i77P irODGE-fcrBOYl
.',.-, Twenty-five Shillings Pr 2tar..
Senate pf the Uy Stakr.
We d esday , " & b u a v 1 6i 1 803 .
VifcV; ;Wtfin of DeJaware.'-Mr.
Prefideht." On'this iubjccr,'; which
hatf bh'a fbraKTday been' difcufled
with to liiuch abllhy, arid witH i'uch
eloquence bynVy friend from JPenh
fylvariia, ' tHe honorable mover, of the
relolinions,'. I hall fubrait the . few
ubfervaripns I may make, in as. con
die a manner as A am capable 9f;r;
for.it is very far from my wilh to oc
cupy ' tha time,T6r atfention brthe
Seti:tte " uhneceiTarily. -. The refolu
iions ori yoar table I approve in thir
full extent 1 believe they exprefj
the firm and manly tone; that at this'
liroment, is Specially becoming the
dignity othe government to affume ;
I beTie vehey in
' meafures, that,", if" promptly purlued,
will be honorable to the na:ion and
equal to the accomlifhment of the
important objecYwbich gentlemen
on all fides Jeem to have in view.
Thefe alone, with me, would be fuf
ficient inijacemcnts to yield t hem my
" feeble fupport ;-bit jn addition.-to
thefe, and to the thorough convic
tion of my own mind as to the courfe
I ojLight to purlue, I nave the happir
nel's of beihgTupporred in my opini
ons on thisiubjett. by' the unequivo
cal ekpreffioh of the fentiment of the
ftate, rto whichI have the honor to
belong.
It was early feen, Mr. Prefidenti
and required but little penetration to
dilcover,. that adventurers emigra
ting beyond the mountains; an i feci
tling on our weftern waters muft poj
fels the free navigation of the .Milfif
fippi, it bemg-therr only outlet to the.
' ocean. Thrs iiajtant privilege it
became neceflary on the part of the'
government otthe United Statj to"
fecuVe bf tfeatv.' & not leavtf io the
capricious will of whatever. r.atibr
might future! hold the territory at
inc mouin or ine river, v iiccoramg
Iv in the Ath and 22d articles of our
treaty with Spain',"! find oh this fdb
ject the fallowing Itipuiatidjis ; . ;
'f Article I Vlt is likewife agreed
mac ine weiiern, oounaary or tne
United States. Which febirat as them
from the Spanifli"' colon j ' of" Xouiil"-!
ana, ?s in the middle of the Channel
or bed of the Viver MiffiffimvifrnnV
the northern , boundary t of the fald
States, to the comDleriori of rhe 1 1 ft
degree' ,f latitude north of the equa-
i.urv rfxnu. qiauainoiic majeity nas
likewiie" agreed that the naviga'tioh
yii inc laiu river, in us wjioic; DTCaain
from it's fintre fn rH( orparrL' ffiall hp
.free: bnly tq hisfubjets and'the ci
tiz'eris of the United Stires''QleiV
ne mould extend this privilege to the!
lttDjects ot.Qtner. powers by Jpecial
convention. -I).-. : . . . r-," t
Art. XX IL The two5 high cohV
tracuffg parties, hoping that the g.od
correfportdence arid friend (hip which
happily reigns between them, vill
be further encrealed by this treaty;
& that it will contribute to augment
their profperity' and opulence, ; will
m future give to' their mulujtl com
inerce: all, the' extnfion and Tfavor
,hich th advanfages of both coun
; tries' niay VeiiireV ; ' .'''"l?. .
Arid in c6nfeauehce:of the flinul.
fitions contained in the fourth article.
uis vauouc luajeuy win permit the
citizens of the United btates, fdr'the
fpace of three years from this time,
tod'pojlt titer merchandize and tfftfts in the
tri 4 sXew-brleanSf and ,tO expoft
them from thence without paying a-'
? other duty; thln'a fair price for
- the; hire pf ;1iores,Tand his ihajeftjr
: promifes either to continue this per
. Rnffion;- if he finds during that titne,'
that ins not prejudicial to the inte
rdts of Spain, or if he mould not a-'
tree to continue i; thefe, hd jviU af-
fiirn to them: oWannfhprTir?rt W
Banks of the MiffilTipi, an Equiva
i.ent Establishment." a :i
. this inftrument, Mn Prefidem;
it is knotn, ; for a' time' quietetfthe;
fears arid jealoufies of our We(f ern
Brethren ; they fuppofed it had5 re
moved forever the poflibility cf any
future embar raffment to theii.com.
