC — /I
X VC:'
—' X -• — -
I i i t X I i •
Ii C
I
C Ii iT X /: Ii —
o 2. o
— o
X O i'> X X
~ Ii o o i I-:-
o li o w c; —
? iii I
2 “
C C". OC O
^ to ’
Cl- a. a- c- 3 “
o o o o -a ®
Ii£
o li 30 c_ 5
F“ ^ I '*'*■ Z- ^
?: I ®
Ii — O — X - I
I I I I I I
4* I i iv iO fci CC ic CO I i CJ'
ti_5 o _o -u c3_o_o o o ^
“co“o o "o'bo"o “o"o o o"o I5
OO — OinliOOOOOO
OOOOOC5000000
1C?!
hi >—‘CCC7 coaoin^— Oin
jx ya xj-J —_io^T
“iCIi"o"x:■—'oc'o'*—'cn'i->
O-^X -J 4-0000 i-'—*0
— X00^*“0.— OOOti
— “ ^ — 2. C
Ii ZCK g
"i: o «c o o oV.I:,; o oV.li ^
ciotcoooiix'o — or;”o
lij—* Ji CC O_X ic cn Ii 5 ®
'^j'o —'i'l'i'i'o'i’ 'o'o ^
Qc —I i’' •*- ~. w' i'l X o c;i — “
tc >— X o i’l "C' c; —
OBSERVER,
PAYIjTTB VILLE.
J1«NDAV’ EVEMK. JA.MIARY 12^ mi
Condition of the Banks in North CarJ
LINA.—The statements of the several Banks i
this State, for 1855 and 1850, transmitted U
the Public Treasurer to the Speaker of the House
of Commons on the 27th Nov. last, have bee
printed, making a pamphlet of 77 pages. Deem
ing it a subject of great interest, as well to the
public at large as to the stockholders, wo have
spent several hours of wearisome labor in rcJuc
ing the 77 pages to a space within our ability- to
publish in the Observer. The result will h
found in another column. Though in some un
important particulars imperfect, the coudens.-d
Statement embraces every itMn essential (q .
correct understanding of the condition of each
Bunk. We could not always separate the forei^u
and domestic exchange (as funds out of the State
and within the State are termed,) as they are not
generally separated iu the Statements, but we do
>not think the amounts will vary uiaterially from
those given,
Tbe foreign exchange embraces all the deposites
in Bank.s in other States, all bills made payable
iu other States running to maturity, auj jjj|
bank notes of these States.
In the amount due by North Carolina banks
we have included notes of N. C. banks on Land-
and that is the rea.son why the amounts due lo
and from N. C. banks are not the .same.
For the sake of comparison, we have taken the
1^ I earliest statement of each bank in l!^55, and the
j laiest iu 1856.
It will be seen that the bankiu;/ capitai is m-
crt-ased 61,OS5,UO:j. The surplu.s or reserved
fund is increased SI 10,7X5, (though the liauk nf
tho State has divided §75,UO0 ot its surpiu.,.)
I’he circulation i.s increased The de-
posites are increased §1 it5,>U5. The discounted
notes are increa.sed 8901,5(>4. The foreign ex
change is incri asi!d S74-J,(ji)5. The .'.jx-cic j., i„.
crea.sed
Tlie increa.-^ed bank cajtital consists mainly of
in the (’ape l-Var bank, $400,dOO in the
Bank of Clarendon, and ?50li,o00 in the bank of
Wiliniiigton, all which were authorized hy the
last Legislature.
The inerea.so of circulation is not in propurti.^n
to the iucrea.fc of capital.
The tipecie i.s not increased iu proportion to
the increased capital; but it is made up in what
is equally available and more profitable, a lartre
increase of foreign exchange and some increase of
State bonds. The notes discounted are not in
creased in proportion to the increa.se of capital.
The foreign exchange and specie together
amount to M,4jU,052, Vhilst the liabilities for
notes iu circulation and deposites are S7,072,71.t'.
fehowing about feo in available means for every
§7 of liabilities, exclusive of liabilities to the
stockholders for their capital stock, without call
ing in any of the discounted notes, amounting to
nearly ?7,000,000. This is unquestionably a
condition of great strength in the aggregate. Of
course some of the banks are stronger than others,
but the public has abundant reason for continued
confidence in them all.
©
r
(gj
^^^00^liCn04-
-i-noticico — ^300
pi-. 3
O O O li O O -•
ac -I -I il i; S
ti O —4 .O CO P
Ci 1-2 c^ Ii' cc cc cn C^ 4- CJ 0>
0 o—oo
'ac Isi "co CO o ^'tit^-
i-i — o li o --I ^ —J ci
inOti — O4-li4-C00CC0~v|
09 5;
+ -f -H- n 2.
