North Carolina Newspapers

7 I I. I 1 THE SENTINEL. v r Editor. BEATOJf' GALES, fatardtty, March 31, MM, X" The Veto, w- " W "offer no apology forth tpac which we message of tb PwddocW vetoing tb Odious Civil Bight Bill ,W Could pnblirt nothing, ' w ar ture, mar acceptable to our reader or v- OUT people;- Ti mttMffi aiitut th lTeilraiJ-orin(r - " - C I hope. If any uch existed, of a possible compro mise between Andrew Johnson end Thaddut 6'evens, nd hi Cocgrwdooal follower. It la, in fH, M emphatic declaration of war agiinit th Radical and their reconstruction ytem, root nd branch. lilrhCT and higher th President ascend in bl grant! bUtoiUs pition. From tbdy of hi acceaaioa to the Presidency, w hare sus tained him, and it it with pride and with ex cecdins irratiflcatloa that w can ey, that oor most Mnguin anticipation, to hi nugna nimltv. clcmenev and Batriotio. bat been . ' m nnch mora tha Katized. Teithnonr Before th Eetoatrnctloa Com mitte ' Sd, Indeed, In ftitur day, , will be th re minictice of tho actor connected with th effort of th BecoMtroction Cotuniltte Ur pnjudic tb Soutbera people b for th coun: try, In order to juatlfr o ptiit tit grot ot fence ; cominUted : glnt hnnunity, troth, pace, and th early restoration of quiet and btnnony to tb country. If eontclence I not wholly blunted, th dy will eom,whea Hi bitter reriionttranee will tort th cry from" themt "IUmorm! umerul" History will write the doom of tho mea, both Xorth and 'StMiiW'm'tSef TBifllerence'' which now unhappily !t In ew one peaceful Republic Tfce.tos'lu'ony UVso by th Como4tt U o yoluniinout tbtt w cannot even tffordonr read , en 1 IfdWye tlw of It, Th Utimony of i Senr-lrtn"'gtr 'Wig-M truthful and sincere, and to wet) corresponds r i wh-th-tte-flf thw olr HBowflrrthat w ! . thould be glad io glr It to "oarreader; but it to testify, .ttprm ontb, to) th statu and feel Ings of Korth Carolina, w ahould carcely lter a word of Gen. Le't testimony. There 1 but t one point, which w can call to mind, iliout which w ihmild differ with him. That is in ' i referene' to th CMtrmU debt, If he meent 1 th.'debt eontrscud, by th lt Confederal - " tjoternment-That quetIo -h no Wn mootiwTln Jlwil Carolina. " US one, we judge. t hat entertained th remotest bop or dctir of ' t paring that debt. If it were submitted to our people, w think It could not ncelra S.000 rote. Our people ar o poor, they would be glad to ftnd torn honorable method of getting rid of all their debt. But, In th absent of this, w ar ut .they would' neither pro pot x to py th debt of th dead Confederacy, nor repudiate th Ktlonl debt. Th debt, incurred during th war, they looked uwn dif ferently, n6TwouTd not har repudiated It but for the tacrine which th President demanded of them. 8o far a th people, who invested In Stat bond, were concerned, they invented in . them, not to help on th wr. If that had been their design, they would have preferred ConfuU ratt bond. Th ol object w to find a taftr investments hn Confederate bond tiorded ; and, having implicit eocfldenc iu the Integrity of th Stat, they invested in br bonds. igit gBindisManditrMte, invariably chose Stat bond, without inquiring whether th Btslfl coalAkwfidly or ntatiojiUy i at th debt, i They therefor regarded that debt a a hoM JU contract between contracting, part let, and bene th reluctance of our people . to repudiate that debt, when to many innocent parties, widow nd orph. children, wer t l ... reduced to pcrmy by it, , : Tlie following lentibl andp"abiotto K-mtrkt of the New York itpruW, lniregsrfl to Ucceral Lee' Uwtimony, w heartily endorse M W civ in full th testimony of General Lea, because, a th evidettceof the great miji trv leader of th rebellio"., everybody will be Jnterr"ed in reacting it, r.peciny to recara to .1 . & .... . I. I. " I'taea- -l ....pti thacUca.vg.istnra. of ..tJiadfJrWi presume, too, riiuf vnerai jee u as wcu quail. " fieri, from hi personal obervatio8i and knowl dtre of p ililic simtimtnt in Virginia.- as ny v "other man Ja the Stats, to r-preent that' mwple fairly be for the fb construction LoniraTtiini. In tin view lil" ttmertt a to what the ' V it jjsinian are prepared, and r'..at tbey ar not prepared, to do in tba way of reconstruction are. upon the whole a much a could b eipectedi If thev are hot in rsDture over their ubiu- gation as rebels, they ar at lnt disponed to utimit to the nw onier ot thing ua trie ' Freidenty policy in crood faith; and in the . midat of the ruin ot tli rebellion they ar too much horied m tit truggl for eiiteneo to . ... I . 