From the Nashville National Union not commenced in the most fortunate spirit nor h»s it
JOHN BELL’S K K C O K D been conducted altogether in the mann*r which the n»-
/ . ture aud intrinsic delicacy and difficulty of the subje«t
.Mr. bell entered the public service, as a ! demanded. A disposition has been manifested, and
representative in (-ongrcss, at the age of thirty- j sentiments avowei by some gentlemen, equally unex-
one years. It was in 1^27. towards the close of i pected and abhorrent to my feelings. It has been open-
the Presidential t«rm of John Quincy Adatns. J
u 1- .\ % • T \ Rs a contest between free labor nud slave labor; be-
and shortly preceuinj^ the election of Gen. Jack- lahoriuiic States and those whose citixens, it is
son to the Presidency. I>uring the marked and . alleged, do not labor. It is openly and Tauntingly pro-
eventtul administration ot the latter, many great : claimed. b_v one gentleraau, to the complaining sections
and exciting questions arose and were decided, for ■ iutere!*t8. that, it they »)iall not be content to ^^de
\ n . • i- I by what he IS pleased to call the established poucy of
sfoou or evil. Ail the strong uassions ot our / • . i .. i» a:_
. j j 1 L • -11 tbe couniry, “they may lake the con.xequ«nces! 8ir,
nature were roused and brought iiit.o action by the j jjg alarmist, but when I reflect upon all 1 see and
greatest talent and address on both sides, and the * hear connected with this subject, when I look to the
growing disiraotions of the country, I feel myself jus-
titied in designating the ?uni of what I shall .«iay upon
ilti>» question, a.- ii plea fur ihn Cmon! Upon such a
.suViject upon an occasion so interesting—I shall not
cousiilcr myself cither as a tarifl’or anti-tariflF man. I
claim to he con.sidercd and to be heard as a representa-
claim to be heard as the advocate of higher interests
... , ,, 1,1 I thati tho.se which ave the immediate subject of con'^idera-
mutives which probably actuated both. | a question whether the farmer
very fabric ot the government was shaketi and
convulsed to its centre.
Though acting, throughout this exciting period,
with a party, with the principles ot which he in
the mam agreed, and to which, so far as jtrinciple
was concerned, he wa.'* t'vcr niithful, yet, Mr. Hell i tive of the whole country, moat anxiously conoerned for
was at no time so blindly attached to the one !>'* permanent prosperity, its stability and glory. I
party or opjK»sed to the other, as to be insensible
to the
More intent upon watching and noting the ! «hall get seventy-iive cents or one dollar and twenty
peculiar tendencies of our system of ‘'overnment ! tive cents a bushel for his wheat: whether the wool
—the dangers which most beset it—the points I f cents a pound
t ** 1 1 ,.u ,.1 1-1 for his wool; whether the planter shall get eight or
most exposed to attack, and those to be particular- cents a pound for his cotton; or whe.her the
ly guarded—more intent upoii the solution ot . ui.mufacturer shall make twelve aud a half or twenty
these problems, than zealous in the success of I nor cent, upon his c.vpital. The interests of wool and
everv party movement, he, at times, incurred the } of woolens, of cotton, of iron, of sugar, and of the whole
censure of'some of his partv friends for what ap- i domestic products, sink iiyo insignificance in
J ^ r ^ 1 i.ti I comparison with tho.se which now force themselves up-
peared to tIuMll inuifterence to the interests of the attention, and claim our I^uaniian care and pro-
I lection. The interests of domestic peace, of free Oov-
The truth is, tliat the qualities of Mr. Bell’s j ernment. of liberty, itself are involved in this question.”
mind, and the views which, at a very oarlv period i statk ok thu rxio.'t in 1832
of his public life, he formed of the nature and ! . “What then. Mr. Chairman, is the state of the Union?
tendencies of our government and of the duties of 1 of Ihf gTeatSrahundance of all the nece"
American statesmen, utterly disqualified him from j ^.ven comforts of life, that God in his provi-
ever becoming the blind follower of any party I dence ever .lecreeil to be the rewards of virtue and in
leader, however great and distinguished, or a sue- dustry, discontents, jealousies, and rancorous section-
cessful partv loader hiuKselt, it the condition of liaies have arisen and are encouraged Fostered by
, 1 1 *1 • , , these uiihappv feelings, disaffection to the Oovdrnmeut
such leadership were a ready compliance on his , „,^kes a' slow but steady progress in the hearts of
part with all the dictates ot mere party expe- j thousands of honest and patriotic citiiens. A want of
diency. confidence in the mutual justice and forbearance of
What these characteristic qualities of M r. Bell’s i brethren of the same political family manifests itself,
mind are—what his views of the teffcencies and ! -0"«Jence in our system, consequently, iti every quar-
, . ■ ■ ^ ^ ter, hax diminishes and is diminishing. Men s minds
datigere perttiining to our system ot government »nd unwonted channels, and up-
and of the duties ot American statesmen and i new theories of Government, for a country of such a
and for the purpose of securing to the National Legis- I nority, respeoUble for its numbers, its t«lents--and j Population of Ftnntylvania T**® I Th* Albtmarle and Chet^j^^ake (’an-ti
• .c ^ ^ ^ . 1 I r\f ifo mAfnKAi*a fMP VtPt.llA . X _X* Ann ttu iL IS I ivrtAnf IQ Tur->1/l1v . i •
what the principles which have governed him
throughout the whole of his long public life, can
be made very clearly to appear by reference to a
few passages in his political record.
MR HELL IN 1820
ms Ul'l.VlOXS ,\S TO THE SAFEST MOPE OF 1
CO.NSTKUIXtJ THE CONSTITUTION—THL 1‘RIN- '
CIPLE OF 0»M1’RO.M1SE. 1
The following pa'^.sa-re occurs in a speech de- I
livered by Mr. Bell in the House of Representa- |
tives, on the l*th of Kebruarv, on a bill for I
the preservation and repair of tlie (.Cumberland
road:
“While I am upon the subject of this diversity of i
opinion which exi'ts a« to the safest mode of construing
the Constitution, I hope it will not be considered im
proper or prf-'iim; tu •'!- in ni*' to ni ke a remark or two
in regs’d to :!ic 'v n t-i'-.i: jMriie' which divide tlii>coun
try upvu:n! 'luestioi;? ot tl;’s kiu J i’ut*v hai :lieir ori
gin a?-fur bacK ;!iP l''ji ti):i'ion oi'the Fei!eral ci.mpact.