merceori thole waters; . And afterif
had been proclaimed, as the law of
the land, after it had been ratified by
both nations,' aridbeebme oMigarory
upon the faith, and honor e of each
who could have thought otjierwiie
Yet fir,' it has hippened otherwife
ThlS Dlace.of Hnnfir at N(iv.flr;
leans,-Tecured touritizensTby th?
article Iaft read,', has been Recently
wreltel from thiir hands hv the jh.
thoritT of the Sbanilh covfrnrnfnr fa
No Uthk r EouivliLENT oh afiar.
find mil es tf ; bToar TtavitrafioriX rhv
ihay diiembafk their produce in or-
u w wuuu icr ici,ana wunouc
this' advantage the nivLaratiiVn of rh'e
river is to them but an empty name.
I I ... (..'J L. 1 .t ' . .
. dvc iaia ny rne autnanty or tne
Spanifh governmenr. - It has indeed
been given out to the wofld for'rtsf
ions thutvcry man may conjecturei'
and are unneceflarv to he mcnrinheH:
that this; was not the acVcf; goverrV
ment, Dut the rath meaiure of a fin
gle officer, the Intendant General of
the paniih. provinces that the Spa
nifh ramifcer had iflucd t rdersforthe
Ipecdy adjultment of thefe ditticulries
had kindlv offrreJ to ihinw him.
lelf into the breach to prevent this In-
tendant i-reneral from goihg to extre
mities with the Government of the
United States. ; Sir, gentlemen may;
piece of diplomatic policy, intended
only ro amulie rhpm "." nH tn (av n.
thing 6f the humiliating idea of re
fortin$ to fuch a plairter for the.
wound that has been inflicted upon
our national honor, . if .they had :ta-
Ffi9.Wc.'--'thcyH might have
beenJinfofrried that the Spanifh Mi
niuernear this government has no
con trou 1 $ t , NeWrOrlearis t bat the
Infendant General is like himWf an
immeeiate . officer of the crown, and,
rei pontic only; to the crown for his
conduct. .? If, the, Spanifh m(niiter has
interfered, which Tarn not diipqfed.
td queftiien.'.to mike the. beft ot jt, it
could bnly have, been' byjhe inirca
ties of men in power; as a mere me
diatbr,' to beg of the Int'eridant pc
henrl of N". XJrleans, juftic & peace
on behalf of the people of thUnited'
Statesv.. Are ; honorable gentlemen
preparecf to accept of peace onfuch'
reTms Ihey might do fir for a. tribe"
f ftarving Indians rjut'isi; thiuheV
iaui. uja. wc aic ui noia among tne
nations of th world ? nd it ie'ems
that even.thefe fupplicating ad varices"
are likely to aViy S us' nothing Jjy ao;".
coun t,S:Ver' lately received from New-
Orleans," by a private" ;letteyhjch T
have eeh fmce thele rofolutionswere'
librriitte4. to the fenate i Iriteh
dant Geiftral haS exprefled much dif
pleafure. at .the. 'interference bf the
opanith minilter-rftating;tha't it was
nofvvithin his diitv or fns nrnvinc '
and that ,he the-iritendanri, afted'
not under Spanifh but French" or-'
ders. , y t,::r:t
" As to the clofiritf of -'the Timt nf
New-Orleans atrai nl our 1 citizen
the' man who can now doubty tftcr,
viewing ail the accompanying circum
ftances,1 that it was the deliberate acY
of the Spanifh'; or fyenclj -oyer"
rnent,; iiuflfiaye locked up'his fnind
acainft .truth arid convidionl uriA
determined to dif'eredit, even the c
Viderice of his own i'ens.lRiir fir -
itis not only thVdepHvirig us of bur
right of depofit by. which We have
been aggrieved ; it is by a fjrfterh of
rheafuies nurfued antecedentanrf fVh-
feaudnt td that event eoballv TSnrtiT
and evea more infulung. 1 have in'
; M O N;DATM-ar;c h; at, 1 803;
VolVIIL Numb. 363V
I , . . 1 ...
myjhand a paper, .figned by a Spa
nifh officqr , which with' the indul
gence of the chair. I will read to the'
i'enate.