1 , . . J : oe concemea mine piois oi pouiifai acfia gogue. This is an important fact, and, a with their beat effort to recover from their broken fortum-s. it will reqnire from tbe Southern ixjo- -pre hear of steady labor to repair the damage t tw ww'j thoie weea e tean ot nimiuir fruut them w itb their renioratioa to Congres,' : ,- ,5 V ., . .. . -, v A Qrir. The oTVwf eharge with peaking faWly, because, in alluding to -cWmfS-davit of ti. CoC CItpp befor h reconttruc tiott committee, said it had cloeed th door against North Carolina, after admitting the tfft- davit of a'tlni;! tojourner. At that Cm we bad not tee the ttatemtot of Jlr, FesMndcn, and In. erred ft om what w tw tbatJLt Col. CUppwas th only witneu. Korarsw yet advised tbt Gov. Obaiam ever tendered, wit ret or that uid witnes or witnesaet bare been eitiiiined, Mr. Fettcnden snd othtry said that alt the wllncue tendered bad been examined, and that thq dbor wa not closed, alter our arl tli le f Writtto ; at IeaJit we did not ee It until ' af e-warda.: What witness did Cor. Graham UniW, wliO tu bcua cxauiincd f ' Prpfetsioa vt. 1-T?!ctice. ' ' V -H Action peak loader than word. Tbi i j trite, but it i rr.ot trua. There are mll -I class of men. and una or two presac, (not J more,) in the State, who profes to be friend., of tb President and aupportirs. of bi policy of restoration, btrt who are daily playmg into iU bamUvf tbe Rdi-4a, sod hM ?r do- &&yLj-9UcjV our people. TbeBtate i proclaimed a diiloy-I a ana "miffi t h th . i-ie in tho n ot the loyal State of Pennsylvania and Ohio." t Standard. Jsn'v llthl the ncoole are falsely ! chargeri with pcrsettltinff the Quaker and driving theft' from the Btate, on account of ; their Union proclivitie, the Governor, the Li:giilature and t'l Pre are brandi-d with in fidelity to the Government, and every other effort sad to retard the good work of recon- , ciliation Hid harmony.' Th'te calumnie are rolled tweet morter under tbe tongue by the factionisU in "Corgr, and are daily cited in debate ae tuflkient ground for resisting the wit and beneficent policy of the President. Tbe ttrongett weapons with wMr.h Stevens and Sum'ehav9. !een privide(l,1q pierce the hearts of our crushed peoplu, batn lieen furnished from North Carolina. The chaiua with which they w juld bind us, hand and foot, have tn-en forge I in our own midst (by designing and Uifc appointed politicians, j And yet theeo men pi ' nd to be friends of th President! Juab approached Amata with extended arms, but .(tabbed him beneath the cover of an embrace t Th Case of Senator Stockton. Th recent c'.ion of tlie Senate ol the United 8tate, ejecting Pcnator Siockton, of New Jer sey, from his scat in that body, it the culmina tion of iniquity. The rase in nut shell i this : Senator 6tocktbn't right to a eeat was re sisted upon the allegation that he was elected by a plurality, instead ot a majonty, voteof ttre lygiitUTe.",r'lt Vmrnnitle- tf PrUilagj., 4 .wvacMuip.B-u, ... c.u.sy, . KB 1 -.1 .l ..e .. I Radical nlajorjty, to whom the matter ilier nBl cr Morrill, who bad paired uffwith Senator Wright, MhmaU Wld tick, y Lolttted hia solemu entiaueuiunt and honor, and roted for the ejection. This vote would have secured it at once, had not Mr. , Stockton, in view of tho base and infamous per fidy of Morrill, and in view of the meditated ' outrago uki1 the soverciguty of his 8'ate, voted in favor of his own right to the teat. On the 1 lueceeding day, 8umiier moved to amend the Journal, by expunging the name of Mr. Stockton , fRJfrJ tbriltt offtRrise voting, which wOUldleav a majority against him. The motion was tut- i tained, aod Mr. Stockton was ousted. The Destructives are thus, day by day, build ing up a monument of infamy, upon which pos terity will look with a shudder and with loath ing. South Carolina, An intelligent gentleman, who hat recently travelled through the country, on the track of Gen. Sherman's army, from Fayetteville, eva Cho ra w, S.'C, beyond Columbia, has juat given u the result of hit oberyjijiomv-. IIo tay, in tome rates the devastation was greater than be expected to find; in others, not so great In South Carolina, he say a, he found a more hep, ful spirit prevailing among .the peo ple than in th it State. There is also exhibited greater energy and enterprise among the fanner especially, a" ! the black are working better than in tlltaiet"Tleluniber'of Black hi been greatly reduced In the section through which hrjaatcdYtnitthos who remsiin eem to " be In earnest In labor and in the improvement of their condition. Inrtda, he think the farm er and negroes are much aided and encouraged oy tne prettnoin.-ers ot tne uureau. ine om- .. . . ,.i., , r i cers, at first tvew to lenient to and confiding in tbe black, that itidobmce Slid crim were pro- by the preMitoOi.--ers of the Bureau. The offi the black, that indolence and enm were pro mpted. Moat of those officer have been re moved, ud other aubttitutcd, who eemNto 1, thatVrery thing depends upon the indus try and f,.ySd habit 6f oe freedmen, and their efori are now directed,-under wle counsels, to erioou-sge-industry and prnmplnea among ths blarkt, and a proper regard ti tho inteiett of the white, at the readiett means of trono-' iip ion uuv iiiieretLa uiu ii-etioien. We are, moreover, inclined to thiuk, that much 'til. tli hjfwXubB and enterprii w hich prevail in South Carolina, i due to tho. nol.',, confiding and generou courts- purtued by Gov. Perry, auil tb Union men of that State, abd the absence of piete that are constantly decrying. and abusing those whojliffer withthejuWL venture the euertlon th.uif Gov. Perry had been Provisional -Governor of North Carolina,1' or any one of lika spirit and purpose, Korth Carolina would, fo-aay, hate