Their foundations w,>re]Hi.l in 'he ■■Htferonrc t { sentiruent
which prevailed at ih^it rime, as to the wis lorn of ihe pro-
visons of that instrutuonl They ar**, in short, ihefrujt
of that di.corJ of ojiinions and I'eeUugs. without a com
promise of whii-h at that time, we should have had no
Constitutioii at all One opinion was. that suSicienr j
power was not conferred upon the Federal Government i
to a.'Sure the quiet, happiness, and prosperity of the
couniry; while the opinion of others was. that the p*iw-
er actually conceded would prove too strong for the
preservation of liberty. The most zealous and active '
of the p^rtizan'i on both sides never abandoned iheir '
creeds; both parties became sufficiently powerful to pro- '
pagaie their opinions; and as one or the other predomi
nated iu the aduiinistrntion of the (jovt-rninert. a tine- '
ture of the favorable notions of eai'h was infused into
its measures. Both have soujjht. by construction, to ;
make the Constitution what they wished it to be in fact; ;
the one by enlarging its power? beyond it« letter and
spirit, the other by narrowing them down to the stan
dard of their wishe.'?. .\lthough ii will be seen that I
know and feel what party has had the ascendancy for i
several years past, and where the great danger is, yet I
it may be said that both these great parties are in some
degree hostile, not to liberty, nor to their country, hut i
to the Constitution as it is written; to that instrument j
which we are bound by the most sacred obligations to
support, to that insiruuient. to which, for one, lam dis- .
posed to cling, with or without «uch modifications as
may be effected by amendment Both the great parties I
to which I have alluded seem to me to have abandoned '
the pnncipl: of compromitt. I would adhere to it as the I
only principle by which the Slates were able to agree
upon any compact, aud without an acquiescence iu
which, we are not destined Icng to enjoy the blessings ,
of the one adopted. //. sir, irho $hill renounce the ex
treme? of both the>' great piirties, as dangerotis to order '
and HMon-. he, who, by his talents, experience and
weight of character shall succeed iu placing himself at j
the head oj a jreat conftilutionalparty, and shall become '
the advocam of the administration of the Government 1
upon the principle of compromise, as it was understood to ^
have operated in the formation of the Constitution, will !
deserve the highest gratitude of his country. ' [Sec j
Congressional Debates, vol. 5, page 34'.).] * |
It cannot but be regarded as a most extra
ordinary coincidence, that, more than thirtv years '
alter the utterance of the.se opinions, ‘‘a great j
Constitutional party” should rise up, which, “re- j
nouncing the extremes” of both the other ureat '
parties in the coujitry, ‘‘as danj:erous to order and i
union,” should be led by its high estimate of Mr. '
/it/fs “talents, experience, and weight of char-
ajter, ’ to select him to lead them in a contest f.»r
“the admini.stration of the (iovernment upon tht' ,
principle of cjinpromise, as it was understood to :
have operated in the formation of the Constitution'.”
M.H. BELL IN
HIS sfEEOH O.S THE TARIFF, .H SR 8tII, 1 S.'Vi—FLK.\
FOR THK I'MON—PTTr OF A EFPRKSENTATIVK.
With the dangers which threatened the Tnion
in l';52, in conse.)uonce of the intense discont-nt
which prevailed in the Southern States, and par
ticularly in South Carolina, at the working of the
protective tariff, many of our readers are acquaint
ed. To this discontent and its threatened con
sequences, .^Ir. (.'lay alverted in his openingspcech
on the sul)ject of the tariff, in the Senate, during
the session of that year. In allusion to menaces
of di.sunion wliich had I»een heard from South
Carolina, he entreuted “the patriotic people” ot
that State “to pause, solemnly pausel and contem
plate the frightful precipice which lay betore
them.” “To advance, wa.s to rush on certain and
inevitable disgrace and destruction.” The danger
to the Tnion, however, did not lie, he thought,
on the side of persistence in the American system,
but in that of its abandonment! Could it be ex
pected that two thirds, if not three fourths, of the
people of the I nitcd States would consent to the
destruction of a y)olicy believed tf)be indispensably
necessary to their prosperity'/ Let New Kngland,
the West and the .NIidiJle States, together wnth
the mammoth States of New Vork and
diversity of pursuits and interests; upon theories thought
to he exploded, or renderel useless, by the practical
operation of the established goverument, until lately.
The value of the Union itself, its date, and the conse-
qnenoes of its disruption, begin to be tolerated and can
vassed in private discourse—nay, in public debate in
this Hall, when, but as yesterday in the period of our
exist«'nce as an independent fieople. to breathe such
discourse would have been thought little less than down
right blasphcniy.”
cosniTioN or h.^rtiks i.\ 188‘J—kxtrgmk uocTRisits
OF THlt INFALLIBILITY OF THE Sl'PRKME COURT O.S THK
! O.VE HA\D ASO OF .M'LLIFtCATtON ON THE UTIIER.
"It is now more than forty years,” continued Mr.