ADVERTISEMENT. V. ;
r ' .tTnder date of the' tcth inft. (De
cember)sff he Intendant; general of
thefe provinces tells me, tqat the ci
tizens of, the United States of Ame
rica, can . have no eomnterce. with h'u
niyeflf s futfrfathcy' only having the
free navigation of the river for. the
exportation of the fruits and produce
of theireftablifffirients, .to foreigti"
countries; and thelLimborfsjtidibF.
what they jmayrit from them-MAs.
i?tfr Vjfo.far;7.fetfe0j jPtf ,7d;
kjZtalQtti anigjigiUnti vttk particular ir-,'
"thai ther ifhaiitants, neitUf purchari'e or.
boifr, fagtfO&Myj ether . mailer ' vejpls
that may go along the'riyer deftiaed
for thv American poffeltioris, or pro
ceeding from them,, that they (hall
be informed of it for their due com
pliance pi the famci ,
(Signed ) .
CARLOS DE GRANpPREE.
Baton Rouge,-Dec. 22, 1862. . . t
? The foregoing is a tranilation from'
the original, directed to me by his
Lordfhip Carlos de Grand pree, Col.
of the Royal armies,' and governor
of Baton Rouge. .
...... ' ' . T.O.CONNER.
? v" Cyndicpf 4th Diltrift
JSaton Rouge; Lfea 2?? 1 80 2.
J heie? are th nicafufes Mr,
dent that -have been arlonfeH thffi-
are the orders that havA beeA iffued,"
orme itendsnt ueneral, to every
lifiei, wanton y, .infrad his Tolerrm
treaty,;and his;.fubjer ari
moment, undcrurTery eyes,.aOing
W opeiL violatipn f it belt provifi
9ns hi withholding rom our 'citi
zens the all impotant: right it gda
ranteesio them of navigating freely
the Miffiffippir'Aight effential to
their very cxiflcncfl i as a people V a
rights ,thar cari ne vet be abandoied
by them but ttith; their livesnor
yielded by usbyt with bur ijatioSal
honour; " !?.ivrz-, iV-
; rfhould be life thatthis jm
portant quefion will iibt long hi an
affair of controverfy between the U.
gtateiLand SpainTiatil.ouiun?
iyw.ynqans,flJftj.jtt ulurped cairn
of the. Spanifli governmenr ?td the
exclufite rnavigationjoi.the MifliC
fippi, will ,foon be found -in mother
handsvrthat whenever wetnay have
to negociate on this fubj'e&ither in
the cabinetor the field, k-will'-nof be , '
mil 1 his Catholic roajeftyV' but with .
the Firft Confulriot with a 7 king,
but with the king of kings.-! anfwer
that in thefe infultst,o ' national .
dignity, we at prefent know no pow
er, but SpaiqWhatevef ; agency .
Bonaparte niay have had in this bu
fmefs, he has been concealed ircra
our vie. Xt is Spain Uha has vio
lared;hcr plighted ijkhU. js, Spain
th.nas trampledupon Vthevdeareft
inured s of the United States and in-
fu hed oun government ; to our faces
without trje lcmblance of a caure; :&
fhealoneis refponfitle tojjs fcrjlefe - (
outrages. And nnderuch cir'cum- ;
fiances is it r- becoming,-; politic, or
honorable: in us to- rrpsf fwV"i V - '
friend and a a jieio-hhnr
urate .with , her, on .her acls of iniaf-
vc, ana wau 1111 irejnau aaa intuit
to mfult. ahd heart inim- niwi.m-.
mry, or what is perhaps even woi le.
11 any uwng wone inan national de
gradation can befal an1ind,ependent
people, till this golden opportunity
mall pafs ';. a wpy, .4nd .the facility of .
redrefg be wrefted ffdrh out; hands ?