been in advance of very Southern State, in meeting th wlahe of th President tnd of Congress. A Qntr. Tb- Standard claim "that th plated principle, cast reproach on the fair fame of the State, and inflicted a wrong on widows twi oroftarit: bf "rcBuMrJif -'fie'im'uuli'tirMir'of: thVstat debt. Our language Juttifle no w Implfcaunn. W have admitted time and again the right of th President to demand it, thg conqueror. H never voted for ccession. " But w do riot admit the tight of th Bute to, do It of her own accord, after tb rottd for (vocation. Nor do wc admit the political integrity and hon esty or any citizen ofthe Stat in that tinactIon, who voted tor tb ordinance of tccesaion, and vo ted men and mean to prosecute the war, a th Editor of tbe Standard and otbeia did, and then tarn round and advocate tbe repudiation of th debt incumed . by tho State. With the views, we can most heartily endorse and sustain tb President, while we repudiate tb Editor of th Standard, nl other repu distort, . Itrrerl, were mi imprcsseu n mi tue entire.iejjaiity - fnn, . xWU hi naatmat lr luppunTI thut I ""-'-.ujun,.wJIaaM.pwiirii i.mt,i;nttcw Riatea, or ,y jaje-, euojwi, i cesti unaer qul ann impartial mwa, tn eemtorm of'bit ::cWti to'""tl,ev pofci 'ess the reqiii-ite qualifications to entj w,, Put ,,r at,"mP' ' Pf .them int ) ex- j to tlicir jurisdiction." It cannot, bowewr.he ity with the provision of the Federal Com- r in i i- i . . .1 ii.. '.ii m ,.n ti, i.riuii,..,L . ,.,i !,.!,:. t ecutioh. It meant an olhcinl otlencc, not a com- msilv c!ai 'ned t hat, w 1 1 h a view to the entorce- tution. ' " , , report in hi. favor. This did not su.t the un- . tl" Jn ' 11 l '"'nU,P V ,,, crime committed gainst laa.. ULs '.Wniof th article of He- -CVwwritntimr.- There ' - MunOwritK'g'ZZZrr SLm.i.!h: ri.e effort ws- prerty-tIW-Wck-raee, Sttch nn is. t-pnWrrtry-necrsiry-'tbr ttre -weTCtie- of r thVlt in con9idering the bill. nd joint wSa- ' waa accordingly made to defeat the recommen- ti(n ( t may also t.e askeil whether it is nic act may deprive the black man of his property, all the powers w hich this hid confers. j tin forty two in number which havs be dation of the C'cmmitle. To thi end, Senator enmrv llial tliev sli.niH be dectnrr-ft c'tTV,,. ot of the-rito hold proper. h means -Slavery- bOT-lH-WttnTd, Sni at present thus far tubmitted lor my approval, I am eora- . PRESIDENT JonXSOS. -Vefcrof The Civil Eight Bill To the Senate of the Vnittd St'itft : . . . ' - ,ffpttw ftt bill VhichU.pa both of i't-ngrws-, cirfrticd Arrrt Uijjiruiwf all persons in the United State in brir-'civil nnis, anu lurmsn me tneas,ior meir vinuo turn, contain provimons winch 1 cannov p- prove consistently with my tense of duty to .i... ..ij.... .... ..'-Um.... ii. th whol pmhi ;trtHKW telh; Constitution of the United States. T sin there i . tore constrained to ret m n it to the Senate, the House in which it oriu&tcd. with my ob jertions to its becoming a law. By the first section of tin) billj all ferons born in the United Stati'S, ami nut suliject to ny fon-iftn power, cvcluding Imliarus nut tax-; ed, arc- ilf lared io eiut. of th United filatet. Thia provi; n roniprchenda the Chi m se of the Pai iBc jt -tes, Imijans aubjerl to taxation, the people ciillel trvries, a ue!l i the entire race designated as blacks, people i f color, ueproca, mulati'is and perxuns of African blood. Every individual of tliiseracea, txirn in the United States, is by the bill s citizen of the United States. It d ..; not purport to de clare or confer any othir riprht ot citiiiiisliip citiznsbip is jiHt a exejusivt iv with tlie sev- efl Stattfa aa the powe to conf' r the right of ; Federal citizenship is with Cougreaa. The right of Federal citienship thus to lie, ; conferred on the several excepted races before j mentioned, it now, for the Brit time, proposed j I to tie given by law. If, as it claimed by many. , ! til p rsons who are native-born, already are, I y ' - virtue of the Constitution, citizens of the Unf ! ted States, the passage of the pending I ill catt I not !e necessary to makcilum such. If, on the other hand, such persons are not citixcrs. ih 'may tie aasumed from the proposed legislation to make thein siicn, the grave question prern iell'9 il.Air ,eli. flier wlipn l,.efn nf lha lhi-i,..iv State are unrepresented in Concrww Bt-tli( i. i ,.i L.i;. tfl IBke our entire col- I i neufl m ,i.ii at 1, in mil 11 ill ici- kiiiIu M.m ! . . ,-;. -v, -. 