Bell, “since the adoption of the t’onstitution, and has
I the contest between the original elements of party, as I
have described them, ceased'* I answer, no'. The war
between them, acquiring new vigor from the infusion of
'e!fi"ih, political, and mercenary- calculations, on both
sides, has. at this mon^ent, reached its highest and
ni 'S' critical juncture. In some sections the whole
couniry is in a state of mental conflagration In the
■ intensity of tlie conflict between the extremes, the
leaders on the side of the republican or vanjuished
party—for vanquished they are—cry out, and drpartmg
' ^rom (he .'•ptrxi oj the Oon^titution. proclaim their determi
nation t'> uc-'ej't no eompromue; while, on the other side,
the victors. thP maj»'riiy—that majority which holds
I the ii»stiny of this country in their hands, more calm,
equally determined, but with less excuse or reason, an-
n'j'jnce their determination to yield nothing' Ves. sir,
in the face of an imploring country, the majority pro-
‘ claim th.-4' ra;h«-r thttu one jot or tittle of the powers
i they exercise, or the advantage they enjov, shall pass
; away, they are ready to stand the hazard of the entire
overthrow ot the wh^de fabiic of our policy aud of our
; glorious Kepublic. We. too, they proclaim, will make
uo compromise, and let the minority "lake the conse-
, quences!' This is the language of those who control
: the issues of all that is dear to the p>atriot, and who are
I able to dictate the pages of the future history of this
I country. It is not surprising that iu a contest which
I menace? tlie repose of the country, the leaders, on both
sides, should start new and untriel theories, for the
I purpose of efJ'ecting their respective objects .\ccord-
ingly, we find that on the side of the victors, in order
to secure the benefits of t heir conques' forever, the doc-
I trine of tne infallibility of the Supreme Court is avowed
■ as the only means of securing the stability of the Gov
ernment. f)n the side of the vanquished or republican
party, the doctrine of nullification has been invented,
I and is proclaimed as the ..n!y inrallible mode of eflFcct-
I ing the same object. These are the tests to which all
I questions of power timier the Federal (»overnment are
proposed to be broueht for final decision. But is it not
' manifest that both these newly invented doctrines are
equally hostile to fte spirit of the Constitution” .Not
to the Union, for both parties. I verily believe, are
friendly to the I nion, but to a I nion upon their own
t’^nif’. Is it not manifett that this is a contest between
j two extremes, equally distant from the irue medium
I point of the Constitution’"’
I IMPORTANCr TI- THE COf.STBV oF A MIDOLK OR MOOER-
ATS PARTY — .HOtiKRATIO.N ASr> i'OM I’RO.MISE THK ONLY
salvation for THfc fol NTRV.
“Mr. hairman, in the almost interminable w.aste of
hope which lies before u«, there is one bright spot to
which tiie patriot m.iy direct his eye. in some confidence
that relief may come. In all the past civil strifes and
revolutions which have agitated this country, and some
times threatened its in!tiruiions, there has always been
a moderate party of "ufBcient strength and«infiiience to
turn the balance between the extremes, and to impress
upon the action of the Government some portion of that
.spirit of iiivdernti'in and rompromtxe which are character-
i-iiv OJ the 'ontlitulion tif'lf. This middle or moderate
fi.arty is never in much esteem with the extremes on
either side. It is said to be composed of men who are
more di.«posed to submit to oppression, than to preserve
iinimpaire i the rights of freemen. Still, to this party
1 choose to cling; and we shall see who will prove the
stoutest defenders of the liberties of the country. Thi.s
party has always found its supp.ort in the good sense
and moleration of the great boiy of the people. It has,
in fact, owed its existence to the sound practical judg
ment and good feelings which, I trust, notwithstanding
the vices of the time, still constitute the leading traits
in tile .\merictin populatiou. It has been the sound uii-
corrupted sentiment of the great body of the .American
people, which has always heretofore stepped in be
tween the combatant leaders, and brought them to terms
of compromise. It is this public sentiment which has still
caused the republican party, when in power, to become
less rigid in their construction of the Constitution,
than when in opposition. It is the same public senti
ment which, when the federal party, being in power,
have indulged their enlargingpropensities too far, either
displaceii them, or retained their action within reason
able limits. I trust there yek remains a portion of
thr.t pure and unaffected public sentiment to preserve
the country from the confusion and discord which now
menace it. The contest may become even more violent.
What to dayis only a breeze of popular discontent, may
to-morrow swell into a very tornado, threatening to
overthrow and prostrate in the dust all Ihe sacred edi
fices deiiicaled to freedom on this side of the Atlantic!
But still my trust is in the solidity of their foundation.’’
THE DfTIKS (IF AMERICAN STATESMEN.
“To calm,” said Mr. Bell, “the rising elements of
discontent; to assuage the feverish symptoms of the
body politic, is the business of every .\merican states
man! An American statesman! Who and what are the
duties and ai tributes of an American statesman at this
d ly? They are. or they ought to account themselves, the
high priests of liberty, administering her rights for the
benefit of her disciples in every country; for this favorite
I'erinsyl-
vania, become firtnly persuaded that their industry
was paralyzed and their prosperity blighted, Ijv the , .
enforcement of British colonial svsteni j.’.wipr i Such is the high and
the delusive name of tree tradc-llt the.n American statesm^^^^^
, , iCi.J I crrcaf carp r»l a.n A rnnrt/»»n afa.lAttmori^
that they were the victitu of a mistaken jiolicy,
and despair of any fjvorable change, and '‘fhen,
indeed, might we tremble for a continuance of the
Union.”
“Here, in tlie languge of an eminent states
man now deceased, “was an appalling picture
presented: di.ssolution of the Union on either
hatid, and one or th'i other of the alternative.s
obliged to betaken. If persisted in, the oppo
nents to the protective system at the South were
to make the dissolution; if abandoned, its friends
at the North were to do iti”
With this brief reference to the condition of
the country at the time, we shall the better ap
preciate the course of Mr. Bell, as a representa
tive in Congress, at that perilous crisis.
“This debate,” said Mr. Bell,
lature that knowledge of the interests, Bentiments, and j even for the jirtues
condition of the whole country, which ctn be only had ' "■*”“* *
through t. representative ^osen by each amall section
or district. 'The interests and ooaditions of %ach sec
tion are entitled to be considered and respected in the
legislative enactments, but only in the proportion which
they bear to the aggregate interests and sections It
may and often must happen in the career of this Gov
ernment, without any concert or desigu, that a
jority, either large or small, shall fashion the legisla
tion of the country and administer the (iovernment in
reference to their own interests, without a due regard
to the interests and condition of iections represented
by the minority; but this is an evil which is necessarily
incidental to all societies aud to all governments, great
or small. But, sir, when in this country, a majority of
the representatives of the different aecfiotis in Congress
shall admit the principle, and establish it in pi^ictice,
that it is their right and privilege to consult the in
terests and prosperity which they represent exclusively,
from that moment the actiou of the Qovernment becomes
vicious aud tyrannical. Congress can no longer be heU
up as the geeat council in which the rights and interests
of the whole people may be consulted. The Government
ceases to I'ulnll the end of its creation, and the pro
scribed interests and sections must be expected to re
dress their grievauces in any manner they are able.