CC4-CCCO^CC.f*.CCC5i—‘Oii^o S’
li04-.p—‘COOOO.J5»IinO^
^cc c: j'l J® i'*' “i* ^ ‘^5- —
4^iOOO»^(>i4“Ccccoi~^ —2
oo -I CO Cl Cl cc ^1 X O 4-. i' ■
O"'44*C5O^JOC0CC+-r-iO
cni-i|—iiotototch-i tO^OC»'2.
cc+-cc-^i—
^ li o o ®
00 — ^'^'o'4-li'^l'bo'oi'o ?
tiOODXCHf— iiCCil'OXO
C5 0 4-CC4-.^OOti,^OCC5 *
^ in -
CO ti li ti o ^ L ™
j-i ti ci o CO cr- — li ^
iri "00 li "4-"o "o li Ti %> =
OOti>+“CCOOC/»— i*4-tiC5^^
-^tiOC04-i—‘COOli4-4-Cx* ■
4—► cc ^ ^
jc ^OJX •—J— 2.
^
X.^0C4— liOC“>*-OOXiC
ICi wv oo O C* r-*
*
ft
m
E5
0
(JD
41
li
o
» ,
CO
I ^ ^
^ CJ1 “-I C5
^ S => o'tt o'o Ot OD O
o^OQoooo—aooomo
I—‘oinooociooccoo
ti
a
tC cn Ci
O Ci 4-
r’ S: S o o o O' o
*^OOOoOC;tOOOOO
ti ti
C7» “-I ^ CO
CO CO O CO
O CO to
c
^ tc CO O o y
JLT* o ^
cc DC ^
CLi O
O O T3
^ 'OC ^
•-S
-t C7.
I-- oo O OD
^ • ' W c
o JO (t> ^ 2.«
“^"o P''bo'bo'bo ^ O'
Crt to oo 2 *s
o ^ oc
Spinsters.—Formerly women were prohibited
from marrying till they had spun a set of bed
V/e could wish that the Wilmington Journal
had inserted our remarks in reply to its long ar
ticle, (icAjWt we published,) on the relative ad
vantages of the river and railroad. Its readers
would not then have hal to rely on the Journal’s
supposition as to our meaning. And we think
they would have had the benefit of some views
on both sides of tbe question.
There is a reason why those who have engaged
in getting out coal “look anxiously to the river,”
viz: that they had invested heavily in it before
the rail road was projected.
The Journal gays that the Schuylkill naviga
tion is gaining on the Reading railroad, iu trans
porting coal. Uur impressiou is, that both trans
port to the utmost extent of their capacity, and
that the capacity of the road is far greater than
that of the canal.
The Journal says, “It will be found that the
§700,000 spoken of by the Obnerver will not
build the railroad. Did not the arrangement
with Silas Seymour & Co. contemplate an expen
diture of nearly half a million iu excess of this
fund?”
It is a pity that our VV'ilmington friends have
not entitled themselves to more accurate informa
tion as to our road, or that when the information
was given to them by the President of the Com
pany, a few months ago, they paid so little heed
to it as to magnify the cost half a million of
dollars. The contract with Seymour & Co. was
for §784,000, of which 884,000 was to be paid
in stock. But since their failure to fulfil their
contract, it is found that the work can be done,
and has been dont, so far as it has progressed, at
much lower rates.
We asked a question as to the mortgage of the
works to the State, and why they should pass out
of the hands of the'State, the Journal said
:hey must. The Journal has not answered the
question, we regret to see. Tbe public would like
to know the facts about this sale and mortgage.
P. S. By this morning’s mail we learn that a
Committee of Investigation, with Mr. Baxter as
Chairman, has been appointed. The facts on this
and other points may be obtained in this mode.
Extrkmes Meet.—W’hilst the leading poli
ticians of South Carolina are openly laboring for
a dissolution of the Union, Massachusetts appears
to be arraying itself, more and more, iu favor of
the same results, though of course for very dif
ferent views of the same great cause. Eighty-
nine citizens of W^orcester, in that State, (with
“others" whose names are not published,) have
signed a call for a meeting in that city, on the
15th inst., “to consider the practicability, proba
bility and expediency,” of a separation between
the North and South. They think the Union “a
failure,” and that the hostility between North
and South will rapidly increase, “being the off-
res
tbe
demf
of
doi
The .
kept
one p
ders,;
honor
to put
have p
pure.
party; ;
patroni
there, i
and be
The
plea of
consefju
bill,
the
tion.-i
Society,
ing
will
W
furniture, and hence were entitled spinsters until I spring, not of party excitement, but of a funda-
married. Now a days they spin street yarn. 1 mental difference in education, habits, and iaws.'^