7" , , . . . , , , , I i win navr ' fiuiTL't'd irotn biavcrv lnro essnrv TTiTtT -Tnrv-irnrmm ne necmrea Citizens, in or.br that tliuv niHj ls,Ture. in the enjoyment of .civil, rights i .'1 hoie rib1 .propuelto be conferred by the bill, are, by Federal aa well as by State laws, secured to all domiciled aliens and' foreigners, even before the completion ol the process of naturalization ; and it may safely he assumed that the siime enactment are sulli rtent to give tike protection and benefits to those for whom this bill provides special legis lation. Besides, the iiolicv of the Government. from its origin to the present time, seem to , have bee.n that persons who are strangers to, and unfamiliar withy-nttr institmion nilfl Bflx lim ! should pas through a cert aid probation, at the 1 end of which, uefoie attaining the coveted prize,' I they must give evidence of their fitness to re ceive and to exerciso the rights of citizens, ns contemplated by the Constitution of the Uni ted States. The bill, in effect, proposes a dis crimination against large numbers of intelligent. i worthy and patriotic foreigners, and in favor of I the negro, to whom, after long years ol boudsge. the avenues to freedom and intelligence have J now been suddenly opened. He must, of ne j oeasity, from his previous unfortunate Condition , of servitude, be less informed aa to tbe nature j and character of our institutions than be who I coming from abroad, has to some extent, at i least, tnmillaiized himself with the principles i of government to which he voluntarily en trusts "lite, IiiKirty arm the pursuit of bsppi neat.'' Yet it is now proposed, Ity a sifigte leg islative enactment, to confer the riiriits, of citi zens upn all persons of African descent bom within the extended limits of the United States, while persons at foreign birth, who make our land their borne, mutt undergo a probation of five years, and can only theu lvme citizens upon proof that they are of "gul mural clmr SCter, attac.tied to thu piiuciples of the Const. tution of the tinted States, and well disposed to tlie good onter anil happiness of the same." The first section ot the bill also contains sn enumeration ot the rights to he enjoyed by these classes, o made citizima, "in everv State and Territory in the United States." These rights re : " To mnke and enforce contracts, to ue. he . .i I Plrfl'd gdve evidence, to inherit, purchase. ) Ml, bold, and convey personal property," nd to have ' full nd equal benefit of all laws i and uroceedinrs lor the securitv of nrrmu-.nri jproperty as i enjoyed by the white citixeni" m too, they are made iiibjett to the 'same pun- i Kiiineni, muni, iiu peoaium in common witu wtiuecltirmt, an; to none others. Thai a per fect equality o-f the bite and black race i at tempted to bo ftedKy Federal law in every State in th Union, over theVast field of State jiiridiotiow-coTered tty these enumerated rights. sny power vl tie crimination between the differ ent race. y . " s-.f In the rvw'irtf 'tatc fbTlrx. ; 6Ver matter exclusively afiuoting tn people of each State, it ha frequently been thought expedient to dis criminate between the two race. By. the tat r (is of tome of tb State, Northern as well a 'Soutbera, tt i etiaVted, for inttance, that no white vxsrson hall intermarry with . negro or tnulaftoj . Chancellor Km iaya, speaking of the blacke, that "marnagit between them and the whit are foriiiddea in tome of tbe States ii,!5!TO B0,J K thff are. pro- uiuiiBu in mi sueaiavcuuiuingpratea, ana, wnen not absolutely contrary to law, they are revolt - ing and regarded a an offene against public dtOrqm.N - s ..- I do not any thi bill repeal the State law on with the blacks, tb black can only make such contract as tB white themelve are allowed "kevn'J' ,efo ?,n H"'' t-hi4ill I1?' .' m,.' wjfi -. n euu iHwws iwariiae cuuvract witn me w lutes. stance of the State policy as to discrlminsrJon. and to Inqulr whether, if Congress can abro- gtt all Mate laws ot discrimination between than .Federal r-itiienahip It doe, not purport ; the preceding set.-tibn U it expl'v V t h.rtb and defned. and the act t.irive these classes of persons any rt . .,.., .... ..,,.,..., A ..' i.,, ..., ..,,1 i -. f s...,ie."b..r U 17MU. estal.li.Uimr tbe indkial ,m . . . , -. -. anv ordinance, regulation, ..r .-us courts of the I'nit.-d Stales, in onlernng u the two races, in th Matter of re! eetate, of ' tOn. whose right, ar secured by the first tec suits and of ronlrnetsDiirrallr Cnnnr. n. ,1.-. t:ii7- -V. . . . I i. . -i ,:i T, r , - u..u ui u urn hij om oi innse ngnts, all riot alto repeal the State Jaws a to tb contract criminal nd civil cases affecting'them will bv Of mamage between tb two races Hitherto the revisions of th th-rd ' i.' every subject embraced in the enumeration of , righU contained in this bill has been consider-1 edaa cscliitircly belonamg to tte. State, They t .11 tel.,. Ia th. Int-m.l n.ll... m..A -f all felt to the Intern IpMfce and eooaomy of tbe respective States. Theyr matter, which iaeach State concern the domestic condition of f".-..v, ,...B . .-vuiu.iiH w iuusu s-n iMTuuar'cirvuowuuHT inu up miety ana weu being of it own citizen. I do not mean to 11-, to ot say that npo , all the subjects there are not Federal restrfficts; at for iuttance. ia the State powsf ef lgilatioa orr commit, ther i , Federal limitation thatnoyfitate shall pal a law impairing the obligations of contrictt and a to crime, that no State shall pas an rz pott facte 1A. nda to money, that no Slate (.hall matte anytuing out goiu anu n n-pai lou der. But where can we find Federal jirohihi tion afjaii.st the pjer of ifij Suite U iliscrim inte. do most of thenu between "aliens nd . . . i : , k , , not Coi,K.ew repeal in the u a,m i ;..i.,.in..'in.r lw.t.wMtn - ,slllt . thViraWrrfTOtlratW iid - nf - rice ? If Congress can declare bv law who shall ; hold lauds, who shall testily. Who 'shall have caoaritv to make; a contnwtin a State, then ( ouereas can by law also Oeelate ho wiiuoiu . 