There is no example in history of the submission oi a
miiioritv, under such circumstances, when it had the
power of redress. Whether those in the minority shall
be able to redress the grievances in any waj’, always
depends upon circumstances. In the present case, I
know not whether it is to be regarded as good or evil
fortune, that the proscribed interests and sections lie
in a compact form, constituting many contiguous States,
giving them facilities for redress which no other cir
cumstances could afford. If the pre.sent action of the
Government is to continue with unabated energy and
vigor, it is surely fortunate that the means of redress
are convenient and acceptable to the oppressed interests;
but if under the smart of temporary injustice the bands
which bind the Union shall be precipitately sundered,
all earth may well deplore and curse the fatal facili
ties for so instant and fatal a remedy. I trust there is
no settled purpose in any portion of the oppressed sec
tions, to avail themselves of the means of redress which
they may have at their disposal; but I conjure those who
sway the power of the House, seriously and earnestly to
consider the alternative of modifying a system of policy
sustained upon the principle I have described, or of
beholding, sooner or later, the Union broken up, and
this last and noblest sanctuary of freedom polluted and de
stroyed. I trust I do not offend by lifting up an ad
monitory voice upon this subject at this alarming junc
ture of our affairs. I speak in the sincerity and with
the fervency which belong to the representatives of a
portion of the people of this country, who. so far from
having any disposition to countenance disunion, regard
such a catastrophe as the last and direst calamity which
fate can have in store for their couniry, short of abso
lute slavery and oppression. Bul^they cannot close
their eyes to the dangers which stare them in the face,
and they invoke, through me, their brethren everywhere,
of every quarter of the country, of every party and of
every pursuit—to concede somtthmg to thu greattjit com
mon lutrrent, the $a f»ty of the Unton."
In the same speech from which the foregoing
extracts are taken .Mr. Bell said, the “immediate
and pnictical question” before Congre.ss and the
country was as to “the deijrtt^ uf prutex-tiuM which
ought to be given to manufactures, under all the
circumstances of the country”—whether the then
existing tariff system should be “enforced with
rigor, or in a spirit of concession and moderation.”
Believing the system to have been pushed to an
extreme, and seeing, a.s he said, that it had “been
the means ot bringing the country to the very
vercp of disuDiOD,” he expressed his “strong con
viction of the neccesity, in the existing state of
the country, of modifying it.” It was modified
by the celebrated Compromise Tariff Act, which
was pa.s3cd very shortly af'terwards. When how
ever, under the practical workings of this act, the
degree of protection afforded by it, fell below “a
just and exjiedicnt standard,” Mr. Bell favored
the p>olicy of raising it to that standard.
e\trb»il9 of i'aetv i.s 1832—si Li.triCATio.ii anl> the
roRCK BILL.
s of many of its members, for virtue , census returns of Pittsburg and its suburbs, it is j grand improvement is rapidly apj roadu,'
ive attribute of any one parly, such a i foot up 130,000. In the year pletion, and even now, in its untirn.-l„i > ’ « I B ^3
Itl r AAAFI ( r. fl»r t^H rAftl ! ' . * . . II- 1 * I • . .. ”* '•>
is never th« exclusive
i ‘”"^7 f r
kpe u Amepico “itiiens, in being depri,,l of *11 «- ; proper has 55,00U. The population on the south Dgnng the past flscul year, wl.ile tt,-. ,
tual participation in the government of the country, sJde of the river, including South and Weft rltta- were at work, and the canal partia.l!y
eompelled to obey laws and be the sublects of a policy, , burg, Birminc^bam, Kast Biriniiighatn. Mononga- by them, and of a conseqUfenee. but paj; ^ '
prescribed and directed exclusively by their opponents; | TeriJperanceville, will reach 18,000; Al- there were one thousand six huii ir.d i, ,’
l l.ghL„, cay 35,UW; and the rest is in .he inc^-1 ,„„r „sseU registered at .U
common cause with the spirit of fanaticism itself, in an i porated suburbs and adjacent townships. >V e came through from .Nortli taroiina i,,
elfort to right, or, at all events, to avenge their injuries. ' most of the Pennsylvania cities and | These vessels, at an average of tiltj
This is the danger of our system.” i tovvns a.s below:
Philadelphia,
Heading,
York,
.\llentown,
j would give us over three thousaiid i n,, )j.,
130,0X> I counties tributary to the canal 'Ihevf
18.000 ! ling facts, and tend to provt the vast iii,
13,.*>00 1 of this work. The canal is nov, wiihii,
13.000 i thousand feet of being cut ihroti^ih, anug,;,.
10.000 j feet water. In a few weeks more v,'i. ,-•
7,989 I feet, and during the coming season a;i1
I be able to pass all vessels drawing seven
Feriodical (hmrt».—The following list of pe- ; a few weeks a daily line of tow boat.-, w];
riodical comets, with the years of their re-appear-i on*the canal, and vessels couiitig thr..
ance in our skies, will interest those who look af- ' find this the most expeditiou.s and >ai,,
ter these mysterious bodies. It will be .seen that | fpooj the island waters of North
memorable one of i X'jii-.H: ,
660,000 I Pittsburg.
■J-1,>00 I Lancaster
1-4,802 } Norri.stown,
1:^,000 I Pottsville,
10,000 j Easton,
8,047 Wilkesbarre,
De Vico’s comet and the
(Charles V. both return this year
(Jitraet. Period. Discoverer. Place f>f Discovery. Return.
Encke
De Vico
Brorsen
Winneck
D’ A rrest
Biela
Faye
Peters
Tuttle
it,.”?
Pons
France.
18«2 1
6 5
Ue Vico.
Italy.
ISttO 1
5.0
Brorsen.
Denmark
IHJVZ i
5.G
Winnecke.
Prussia.
18‘j3
0.4
I> Arrest.
Saxony.
IS-JI
O.ti
Biela.
Austria
7.4
Faye.
France
12 8
Peters.
Italy
1872
13.0
Tuttle.
America.
1874 ;
69.0
Westphal.
Prussia.
1922 I
76 1
Apian.
Bohemia.
1912
•J92.0
F bricius.
•\ustria
18G0 !
Henry Clay and John B^ll.—The intimate
relation^, known to have existed between the
great statesman and O-eorge 1). Prentice, Esq., of Harrisburj
Louisville, impart interest to the statement which Scranton,
the latter gentleman has ju.st published iu reply
to inquiries, or allegations in relation to Mr. Clay’s
opinion of Mr. Bell.
On the election of General Taylor to the Presi
dency, no little anxiety was felt in regard to tte
formation of his (’abinet. Among others, Mr.