No t Sirrwe fhoulq now view her as
our open eperny, having declared
wr . agajnlt us, and , do Mice to
ourfelves., . .We,can nevfr baye.pe.r
mariem peace on our. eftern vvatet s,
till we DofTefs ourfelv eJt,
.Orleans, andjluch other polltfons as
uwjruc iictcuary rp give US tne com-
J .ir 1 ' ....
yizic Aim aDioiure command 01 the
navigation of the JWollifilpi., . c
have now.fucn an nnnnrtntiitv nPoi--
compliflifrig thisTmpQitanfcbieft as
maynot be prefented agairi ini ctn-
tuneSi arid every jufiiheaioff that
could be wifheJftr-'4VaiIing" our
felf es of the epportunity,. Spain has
dred. us to. the trial, and now bids
Us defiance. , She is yet in pQffe$cnT
01 mat country, it. is at this moment
within vour reach nnd tvlthm wi,
power. - It offers a fure and eay cop-queft..-We
fliould have to encounter
there now, onJy aM:eak",.' inaftive, & -unenterorifinK
Deonle1 i hiir
lew .months vary this cene and '
datken our profpefis t tho?. not offi; .
cially informed,' we know that, the, ,
Spanifli provinces" on the Mifiiffippi
have bien' ceded to theFrench, iind
that they will as fcona poffible take
polleflioft of them;f s What'mdrwe
then!iexpea ? When in the fait ex
tremity we ffiall be driven t(f arm;
jn defence of our indifputable rights
where now flnmfwrm KJ mv -
with folded aims theiluggifh Spari
iard, ve. fhaTI be hailed by the vigi.
lent and alert - French ? Grenadier,
.uu.iuiiii. uuiuvntu diiuui mat
would-how -furrerider at our iR
prbach, we lhall fee unfurled - the ?
ff andardi ' that have tvaved triiirri
phant in Italy, rfui rounded by' im
pregnable rarnpahs," and- defended
by 1 tie difdpliried yeterang ; bf Ff&p,
' I am; willing fif, to attribute to hp-
liorahle frenrfmrin hh h(l'lt A
titei. ' J am ture theytfo jaot wih to
diitrict . of the Spanifh". provinces,'
prohibiting the fubkas 0$ his Catho-
hv uwjcuy Hum iiaying any com
merce, dealing, intercourle,' br com
munbn xvhatfoevcr with the citizens
Of the Unite:! Starrs: tirrUiAiref ; e.
from their fhores. for the diffance'of
two hund red and fevenry miles,
treating us like a nation of pirates or
a.t?numiw ivouucrswno rney.iear
ed to trufl in their country : & this
dayfir, if a,veffel Jbelonging to a
Citizen of the U. States, engaged in
a fair and lecal trAf. nnnn tK.
waters of the JMiffifilppi, . within the
"Hfuuu, uiics, ana .m a nate or tne
mod extreme diftrek.. the4 S
Avho ftipuld yield .her aid or com-;
fort., WOUld do It' at the npril- nf hi
, I - - -" V. .MW
htev .,. ...,, .... . ' f.. .
. But whir do we rnnfine ftnr"flv:
tO the MifliflinnL -atmnft
ot.the Wbrld furnifhes; ris with cauf
es of complaint- agatnfl: -ilie, Span
iards ; fcarce!y,' a mail has airivcd.
for a vear naff, tht hn nrt KrV,.,K,
us lorne account, of theiroutrages up-.
v '""sctccvj vX iniu-it our
natiorial flac
the7;.eetJthey feiz'e; our. 'mer1
chantmen rthey. plunder our ,raer
ichantsof thdp"rooerty--they abufe
uur -f ie;aii.cn--inacK!et tnem with
chamsi-find conficn them
ons and yet honorable gentlemen'
cry out peace, jreace when -there -is
no peace lf this be peace,' God give
ur war. ';And pray ;Mr. Prefideriti
what have we done to' proyoke all'
ii-eVhav?.vipIatei nor irea
With his Cathnlir fnrttv wit'dmu
injured none of hisTubjeSswe have
uchcuiicu no wnere upon rns CQm
nrce f rather than offend .him,
when he has fmitten us on one check,
With chriftian; rheeknefsr, - we haye
turned the, other -rhe i has made rib
ComDlairit atrainfl! 'hi t t ht
caufe of complaint-i-he does not e
ven condefcend to-feefc a luftifiea.
tion for his conduct, norie1 could br
found but it originate? in- a dclibe-
rately formed lylteni of infult and
abufe, and hc;is proceedirigllep by
fteD. to afcerrain hov'tnno-.fK
pie of .theU. Statei wjU fjuffer them-
ieives.w ee trampled wponfTith im
pu?utv. Wc have feeft hm oatjur'
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