3 . ... , .... rtgard lo color or ra'f sball ln.ve tliu r.tit to it a a juror or a judge.-to hold , and. finally. 1 Vote - in u rv tjtate and I crri- tnrv 'of the United Htate " As resj the : Vrritories, they come w itliin the power of ( on- j great, fr a co them tbi-i.w-uiakint' imwir is ' the Federal power : bt-t n. to the state, no aim- ilnr provi-ions cxiat, vetting in fonfir.- th. J power "to make ru .J rij,..lati'ins tor ; I ilii-ni The objC of the secf.nd st-cuon inhabitant ot any Stan or J erntory lit privation of any right secured or protected by this act or to ditb-rent punishment, pains, or penalties on account ot such persons having at any time l:en held in a condition of slavery or involuntary servitude, except as a punishment of crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicied, or by reason ot Ins color or race, than( is precriled for the punishment of white per , sons, sha'l be ('eemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, on conviction, shall be pu..isiicd by line I not exceediiiK one thousand dollars, or impris- j i tinment not exceeding one year, or Ixith, in the dim-te'tion of the court." this section seems to ' iie desiiied to apply to some existing or future ' law of a State or Territory which iriav conflict law of a State or Territory which inay conflict "i,h the provisions of the bill now under con- wH'imnini u. ". .. "v l.irblflrter: lei islation 1)V imUtaUUt .fine and-lm- nnninfnt lim n t he U iVilorn who mav iuihs " :. ' - . - r-- lenrivation of the right itself, either by the State Judicjarjpr the ttxte t JcpaIaUirev -lt.:i tTieretore awumect (Kt under this section mem bers of the I.egislaturo who should vote for laws conflicting with the provisions"of the bill ; that Judges of the State courts w ho should ten der judgments in antagonism with its terms; and that marshslsand sheriffs, who should, as ministerial officers, execute proc t ssi s. Sit net i 'n -ed by State laws Qnd issued by State judges, in execution of their judgments, could be brought Cefore other tribunals and there subjected tu fine and tmprisonmeiit frir the pennrtnance of the duties which such State I .wa might impose. The legislation thus proposed invade the ju dicial power of the State. It says to every State court or judge, if you decide that this act is unconstitutional, if you refuse, under the prohibition of the State law, to al ow a negro to testify, if you hold that over aucb a subject matter the State law it paramount, and " under color" of a State law refuse the exercise of the right to the negro, yourerror of judgment, hnw ever conscientious, thai! subject you to a fine and imprisonment. I do not apprehend that th e conflicting legislation, which the bill seemj to contemplate, is so likely to occur at to render it necessary at this time tn adopt a measure of such jloubtful constitutionality. In tlie next place, thia provision of the bill seems to be unnecessary, aa adequate judicial remedies Could be adopted to secure the desired end, without invading the immunities ot legis lators, always important to be preserved in the interest of public liberty, without assailing the independence of the judidiary, always essential to thVBrcservation ot individual rights, and jhnutlmpairing the efficiency, of ministerial olfiesrs, iluayi necesaary for the maintenance of public peace and order. The remedy projioaed by this section seems to be, in -lid reject,- not nly auomaiout hut unconstitutional ; for the Constitution guarantees nothing with certainty, if it does riot nsure to the several States the right of makir.L and executing laws in regard to all matters within their jurisdiction, subject ... ,...... ..i umn with the" Constitution al constitutional lr.ws of the United States, the latter should be held tn he thp Snnreme law of the land only to the restriction that in casta of conflict The third section gives the District Courts of the United States exclusive "cognizance of all crimes and offence committe4-agair t the pro visions of this act," and concurrent jurisdiction with the Circuit Courts of the United St 'es of all civil and criminal cases "affecting persons who are dctiied or cannot enforce in the courts or iudtcial tribui als ot the Slate, or locality where thev mav be, an my of the rifchta sw irftf'Tnv ''construction 1 wbibh I have given to the secoed A. .1 . 4 1... .1.:, .1 lion is Strengtlienid by thu third tectum, 1 it make clear what kind of denial or deprivation of the ngnts tecureo ny tne nr-sr sect! m wr in con-1 ttmplstioq. It is a denial or deprivation of such rights "in the Courts ofthe United States." It stands, ther fore, clear of douht, that the of fence and penalties provided in the second see- J tion are intended for t-e StateJadge, -n ho, in , the clear eereiae of his functions as a Judge Bot acting ministeriallv. but judiciallv, shall 1 4idi enntrmrr tn th(a'Pdmi i. rW .i.. i word, when State Judge, acting upon M A,leS. Uon involving conflict between a State law 1 and a Federal law, snd bound, according to bis own Judgment and responsibility, to give I in Imnartlal decision between th. to th conclusion that the Stte law is valid and iu'.r.6!''