Prentice w^as written to, from Louisiana, by Capt.
Allison, a friend aud relative of the President
elect, and his opinion asked as to the best men
for tilling the several Cabinet offices. Mr. Pren
tice very judiciously learned, personally, from
Mr. Clay himself, his opinion upon the subject,
before writing to Louisiana. At a personal inter
view had at the Galt House, iu Louisville, by ex
press appointment of the Kentucky statesman, he
spoke highly of Horace Binney, ot Philadelphia,
and of Mr. Clayton, of Delaware. Mr. Prentice
goes on to say:—“We do not at this time remem- j Westphal
ber all the details of the views expressed by the i Hailey
great statesman, but we distinctly remember that i Charles \ ^92.0
he named Gov. Morehead of North Carolina and The great comet of Donati, whose magnificent j iron for the Wilmington, Charlotte A: Hmt.
John Bell of Teune.s.see, as among the men who j apparition in 1858 is still vivid in our reeollec-j Railroad.— Wihnin'jton Journal
would make first-rate Cabinet officers. Nobody i tion, will not reappear again, according to the ! —— -
ever heard Henry Clay speak of John Bell except i best calculations hitherto made, until after the i Oprra.—\ new Post
in terms of hirh respect and regard.” I lapse of twentv-one centuries.—Boston Jaurnal. P«ney Creek, has been established in \ -
” ^ _ _ _ I - I county, in this State.
Emiynitinn from the British Met.—The emi-i Blondin on Fire—Narrow Eicaye.—Mons. , Also, one called Flag Branch, has beei,.
gration movement commenced in 1815, on the ; Blondin, the celebrated tight-rope performer, met | li^^hed in Union County, W ilson P. GadJ .u.
close of the great European convulsions, and since j with a serious accident a few nights ago during j ed P. M.
that date it is calculated that 4,920,574 persons j his exhibition at Chillicothe, Ohio. The Cincin | ^
have emigrated from the British isles Of these ■ nati Gazette says:
1,180,735 went to the North American colonies, j After dusk he gave a performance of trundling
2,960,706 to the United States, 686,899 to the | a wheelbarrow across a rope, and to make the
Australian group of colonies, and 86,234 to other I feat more terrific, he encircled himself in a blaze
localities. The annual average from 1915 to j of fire-works, which were ignited simultaneously
1H;>9 was li>9,347, and for the last ten years 248,- | with his starting. Before he had accomplished
958, illustrating the well known fact that of late , half his task, one of the pieces prematurely ex
emigration ha.s proceeded in a greatly accelerated : ploded atid set fire to his clothing. The peril of ' Fine Rains.—Several refreshing rain.>'t
ratio. It cannot fail to strike every one who i his situation could not be seen by the thousands , this city last week, greatly to the relief of a
glances at these figures that we have su^eeded : of spectators below, in cons-equence of the con- and vegetable life. From the appearance n
somehow in divertintr, by the excessive prices de- | tinued emissions of sparks, and the adventurous . clouds, we judge the copious rains of Fridav
manded for colonial land, the great bulk of our , Blondin had nothing to do but walk the rope and i Saturday last were general. We underat^;.'
emigration to the I nited States, although this j suffer the torture of being slowly roasted. Hav- average corn crop will be made in Wake an:
ing accomplished the distance, he, by his own ; counties adjoining.—Raleigh JSpirit of iht
efforts, succeeded in extinguishing the flames, but . ——,— ^ “ -
not before his back was very badly burned. j Drought in Texas.-— e a>e a letter j;
. 1 I “Alto, Cherokea Co., Texas, July 4th,'
Uariny Feat’.—A daring feat was accom- ! says; “We have had no rain for more tbau
I
Davidson Coll^je.—Prof. \Vm li
ot the University of Georgia, ha-
Professor of Greek, and Lieui. (reu. ,\i i;
the N. C. Military Institute, Proie'->nir * \
Philosophy and Astronomy
The President's chair was tilled at ,
meeting of the Board by the olectiuti ul [jf
dell, of Tennessee.
Iron.— We noticed the arrival (in
afternoon of the Br. Barque AreiiirA;-
Car I iff, Wales. She brings a cargn of4*j.)
Rain.—After several weeks of sever.f ;•
! in this section, we had fine rains on Su;.
i Sunday and Monday. The corn crop L-
I greatly injured for the want of rain, and ri
j it ruined completely. The late rain wi.
some localities, but to no great extent.
Charlotte /Am^
was formerly not the case. Thus, from 1815 ti
1S34 the emigration stream flowed more freely in
to British America than into the United State.s,
the emigranbi to the former regions having been
402,681, and to the latter 268,633, while from
1834 to the close of last year the emigration to
Canada amounted to 784,054, and that to the
United States to 2,692,072. In short, tha extra
ordinary fact appears that Canada is not so attrac
tive an emigration field now as it was thirty years
since, the emigration thither having amounted to
plished a few days siace on the Erie and Canan
daigua branch of the New York and Erie Rail
road, by John J Delaney, engineer of a train.
He was coming down a fifty-three-foot grade, near
Millport, when he observed a child playing on the ! at all, at $2,50. Bacon, not tti be had at any
track ahead of his train. He immediately whis- | You have no idea what a time it is here is: T
months, and there are hundreds and thousdi
acres of land in corn which will not yield a ;
to the acre. Flour is selling at 810 the lia-
Corn, almost none here, is selling, wheti it -
6,r,?i0 last year and to 13,307 iu 1829, while the tied for the brakers, but on such a heavy grade, and It is really distressing. Texa^ is a Lard
toul emigration was 120,432 last year, aud only so short a distance, it was of no use He made
31,198 in lS >y. The emigration to Anstr.ilia al- ( up his mind in a second how to proceed. He ran
KO reflecta the disastrous policy of charging jKI
per acre tor land 15,000 miles fn^m Great Britain,
while it is to be had in the United States at 5s
per acre, 3,‘*00 miles off. Thus the emitjration
to Australia reached a total of 32,625 in l'41,
and in the following year, when the £1 an acre
was first insist«.-d on, it fell to 8,534, in lsl3 to
3,478, in l'45, to 2,229, •ind in 1846 to'59U.
The depre.ssion of the home agricultural interest
a^rain forced up the figures to 32,191 in 1849 and
16,037 iu lS5(j, and the gold discoveries have
since largely increased the emigration; but it is
nevertheless evident that Australia has flourished
not in consequence but in spite of the policy
adopted toward her.—London paper.
try. It won’t do for & fur mi ny country; lu
good stock country; and that is about the :
can say for it. I find hundreds of North
linians that are going back, they >ay for soiut
to eat and water to drink. I am of the n..
Three years afterwards, in his celebrated speech
at Vauxhall, Nashville, referring to the exces.ws
to which the protective system had been carried
—to Nullification which grew out of those ex
cesses, and U) the Force Bill which grew out of
Nullification, Mr. Bell said:
“I have not yet shown how it happened, that the
questions which have arisen within the last ten years
came to excite so unusual a degree of heal and violence.
Need I attempt this seriously* What! have we so soon
forgotten, that while the party to w»«ch we belong [the
Jackson party]; while it.wa^ contending for the mastery,
and even for yr-ars afterward*, in some of the large
Slates in which the contest was most fierce and doubt
ful. each party, one in ordir to gain, and the other to
maintain, party ascendancy, and both utitirly regardless
of all other con-.eqiienpe«, conten led which should go
farthest in the support of both branches of the .Ameri
can system, the taritf and internal improvement? In
all history, there is n«t a more striking and character
istic inhtaiiCO of the absurd aud head.*«troug spirit of the
party. In rogard tc the tariff, all men of unprejudiced
feelings and judgment mu«t have s*en. and did see.
from the first, thnt the result would be either a re-ac
tion which migtit reduce U below a just and expedient
standard, or that the Union itself would he severed.
The iinmediate conijeijucnces of the extrem«s into which
the supporters of the tariff, in one section of the Union,
were driven, in a struggle for political power, was to
excite an extreme antagonist action in another section.
The leader* in the anti-tariff region sought to counter
act the excenses to which they saw the protective poli
cy was likely to be carried by a combination in its fa
vor. between both political partie.s lo the *iorth anu
East, thought it neces.'^ary to proceed to eijual or great
er extremes in order to protect the interests of the lui-
noritv to the South. This state of part'ies gave birth to
Xullitication, by which the projectors of it sought to
ejuaiize the action of the Uovernment, by questioning
the validity of its regular enactments, and seeking to
set them aside tipon the authority of a separate State
and local construction of the Federal power. liefore a
suPicient time was allowed for reason to resume her
sway, in correcting the excesses into which the spirit
of party had hurried both sides, so many political in
terests, so many personal views and resentments com
mingled in the strife, that an extreme remedial action
[the Force Bill] of the Government itself became a ne
cessary expedirnt, in the judgment o f moderate and unpre
judiced mm, though involving in its issues, civil war,
disunion, and a total overthrow of the Constitution.”
MR. BELL IN 1835.
K.XTRACTS FROM A SPERCH DBLITCRRO AT VACXHALL,
•NASHVILLE, ON THE 23RI> Ot MAY, 1835.
KXCESSES or 1‘ARTY.
“It will be a circumstance, in my course, to which,
long as I live, I can revert with conscious satisfac
tion, that I have ever opposed, what appeared to me to
be the exce.sses in the party with which I have acted,
with all the influence I could employ, and in the only
way in which 1 could do so without injury to its princi
ples. While I have studied to make myself useful. I
have never set myself up as a leader of the party or of a
party.”
MODERATION AN1> A SPIRIT OF CONCILIATION INDISPHN-
SABLV NBCeSSART IM THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE
GOVERNMENT.
“I have said that there was nothing in the (luestion.s
which have arisen within the last eight or fen years, in
this country, necessarily productive of the extremes to
which they have been carried. I re-aflirm the proposi
tion. Nor is there, from my observation, in the feder
ative feature of our system, or in the extent of territo- when he would take his COoking-stove with him
tion of and ‘cook his dinner on the wav.’"
along to the front of the engine, got down on the
pilot, and, when within six feet of the unconsious
child, bounded from the ensrin?. seized the child
from certain death, and rolled with it over an em- j that will return.”
bankment, safe and unhurt, barely clearing the ' Our correspondent also writes; ‘*1 havr
engine in his descent as it went thundering past. ' been voting ten years. I have always vute
, 7— - ,, I Whig ticket. Bell and Everett stand high
Fertertly Cultural. The “Camden Register, | j-f^Qston should withdraw from the canv:.-
published in Alabama, says: ‘ President, I think Bell and Everett wiii
“A\ e run up our flag to-day for Breckinridge ^eiaa is a r«ion State,
and Lane, the Democratic nominees for President i Salifhuru \S'ut> }nn
and Vice-President of the United States. We
have unwaveringly contended /c/r the Inst ten\ The Crops in Tentusse..—A letter
^ iw lennessf.t.—A letter Ui.,.
ytar* that it would be better (for all concerned) ! gentleman at Lebanon, Tenn.. dated Au2u>
to make two, or more, distinct governments of the { says:—“Not only is the heat excessive, bn’
territory comprising the United .States of Ameri- , drought is dreadful. In this part of the Stitt
More of BlonJins Frtaks.—On Thursday blon- i ‘‘’’'J ultimately be done there ^n j have all the appearance ot a tamine. Tli. ft.
din favored the populace at Niairara with another I of doubt; but it should be done with though it promised abundance in the parlv
of his exhibitions The Buffalo Advertiser de-^ the season, has wilted and is dropping off t).c *
srril.*a th.- nerforinance thus: believing that the party to which we hthmq is The corn L« an entire failure. Everybody b
^ . , 1* • \ only reliable one to carry out this , nlaininff and looking blue. What fall may do;
.Mpocn^. and cugheen.ng of ^ ^ ^ ^ P « / p„. i.im,, ar,
guj,. .Mr, Blona.o .t five minutes pas. four p,ck. | priaciple, to the fu lest ' hi"b-iolrf Jmost out of »lf.\.t ”
cd up h.8 balancing pole. ,.teppe.i nimblj u^n abllitie.," ! " -
the rope, and «taru-d on hi» jounie) for the Bn- Kegiater is right. It wants the Union Seized tip'm b) thr U
tish province o dissolved, and supports the Vaneev ticket as the j—TheDemocracy heldaCounty .'le.;: .
ward Ihe centre of the cable he seated himself „,eans of effecting that obiect. .411 who I .MeConnelsburg, Pa., last week, at which a r,.