.1 linT,1'.hamWt not fnllnw4Q it Pis Own judgment, at the peril of imprisonmeht. The Legislative De- flD nd parfment.of the United State thus takes from cred andeicinsiv duty of judicial decision, and onnvfVt th State Judge into a mere min Lsterial ofBcer, bound to decide according to the wilt of C ngrc. " It ia clear that In Rtita wtitnk I... n the fixclimiva Hninn t h. pL,i, i nal. It follow that if. in an SttNh!ol, A. ni to a .colored pron any oneofiall those - 1. 1 . rT , , right, that person should Commit ' crime against th law of, tbe State, murder, arson, rape, or anv other crime, all orotectifU .n ishment through the law of the Stat- am t. isnmcni inroiigu roe law en tne Stat are ta- a turns, let ween artincia peraon? i-iu wiiw ,wu i iiuuuwi jwiep... . : rati, and natural persons, in the rijfbt to hold each State for the protection of its own citizen, ri.,, ,.ts.i.. t 4a4uli uuiiiluiaitJi.Jia p;roiu.,ha.va.. If it be granted that Congress can repeal nil late its criminnl lawif, F.-dral law, whoever it State tews (tiwrtminating tween white and ; can licinade to apply, displace State law. 11. ..I.. i .1 k. t.u Ull s The imniiiin hetv netnrallv ne. Irom W0 f th.' M! if to altord discriminating proer:tioii to 1 1,.- color- ! zens or 'uniecis. .j.i : .i...i-..n , i uii iku...t..u ii..,-. t ,. in, iem imapi- oi tne t n ten ni ares the dii , inatin ken away, and he can only be tried and pttniabedfital and Jabor. it is in the Federal court. How is. the criminal ti they will satisfactori be tried f If th offene i provided for and Capital, it is true, h punished by Federal law, that law and not th j itau la w i to go ram. - the Federal courts are to ry anu pumsu uiiu under another law. Tbenresort is to le had to "the common law as modified ami changed" by State leeilation, "so tar as me same is nv coniBtent witn the l.onsMiuimu ... . . . ii. .i... !.;- Jn An- tue Lnltert Mate. co uisc rrf ' e .t.-iav.iiln i .rovrflcf l bv j source Ongres derir..the power to tranaterto :..F.uli -ti!imto.-erm -of t!W W- rjrwit in -tW' sectlont The ConMilUltotl " eT prenslv tieclare tnat tne juaicim power oi tue Unite! Mates ' shextend,. to all cases in law i unci equtynmsinf ymter tnis ooMf nuiion, me i.ms m hi- -i -. ... i : i .1 n I ' . 1... I...! v Diiikn.i.D I w hich i- ian ne umur, mum '") , aii caa-s' aileotiiig ?rnliassadorit, other public inini -u-ri and eoumils; to all cases ol admiralty atd mriiime jurivlictiim : to t-out roversics to which the United States shall he a party ; to I cohtroverties r 'ween two or more States, be-1 twecti it Sih'a and a cititn of another State, U-tween Citi;n o- different State, between c:t wens, oi tue ame Mate riaiiiiing -mm uuun , giants of dilh-rcnt State, and lietween a 8t...e, or the citizens thereof, and foreign state, citi- I on ong- g in Mate tnnunaiH. is careiui to conuiie them to the clashes enumerated in the alxive re cited clause of the 1 ohstitution. This section of the t ill .undouhtedlv coin prehends cases and authorizes the exercise of powers that are not ' by the Constitution within the jurisdiction ol ( the courts of the United States. To transfer i them to tlmse courts 'wouhi lie an exercise of . authority well calculated to excite distrust and I alarin on the part ol all the States, tor the bill applies, alike to nil of them as well to those, i that have, ns to those that have not, been en- I gas(ed in rebellion. .... ' ! It ma, be as'uined that this authority isinci- I j dent tothe power granted t it 'ongreseby the t on- j ! "titution, as riK-eiitu-aniended to enforce, by ' titiition, n receijtiv amearii-d to enforce, by j appropriate legislation, the article declaring that I s.,..v, .. cept as a puuislinient for crime, whereof the par - ty slinil have been du'v convicted, shall exist nowhere exists within the itiirisdiction of the HJuitud States ; nor has there been, nor ia it like ly there will be, any attempt to revive it, hy the people or the Suites. If, however, any such at tempt shall be made, it will then become the duty of the General 'Government to exercise any and all incidental powers necessary and proper to maintain inviolate t.iis great constitutional law of freedom. . " The fourth section of the lull provides that officers and agunts of the Freed ufeis's Bureau jhall he, empaacred (o make- Rrre!itaBd,h!e that other officers may be specially commission eo. for that purpose by the President of the United States. It also authorizes Circuit Courts of the United States and the Superior Courts of flie. Territories lo appoint, w ithout limitation, commissioners, who are to be charged with the performance of qnani i'l.lieinl dutjes. The fifth section empowers the commissiijncrs, so to be selected by tlie cou.ts, ti Appoint in writing under their hand-, one or more suitable persons from time to time to exeeute warrants and oth er processes described by the bill. These nu merous omeial agents are made to constitute