skirmish was indulged in between the Dousla-
very complacently, and took a look at the scene
around him; starting again, he proceeded toward
the other shore, again .stopped, lying at full length
upon his back for a moment, turned a back sum
mersault, and, regaining his feet, walked rapidly
t'j his landing place, having been but five min
utes on the trip. On his arrival he was greeted
with a cordial shaking of hands and cheers, while
the band struck up the ‘Marseillaise.’ Atti-r an
interval of about twenty minutes, he again made
his appearance on the rope, this time with a pic
ture taking apparatus on his back. Advancing
effecting that object,
entertain the same desire should and
with the Ke«;iater.
do unite
I Breckinridge parties. Much bitter ieoliiu’
I vailed, and the meeting broke up in a n w
.4n Old Man.—A man with a singular name, ; During the absence of tbe editor of the 1'
but who seems to have been able to survive the i crat, Mr. Sansom, at Cresson, the lUcv^^k;:-
infliction, is living in the thriving town of Rising ' party entered the office of that newsjiapcr.
bun. Ind. His name is Solomon Pangbom; he ! lated the forms, run up the Breckinridirii ti.i.
was borne in the City of New ^ork in 173.^, when | issued an edition of the paper under thui b:;
it was a small town of five hundred and twenty-
three houses. Solomon is therefore 135 years old,
and is able to split rails or sail a flat-boat. His
name has never been mentioned as a candidate
for the Presidency, but he is and has been for
The affair has created considerable e\Litr
A personal rencontre also took place, la.*:
after the meeting, between Mr. Sansum s
A. Smith, a Breckinridge attorney. Sari.Hu:..
Smith the lie, when the latter collared hiui
parties were then separated.
The Syrian Massacres.—The Svrian iiia*
some liUO feet from the shore, he stopped, lashed
his balancing pole to the cable, unstrapped his j fifty years a Justice of the Peace.
load, adjusted it in front of him, and took a like- - —
ness of the people and the shore—at least we ' Jane G. Swishelm, the well known Wo^
suppose he did, f^or he said he was agoing to, and man’s Rights advocate, has lately met her hus-are probably over, though they pioini'e
he squared himself, levelled his machine, and took ; band in Pittsburg, Pa., where she w:is delivering | followed by a long course of diplomacy Tr
aim through it, as these artists generally do—two : a lecture descriptive of the hardship she expe- j has consented to the proposed interventii n
circumstances which would go to show that the j rienced while her marriage relations with him I Great Powers, and the 1onvention is now h '
‘pictur was took.’ Having evidently completed , continued. As the lecture was spicy, it of course ; at Paris. Tbe English Government has d«
this to his satisfaction, he shouldered his machine, i attracted large audiences, thus assisting Mr^ S. j to send a mission to Syria to be headed bv 1
unlashed his balance pole, and went ahead back-j to accomplish a very laudable object—the pay-i Dufferin, who is principally known here »
ward to the place whence he came. In a few *nent of her debts. She now writes to the Pitts- amateur traveller and author. He ha:? tm'
minutes the little man was seen coming towards I burg Chronicle that she will probably not deliver
that lecture again, as she and Mr. Swlshelm
thought of making “an arrangement.”
America attached to a heavy, lumbering chair.
^\ hen about a third of the way out, he placed
the chair upon the rope and seated himself there
on, crossed his legs, and gazed around with appa
rent unconcern. He then adjusted two legs of
the chair on the cable, and again seated himself.
Coming nearer to the American shore, he again
stopped and sat down; and then got up and stood
in the chair! Mr. Blondin reached the shore ap
parently not much fatigued, the whole perform
ance having occupied about one hour. He was
cordially received on his arrival, many of the spec
tators, ladies and gentlemen, pressing forw'ird to
shake hands with him. It was announced that
his next exhibition would be on the 15th inst..
‘it seems to me, was
groat careofan American statesman? To pn>terve our free
inttitutions. I will not go into an argument to show that
the only effective mode, of discharging this great trust is to
preserve and cherish the Union. That is an axiom in
.American politics, I trust, too firmly established to be
overthrown by the theories of any new professors in
the science, however distinguished for genius and
talents. \\ hat is the next (treat duty of American states
men' So to administer their offices as to secure com
fort and happiness to the greatest possible number of
the citizens of this free country. These are the whole
law and the prophets for the guidance of our states
men. These are the sum of all the commandments in
the book of our political faith.”
majorities anu MINORITIES. Ut COCN3F.I.9 MUTfAL
concbssion for thb safktv or thk iniox.
“I maintain that each representative is, by the theory
of the Government, a representative of the whole people
of the United States; that the principle of a represen
tation by States or districts was adopted for convenience
m making the selection of representatives by tbe people,
ry over which it operates, or even in the institution
slavery itself, as established in some of the States, ta
ken together. Or separately considered, which essential
ly impairs the prospects of harmony, duration, and a
prosperous action of our system. If we except the dan
ger to the local society into which slavery is admitted,
^there is no peculiarity in our condition from which we
have anything to fear, except in connexion with the de
signs of bad men, who have, or may acquire an ascen
dancy in one or the other of the two parties, which
must ever have a decided influence upon the action of
the Government. Even, then, some of these peculiari
ties are useful, rather than injurious. They present
formidable obstacles to the consolidation of power in
any one set of men. or any party, founded upon un
worthy or bad motives and principles. As long as
modebation and thb spirit or conriLtATioN shall pre
side over the administration of the federal government
any faction which shall seek to divide the Union, either
by rousing a sense of injustice and inequality in the ac
tion of the government in one section, or by seizing up
on the delicate and inflammable question of slavery in
the other, can always be shorn of its strength and de
feated in iu object, without the slightest convulsise sen
sation in our system.”
tb« bbal danoeb to our ststxm or government.
“The real danger to our system, as in every other
sptem of free Qovernment, is a vioiwiiDarUy action of
the government itself. A proscribed and disregarded mi-
way.
Baltimore is to have a Grand City Park in time,
having purchased “Druid Hill” at a cost of 8500,-
000 for that purpose. The grounds have been for
nearly 150 years in the Rogers family, and were
occupied at one time by Col. Nicholas Rogers of
the U. S. army, during the Revolution, an aid to
General Du Condray and afterwards to Baron De
Kalb. He was a man of great taste and bad a
passion for landscape gardening, which has been
preserved on the place and in the family. Druid
Hill is famous for its fruit trees, and -especially
for its pears. There are forty thousand trees, of
which ten thousand are dwarfs and all in bearing,
and more than 600 varieties of pears costing
twenty-five years of labor and an investment of
$5O,O0O. This old family homestead is to be
preserved in its integrity as a public park, and to
be known forever as “the Druid Hill Park."
Covetousness.—In his volume of sermons, Dr.
Fuller says: “For my own part, I have long been
oonvinoed that the love of money is the most com
mon, insidious and fatal sia in the church."
-4 Wise Rebuke.—The following anecdote is re
lated of the late excellent Joseph John Gourney,
of Earlham, by one of his family circle:
“One uight, I remember it well, I received a
severe lesson on the sin of evil speaking. Severe
I thought it then, and my heart rose in childish
anger against him who gave it; but I had not
lived long enough in this world to know how
much mischief a child’s thoughtless talk may do,
and how often it happens that talkers run off the
straight line of truth. S did not stand
very high in my esteem, and I was about to
speak further of her failings of temper. In a few
moments my eye caught a look of such calm and
steady displeasure that I stopped short. There
was no mistaking the meaning of that dark,
speaking eye. It brought the color to my face,
and confusion and shame to my heart. I was
silent for a few moments, when Joseph John
Gourney asked, very gravely:
“Dost thou know any good thing to tell us of
herf”
“I did not answer, and the question was more
seriously asked:
“Think, is there nothing good thou canst tell
us of her?”
“Oh, yes, I know some good things, but—
“Would it not have been better, then, to relate
those good things, than to have told us that which
would lower her in our esteem? Since there is
good to relate, would it not be kinder to be silent
on the evil? for charity rejoiceth not in iniquity.”
Conscience.—A good conscience is to the soul
what health is to the body; it preserves constant
ease and serenity within us, and more than coun
tervails all the calamities and afflictions which
can befall us without.—Additon, ,
extensively through the Holy land.—X ^
Arrival of Lady Franklin.—Amoni^-
passengers who arrived at New York on Jfat '
morning from England was Lady Fraiikli'
companied by her niec«, Miss Cracrut’t '
to remain in New York two or three wee»-
the guest of Mr. Henry Grinnell, through*
liberality the Grinnell expedition was tiite
Bathers Drowned.—Dr. Dummer, ot J'
City, and John Whittaker, of Trenton
drowned whilst bathing at Long Branch uu ■
Two young men, named Gardner and Ii'-
were also drowned at the Hi;hlaifd;3 wbil?’ '
>«g-
Changed his Tunt.—Less than one wee*/-
Bennett’s New York Herald said that
•Bell nor Douglas could obtain a single
vote at the approaching November election
sapient Bennett has now changed his tun?
last Friday's issue, we have the followinsr
From the divisions among the democi*^'.'
Virginia, apparently beyond remedy. ’
astonishing forward movement of the new ^
tutional Union party in North Carolina, f’’"’'
crushing defeat of the Breckinridge denun'ra'^.^
the late Kentucky election, from the irr«?p;*” .
split in the democratic camp in Missouri, it
highly probable, it not morally certain, that
and Everett io November, will carry
Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina. Ken''* '
Tennessee and Missouri, a string of .
Southern States representing sixty-nine
votes, or a majority of eighteen ot the wholt’ i '
toral vote of the South.
Plenty and indigence depend upon the ofijy
every one has of them; and riches, no nii-'K '
glory or health, have any more beauty or p
their posiQssor is pleMed to Ico^
_ FAY E
^TKlRSUll EV
Ihe PRiisiDL.Nf
mentincideut to -jur
and it will be some
is aroused to hn\ vt
va3« for the Prtsid
para tive calm there
the people of tbt
ture deciding what
polls in November
i.»e excitei.^nt aga
rotJIed to a degree t
the condition of aiFt
XVe assume that
the defeat of the HI
petuity of the Unio
.South, and there ar
leaders, who cheris
confederacy, atid wl
success that tbe
union But that is
They love the Unio
terred; they seek to
tiuuance will benefi
lution win be most
are tbe Black Rept
the Democrats det
their own candidate
There are 3Uo el
are necessary. W
obtain them':' lie i
ot the delegates trot
California and Ore
Convention of the
l)ouglas. It is not
riJge will be run at
The officeholders in
orders from Washin
tickets, and may do
aham. But suppos
Why, four years ag
organized Democra
Whigs, barely su
Northern States
tween Douglas and
over either wing is
licans. A Breckin
ern State, every ma
a tew thousand vot
his chances for a sin
small enough notv, •
is too plain for argtft
to command unive
Mr Breckinridge’s
for him a united
dispute this claim,
have already demo
t.five him every S
fornia and Oregon
and his strength fo
Alabama,
Delaware,
Georgia,
Louisiana,
Mississippi,
North Carol'na,
Tennessee,
Virginia,*
Oregon,
Arkansas,
That ia the atretij
ridge it is/«•»
he re^uiro.s to succst
fore, for Mr Brteki
Aud now as to th
Douglas. Where it
votfcsV Our Dciuoc
we concede him a
t«ral votes of Alaba
as he will unlc«
I'iVerctt. At the
and two Itcmocnitii;
dering it absolutely
be elected, doe.'^ any
State except flliti.U!
two years ago J.inct
iireckinridge men
running a ticket th
uiile.s.s his triends n
Everett and divide
We thiuk it is pi
nor Dougla.s can
We suppose the Det
this. Suppose the
House. Thirty-thr
vote each. Seveiitt
!#venteeu votes be
ridge or Douglas?
There are fourtee
cratic majorities, vi
fornia, Delaware, Fi
iana, Mississippi,
lina, Texas, Virgin
parly they represent
aud Breckinridge,
one of the two who
than they could in
unite, they still lad
to elt-.. The ilou
the election there
bitter strife which
Speakeiship last W
at ail, it will be
second choice ot al
ous experiment, w
can be avoided.
The nominees of
can be elected by t
as we expect to si
ere long be able to
tucky and Missour
It will not be lont
the New York su{
cratic nominees ha
there to assure Lit
great State with iis
Editouiai. Cii.-
has retired from tli
succeeded by C. K
the name but not t
now called the Asl