a tsort of police, in addition to the military, and are authorized to summon a potuf. eomitatut, and even to call to their aid such portion ot the land And. naval forces of thnitii State,- or of the militia, "as maybe necessary to the perform ance of the duty with which they are charged." This extraordinary power is to be conferretl up ' on agents irresponsible to the government and to tbe people, to whose number the discretion of the commissioners is the only limit, and in whose hands such authority might be made a terrible engine of wrong, oppression, snd fraud. The general stjtutes regulating the land and Bival forces of the United State, tlw militia, and the execution of the laws, are lielieved to Jje. adequate fir vry emergency which can oo cur in time of pence. It it should prove other wise. Congress cn at any time mcnrl. those laws in such t,.uuer as, while subserving the public welfare, not teljeopard the rights, inter ests, and lilierties of tile people. The seventh section provides that a fee of ten dollars shall be paid to each Commissioner in everv case brought before hiui.Nond a fee of five dollars to his deputy, or deputies, "for each person he or they may" arrest and take Wore any such Commissioner," "with such other fees as may be deemed reasonable by ueh Commis sioner," "in general for performing such other 'ntiefv.s may oe required iu the Twemisc." All these fs t. e to be "paid out of the Treasury of the United States," whether there is a convic tion or not : but in case of conviction, thev are 1'1 me that under the Influence of such tempt- t ,,on bad neo might convert any law, however j benefloeat, into an instruuient of persecution fnd fraud. By the eighth section oi the bill the United State Court, wbicb it o,nly in one place for white citizens, roast migrate, with the Marshall and District Attorney, (and necessarily with the Clerk, although he is not mentioned,! to any parUof the District, upon the order of the Pres ident, snd there hold court "for the- purpose or me more speruy arrest ana I rial or persons, charged with a violation cf thi a?t," ..and there tne judge anci tne othcer ot the court must remain, upm the order of the President, "for the time thetwin designated." ' The ninth section authorizes tbe President, or turh person a be may empower for that pur Us fsrse of-the ITiiitwl , Wlaiwi nrrif (rif Biili pose, "to employ inch, part of tbe land and na- tia, as shall he necessary to prevent 'the viola tion and enforce tbe due execution of this act Thit language seems to Imply a permanent mil itant force, that is to be a!wv-t hand, and whose only business is to be the enforcement of this measure over the vast region whereiit ia in tended to operate. I do not propose to consider the oolicv of this bill. To me the detail of th bill teem fraught ii rrv . vs.- .,., . v and to ownership, capital and labor are di vorced. They stand now each master of itself. In thi new relation, on being necessary to the other, there will be a new adjustment, which both are deeply interested in making hannoni ous. Each has equal power- In settling the terms, and If left to the laws that regulate cap- : . i j i . j 1. . i . , , , , ., it, i s cLiii(ueuiiy oeooveii mat sinwiuifj ur ouc iii pfooiem. f 1 ni. lia mnm in , 1 ri .... . I,.. labor ia never so ignorant" not to understand I iu own. interests, not to know ii own yslu, It U July when the offenccdoe not happen to! be withih'the purview of the Federalism that , I With Mil -- ThA whfl. .nl th. h.,-li maA I ill a .ii. -,'T : , x weigttta inetooacco wa tne property oi of the South hay hitherto lived together under j Hobgood, of Granville county, North l'JOBOf m"t1r!I!!rr"P.,,ri,0WBlnft rolina, and wsi purchased hr W. CJ W. Spl labor. ow, soddefllv. that retat ion is cbtnired. i . 4h!. t-- tL, Z. it-'i.. tatx 8nd not to see that capital mWpay tat tilo. )bi bill frustratu this adjustment It Intaw1 vene between capital and labor, and attempts, -to settle questionsof political economy through the ft't'oncy ot numerous officials, whoae intmil. it will be to foment discord between th. . races; inruweiirai muent meir emnln. ... " ill - .JJ i i.i. . r'"T" ment will continue, Hd when it is closed ihoi. occupation will icnuwato, - ,..,.- .. In allour History, in all our experience at a pewpte-Hvinjr nnrier Fedeiiri-Trd"1Stit te Taw "jj" auchtyatrrnaa that contemplated bj the'd-" tail of this bill ha ever been proposed or adon. ted. They establish, for the securitv of the ij ored race, tafrgtiards which go inflnilteb bertud aiir tuni in: wt'ici wi 'iliuvirt iiML.e.yer- viile.l i'ur tl,c white race. In fhet, the distmc- tion or race ana coior i, ny tne Wll ajd 1 to operate in favor of the colored and agaiut the wnitc race, iney intenere with the mu. ' ! uicibi irpinianiMi ui m nii, r hb ineMa, '..I . i- nous eiiioig otiunncii uciwwq a Bute and ita citizens, or between inhabitant of thtaan' ftatc an absorption and assumption of pwer' by the General Oovernmcnt whieh.if acquiesced in, mut sap and destroy our federative ayttea t limited powers, and break down the barrier t which preserve the right of the StatM. It it ano'iar step, or ravher Sviide, oward 'oatraU. " zation, ani tne concentration ot nit legitlatir power iu U Xatioaol Core neat. The ten.1' dencv of the bill must le to resuscitate th spirit of rebellion, and to arrest the progress t tjiose influences which are more Closely drawing ' ar und tht; States the bonds of union and peace, ' My lamented predecessor, in bit proclajnttios of the Ht of January, 18C8, ordered and de clared that all pemoua, hcUl as Uwct within cer tain States and part of the States therein des ignated, were, and thenceforward ahould be free, and, further, that the Executive Govert ment of the United States, including the nili. tury and naval authorities thereof, would ncor- nizcand maintain the freedom ot such persons. This izuarantee has been reudered etpeaaltv eh- Hggtory and sacrel by the amendment of lb Constitution abolishing slavery throughout th" ' Unitwl States. I therefor fully recognize th obligation to protect -and defend that clttt of our people, whenever and wherever it shall b come necessary, and to the full extent cotnpttU hie with the Constitution of the United State. ' F.nterfaining these sentiment, it only remains' for me to (iav that I will cheerfully, oo-ooerst for me to sav that I will cheerfully, co-operat with Congress in any measure that May baa. .,feU a those of all other classes, of person ' ' ; throuchout the United States, bv iiidicial mo...' avail "' "K"'" w m ire sitrv tlirn-wrrt'rwrirr f the freednmr: u 1 pelled to withhold my assent from a teeond measure-Htat h received th sanction of both House of Congress. ANDREW JOHS30S. -Washington, D. C, Maich 27, 1866. Chowas. Cocstt, Nokth Caiious. We have hitherto, more than once, alluded to th grape-growing region of the Old North State, which one of these days will become celebrated as a grape and wine region Ib Chowan enmi ty, a gentleman 'ruUivatet a hundred acres ia vineyards which embrace a laigfi variety of tb grape. Hit success has been tplendid. la on i year he told win from hi cultivated' grips : area, to the extent of (3,000 and we ar i- I formed tbe annual expense wa 8A0. Be bat : been offered for hi grape cr jp, on the vine, lix cents per pound. Here is a region for French, I German and Swiss immigrants, who eccop. i tion hitherto has been in the vineyard of their; I own native lend. They would in time malt 1 ..i.i ri....... .. l... .... c m u-rju; 1 ' i , viivsnuaiuim, laniuui lUIIWI u t land or the smiling slope of the Alps. JVor4t VirainiaA I". ' Virginian. Chowan County is not better a a grape-grow- , ing county, than most of th Counties of the , State, adjacent to the sea-coast. The Scupper nong grape, perhaps, grow to greater perfee-1 f tion i n Tyrrell County, where, we believe, it w first discovered, than in most of them, yet. In all the Counties, as far as eighty mile from the coast, no better vine-growing country can b found, perhaps, in the world. Ed; Sxtrrnrei.. "Many of thorn now deny that they ererwef - secessionists, but charge that the real secessioa istswre the old Ps ton Demociat,.nke.PresidDt " Johnson and the SenioTEditorof thU journal" Standard. 1 - . i We challenge the Standard, to point out a -tifigle instance, in thia State, in which Preti- . dent Johnson ha been charged with being a real secessionist, by ny responsible person. h He hat been called a traitor bj the Senior Edl- ' tor of the Standard, but we have never heard U.U- -U-.gVU RIM! W.,M . OWVWIIWUMW J J one in thi State. . " . . The Standard say there waa no dispatch from ' the Provisional Governor, which called forth the rebuke of tbe President in regard to th. elec tions in this State In November last. We admi t fte.temeiit, but dehf that we charged to President with suppressing anything. K ": the telegram of 'the Pmi3"3t1)orf M jvi dent marks that he w laboring1 under an erro neous impression in regard to our elections, that we ttipposed it mrist have been occasIonel hy incorrect information received from some tourco. , A the Provisional Governor ttehie hvingent him any ram,-we admit that fa did trotwAl thetelefrram. 61vdid the Indent receive JhiJmpraioni ; " nt; t V. - It I reported that th President of th Senate of Kew Jersey ha declared himself in favor of the Premdent' policy, and, holding the balance of power, has prevented th election of a sum ,if ha fliHi,il ftlim , X- SSWV ' Goto cloed, in New York, on th28tJv t . ' 128. Cotton hd.an advancing tendency, with ale of 8,000 bale at 41 $ 43 cent. Risk Pwci to .Tobacoo.--A hogshead of tobacco, weighing nine hundred pounrik, was r cold at West. Hill Warehouse - yesterday, by Messrs. Todd, Pttgh Go, at tOO pcrhundrdl . - 6tboko L v-vonaoa. A Northern journal J that tome of the reports to the Freedmen's Bu reao ar marred by impuliv utterances, which detract tVorri their menu Very likely, nd posubty their truthfulness. Asatpceimen of those not "cs!ml,y judieil,ft th (dlowmg opening; sentence of the report of General Fisk,. from Kentucky, is given : ."There are some of tht mtanett, iftWijujaUd, and unrectnttrvaro, rateaUg, retellioiit rttoiulionittt i n Kentuckj that cursejth soil of th country. '' - - "... . i "tr. A.